JP3429501B2 - Work vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a working vehicle such as a combine. [0002] Conventionally, a continuously variable transmission member for transmitting the engine power to the left and right traveling parts and a steering for decelerating the traveling part inside the turning and increasing the speed of the traveling part outside the turning. When the member is provided, the straight running performance is maintained well, the steering operability is improved, and the turning radius can be easily reduced.However, the running speed is kept substantially constant between straight running and turning, and the turning radius is maintained. When performing a small spin turn operation, it is necessary to perform a deceleration operation with a manual transmission to reduce the traveling speed according to the turning radius, and to perform a turning operation and a traveling speed change operation when turning in a field headland or the like. You need to do both,
For example, there is a problem in that it is not easy to improve driving operability such as turning in a small turning radius such as a spin turn. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a continuously variable transmission member for transmitting a driving force of an engine to a left and right traveling portion via a transmission case, and a manual transmission for controlling the continuously variable transmission member. A speed change mechanism for controlling the speed of the left and right running parts by operating the steering device, a steering hydraulic pump, a steering member including a steering hydraulic motor driven by the pump, and a manual steering device for the steering member. And a speed reduction mechanism for connecting a manual steering device to the speed change mechanism. The steering hydraulic pump and a steering device driven by the pump are provided in accordance with the amount of operation of the manual steering device. The speed of the hydraulic motor is increased, and the output of the continuously variable transmission member for shifting the driving force of the engine to the left and right traveling units is reduced. Process A spin turn operation with a small turning radius to change the direction toward the position etc. can be smoothly performed only by a continuous series of steering operations, for example, a turning radius such as a spin turn necessary for work performed by reciprocating traveling is small Direction change can be easily performed, and simplification of driving operation such as work performed by reciprocating traveling and improvement of operability, and improvement of turning traveling function of traveling section such as traveling crawler that does not perform steering operation can be easily achieved. Things. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a traveling speed change and steering operation unit, FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the combine, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the combine, (1) is a track frame on which a traveling crawler (2) is mounted, (3) is a machine frame installed on the track frame (1), (4) is a threshing machine which stretches a feed chain (5) to the left side and incorporates a handling cylinder (6) and a processing cylinder (7). A certain threshing unit, (8) a cutting unit provided with a cutting blade (9) and a grain culm transport mechanism (10), (11) a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the cutting unit (8) via a cutting frame (12), (13) a straw processing unit that faces the end of the straw chain (14), (15) a grain tank that carries the grains from the threshing unit (4) through a fryer (16), (17) Is a discharge auger for carrying out the grains of the tank (15) outside the machine,
(18) is a round steering handle (19) and a driver's seat (2)
An operation cabin provided with 0) and the like, and (21) is an engine provided below the operation cabin (18), is configured to continuously cut and thresh grain culm. As shown in FIG. 4, the traveling crawler (2)
The transmission case (22) for driving the vehicle is a traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (25) which is a main transmission mechanism including a pair of a first hydraulic pump (23) and a first hydraulic motor (24).
And a turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (28), which is a steering mechanism including a pair of second hydraulic pumps (26) and a second hydraulic motor (27), and an output of the engine (21). The input shaft (23) of the first hydraulic pump (23) is connected to the shaft (21a).
a) is linked via a transmission belt (29), and the input shaft (26a) of the second hydraulic pump (26) is connected via the transmission belt (30) to the input shaft (23a) of the first hydraulic pump (23). It is linked and linked. [0006] An output shaft (31) of the first hydraulic motor (24) is provided with an auxiliary transmission mechanism (32) and a differential mechanism (3).
3) The driving wheels (34) of the traveling crawler (2) are interlocked via 3). The differential mechanism (33) has a pair of symmetrical planetary gear mechanisms (35) and (35). The planetary gear mechanism (35) includes one sun gear (36) and three planetary gears (3) meshing on the outer periphery of the sun gear (36).
7) and a ring gear (38) meshing with these planetary gears (37). The planetary gear (37) is rotatably supported on a carrier (41) of a carrier shaft (40) on a coaxial line with a sun gear shaft (39), and sandwiches left and right sun gears (36) and (36). The left and right carriers (41) are arranged facing each other, the ring gear (38) has internal teeth meshing with each planetary gear (37), and is arranged coaxially with the sun gear shaft (39).
0) is rotatably supported. [0008] A hydraulic stepless speed change mechanism (2) for traveling.
5) Controlling the forward / reverse rotation and rotation speed of the first hydraulic motor (24) by adjusting the angle change of the rotary swash plate of the first hydraulic pump (23), and the rotation output of the first hydraulic motor (24). From the transmission gear (42) of the output shaft (31) to each gear (4
3) A center gear (46) fixed to the sun gear shaft (39) via (44) (45) and the auxiliary transmission mechanism (32).
To rotate the sun gear (36). The auxiliary transmission mechanism (32) includes an auxiliary transmission shaft (47) having the gear (45) and a vehicle speed sensor shaft (49) having a gear (48) meshing with the center gear (46). A pair of low-speed gears (50) and (48) and a medium-speed gear (51) between the shaft (47) and the sensor shaft (49).
(52) -High speed gears (53) and (54) are provided to enable switching between low speed, medium speed and high speed by sliding operation of the gear (51) at the center position. The sensor shaft (49) has a vehicle speed detecting gear (5).
5) and a vehicle speed sensor (56) for detecting the vehicle speed from the rotation speed of the gear (55). In addition, the PTO of the PTO shaft (57) that transmits the rotational force to the work equipment, etc.
The output shaft (31) is linked to the input gear (58) via a PTO transmission gear mechanism (59). The first hydraulic motor (24) transmitted to the sun gear shaft (39) via the center gear (46).
Is transmitted to the carrier shaft (40) through the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (35), and the rotation transmitted to the carrier shaft (40) is transmitted to the pair of left and right reduction gears (6).
0) and (61) to the left and right wheel shafts (34a) of the left and right drive wheels (34), respectively. Further, a hydraulic stepless speed change mechanism for turning (2)
8) The forward / reverse rotation of the second hydraulic motor (27) and the control of the rotation speed are performed by adjusting the angle change of the rotary swash plate of the second hydraulic pump (26), and the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor (27) is controlled. The rotation output is transmitted from the output gear of (62) to the input gears (65a) and (65b) of the turning input shaft (64) via the gear transmission mechanism (63), and the outer teeth of the left ring gear (38) are Directly and to the external teeth of the right ring gear (38) via the reverse rotation gear (67) of the reverse rotation shaft (66), the right and left ring gears (38) are rotated when the second hydraulic motor (27) rotates forward. ) Are configured to rotate the left gear (38) in the reverse direction and the right gear (38) in the forward direction at the same left and right rotation speeds. When the driving of the first hydraulic motor (24) for driving is stopped while the driving of the second hydraulic motor (27) for turning is stopped and the left and right ring gears (38) are stationary. The rotation output from the first hydraulic motor (24) is transmitted from the center gear (46) to the left and right sun gears (36) at the same speed, and the planetary gears (37) and the carrier (41) of the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (35) and the reduction gear. Gear (60)
(61) is transmitted to the left and right wheel sets (34a) at the same rotational speed in the same rotational direction in the left and right directions, so that the aircraft travels straight forward and backward. On the other hand, when the driving of the first hydraulic motor (24) for driving is stopped and the left and right sun gears (36) are stationary and fixed, the second hydraulic motor for turning (27) is driven forward and reverse to rotate the left and right sun gears (36). The planetary gear mechanism (35) rotates in reverse or forward,
In addition, the right planetary gear mechanism (35) rotates forward or reverse to make the driving direction of the left and right traveling crawlers (2) forward and backward, thereby causing the airframe to spin left or right on the spot. When the first hydraulic motor (24) for driving is driven and the second hydraulic motor (27) for turning is driven to turn the body left and right, turning with a large turning radius is enabled. The turning radius is determined according to the speed of the left and right traveling crawlers (2). As shown in FIGS. 1, 5 to 12, a main transmission lever (68) connected to the traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (25) and a turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (28). )
And a steering handle (19), which is linked to the gearshift and turning interlocking mechanism (69), which is an interlocking means, and the interlocking mechanism (69) is linked to a traveling speed change and steering link mechanism (70) (71). The control levers (72) (7) of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (25) (28) for traveling and steering through
Linked to 3). The interlocking mechanism (69) includes a rotating plate (75) for supporting the base bent portion (68a) of the main transmission lever (68) on the cylinder shaft (74) so as to be able to swing left and right, and a body side. A fixed mounting plate (78) fixedly mounted on the frame (76) of the main body and supporting the rotating plate (75) rotatably back and forth via a first pivot (77) in the left-right direction; and the pivot (77). A) a speed change operation member (80) that is connected to a rotation plate (75) via a second pivot (79) in the front-rear direction orthogonal to the second direction and is provided rotatably around the shaft (79); A steering operation member (81) rotatably connected around an axis of the pivot (79), and a second pivot (79) of the speed change and steering operation members (80) (81).
Means that the operation output sections (80a) (81a) at the eccentric position are linked to the speed change and steering link mechanisms (70) (71). The speed change and steering link mechanism (70) (7)
1) is the frame (7) at the rear of the interlocking mechanism (69).
6) A speed change arm (84) supported on the side of the swing shaft (82) via a swing cylinder shaft (83) outside the swing shaft (82), and a steering arm (85) having a base end fixed to the swing shaft (82). And the output unit (8
0a) The universal joint shaft (8) connecting between the operation output shafts (86) (87) of (81a) and the arms (84) (85).
8) (89), the cylinder shaft (83) and the swing shaft (82)
Speed change and steering output arm (90) (9)
1) and a rotation fulcrum shaft (9) of the driving cabin (18).
First swing and steering first swing arm (95) provided rotatably on an intermediate shaft (94) attached to the fulcrum bearing (93) of 2).
(96) and a universal joint type first rod (97) (9) for shifting and steering, which connects between the respective ends of the output arm (90) (91) and the first swing arm (95) (96).
8), a speed change and steering second swing arm (99) (100) provided on the intermediate shaft (94) and integrally connected to the first swing arm (95) (96), and the transmission case ( 22) A spindle (10) attached to the upper bearing plate (101)
The transmission and steering cylinder shaft (10) rotatably supported by 2)
3) (104), and first ends of the first swing arms (105) and (106) and the second swing arms (99) and (100) having bases fixed to the cylindrical shafts (103) and (104). Speed change and steering universal joint type second rod (107) (1
08), and a speed change for connecting the second swinging arms (109) (110) having their base ends fixed to the cylinder shafts (103) (104) and the respective distal ends of the control levers (72) (73). Steering universal joint type third rod (111) (11)
2), the traveling control member (72) is rotated by the rotation of the traveling operation member (80) around the first pivot (77), and the traveling second pivot (79) is moved around the traveling second pivot (79). The steering control lever (73) is operated by the rotation of the steering operation member (81) to perform the speed change and the steering control. On the other hand, a gear (114) is provided on the handle operation shaft (113) at the lower end of the steering handle (19), and the sector gear (11) attached to the rear rotation shaft (115).
6) meshing the gear (114) with the steering shaft (117) disposed below the position of the main shift lever (68).
The first swing arm (118) and the rotating shaft (115)
A universal joint type steering first rod (12) serving as a steering link mechanism is provided between each of the distal ends of the output arm (119) and the output arm (119) having the base end fixed thereto.
0), and a second swing arm (121) integrated with the first swing arm (118) of the steering shaft (117),
The universal joint shaft (89) is connected to the front end of the universal joint type steering second rod (122) via the handle (1).
The steering operation member (81) is configured to rotate around the second pivot (79) by the rotation operation of (9). A neutral positioning plate (123) is provided below the gear (114) of the handle operation shaft (113), and a projection shaft (124) on the lower surface of the positioning plate (123).
To one end of a steering detection link (125), and a reduction arm shaft (12) disposed on the right side of the rotation shaft (115).
6) the first swing arm (127) and the detection link (1).
25) is connected to the other long hole (125a) via a shaft (128), and the reduction arm (129) of the steering shaft (117) and the second swing arm (130) of the reduction arm shaft (126) are connected. ) Are connected by a universal joint type first deceleration rod (131) which is a deceleration link mechanism, and the rightmost deceleration transmission shaft (132) of the speed change operation member (80) is connected to the second deceleration transmission shaft (132).
The other end of the swing arm (130) is connected by a universal joint type second deceleration rod (133), and the larger the steering amount of the handle (19) in the running state, the larger the second deceleration rod (13).
3) is pulled downward to reduce the traveling speed. The speed change and steering operation member (8)
0) (81) can be rotated around the axis.
9) and the universal joint (89a) of the steering arm (85) and the joint shaft (89) are positioned on the horizontal line (L1) in the front-rear direction, and the operation output shafts (86) (87) Joint part (88b) between the universal joint shaft (88) and the universal joint shaft (89)
(89b) and the first pivot (77) are connected to the line (L).
1) is located on a horizontal horizontal line (L2) orthogonal to the line (L2). Further, the universal joint (88a) between the transmission arm (84) and the joint shaft (88) and the joint (89a) are connected to the line (L2). ) Are positioned on the left and right horizontal lines (L3) parallel to the main shift lever (68) and the steering handle (19), even if one of them is operated when the neutral position is maintained. (81) is only rotated about the first and second pivots (77) and (79),
No operating force is applied to the joint shafts (88) and (89). As shown in FIG. 8, when the operation member (80) is tilted back and forth by the angle (α1) (α2) about the first pivot (77) by the forward and backward operation of the main shift lever (68), By operating the speed change arm (84) by pulling or pushing the joint shaft (88), the traveling speed is switched between forward and backward, and in this state as shown in FIG. 9 (when the main speed change lever (68) is other than neutral). ) Steering handle (19)
When the operation member (81) is tilted up and down by an angle (β1) (β2) about the second pivot (79) by the turning operation of the steering arm (85), the joint shaft (89) is pulled or pushed.
Is operated to turn the body left and right.
(Coupling shaft (89) even if turning operation is performed when the main shift is in neutral)
Is also moved on a conical surface centered on the line (L1), and the distance between the joints (89a) (89b) does not change. As shown in FIG. 11, the detection link (125) provided on the steering handle (19) moves the first swing arm (127) in the same direction regardless of the right or left turning operation from the neutral position. To rotate the second deceleration rod (133) in a state of being always pulled,
When the operating member (80) at the time of the forward operation is inclined toward the angle (α1), the distance between the joints (88a) and (88b) is reduced, and the operating member (80) at the time of the reverse operation is moved to the angle (α).
2) When inclined to the side, the joints (88a) (88
b), the distance between them is increased, and the speed change arms (84) are respectively displaced toward the low speed side in the neutral direction to perform deceleration according to the turning amount. As is apparent from the above, a hydraulic continuously variable member which is a continuously variable transmission member for transmitting the driving force of the engine (21) to the traveling crawler (2) which is a left and right traveling portion via the transmission case (22). A transmission mechanism (25) and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (25) are connected to a main transmission lever (6) as a manual transmission.
8) a speed change link mechanism (70), which is a speed change mechanism that controls the speed of the left and right traveling crawlers (2) by operating according to (8);
Hydraulic stepless transmission as a steering member including a second hydraulic pump (26) as a steering hydraulic pump and a second hydraulic motor (27) as a steering hydraulic motor driven by the pump (26) A mechanism (28) and a steering handle (19), which is a manual steering device, to the continuously variable transmission mechanism (28) for steering.
Steering link mechanism (71) that is a steering mechanism for connecting
And the steering handle (1) is attached to the speed change link mechanism (70).
Speed reduction rod (131), which is a speed reduction mechanism for connecting 9)
To increase the speed of the second hydraulic pump for steering (26) and the second hydraulic motor for steering (27) driven by the pump (26) according to the amount of operation of the steering handle (19). And a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (2) for transmitting the driving force of the engine (21) to the right and left traveling crawlers (2) at a variable speed.
5) Decelerate the output. Then, straight running during the operation and course correction operation with a large turning radius, and spin turn operation with a small turning radius to change the direction toward the next work process position, etc., can be smoothly performed only by a continuous series of steering operations. For example, a traveling crawler that changes direction with a small turning radius such as a spin turn required for work performed by reciprocating travel, simplifies driving operation such as work performed by reciprocating travel, improves operability, and does not perform steering operation. (2) To improve the turning traveling function of the traveling section and the like. Further, the first rods (97) and (98) and the swing arm (95) for transmitting the shifting and steering operation force.
The center of the universal joint (97a) (98a) of (96)
The driving cabin (18) can be turned forward without removing these operation systems during gear shifting and steering neutral maintenance by matching the position of the rotation fulcrum shaft (92) of the driving cabin (18). It is configured to be. As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an engine (2) via a transmission case (22).
A continuously variable transmission member (25) for transmitting the driving force of 1) to the left and right traveling unit (2) by a shift; and a continuously variable transmission member (25) operated by the manual transmission (68) with the continuously variable transmission member (25). A speed change mechanism (70) for controlling the speed of the vehicle, a steering hydraulic pump (26), and a steering member (28) including a steering hydraulic motor (27) driven by the pump (26);
A steering mechanism (71) for connecting a manual steering device (19) to the steering member (28) and a speed reduction mechanism (131) for connecting a manual steering device (19) to the transmission mechanism (70) are provided. ,
The steering hydraulic pump (26) and the steering hydraulic motor (27) driven by the pump (26) are increased in speed according to the amount of operation of the manual steering tool (19), and the engine (21) ) To reduce the output of the continuously variable transmission member (25) for transmitting the driving force of (1) to the left and right traveling section (2).
Smoothly perform straight running during work and path correction operation with a large turning radius, and spin turn operation with a small turning radius to change the direction to the next work process position, etc., only by a continuous series of steering operations For example, it is possible to easily perform a direction change with a small turning radius such as a spin turn necessary for work performed by reciprocating travel, to simplify driving operation such as work performed by reciprocating travel, to improve operability, and to perform steering. It is possible to easily improve the turning traveling function of the traveling section such as the traveling crawler (2) that does not perform the operation.

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a traveling speed change and steering operation unit. FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the combine. FIG. 3 is an overall plan view of the combine. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a mission drive system. FIG. 5 is an explanatory front view of an operation unit. FIG. 6 is an explanatory plan view of an operation unit. FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view of the operation unit. FIG. 8 is an explanatory side view of the operation member. FIG. 9 is an explanatory front view of an operation member. FIG. 10 is an explanatory plan view of an operation member. FIG. 11 is an explanatory plan view of a steering handle. FIG. 12 is an explanatory plan view of a link mechanism. [Explanation of symbols] (2) Traveling crawler (traveling part) (19) Steering handle (manual steering tool) (25) Hydraulic stepless transmission mechanism (stepless transmission member) (26) Second hydraulic pump (steering hydraulic pump) (27) Second hydraulic motor (steering hydraulic motor) (28) Hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (steering member) (68) Main transmission lever (manual transmission) (70) Transmission link mechanism (transmission mechanism) (71) Steering link mechanism (steering mechanism) (131) Reduction rod (reduction mechanism)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B62D 11/00

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A continuously variable transmission member (25) for transmitting a driving force of an engine (21) to a left and right traveling portion (2) through a transmission case (22) through a transmission case (22); Continuously variable transmission member (2
5) is operated by a manual transmission (68) to control the speed of the left and right traveling unit (2), a steering hydraulic pump (26), and a steering mechanism driven by the pump (26). A steering member (28) including a steering hydraulic motor (27);
9) and a speed reducing mechanism (131) for connecting a manual steering device (19) to the speed change mechanism (70), according to the amount of operation of the manual steering device (19). The steering hydraulic pump (26) and the pump (2
The output of the continuously variable transmission member (25) for increasing the speed of the steering hydraulic motor (27) driven by 6) and transmitting the driving force of the engine (21) to the left and right traveling section (2) is reduced. A working vehicle characterized by being made to work.