JP3438581B2 - AC generator for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an AC generator driven by an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a vehicle AC generator that can be mounted on a vehicle such as a passenger car, a truck or a ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a demand for an increase in electric loads such as safety control devices, and an ever-increasing demand for power generation capacity. At the same time, in a vehicle AC generator, it is essential to improve the heat dissipation of the stator windings. Conventionally, as a structure for increasing the output of a vehicle AC generator, the international publication 92/0
6527 is known. In WO92 / 06527, U is inserted into a plurality of slots provided in the stator core.
It has been proposed that a stator winding is formed by inserting character-shaped electric conductors from the same direction and joining them. In this configuration, since the U-shaped electric conductors can be regularly arranged, the electric conductors in the slots can have a high space factor, and thus high output can be achieved.

In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-27406 is known as a structure for improving the cooling efficiency of the stator windings. In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-27406, the coil end of the stator winding is wound in a flat shape so that the surface area of the coil wire is exposed to the maximum with respect to the cooling air.

[0004]

In such a conventional structure, the two coil end groups have substantially the same shape and size, and there is no difference in heat dissipation between the two coil end groups. Therefore, due to the difference in the cooling capacity of the cooling air supplied to the two coil end groups by the vehicle alternator, the heat radiation from the two coil end groups also differs. was there.

For example, in a vehicular AC generator having a rotary drive pulley mounted on the front side and a rectifier mounted on the rear side, the cooling supplied to the coil end group on the rear side by heat generation of the rectifier. There is a problem that the temperature of the wind becomes relatively high, the heat radiation from the coil end group is insufficient, and the temperature of the coil end group rises.
Furthermore, the main body of the engine is located on the rear side of the vehicle alternator, which makes it easy for heat to accumulate. Due to the mounting environment of the vehicle alternator in the engine room, the temperature of the cooling air supplied to the rear coil end group may be relatively high. There is a problem that the heat dissipation from the group is insufficient and the temperature of the coil end group rises.

Such a shortage of heat radiation from the rear coil end group has a problem that the temperature of the entire stator winding rises. In addition, an undesired temperature difference occurs between the two coil end groups. The temperature difference between the two coil end groups also causes a temperature difference between the two housings holding the stator. When the temperature difference becomes excessively large, the two housings are unevenly distorted due to the difference in thermal expansion, which causes problems such as inclination of the rotor rotation axis, increase in magnetic noise, and increase in vibration. It was likely to occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art.
An object is to provide a new and improved vehicle alternator. The present invention provides high cooling performance corresponding to high output,
An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicular AC generator that can be stably exerted without being affected by heat generation of the rectifier and the mounting environment.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automotive alternator in which one of the two coil end groups is improved in heat radiation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle alternator that prevents an excessive temperature difference between two coil end groups. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle AC generator in which the temperature of a coil end group in which a rectifier is arranged in the vicinity is reduced.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 1, the first coil end group is provided.
(31a) is the side where the rectifier (5) is provided
The second coil end group (31b) is arranged on the pulley side.
It is located on the pulley (20) side and forms the stator winding.
The electrical conductor to be connected is a U-shaped small segment (332) tag.
-U-shaped large segment (331)
A base formed so as to surround the turn portion (331c) of the
This segment (33) is regularly placed in the slot (35).
Turn section of large segment (331)
The distance from the stator core (32) of (331c) is a small segment.
Element core (332c) of the turn portion (332c)
(32) is longer than the distance from the first coil end
At least the groups (31a) are axially displaced from each other.
Also has two types of coil ends, and the first coil end group (31a), which is the side on which the rectifier (5) is provided, has an area that receives the cooling air from the blowers (11, 12). A technical means is adopted in which the two-coil end group (31b) is larger than the area that receives the cooling air from the air blowers (11, 12).

[0010] According to the configuration 請 Motomeko 1, first coil end group disposed near the prone rectifier to high temperature by heat generated by the rectifying operation, the cooling air with a larger area than the second coil end group Therefore, the heat dissipation of the first coil end group is relatively high. For this reason,
Even if the temperature of the cooling air sent to the first coil end group fluctuates due to the influence of heat generation of the rectifier, the temperature of the first coil end group is still high due to the high heat dissipation inherent to the first coil end group. The rise is suppressed. Therefore, the temperature rise of the entire stator winding including the coil end can be suppressed.

Moreover, as a result of avoiding the temperature rise of the first coil end group, it is possible to prevent the temperature difference between the first coil end group and the second coil end group from becoming excessively large. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the expansion strain of both housings caused by the temperature difference between the coil end groups, and reduce the magnetic flux strain between the stator and the stator core. As a result, magnetic noise can also be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the first coil end group (31), which is the side provided with the rectifier (5), is also provided.
The projected area from the inner diameter side of the stator core (32) in a) is
The technical means of being larger than the projected area of the second coil end group (31b) is adopted. Note that the projected area from the inner diameter side most significantly affects the heat radiation from the coil end group in combination with the blower that sends cooling air toward the coil end group from the inner diameter side.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the first coil end group arranged near the rectifier, which is apt to be heated to a high temperature due to the heat generated by the rectifying operation, has a larger projected area than the second coil end group, and the cooling air is generated. Therefore, the heat dissipation of the first coil end group is relatively high. Therefore, even if the temperature of the cooling air sent to the first coil end group fluctuates due to the influence of heat generation of the rectifier, the first coil end group originally has a high heat dissipation property, and thus the first coil end group has a high heat dissipation property. The temperature rise of the group is suppressed. Therefore, the temperature rise of the entire stator winding including the coil end can be suppressed.

Moreover, as a result of avoiding the temperature rise of the first coil end group, it is possible to prevent the temperature difference between the first coil end group and the second coil end group from becoming excessively large. Therefore, the expansion strain of the housing caused by the temperature difference between the coil end groups can be reduced, and the magnetic flux strain between the stator and the stator core can be reduced. As a result, magnetic noise can also be reduced.

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

In the invention described in claim 3 , the blower device (1
1, 12) are provided on the rotor (3) arranged so as to face the stator (2), and one axial end of the rotor (3) corresponds to the first coil end group (31a). And a second coil end group (31).
The technical means of having a second blower fan (11) provided at the other axial end of the rotor (3) corresponding to b) is adopted.

In the invention described in claim 4 , the first blower fan is a centrifugal fan (12), and the second blower fan is a mixed flow fan (11). By supplying the cooling air from two paths corresponding to each coil end group, the cooling air can be efficiently supplied. Further, by using the mixed-flow fan (11) as the second blower fan corresponding to the second coil end group (31b), the first coil end group can be set from the side of the second coil end group (31b) having a low temperature. Since cooling air can be supplied to (31a), the cooling performance of the first coil end group (31a) is further improved. Thereby, the first coil end group (31
The temperature difference between a) and the second coil end group (31b) can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the electric conductors forming the stator winding are arranged in the radial direction in the plurality of slots (35) provided in the stator core (32). , The inner and outer middle layers (332a, 332b ') arranged in the radial direction, and these middle layers (332a, 332a, 332b').
332b ') are arranged around the inner and outer end layers (331
a, 331b ′), and a plurality of layers connecting the inner middle layer (332a) and the outer middle layer (332b) located at a predetermined pitch apart on the first coil end group (31a) side. The middle-layer coil end (332c) and the inner end layer (331a) and the outer end layer (3) that are located apart from each other by a predetermined pitch.
31b) and connects to the middle layer coil end (332).
a plurality of end layer coil ends (331c) arranged so as to surround c), and a second coil end group (31
On the b) side, the middle layers (332a, 332b ') and the end layers (331a, 33) located at a predetermined pitch apart from each other.
1b ') forms a plurality of adjacent layer coil ends, and the first coil end group (31a) is a blower device.
The area receiving the cooling air from (11, 12) is the second coil.
The end group (31b) is cooled by the blower (11, 12)
Adopt technical means that it is larger than the area that receives wind .

According to this structure, since the electric conductors are regularly arranged in the slots, the cross-sectional area of the electric conductors can be increased and a structure suitable for high output can be obtained. Moreover, while obtaining a configuration suitable for high output, since the coil ends having two types of shapes are arranged in the first coil end group, the area receiving the cooling air or the projected area from the inner diameter side is set to the second value. It is possible to make it larger than the coil end group.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 adopts a technical means that four or more electric conductors are arranged in the slot (35). By arranging four or more electric conductors per slot (35), the number of turns per slot can be increased, so that it is possible to sufficiently secure the output in the low-speed rotation range necessary for the vehicle AC generator.

The reference numerals in parentheses above indicate the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments to be described later.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The vehicle alternator of the present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. [First Embodiment] Figs. 1 to 8 show a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an automotive alternator, and Figs. 2 to 7 are stators of this embodiment. FIG.

The vehicle alternator 1 supports a stator 2 that functions as an armature, a rotor 3 that functions as a field, and a rotor 3 that supports the rotor 3 and clamps the stator 2 with fastening bolts 4c. Front housing 4a and rear housing 4b, and a rectifier 5 for converting AC power into DC power
It is configured with. The rotor 3 rotates integrally with the shaft 6, and includes a Randell type pole core 7,
A field coil 8, slip rings 9, 10, a mixed flow fan 11 as a blower, and a centrifugal fan 12 are provided. The shaft 6 is connected to the pulley 20 and is rotationally driven by a traveling engine (not shown) mounted on the automobile.

The Landel type pole core 7 is constructed by combining a set of pole cores. The Lundell-type pole core 7 includes a boss portion 71 attached to the shaft 6, a disc portion 72 extending in the radial direction from both ends of the boss portion 71, and
It is composed of two claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 73. The pulley-side mixed flow fan 11 has a blade having an acute angle with respect to the base plate 111 fixed to the end surface of the pole core 7 by welding or the like, and a blade having a right angle. It rotates together with the rotor 3. The centrifugal fan 12 on the opposite side is
A base fixed to the end surface of the pole core 7 by welding or the like.
It has only a blade that is perpendicular to the plate 121.

A suction hole 41 is provided on the axial end surface of the housing 4.
Is provided. The outer circumferential shoulders of the housing 4 are provided with cooling air discharge holes 42 corresponding to the radially outer sides of the first coil end group 31a and the second coil end group 31b of the stator 2. The rectifier 5 is provided at the end portion on the opposite side of the vehicle AC generator 1. Therefore, the first coil end group 31a is arranged in association with the rectifier 5.

The stator 2 includes a stator core 32, a stator winding formed of a plurality of electric conductors arranged in slots 35 formed in the stator core 32, and a stator core 3
An insulator 34 that electrically insulates between 2 and the electric conductor.
Composed of and. Further, the stator core 32 is sandwiched and fixed between the pair of front housing 4a and rear housing 4b. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the stator 2, and FIG. 3 is a segment 33 attached to the stator core 32.
4 is a perspective view showing a schematic shape of FIG. 4 and FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the stator winding for one phase as seen from the inner diameter side of the stator core 32. As shown in FIG. 2, the stator core 32 has a plurality of slots 35 so as to accommodate the multi-phase stator windings.
Are formed. In the present embodiment, the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3 is set to 36 in order to accommodate three-phase stator windings.
Book slots 35 are arranged at equal intervals.

The stator windings provided in the slots 35 of the stator core 32 can be grasped as individual electric conductors, and each of the plurality of slots 35 has an even number (this embodiment). 4 electrical conductors are accommodated. Further, the four electric conductors in one slot are arranged in a row in the order of the inner end layer, the inner middle layer, the outer middle layer, and the outer end layer in the radial direction of the stator core 32. A stator winding is formed by connecting these electric conductors in a predetermined pattern. In the present embodiment, the slot 3
On the side of the first coil end group 31a, one end of the electric conductor in 5 has a continuous wire, and
On the side of the coil end group 31b, the other ends are joined together to be connected.

One electric conductor in each slot is paired with another electric conductor in another slot separated by a predetermined magnetic pole pitch. In particular, in order to secure a gap between the plurality of electric conductors in the coil end portion and arrange them in an aligned manner, the electric conductors of a predetermined layer in one slot are different from those in another slot separated by a predetermined magnetic pole pitch. Is paired with the electrical conductor of the layer.

For example, the electric conductor 331a of the inner end layer in one slot is paired with the electric conductor 331b of the outer end layer in the other slot, which is separated by one magnetic pole pitch in the clockwise direction of the stator core 32. I am doing it. Similarly, the electric conductor 332a of the inner-middle layer in one slot is paired with the electric conductor 332b of the outer-middle layer in the other slot, which is separated by one magnetic pole pitch in the clockwise direction of the stator core 32.

The pair of electric conductors are connected to each other through the turn parts 331c and 332c by using a continuous wire at one end of the stator core 32 in the axial direction. Therefore, at one end of the stator core 32, a continuous wire connecting the electric conductor of the outer middle layer and the electric conductor of the inner middle layer is connected to a continuous wire connecting the electric conductor of the outer end layer and the electric conductor of the inner end layer. The line will be enclosed. Thus, at one end of the stator core 32, the connecting portion of the pair of electric conductors is surrounded by the connecting portion of the other pair of electric conductors accommodated in the same slot. The middle layer coil end is formed by connecting the outer middle layer electric conductor and the inner middle layer electric conductor, and the end layer coil end is formed by connecting the outer end layer electric conductor and the inner end layer electric conductor.

On the other hand, the electric conductor 332a of the inner-middle layer in one slot is 1 in the clockwise direction of the stator core 32.
It also forms a pair with the electric conductor 331a 'of the inner end layer in the other slot, which is separated from the magnetic pole pitch. Similarly, the electric conductor 331b ′ of the outer end layer in one slot is paired with the electric conductor 332b of the outer middle layer in the other slot, which is separated by one magnetic pole pitch in the clockwise direction of the stator core 32. There is. Then, these electric conductors are connected by joining at the other axial end of the stator core 32.

Therefore, at the other end of the stator core 32, the joint for connecting the electric conductor of the outer end layer and the electric conductor of the outer middle layer, the electric conductor of the inner end layer and the electric conductor of the inner middle layer are connected. And a joint portion that connects to each other are arranged in the radial direction. The adjacent layer coil end is formed by the connection between the electric conductor of the outer end layer and the electric conductor of the outer middle layer, and the connection of the electric conductor of the inner end layer and the electric conductor of the inner middle layer.

In this way, at the other end of the stator core 32, the connecting portions of the paired electric conductors are arranged side by side without overlapping. Further, the plurality of electric conductors are provided by a segment formed by forming an electric conductor having a rectangular cross section into a predetermined shape. As shown in FIG. 3, the electric conductor of the inner end layer and the electric conductor of the outer end layer are provided by a large segment 331 formed by forming a series of electric conductors in a substantially U shape. Then, the inner-middle-layer electric conductor and the outer-middle-layer electric conductor are provided by a small segment 332 formed by molding a series of electric conductors into a substantially U-shape.

Large segment 331 and small segment 332
And form a basic segment 33. Then, the basic segments 33 are regularly arranged in the slots 35 to form a coil that makes two turns around the stator core 32. However, the segments and 1 that make up the leader of the stator winding
The turn part that connects the first and second laps is the basic segment 3
3 is composed of odd-shaped segments having different shapes. In the case of this embodiment, the number of odd-shaped segments is three. The connection between the first turn and the second turn is a connection between the end layer and the middle layer, and this connection forms a deformed coil end.

The manufacturing process of the stator winding will be described below.
The basic segment 33 is aligned such that the turn portion 332c of the U-shaped small segment 332 is surrounded by the turn portion 331c of the U-shaped large segment 331, and is inserted from one side of the axial side surface of the stator core 32. . At that time, one electric conductor 331a of the large segment 331 is connected to the stator core 32.
In the inner end layer of one slot, one electric conductor 332a of the small segment 332 is in the inner middle layer of the one slot, and the other electric conductor 331b of the large segment 331 is the one slot of the stator core 32. The other electric conductor of the small segment 332 is also inserted in the outer end layer of the other slot, which is one magnetic pole pitch away from the other in the clockwise direction, in the outer middle layer of the other slot.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, in one slot, from the inner end layer side, the linear portion 331 as the above-mentioned electric conductor is formed.
a, 332a, 332b 'and 331b' are arranged in a line. Here, 332b 'and 331b' are straight portions of large and small segments which are paired with the electric conductors in the other slots which are offset by one magnetic pole pitch. After the insertion, in the second coil end group 31b, the electric conductors located on the end layer side are joined to each other in the joint portion 331d in the direction in which the large segment 331 opens.
The 331e is tilted by 1.5 slots. Then, in the middle-layer electric conductor, the joint portions 332d and 332e are inclined by 1.5 slots in the direction in which the small segment 332 closes.

The above configuration is repeated for all the segments 33 of the slot 35. Then, in the second coil end group 31b, the outer end layer joint 331e ′ and the outer middle layer joint 332e, and the inner middle layer joint 332d and the inner end layer joint 331d ′ are welded, ultrasonically welded, They are joined by means such as arc welding and brazing and are electrically connected.

The turn portion 33 of the large segment 331
The distance from the stator core 32 of 1c is small segment 33
It is longer than the distance from the stator core 32 of the second turn portion 332c. That is, the first coil end group 31a is configured by the middle layer coil end and the end layer coil end that are positioned so as to be displaced from each other in the axial direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the inclination angle of the slanting portion 331 f of the large segment 331 with respect to the slot and the slanting portion 3 of the small segment 332.
It is different from the inclination angle of 32f. Therefore, in the first coil end group 31a, the oblique portion 331f of the large segment 331 and the oblique portion 332f of the small segment 332.
And do not overlap in the radial direction when viewed from the inner diameter side. on the other hand,
In the second coil end group 31b, since the two joint portions are arranged in the radial direction, the oblique portion 331g of the large segment 331 and the oblique portion 332g of the small segment 332 are
Overlapping in the radial direction.

A winding specification diagram for the X phase, which is one of the three-phase windings, will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7.
The outer end layer is shown by a one-dot chain line, the outer middle layer is shown by a broken line, the inner middle layer is shown by a solid line, and the inner end layer is shown by a two-dot chain line. The upper stage is a first coil end group 31a in which turn parts are arranged, and the lower stage is a second coil end group 31b in which joint parts are arranged. Also,
The numbers lined up horizontally in the center of the figure represent slot numbers, and the same applies to other winding specification diagrams.

First, as shown in FIG.
Are arranged at intervals of 1 to 3 of the slot numbers. In the second coil end group 31b, the end portion of the outer-middle-layer electric conductor that has come out from one slot is the outer end layer electricity that comes out from another slot that is one magnetic pole pitch away from the stator core 32 in the clockwise direction. The end portion of the conductor and the end portion of the electric conductor of the inner end layer that has come out from one slot are the electric power of the inner middle layer that comes out from the other slot that is one magnetic pole pitch away from the stator core 32 in the clockwise direction. It is joined to the end of the conductor. And
A two-turn first winding 311 having a double turn per slot is formed.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6, a two-turn second winding 312 having two turns per slot is formed. The winding 311 and the winding 312 of these FIG. 5 and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the end 33m of the first winding 311 and the end 33n of the second winding 312 are connected to each other, and a 4-turn winding 315 is formed per slot.

Here, a segment having a turn portion connecting the end 33m of the first winding 311 and the end 33n of the second winding 312 is different from the large segment 311 and the small segment 312 which are the basic segments 33. The shapes are different. In this X-phase winding, the odd-shaped segment includes a segment having a turn connecting the end 33m of the first winding 311 and an end 33n of the second winding 312, a segment having a winding end X1, and a winding. It is three of the segments having a line end X2.

Similar to the X phase, the Y phase and the Z phase are formed in the slots whose phases are different from each other by 120 degrees. X-phase winding end X1, and Y-phase and Z-phase winding end Y1 not shown,
Z1 is connected to the rectifier 5, and the winding end X2 is connected to Y2 and Z2 (not shown) as a neutral point. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, these three phases are star-connected. In the winding shown in FIG. 7, the winding end X1 connected to the rectifier 5 is taken out in the axial direction from the first coil end group 31a side. [Operation and Effect of First Embodiment] In the present embodiment, the first coil end group 31a is placed on the side opposite to the pulley where the rectifier 5 is provided, and the second coil end group 31b is placed on the opposite side.
It was placed on the side of Ri 20. Therefore, the cooling air sent to the first coil end group 31a by the centrifugal fan 12 has been heated after cooling the rectifier 5.

However, as described above, the oblique portion 331 of the large segment 331 in the first coil end group 31a.
f and the oblique portion 332f of the small segment 332 have different inclination angles. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a set of large and small basic segments 33 inserted in the same slot.
In the turn portion, the oblique portions do not overlap in the radial direction. Therefore, the projected area of the first coil end group 31a from the inner peripheral side of the stator core 32 can be increased, and the cooling air can be positively sent to all the oblique portions. for that reason,
Since the area that receives the cooling air becomes large, the cooling performance of the coil end group 31a can be improved.

The mixed flow fan 11 provided on the pulley 20 side has a blade having an acute angle with respect to the end surface of the pole core 7. Therefore, when the rotor 3 rotates, this blade acts so as to push the cooling air in the axial direction from the side of the pulley 20 having a low temperature. Thereby, the cooling air can be supplied from the side of the pulley 20 having a low temperature to the side of the opposite side of the pulley, so that the cooling performance of the first coil end group 31a can be further improved.

As described above, the rectifier 5 is provided, and it is difficult to efficiently cool the first coil end group 31a.
Can be improved, and as a result, the difference in temperature between the first coil end group 31b and the second coil end group 31b can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the housing from being distorted due to the temperature difference, so that the gap between the outer diameter of the rotor and the inner diameter of the stator core becomes uneven. Then, it is possible to prevent the magnetic flux between the rotor and the stator core from being distorted and magnetic noise from increasing.

Further, the rear housing 4c on the opposite side of the high temperature side is distorted in the circumferential direction, so that the stator core 32
Can be prevented from being insufficiently held, resulting in increased vibration and disconnection of the lead wire from the stator winding, resulting in defective power generation. In addition, since cooling air can generally be made to flow in the axial direction from the side of the pulley 20 having a low ambient temperature, the cooling effect of the field coil 8 is increased by lowering the temperature of the axial air flow. Therefore, the cooling property of the field coil 8 is improved, and the output can be further increased.

Since the stator winding is formed by connecting the electric conductors arranged in the radial direction in the slots 35, the space factor of the electric conductors in the slots 35 can be increased. It is possible to obtain high output.
Further, in the first coil end group 31a, since the turn portion 332c of the small segment 332 is surrounded by the turn portion 331c of the large segment 331, the projected area from the inner diameter side of the stator core 32 is large. It becomes easy to do.

Also, four electrical conductors are provided per slot 35.
By arranging more than one, the target per slot 35
Since the number of motors can be increased, it is possible to sufficiently secure the output in the low speed rotation range required for the vehicle AC generator. Second Embodiment In the first embodiment, the structure of the winding 315 in which the number of electric conductors per slot is four has been shown. However, the demand for increasing the number of electric conductors per slot according to the output characteristics required by the vehicle can be realized as follows.

FIG. 9 shows the first coil end group 31a in the case where the number of electric conductors per slot is eight as an example in which the number of electric conductors per slot is a multiple of four.
3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. In this case, 2 on the outer edge layer side
A plurality of windings similar to those in the first embodiment are formed by sequentially combining a book, two wires on the inner end layer side, and two adjacent wires, and these are connected in series.

Also in this case, the oblique portions of the segments of the first coil end group do not overlap each other as shown in FIG. In addition, in the second coil end group 31b, the four joints are arranged in the radial direction, and the oblique portions of each segment are overlapped in the radial direction. Therefore, the projected area of the first coil end group 31a from the inner peripheral side of the stator core 32 can be made larger than the projected area of the second coil end group 32b. Then, by improving the cooling performance of the first coil end group 31a, the first coil end group 31a
Therefore, the cooling performance of the second coil end group 31b can be equalized. [Third Embodiment] In the first embodiment, the structure of the stator winding in which the number of electric conductors per slot is four is shown.
The number of electrical conductors per slot may be six, and the U-shaped small segment 332 and the middle segment 333 may be radially arranged at one coil end, and one large segment 331 may surround them.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of the first coil end group 31a. From the outer end layer side, the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer, the fifth layer and the sixth layer. And The first layer and the sixth layer form end layers 331a and 331b ', and the second layer and the third layer
The middle layer 332a, 332b 'is formed with the layer, and the other middle layers 333a, 333b' are formed with the fourth layer and the fifth layer.
A turn portion that connects the outermost layers is formed by the first layer and the sixth layer, and a turn portion that connects the second layer and the third layer and a turn portion that connects the fourth layer and the fifth layer is arranged inside thereof. ing.

Also in this case, the oblique portions of the segments of the first coil end group do not overlap with each other, as shown in FIG. In addition, in the second coil end group 31b, the four joints are arranged in the radial direction, and the oblique portions of each segment are overlapped in the radial direction. Therefore, the projected area of the first coil end group 31a from the inner peripheral side of the stator core 32 can be made larger than the projected area of the second coil end group 32b. By improving the cooling performance of the first coil end group 31a, the cooling performance of the first coil end group 31a and the second coil end group 31b can be equalized.

Although the case where the number of conductors is 6 is shown here, even when the number of conductors is 6 + 4N (N: natural number), the inner end layer and the outer end layer are connected at the turn portion, and the others are A similar winding structure can be applied as long as the layers arranged in the radial direction are connected at the turn portion. [Other Embodiments] In the first embodiment, the basic segment 33 has a U-shape in which the turn portion 331c of the large segment 331 surrounds the turn portion 332c of the small segment 332 in the first coil end group 31a. However, it is also possible to insert a rod-shaped segment into the slot 35 and connect the portion that was connected using the continuous line via the turn portion in the first embodiment by joining. In this case, in both coil end groups, the electric conductors are connected by joining to form an electric winding. In the second coil end group 31b, the joints are located side by side in an annular shape of two layers, the inner layer side and the outer layer side, and in the first coil end group 31a, the outer middle layer electrical conductor and the inner middle layer electrical conductor. The joint portion with the conductor is positioned so that the joint portion between the electric conductor of the outer end layer and the electric conductor of the inner end layer surrounds the joint portion.

In the first coil end group 31a, the joint between the electric conductor of the outer middle layer and the electric conductor of the inner middle layer is surrounded by the joint of the electric conductor of the outer end layer and the electric conductor of the inner end layer. In the second coil end group 31b, the outer end layer electric conductor and the outer middle layer electric conductor, and the inner end layer electric conductor and the inner middle layer electric conductor may be connected by continuous lines.

Also in these cases, the first coil end group 3
The projected area of 1a can be made larger than the projected area of the second coil end group 31b. Then, the first coil end group 31a
By improving the cooling performance of the first coil end group 3
It is possible to equalize the cooling properties of 1a and the second coil end group 31b. As the fan on the pulley side, the mixed flow fan 11 having an inclined blade and a right angle blade is used, but the temperature of the cooling air of the first coil end group 31a and the second coil end group 31b, etc. Depending on the environmental conditions of the
It may be an inclined blade or an inclined blade.

In the third embodiment, the large segment 331 surrounds the U-shaped small segment 332 and the middle segment 333. However, the two U-shaped small segments 332 may be surrounded by one large segment 331. In this case, two small segments 3
The turn portions of 32 are positioned in the first coil end group 31a side by side in the radial direction, so that their oblique portions also overlap in the radial direction. However, also in this case, the projected area of the first coil end group 31a from the inner peripheral side of the stator core 32 can be made larger than the projected area of the second coil end group 32b. By improving the cooling performance of the first coil end group 31a, the cooling performance of the first coil end group 31a and the second coil end group 31b can be equalized.

In the above-described embodiment, the rotor 3 has 12 pole claw-shaped magnetic poles and the stator 2 has 36 slots. However, when the number of poles is changed and the number of slots is changed accordingly, the number of slots is changed. Also, a winding structure of a similar form can be applied. For example, the number of slots may be doubled to form two three-phase winding groups, and these outputs may be combined. Further, it is also possible to form one winding by stacking the windings shown in the first to third embodiments in the radial direction of the slot and connecting a plurality of windings formed thereby. . And, the combination of connection when connecting them is arbitrary. That is, depending on the output characteristics required from the vehicle, series connection, parallel connection, or combined series and parallel connection may be used.

In the first embodiment, the lead wire is provided on the first coil end group 31a side, but the lead wire may be provided on the second coil end group 31b, which is the joint side. In such a configuration, the adjacent layer coil ends forming the second coil end group 31b can be two types of coil ends having different axial heights. For example, the plurality of adjacent layer coil ends forming the inner diameter side row can be axially lower than the plurality of adjacent layer coil ends forming the outer diameter side row to achieve an axially offset arrangement.

In the above embodiment, the stator winding is X
Phase, Y phase, Z phase were formed by star-shaped connection, but X phase, Y phase
It may be formed by connecting the phases and the Z phase in a triangular shape. Or 2
When combining the rectified DC outputs using one or more rectifiers, the star connection and the triangle connection may be combined. In the above embodiment, the segment has a rectangular cross section, but at least the straight portion 331 housed in the slot is used.
It is sufficient that a, 331b, 332a and 332b have a rectangular cross section, and the other portions may have a round wire cross section.

In the above embodiment, the stator winding is formed by using the segment. However, the stator winding may be constructed using a continuous wire. Also in that case, the coil end of the first coil end group 31a may be wound in a flat shape so that the area where the first coil end group 31a receives the cooling air is larger than that of the second coil end group 32b, or fixed. If the projected area of the first coil end group 31a from the inner circumference side of the child iron core 32 is made larger than the projected area of the second coil end group 32b, the first coil end group 31a can have the same shape as the first embodiment.
The cooling performance of the coil end group 31a and the second coil end group 31b can be equalized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle AC generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the stator of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a segment of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing how the segments of the first embodiment are attached to the stator core.

FIG. 5 is a partial winding specification diagram of the stator of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partial winding specification diagram of the stator of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a partial winding specification diagram of the stator of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram of a first coil end group of the stator of the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing how the segments of the second embodiment are attached to the stator core.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of a first coil end group of the stator of the third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing how the segments of the third embodiment are attached to the stator core.

[Explanation of symbols]

31a ... 1st coil end group, 31b ... 2nd coil end group, 331 ... Large segment, 332 ... Small segment,
32 ... Stator core

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-187241 (JP, A) JP-A-60-204240 (JP, A) Actual development Sho-63-127265 (JP, U) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 9/00-9/28 H02K 3/00-3/52 H02K 19/00-19/38

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first coil end group having stator windings mounted on a stator core (32), wherein a plurality of coil ends are annularly arranged at both ends of the stator core (32). (31a) and second coil end group (31b)
And a first coil end group (3) of the stator core (32).
1a) a rectifier (5) provided near the first coil end group (31a) and the second coil end group (31b), and a blower (1).
1, 12), the first coil end group (31a) includes the rectifier (5).
Is arranged on the side opposite to the side where the is provided,
The second coil end group (31b) is arranged on the pulley (20) side.
The electric conductors that are installed and form the stator winding are U-shaped small segments.
The turn portion (332c) of the ment (332) has a large U-shape.
The turn part (331c) of the segment (331) surrounds
Regularly form the basic segment (33)
The large segment is arranged in the slot (35).
Stator core of the turn portion (331c) of the rotor (331)
The distance from (32) is the length of the small segment (332).
-Distance of the rotor portion (332c) from the stator core (32)
The first coil end group (31a) becomes longer than the separation.
Are at least two types of
And the first coil end group (31a) has the air blower (1).
Receiving area cooling air from 1,12) is AC vehicle, wherein the second coil end group (31b) is large Kuna' than the area which receives the cooling air from the blower (11, 12) Generator. 2. A first coil end group having stator windings mounted on a stator core (32), wherein a plurality of coil ends are annularly arranged at both ends of the stator core (32). (31a) and second coil end group (31b)
And a first coil end group (3) of the stator core (32).
1a) a rectifier (5) provided near the first coil end group (31a) and the second coil end group (31b) to blow cooling air from the inner diameter side (11, 12) In the vehicle alternator, the first coil end group (31a) is the rectifier (5).
Is arranged on the side opposite to the side where the is provided,
The second coil end group (31b) is arranged on the pulley (20) side.
The electric conductors that are installed and form the stator winding are U-shaped small segments.
The turn portion (332c) of the ment (332) has a large U-shape.
The turn part (331c) of the segment (331) surrounds
Regularly form the basic segment (33)
The large segment is arranged in the slot (35).
Stator core of the turn portion (331c) of the rotor (331)
The distance from (32) is the length of the small segment (332).
-Distance of the rotor portion (332c) from the stator core (32)
The first coil end group (31a) becomes longer than the separation.
Are at least two types of
The stator core (3) has a projection area of the first coil end group (31a) from the inner diameter side of the stator core (32).
2) The second coil end group (31b) from the inner diameter side
Automotive alternator, characterized by that the size Kuna' than the projected area of the. 3. The blower device (11, 12) is provided on a rotor (3) arranged so as to face the stator (2), and corresponds to the first coil end group (31a). A first blower fan (12) provided at one axial end of the rotor (3) and the second coil end group (31).
The vehicle AC according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a second blower fan (11) provided at the other axial end of the rotor (3) corresponding to b). Generator. 4. The centrifugal fan (1)
2), and the second blower fan is a mixed flow fan (1
1) The vehicle alternator according to claim 3 , characterized in that 5. A stator mounted on a stator core (32).
Has a winding, which at both ends of the stator iron core (32)
And a plurality of coil ends are arranged in a ring to form a first coil end.
End group (31a) and second coil end group (31b)
And a first core end group (3) of the stator core (32).
1a) a rectifier (5) provided near the first coil end group (31a) and the second coil
An air blower (1 for flowing cooling air toward the end group (31b))
1, 12), the electric conductor forming the stator winding has a radial direction in a plurality of slots (35) provided in the stator core (32). A plurality of inner and outer middle layers (332a, 332b ') arranged in the radial direction, and inner and outer end layers (331a, 331b') arranged so as to surround these middle layers (332a, 332b '). On the side of the first coil end group (31a), the inner middle layer (332a) and the outer middle layer (3a) are located at a predetermined pitch apart from each other.
32b) and a plurality of middle layer coil ends (332).
c) and the inner end layer (331a) located at a predetermined pitch away from each other.
And an outer end layer (331b) are connected to each other to form a plurality of end layer coil ends (331c) arranged so as to surround the middle layer coil end (332c), and the second coil end group (31b) side In the middle layers (332a, 332) located at a predetermined pitch.
b ′) and a plurality of adjacent layer coil ends connecting the end layers (331a, 331b ′) are formed, and the first coil end group (31a) includes the blower device (1).
The area that receives the cooling air from
End group (31b) from the air blower (11, 12)
Car dual alternator, characterized in that is larger than the area for receiving the cooling air. 6. A claim in said slot (35) in, characterized in that it is arranged the electrical conductor 4 or more 5
The vehicle alternator described in.