JP3438776B2 - Wooden laminated stair steps - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a step board for stairs using a wood laminated material as a base material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The footboards of stairs are made of natural wood that is simply lumbered into the shape of a footboard, plywood, particle board, wafer board, etc. A veneer with a veneer applied to it is used. Since the tread is thick and wide, it is difficult to obtain natural timber and the price is expensive, but it has a unique grain and is relatively thin in width and thickness Since boards such as short boards are available at a relatively low cost, they are vertically spliced with an adhesive to make them long, and they are also spliced laterally with an adhesive to make them wider. The plate material is called wood laminated wood or simply laminated wood. Also, a laminate obtained by laminating and bonding single plates thinner than a plate material is called LVL. However, since the laminated wood has a better aesthetic appearance of the grain of the laminated surface, the laminated wood stairs are preferred.

[0003]

In the step board of the stairs, the strength in the lateral direction is not so important, and the strength in the longitudinal direction is important. Wood has a large strength in the fiber direction, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the wood logs, but has a small strength in the direction orthogonal to the fiber direction. Therefore, the stair tread of laminated lumber inevitably has the fiber direction of narrow wood as shown in Fig. 4. Are assembled so that they are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the footboard.

However, since the stairs are installed diagonally in the house and the ceiling is usually a through-hole, there are great restrictions on the mounting position of the lighting device and the projection angle.
Especially in the case of box type stairs, both sides are surrounded by walls,
Since the width is such that it is difficult to carry the luggage, it is limited to a fairly high position so that the luggage can pass even when the lighting equipment is mounted on the walls on both sides. Even if the lighting is from directly above, the riser will be in shadow, and as the pedestrian climbs up and down the stairs, it will be difficult to see the feet due to the shadow of the pedestrian himself. At present, it is extremely difficult to illuminate.

From the current situation, in the case of the stepboard of the stairs as shown in FIG. 4, a pedestrian with weak eyesight may have a corner of the nose and an adhesive layer between the timbers constituting the laminated wood depending on the angle of illumination. It may be misidentified and lead to an accident such as stepping off. Even if it is not mistaken, there are temporary illusions and dizziness.

[0006] There is also known a stepped plate made of laminated wood in which a groove is provided in the vicinity of the nosing to make the anti-slip effect and the nosing easily visible. However, since the laminated wood is composed of wood of the same tree species, anti-slip effect can be expected in the groove, but since the groove part and the corner part of the nose are the same color, it is still mistaken for stairs with insufficient lighting. It is difficult to completely eliminate the illusion.

[0007]

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems by the means described below. That is, in the stepped board of wood laminated wood, composed of laminated wood or LVL laminated and bonded by appropriately combining two or more wood veneers or thin boards of a color tone that can clearly distinguish the nose vicinity part from each other, By exposing the laminated surface of the laminated wood or the LVL to the surface of the tread, a striped pattern or a line was made to appear on the surface of the tread near the nosing, and the above problems were solved. According to the invention of claim 2, by constituting the laminated wood or LVL in which the above-mentioned two kinds of wood single plates or thin plates are alternately laminated and adhered, a striped pattern at a constant interval is made to appear, and a uniform design is obtained. It is characterized by being a stair tread.
According to the invention of claim 3, at least one of the tree species constituting the part near the nosing is the same tree species as the tree species of the wood constituting the other part except the part near the nosing, which is an invention of a footboard. Then, as described below, the invention considers the adhesive force in the vicinity of the nosing.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a laminated stair tread of the present invention. Then, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a portion surrounded by a circle in FIG. In the figure, A is a portion of the footboard near the nosing. The wood constituting the other parts excluding the nose-proximal part A is made of laminated wood composed of wood E of the same tree species. The wood constituting the nose-proximal portion A is configured by laminating and adhering thin plates or single plates D and F of two kinds of wood. In the invention of claim 3, for example, D and E are the same tree species. The woods of D and F have different color tones and can be clearly identified by visual observation. Different color tones mean different shades, shades of colors, and the like.

For example, red or red-brown wood such as cherry blossoms and rosewood or strong black wood such as ebony is used in the F portion indicated by diagonal lines, and the D portion is white wood such as cypress and oak, beech, etc. Use light ocher wood. In this way, when wood with a significantly different color tone is used, the area A near the nose becomes striped,
It can be clearly distinguished from other parts. As described above, the pedestrian can recognize the accent such as a striped pattern by arranging the nose-vicinity portion A by alternately laminating and adhering two kinds of thin plates or single plates of wood having different color tones, and the position thereof can be recognized. It is possible to recognize that is near the nosing. Therefore, D or F
It is not necessary that any one of the woods of No. 3 and 6 has the same color tone as the wood of E, as long as the wood of D and the wood of F can be clearly distinguished.

In the present invention, the vicinity of the nosing means from the corner of the tip of the nose to about 1/3 of the width of the step board. Since a normal tread has a width of about 25 cm, a width of 25 cm means within 8 cm from the tip of the nosing. Foot width 1
When it is / 3 or more, when a short pedestrian walks down the stairs, when viewed from diagonally above, the part A near the nose of the adjacent step is
This is because they approach each other and it becomes difficult to recognize the nose tip.

By the way, a laminate obtained by laminating and adhering veneers with their fiber directions aligned is generally called LVL, and a laminate obtained by laminating and adhering plates thicker than the veneer is included in one of the laminated materials.
In the present invention, as described above, the wood constituting the nose vicinity portion A is made of LVL or laminated wood in which two or more wood veneers capable of being clearly discriminated from each other are combined or laminated and bonded together. However, in order to manufacture this footboard, first, the nosing part A and the other body part are separately laminated and adhered,
Although it is possible to attach the nose-proximal portion to the main body portion by adhering it later, it is also possible to prepare the material constituting the nose portion and the other main body portion, and laminate and adhere them at the same time.

The wood used in the present invention is mainly natural wood. However, when it is difficult to obtain wood species having different color tones, as in the invention of claim 6, the wood is not necessarily limited to natural wood. Alternatively, the artificially bleached or dyed product may be used, or the artificially dyed or bleached product may be mixed with the natural product. Further, the present invention is intended to allow a pedestrian to recognize the accent due to the color difference in the vicinity of the nosing, so when using a thin veneer, instead of alternately laminating veneers of different tones one by one. Alternatively, two or three sheets having the same color tone may be consecutively laminated and appropriately combined to be laminated and adhered to each other to form a striped pattern or a line on the laminated surface. The point is that a clear striped pattern or a line with a color tone different from the surroundings may be visually recognized.
When using artificially bleached or dyed ones, if different types of trees are mixed and used, there will be a problem of adhesion, as described below. It is desirable to dye or bleach a part of the thin plate or veneer near the nosing to clarify the difference in color tone.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Among the embodiments of the present invention, an LVL in which veneers composed of two kinds of tree species having distinctly different color tones are alternately laminated and adhered in the vicinity of the nose, and at least one of them is used. The invention of claim 3 is a desirable mode, which is the same as the tree species used for other parts except the nosing vicinity part. That is, in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the woods E and D are the same tree species, and the wood F is a tree species that can be clearly distinguished from the woods D and E. The reason for this is, of course, that inventory control becomes easier by limiting the number of tree species used to two, but as will be described below, the adhesive performance of wood is stabilized.

[0014] Wood has the following properties:
Absorbs or releases water. Then, the dimension expands or contracts as the moisture is absorbed and released. However, since the degree of expansion and contraction differs slightly depending on the tree species, when different tree species are alternately laminated and bonded, shear stress is generated in the adhesive layer, which causes a decrease in adhesive strength. In the case of the laminated material, the shearing stress generated in the adhesive layer is stronger as the thickness or width of the plate material constituting the laminated material is larger.

LVL manufactured by laminating and bonding single plates is
Since the thickness of the veneer is thin, even if the veneers of different tree species are laminated and adhered alternately, each veneer receives the restraining force from the veneer of the different tree species at the same time, and the veneer itself is also attached to the front and back sides. Constrain adjacent veneers. Therefore, since all the veneers are constrained to each other, no large shear stress is generated in the adhesive layer between the veneers, and the LVL as a whole exhibits an intermediate expansion / contraction rate of two tree species.

Therefore, as in the structure described in claim 3, 2
Laminated wood in the vicinity of the nosing composed of tree species or one of the tree species of LVL wood D or F and the other portion E of the tread
If it is composed of the same tree species as that of No. 2, there is no large difference in the expansion / contraction rate between the nose-adjacent area A and the other parts, so the adhesive force in the adhesive layer between the nose-adjacent area A and the other parts is Stabilize. However, the laminated wood made of thicker plates than the single plate,
Since the internal stress due to the expansion and contraction of the thin plate itself is large compared to the mutual restraining force, the thicker the plate, the larger the internal stress, and the large shear stress occurs in the adhesive layer,
Adhesion becomes unstable. Therefore, even when the nose-proximal portion A is made of a thin plate, the plate thickness should be as thin as possible. On the other hand, in terms of the ease of visually recognizing the striped pattern, the thicker the better, the optimum thickness is in the range of 3 to 6 mm. However, even if the thickness is 3 mm or less, the number of stripes in the striped pattern increases and it is easy to recognize, so that it is not always necessary to stick to 3 to 6 mm.

By the way, in the box-type stairs, as shown in FIG.
You cannot see the surface of the tread, only the riser. As you go below the line of sight, you can see both the tread surface and the riser. Therefore, near the height of the line of sight, the surface of the tread is less visible, but rather the nosing and riser of the tread are visible. Since the riser used for the box-type stairs is usually unified in the same color tone as the footboard, it is easy to misidentify the riser and the side surface of the footboard. In FIG. 3, as a visible side surface of the tread, that is, as a single plate or a thin plate (indicated by an arrow in the figure) exposed on the longitudinal side surface on the nosing side,
A single plate or thin plate with a color tone that can be clearly distinguished from the tree species or riser plate of the part of the tread except for the vicinity of the nose is used. In this way, even when climbing the stairs, it is possible to recognize the corners of the nose from the height of the line of sight to the feet so that there is a sense of security and it is possible to prevent accidents due to illusions and misidentifications. As described above, the invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the visible side surface in the longitudinal direction is formed of a single plate or a thin plate of wood having a color tone that can be clearly discriminated from the wood forming the part excluding the vicinity of the nosing. Furthermore, the invention of claim 5 is characterized in that the visible side surface in the longitudinal direction is constituted by a single plate or a thin plate of wood having a color tone that can be clearly distinguished from the portion excluding the vicinity of the nose and the riser plate.

Although the above description mainly describes the box-type stairs, the open-type stairs that do not use a riser have the same risk of stepping accidents due to misidentification of nosings as the box-type stairs. The present invention can be applied also to.

[0019]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a laminated lumber or LVL in which two or more wood veneers or wood veneers having a color tone in which the wood constituting the nose and the vicinity thereof are clearly distinguishable from each other are appropriately laminated and bonded together. Since the laminated surface is exposed on the surface of the footboard, accents such as stripes are recognized in the vicinity of the nose, even for pedestrians with weak eyesight and stairs with insufficient lighting,
Can recognize nosing parts. The third aspect of the present invention is intended to maintain the adhesive performance between the nose vicinity portion and the main body portion. According to the inventions of claims 4 and 5, even when climbing stairs,
This is an invention for making it easier to recognize the nosing part of the tread.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of a step plate of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the tread plate of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a staircase using the tread of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view of a conventional stepping plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

A nose area D wood E wood F wood

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Shun Tojo 5-21-1 Oji, Kita-ku, Tokyo NIPPON PAPER CO., LTD. (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04F 11 / 16 502 B27M 3/00 B27M 3/12 E04F 11/17

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A laminated lumber or an LVL in which a wood laminated lumber stair tread is laminated and adhered by appropriately combining two or more kinds of wood veneers or thin plates of different color tones so that the vicinity of the nose can be clearly distinguished from each other. A footboard of a wooden staircase, characterized in that the laminated surface of the laminated wood or LVL is exposed on the footboard surface. 2. A stair footboard made of wood laminated wood, which is composed of laminated wood or LVL in which two or more kinds of wood veneers having different color tones can be discriminated from each other and laminated alternately. The footboard of the wooden stairs according to claim 1. 3. The wood in the vicinity of the nosing is composed of two kinds of wood with colors that can be clearly distinguished from each other, and at least one of them is used.
Claim 1 or 2, Features that species is species the same species of wood which constitute the portion excluding the vicinity nosing
Treads of wooden stairs as set forth in. 4. The veneered side surface in the longitudinal direction is made of a wood veneer or a veneer having a color tone that can be clearly discriminated from the wood constituting the part excluding the vicinity of the nose.
Footplate of wood floors stages according to any one to three of the. 5. The longitudinal side of Gakari visible, what of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a single plate or sheet of color which can be clearly distinguished from the portion and riser plates except near nosing
Box-type wooden stair treads described there . 6. The wood constituting the vicinity of the nosing is artificially colored or bleached wood.
The footboard of the wooden stairs described in any one of 2, 4 and 5.