JP3431277B2 - X-ray diagnostic equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to exposure from an X-ray tube,
The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus and an X-ray two-dimensional detector for imaging an X-ray transmitted through a subject with a two-dimensional detector.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This X-ray two-dimensional detector has various features such as a smaller size, a longer life, and less distortion in the peripheral area of an image, as compared with the conventional combination of an image intensifier and an image pickup tube. ing. Therefore, even in the field of medical image diagnosis, it is expected from the beginning to improve the diagnostic ability, and it is expected to be put to practical use in the near future.

By the way, many X-ray diagnostic apparatuses are designed to selectively operate in a fluoroscopic mode and an imaging mode. In the fluoroscopic mode, the subject is repeatedly irradiated with pulsed X-rays,
The imaging operation is repeated in synchronization with it, and the motion of the fluoroscopic object can be captured in a moving image. In the imaging mode, a higher dose of pulsed X-rays is applied to the subject than in the fluoroscopic mode, and the imaging operation is performed in synchronization with it, so that a still image (still image) of the imaging target can be captured with high reproducibility.

Therefore, in the perspective mode, temporal resolution is more important than spatial resolution, and a high frame rate of, for example, 30 frames per second is required. In the shooting mode, spatial resolution is more important than temporal resolution.
High definition of 2000 x 2000 pixels is required. There is no two-dimensional detector that can support both of these modes.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to address the above-described circumstances, and its object is to provide a photographing mode (high definition mode) and a fluoroscopic mode (high frame rate mode) with a simple structure. An object is to provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus and an X-ray two-dimensional detector that can be selected.

[0006]

An X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention detects X-rays emitted from an X-ray tube and transmitted through a subject.
In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus for imaging with a two-dimensional detector,
Dimensional detector consists of multiple vertical detectors arranged along the horizontal direction.
Line and each of the vertical lines through a plurality of gates.
Multiple image sensors connected in series and arranged vertically.
A plurality of horizontal lines connected to the plurality of gates,
The signal charges of multiple image sensors are read via the vertical lines.
And a vertical scanning circuit that selects the horizontal line to
The vertical scanning circuit has an odd number among the plurality of horizontal lines.
First shift to select several horizontal lines in succession
A register and a plurality of even-numbered ones of the plurality of horizontal lines
A second shift register for continuously selecting horizontal lines, and
A controller for generating a start pulse and the controller
Of the second shifter and the first shift register selectively
And a switch for connecting to the shift register of
The switch shifts the first shift register to the first shift register.
The second shift register when connected to the second shift register.
Register is activated by the start pulse.
The odd-numbered plurality of horizontal lines by the first shift register
Successive selection of lines followed by the even number of horizontal lines
Are continuously selected, and the controller is controlled by the switch.
Is connected to the second shift register,
The first shift register and the second shift register are
By starting at the same time with the start pulse,
Note that the odd-numbered horizontal lines and the even-numbered horizontal lines are synchronized.
It is characterized in that they are continuously selected . According to the present invention
The two-dimensional X-ray detector is composed of a plurality of units arranged in the horizontal direction.
Vertical lines and a plurality of gates on each of the vertical lines.
And multiple image sensors connected in parallel with each other, and
Multiple horizontal lines in a row and connected to the multiple gates
And the signal charges of the plurality of image pickup devices are passed through the vertical line.
Vertical scan times to select the horizontal line for reading
And a vertical scanning circuit of the plurality of horizontal lines.
The first of which selects a plurality of odd-numbered horizontal lines in succession
A shift register and an even-numbered one of the horizontal lines
Second shift register for continuously selecting a plurality of horizontal lines
And a controller that generates a start pulse, and
Selectively before the controller and before Symbol first shift register
And a switch for connecting to the second shift register
And having the switch causes the first shift register to
When connected to the second shift register, the second
The shift register of is activated by the start pulse.
The odd-numbered plurality by the first shift register
Followed by successive selection of horizontal lines
Select the horizontal line continuously and use the switch to
When the tracker is connected to the second shift register,
The first shift register and the second shift register.
And the starter are activated at the same time by the start pulse.
By the odd-numbered horizontal lines and the even-numbered horizontal lines
Are continuously selected in synchronization with each other .

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

According to the present invention, the first shift is performed by the switch.
When the register is connected to the second shift register,
The second shift register is activated by the start pulse
Of the odd-numbered horizontal lines by the first shift register
Successive selection followed by multiple horizontal lines of even number
Since this is selected, each signal charge is individually read, and a high-definition image is obtained. At this time, the second shift register
It is tied in series via the switch to the first shift register, by being driven by the end of the operation of the first shift register
Since the second shift register is activated, there is no need to individually control the activation timing of each of the first and second shift registers, the control complexity is eliminated, and there is a timing shift. Wiped out. Also, the switch controls
When the roller is connected to the second shift register, the first
Start shift register and second shift register
Odd number horizontal due to simultaneous activation by pulse
Lines and even horizontal lines are continuously selected in synchronization
Therefore, the charges are read out synchronously from two adjacent horizontal lines.
And thus a high frame rate is achieved.

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a two-dimensional detector in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first embodiment, which is shown as a 4 × 4 pixel matrix. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the vertical scanning circuit of FIG.
It is shown corresponding to a × 8 pixel matrix.

The X-ray diagnostic apparatus is constructed as follows. An X-ray tube that irradiates X-rays, a phosphor thin plate, and a scintillator are arranged to face each other with a subject in between. The X-ray image transmitted through the subject is once converted into a light image (optical image) by a phosphor thin plate, a scintillator, or the like. This optical image is formed on the imaging surface of the two-dimensional detector via the optical lens system. The two-dimensional detector has, for example, an image pickup surface of 30 cm × 30 cm. When the two-dimensional detector is placed in close contact with the back surface (light output surface) of the phosphor thin plate or the scintillator, an optical lens system is not necessary, and the optical image from the phosphor thin plate or the scintillator is displayed on the two-dimensional detector. It will be sent directly. The two-dimensional detector captures an optical image and outputs it as an electric signal to an output device for displaying and storing. The optical image may be guided to the two-dimensional detector through a microchannel plate or a parallel plate type image intensifier that amplifies the optical image from the phosphor thin film or the scintillator.

As shown in FIG. 1, this two-dimensional detector adopts an address selective reading method, and a plurality of address lines are arranged in a grid pattern. That is, a plurality of (here, four) vertical lines VL and a plurality of (here, four) horizontal lines HL are wired so as to intersect with each other, and a certain vertical line VL and a certain horizontal line HL are selected. Thus, it is possible to read out the signal charge of an arbitrary image sensor. One image sensor is arranged at each intersection of the vertical line VL and the horizontal line HL. This image sensor array is formed on a thin film of amorphous silicon or polycrystalline silicon. Each image sensor includes a photodiode PD and a photodiode PD.
And a vertical gate. The capacitors C in the same column are connected to the same vertical line VL via their respective vertical gates. The vertical gate is
Specifically, it is a MOS type thin film transistor (hereinafter simply referred to as transistor) TR. Each vertical line VL is connected to one output line OUTL via each horizontal gate. The horizontal gate is specifically a MOS type thin film transistor (hereinafter simply referred to as transistor) TS.

The vertical scanning circuit VSC applies a voltage that changes every horizontal period to the transistors TR of each row via the horizontal line HL. That is, the vertical scanning circuit VSC controls opening / closing of the transistors TR in units of rows. The horizontal scanning circuit HSC sequentially applies a voltage to the transistors TR (horizontal gate) of each column during one horizontal period. As a result, the signal charges accumulated in the image pickup device specified in the row to which the voltage is applied by the vertical scanning circuit VSC and the column to which the voltage is applied by the horizontal scanning circuit HSC are sequentially output to the outside via the output line OUTL. Is output.

The vertical scanning circuit VSC, as shown in FIG.
The multistage first shift register SFT1 and the multistage second shift register SFT2 are connected in series via the switch 1. The first shift register SFT1 sequentially drives the horizontal lines HL of odd rows. The second shift register SFT2 sequentially drives the horizontal lines HL in even rows. The first shift register SFT1 synchronizes with a horizontal synchronizing signal from a clock oscillation circuit (not shown), and the horizontal lines HL of odd-numbered rows.
1, HL3, HL5, HL7 are applied with a voltage (gate voltage), so that the horizontal lines HL1, HL3, HL of odd-numbered rows are applied.
5, the transistors TR connected to HL7 are sequentially turned on. The second shift register SFT2 receives the horizontal lines HL2 and HL in even rows according to the same horizontal synchronization signal.
4, a voltage (gate voltage) is sequentially applied to HL6 and HL6, so that the horizontal lines HL2, HL4 and HL of even rows are applied.
6, the transistors TR connected to HL8 are sequentially turned on. The first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2 are activated by receiving a start pulse.

A start pulse is supplied from the controller 2 to the first shift register SFT1. A start pulse is selectively supplied to the second shift register SFT2 from either the controller 2 or the first shift register SFT1 according to the connection switching of the switch 1 following the selection of the operation mode. From the first shift register SFT1, the voltage change of the horizontal line HL7 driven last is supplied to the second shift register SFT2 as a start pulse. The switching of the switch 1 is controlled by the controller 2. The controller 2 has a mode switching operation section 3 for the operator to switch between the transparent mode (high frame rate mode) and the photographing mode (high definition mode).
Are connected. The controller 2 switches the switch 1 to the first shift register SFT1 when the shooting mode is selected.
And the first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2 are operated in series.
At this time, the start pulse from the controller 2 is supplied only to the first shift register SFT1 and is not supplied to the second shift register SFT2. Controller 2
Connects the switch 1 to the controller 2 side (B side) when the perspective mode is selected, and the first shift register S
The FT1 and the second shift register SFT2 are simultaneously operated in parallel. For this purpose, the first shift register SF
A vertical synchronizing signal is simultaneously supplied as a start pulse to T1 and the second shift register SFT2.

Under the perspective mode, the start pulse from the controller 2 is synchronized with the vertical synchronizing signal so that the first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2 are synchronized.
And the first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2 simultaneously start the horizontal line selection operation. As a result, the signal charges of the two image pickup elements in the same column and adjacent rows are simultaneously charged with the vertical line VL.
Read out and is analog-added (vertical addition).

Under the photographing mode, the start pulse from the controller 2 is not supplied to the second shift register SFT2. The voltage change of the horizontal line HL7 driven last by the first shift register SFT1 is transmitted as a start pulse to the second shift register SFT2 via the switch 1. As a result, after the horizontal line selecting operation of all stages of the first shift register SFT1 is completed, the horizontal line selecting operation of the second shift register SFT2 is continuously started.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the driving order of the horizontal lines HL1 to HL8 in the perspective mode, and FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the driving order of the horizontal lines HL1 to HL8 in the photographing mode. In both figures, VP indicates a vertical cycle and HP indicates a horizontal cycle.

When the fluoroscopic mode is selected via the mode switching operation section 3, the controller 2 connects the switch 1 to the controller 2 side (B side). The start pulse from the controller 2 is synchronized with the vertical synchronizing signal so that the first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2
And be supplied at the same time. As a result, the first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2 simultaneously start the horizontal line selection operation.

By the first shift register SFT1, horizontal lines HL1, HL3, HL5, H of odd-numbered gate voltages are provided.
The voltage is continuously applied to L7 sequentially in each horizontal period. Further, the second shift register SFT2 continuously applies the gate voltage to the horizontal lines HL2, HL4, HL6, and HL8 of the even-numbered rows for each horizontal period.

Therefore, the signal charges of two image pickup devices on the same vertical line VL and connected to two adjacent horizontal lines HL, that is, the signal charges of two image pickup devices in the same column and adjacent rows are concerned. Added on the vertical line VL.

During each horizontal period, the gate voltage is sequentially applied to each transistor TS from the horizontal scanning circuit HSC. As a result, the signal charges added on each vertical line VL are sequentially output to the outside through the output line OUTL in a time series during the horizontal period.

As described above, in the perspective mode, two signal charges that are vertically adjacent to each other are added and read, so that the frame rate is doubled in principle when each signal charge is read individually, and the time resolution is improved. The movement of the inspection object can be detected with high accuracy.

When the photographing mode is selected through the mode switching operation unit 3, the controller 2 causes the switch 1 to be set to the first position.
Of the shift register SFT1 side (A side). A start pulse is supplied from the controller 2 to the first shift register SFT1 in synchronization with the vertical synchronization signal. As a result, the first shift register SFT1 starts the horizontal line selection operation.

By the first shift register SFT1, the horizontal lines HL1, HL3, HL5 of the odd-numbered gate voltage lines are provided.
It is applied to HL7 in order. During the horizontal period, the gate voltage is sequentially applied to each transistor TS from the horizontal scanning circuit HSC. As a result, the signal charges of the image pickup devices in each odd-numbered row are sequentially output to the outside via the output line OUTL in a time series during the horizontal period.

The voltage change of the horizontal line HL7 driven last by the first shift register SFT1 is transmitted as a start pulse to the second shift register SFT2 via the switch 1. Thereby, the second shift register SFT
2 starts the horizontal line selection operation.

By the second shift register SFT2, the horizontal lines HL2, HL4, HL6 having even-numbered gate voltages are provided.
It is applied to HL8 in order. During the horizontal period, the gate voltage is sequentially applied to each transistor TS from the horizontal scanning circuit HSC. As a result, the signal charges of the image pickup devices in each even-numbered row are sequentially output to the outside through the output line OUTL in time series during the horizontal period.

As described above, since each signal charge is individually read by the interlaced scanning, the number of pixels is doubled as compared with the case of the fluoroscopic mode, and an optical image is captured with high precision. Also, the first
Of the horizontal line H last driven by the shift register SFT1 of
Since the voltage change of L7 is used as the start pulse of the second shift register SFT2, the controller 2 makes the first pulse.
Shift register SFT1 and second shift register SF
There is no need to control the operation start timing with T2, and furthermore, the deviation of the activation timing between the first shift register SFT1 and the second shift register SFT2 can be reliably eliminated. In the high-definition mode, it is necessary to rearrange the pixels to form an image after reading all pixels, but this technique is well known in digital scan converters and the like, and is not the gist of the present invention. The description is omitted.

In this embodiment, the so-called two-row addition in which two vertically adjacent signal charges are added has been described in the above description, but the present invention can be easily applied to addition of three or more rows. FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a vertical scanning circuit obtained by modifying FIG. 2 into four-row addition. As shown in FIG. 5, a vertical scanning circuit corresponding to addition of a plurality of rows can be realized by connecting shift registers according to the number of added rows through switches and adding them. Further, in the above description, the signal charges of two rows that are vertically adjacent are added, but the addition direction may be the horizontal direction. The horizontal scanning circuit in this case can be easily realized by connecting the amplifier output of the vertical scanning circuit of FIG. 2 to the gate of the transistor TS (horizontal gate). Further, by using the horizontal scanning circuit and the vertical scanning circuit together, it is possible to easily modify the method to add the signal charges (local n × n pixels) of a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows.

Next, a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a two-dimensional detector according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a detailed circuit diagram of the one-pixel image pickup device of FIG. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the multiplexer circuit of FIG. In the following description, as in the first embodiment, an example in which the two-dimensional detector according to the present embodiment is applied to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus will be described. The configuration of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus has already been described in the first embodiment, and therefore its explanation is omitted here.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the two-dimensional detector according to this embodiment, a plurality of vertical lines VL and a plurality of horizontal lines H are used.
L is crossed and wired. The plurality of image pickup elements IE in the same row are connected to different vertical lines VL via transistors TR. Each horizontal line HL is commonly connected to the gates of the transistors TR in the same row. The vertical scanning circuit VSC sequentially applies a gate voltage to a plurality of horizontal lines HL one by one in each horizontal period, simultaneously turns on all the transistors TR commonly connected to the same horizontal line HL, and performs a plurality of imaging in the same row. The signal charges of the element IE are input to separate buffers B via the corresponding vertical lines VL.

The odd-numbered vertical lines VL are individually connected to different input terminals of the multiplexer MUX1 via the buffer B. The output line OUTL is connected to the output terminal of the multiplexer MUX1. Multiplexer M
The UX 1 switches connection between one of a plurality of input terminals, here four input terminals, and one output terminal according to a select signal of a plurality of bits, here two bits, from the counter 4. A 2-bit select signal is sequentially output from the counter 4 in accordance with a clock pulse output from the clock oscillation circuit, with "00", "01", "10", and "11" as one cycle. The reset of the cycle of the select signal is performed by the reset pulse from the controller 2.

For example, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the first column by the select signal "00" is conducted to the output line OUTL, and the signal charge of the image pickup device of the first column is output line OUT.
It is output to the outside via L. The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the third column by the select signal “01” outputs the output line O.
The signal charge of the image pickup device in the third column is output to the outside through the output line OUTL. The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the fifth column by the select signal "10"
Are conducted to the output line OUTL, and the signal charges of the image sensor in the fifth column are output to the outside via the output line OUTL. The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the seventh column is conducted to the output line OUTL by the select signal “11”, and the signal charge of the image sensor of the seventh column is output to the outside via the output line OUTL.

The vertical lines VL in the even-numbered columns are individually connected via buffers B to different input terminals of the multiplexer MUX2. The output line OUTL is connected to the output terminal of the multiplexer MUX2. Multiplexer M
The UX 2 switches connection between one of a plurality of input terminals, here four input terminals, and one output terminal according to a select signal of a plurality of bits, here two bits, from the counter 5.

For example, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the second column by the select signal "00" is conducted to the output line OUTL, and the signal charge of the image pickup device of the second column is output line OUT.
It is output to the outside via L. The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the fourth column by the select signal “01” outputs the output line O.
The signal charges of the image pickup devices in the fourth column are output to the outside via the output line OUTL. Buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the sixth column by the select signal "10"
Are conducted to the output line OUTL, and the signal charges of the image sensor in the sixth column are output to the outside via the output line OUTL. The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL in the eighth column is conducted to the output line OUTL by the select signal “11”, and the signal charge of the image sensor in the eighth column is output to the outside via the output line OUTL.

Such horizontal scanning is performed by the vertical scanning circuit VSC.
By performing the operation for each row based on the output of, the signal charge of each image sensor is sequentially output to the outside via the output line OUTL.

When the switch 7 is connected to the counter 4 side (B terminal), the counter 4 and the counter 5 are connected via the delay circuit 6. The carry signal of the counter 4 (the output becomes “1” when the value of the counter 4 reaches the final value) is supplied as a reset pulse to the counter 5 after being delayed by the horizontal cycle in the delay circuit 6. As a result, the counter 5 starts counting after the counter 4 has finished counting.

The switch 7 is on the controller 2 side (A terminal)
, The counter 4 and the counter 5 are independent of each other, and the reset pulse is supplied from the controller 2 to the counter 4. The controller 2 supplies the reset pulse to the counter 4 and the counter 5 at the same time.
As a result, the counter 4 and the counter 5 synchronously output the same select signal to the multiplexers MUX1 and MUX2. Accordingly, the vertical line VL of the first column
And the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the second column are simultaneously conducted to the output line OUTL,
The signal charges of the image pickup devices in the same row in the adjacent columns are simultaneously read to the output line OUTL, analog-added by the output line OUTL, and output to the outside. Similarly, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the third column and the vertical line V of the fourth column
The buffer B connected to L is simultaneously conducted to the output line OUTL, and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the fifth column and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the sixth column are simultaneously output. The buffer B connected to the line OUTL and connected to the vertical line VL of the seventh column and the vertical line VL of the eighth column
To the output line OUTL at the same time, and the signal charges of the image pickup devices in the adjacent rows in the same row are simultaneously read out to the output line OUTL.
It is analog-added by TL and output to the outside.

The controller 2 includes a mode selection operation unit 3
When the perspective mode (high frame rate mode) is selected, the switch 7 is connected to the controller 2 side (A terminal), and the reset pulse is supplied to the counter 4 and the counter 5 according to the horizontal synchronizing signal from the oscillation circuit (not shown). Repeatedly output to. Further, when the shooting mode (high-definition mode) is selected by the mode selection operation unit 3, the controller 2 connects the switch 7 to the counter 4 side and outputs a reset pulse according to a horizontal synchronization signal from an oscillation circuit (not shown). It is repeatedly output to the counter 4.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing the driving order of the vertical lines VL1 to VL8 in the perspective mode, and FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing the driving order of the vertical lines VL1 to VL8 in the photographing mode. In both figures, CK indicates a clock cycle, and Z indicates a high impedance state of the multiplexers MUX1 and MUX2.

When the fluoroscopic mode is selected from the mode switching operation section 3, the controller 2 connects the switch 7 to the controller 2 side (A terminal). The reset pulse is supplied from the controller 2 to the counters 4 and 5 in synchronization with the horizontal synchronizing signal. This makes counters 4, 5
Sequentially output select signals in synchronization with each other. This allows
The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the first column and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the second column are simultaneously output line O.
The signal charges of the image pickup devices in the adjacent columns and in the same row are simultaneously read out to the output line OUTL.
The output line OUTL is used for analog addition, that is, two adjacent vertical lines VL are connected to the same horizontal line HL.
The signal charges of the two image pickup devices are added (horizontal addition) and output to the outside. Similarly, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the third column and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the fourth column are simultaneously conducted to the output line OUTL, and the fifth line
The buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the column and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the sixth column are simultaneously output line OUT.
Further, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the seventh column and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the eighth column are simultaneously connected to the output line OUTL and are adjacent columns. The signal charges of the image pickup devices in the same row are simultaneously output line O.
It is read to the UTL and analog addition is performed on the output line OUTL.
That is, the signal charges of two image pickup elements on two adjacent vertical lines VL and connected to the same horizontal line HL are added (horizontal addition) and output to the outside.

As described above, in the perspective mode, two signal charges that are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are added and read, so that the frame rate is doubled in principle when the signal charges on each horizontal line HL are read separately. By increasing the time resolution, it is possible to detect the movement of the inspection object with high accuracy.

When the photographing mode is selected from the mode switching operation section 3, the controller 2 connects the switch 7 to the counter 4 side (B terminal). The reset pulse is supplied from the controller 2 to the counter 4 in synchronization with the horizontal synchronizing signal. The carry signal of the counter 4 is supplied as a reset pulse to the counter 5 after being delayed by one clock in the delay circuit 6. As a result, the counter 5 starts counting after the counter 4 has finished counting.

That is, the select signal is sequentially output from "00" at the timing when the reset pulse is supplied from the counter 4. As a result, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the first column is conducted to the output line OUTL via the multiplexer MUX1, and the signal charge is output.
And is output to the outside. Similarly, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the third column, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the fifth column, and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the seventh column respectively connect multiplexer MUX1. It is electrically connected to the output line OUTL via the output line OUTL, and the signal charges of the image pickup device in each column are read out to the output line OUTL and output to the outside.

The carry signal from the counter 4 is supplied as a reset pulse to the counter 5 after being delayed by the delay circuit 6 by the same delay time DT as one clock period. The counter 5 sequentially outputs the select signal from "00" at the timing when the reset pulse is supplied. As a result, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the second column is conducted to the output line OUTL via the multiplexer MUX2, and the signal charge of the image sensor of the column is read to the output line OUTL and output to the outside. It Similarly, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the fourth column, the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the sixth column, and the buffer B connected to the vertical line VL of the eighth column respectively connect multiplexer MUX2. It is electrically connected to the output line OUTL via the output line OUTL, and the signal charges of the image pickup device in each column are read out to the output line OUTL and output to the outside.

When the multiplexer MUX1 is operating in this photographing mode, a high impedance control signal is supplied from the controller 2 to the multiplexer MUX2, the multiplexer MUX2 is set to the high impedance state Z, and the multiplexer MUX2 and the output line are set. This is equivalent to the state where OUTL is disconnected. Similarly, when the multiplexer MUX2 is operating, a high impedance control signal is supplied from the controller 2 to the multiplexer MUX1, the multiplexer MUX1 is set to the high impedance state Z, and the multiplexer MU is set.
This is equivalent to the state where X1 and the output line OUTL are disconnected.

Since each signal charge is read out separately in this manner, the number of pixels is doubled as compared with the case of the perspective mode, and an optical image is captured with high precision. Further, since the carry signal from the counter 4 is sent to the counter 5 as a reset pulse after being delayed by the horizontal period, it is not necessary for the controller 2 to control the time difference between the two counters 4 and 5, and the counters 4 and 5 can be further controlled. The deviation of the start timing is surely eliminated.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be implemented with various modifications. First Embodiment and Second Above
By applying the embodiment to the same two-dimensional detector, it is possible to obtain two in each of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in the perspective mode.
The signal charges of the two image pickup devices can be added and output. In this case, the frame rate is theoretically quadrupled as compared with the shooting mode, and the temporal resolution can be further improved to detect the motion of the inspection object with high accuracy. Further, in the above, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus has been mainly described as an example,
The invention can be realized by the X-ray two-dimensional detector alone, and the X-ray two-dimensional detector can be applied to various fields.

[0051]

According to the present invention, the first switch is provided by the switch.
When the shift register is connected to the second shift register
The second shift register is activated by the start pulse.
Multiple odd numbered waters with moving first shift register
Successive selection of flat lines followed by even horizontal lines
Since the signals are continuously selected, each signal charge is individually read, and a high-definition image is obtained. At this time, the second shift register are connected in series via the switch to the first shift register, the second shift register being driven by the end of the operation of the first shift register is activated, the first ,
It is not necessary to individually control the activation timing of each second shift register, the control complexity is eliminated, and the timing shift is eliminated. Also, with the switch
When the controller is connected to the second shift register
The first shift register and the second shift register
Odd number by starting at the same time by the start pulse
Eye horizontal lines and even-numbered horizontal lines are synchronized and continuously selected.
Since it is selected, the charge is synchronized from two adjacent horizontal lines.
Is read out, thereby achieving a high frame rate
It

[0052]

[0053]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a two-dimensional detector according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the vertical scanning circuit of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the operation of the vertical scanning circuit in the perspective mode.

FIG. 4 is a time chart showing the operation of the vertical scanning circuit in a shooting mode.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a two-dimensional detector according to a second embodiment.

7 is a detailed circuit diagram of the image sensor of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the multiplexer circuit of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a time chart showing the operation of the multiplexer circuit in the perspective mode.

FIG. 10 is a time chart showing the operation of the multiplexer circuit in the shooting mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

VSC ... vertical scanning circuit, HSC ... horizontal scanning circuit, VL ...
Vertical line, HL ... Horizontal line, PD ... Photodiode, OU
TL ... Output line.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An X-ray tube that is exposed and penetrates an object.
In X-ray diagnostic equipment that captures captured X-rays with a two-dimensional detector
The two-dimensional detector is connected to a plurality of vertical lines arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of gates connected to each of the plurality of vertical lines.
And a plurality of image pickup devices arranged in a vertical direction and connected to the plurality of gates.
The plurality of horizontal lines and the signal charges of the plurality of image pickup devices via the vertical lines.
A vertical scanning circuit for selecting the horizontal line for reading
And the vertical scanning circuit continuously connects an odd number of horizontal lines among the plurality of horizontal lines.
The first shift register that is selectively selected and the even-numbered horizontal lines among the horizontal lines
Second shift register that is selectively selected, a controller that generates a start pulse, and the controller and the first shift register
Switch for electrically connecting to the second shift register.
And a switch for switching the first shift register to the first shift register.
The second shift register when connected to the second shift register.
Register is activated by the start pulse.
The odd-numbered plurality of horizontal lines by the first shift register
Successive selection of lines followed by the even number of horizontal lines
Are continuously selected, and the controller is controlled by the switch.
Is connected to the second shift register,
The first shift register and the second shift register are
By starting at the same time with the start pulse,
Note that the odd-numbered horizontal lines and the even-numbered horizontal lines are synchronized.
The X-ray diagnostic apparatus is characterized in that it is continuously selected . 2. A plurality of verticals arranged along a horizontal direction.
And a plurality of gates connected to each of the vertical lines.
And a plurality of image pickup devices arranged in a vertical direction and connected to the plurality of gates.
The plurality of horizontal lines and the signal charges of the plurality of image pickup devices via the vertical lines.
A vertical scanning circuit for selecting the horizontal line for reading
And the vertical scanning circuit continuously connects an odd number of horizontal lines among the plurality of horizontal lines.
The first shift register that is selectively selected and the even-numbered horizontal lines among the horizontal lines
Second shift register that is selectively selected, a controller that generates a start pulse, and the controller and the first shift register
Switch for electrically connecting to the second shift register.
And a switch for switching the first shift register to the first shift register.
The second shift register when connected to the second shift register.
Register is activated by the start pulse.
The odd-numbered plurality of horizontal lines by the first shift register
Successive selection of lines followed by the even number of horizontal lines
Are continuously selected, and the controller is controlled by the switch.
Is connected to the second shift register,
The first shift register and the second shift register are
By starting at the same time with the start pulse,
Note that the odd-numbered horizontal lines and the even-numbered horizontal lines are synchronized.
-Dimensional X-ray detection characterized by continuous and continuous selection
Bowl .