JP3427730B2 - Lithium polymer battery - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lithium polymer battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There have been many studies on lithium batteries using a polymer as an electrolyte. Lithium primary batteries are already on the market. For example, a lithium primary battery using manganese dioxide as a positive electrode active material and a lithium or lithium-aluminum alloy negative electrode as a negative electrode active material is known.

In addition, lithium secondary batteries have been actively researched recently, and many proposals have been made regarding battery constituent materials and assembly. For example, as a positive electrode active material, Li
CoO ₂ , LiNiO ₂ , LiMn ₂ O ₄ , V ₂ O ₅ , V ₆ O ₁₃ , T
A secondary battery in which iS ₂ or the like is used and lithium, a lithium-aluminum alloy, carbon (hard carbon, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microbeads, mesophase carbon fiber) or the like is used as a negative electrode active material has been proposed.

In these lithium batteries, one or more kinds of aprotic organic solvents such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and diethyl carbonate, which are capable of transferring lithium ions, are used as an electrolytic solution in LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ . ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiP
_{F 6, LiCF 3 SO 3,} LiN (CF 3 SO 2) electrolytic solution obtained by dissolving a lithium salt of ₂ or the like is used. However, since this lithium battery is flammable, there is a risk of ignition and explosion. When using lithium or lithium alloy negative electrode,
There is a risk that lithium dendrite formed on the negative electrode reaches the positive electrode and short-circuits. These problems are due to the use of an organic solvent for the electrolytic solution.

Polymer solid electrolytes have been studied to solve these problems, but the conductivity of the polymer solid electrolytes is still low and it has not been put to practical use.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a lithium polymer battery which is small and lightweight and has a large charge / discharge capacity.

[0007]

The present invention provides (i) a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, (ii) a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, and (iii) (A) formula (I):

[Chemical 3] [In the formula, each of R ¹ and R ² is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
A cycloalkyl group, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms and a tetrahydropyranyl group, each of m and n is 1 to 1.
It is a number of twelve. ] 0.5-99 mol% of repeating units derived from a monomer represented by the formula (II):

[Chemical 4] Repeating unit 99.5 derived from the monomer represented by
.About.1 mol%, (C) 0 to 15 mol% of repeating units derived from a monomer having one epoxy group and at least one reactive functional group, and having a weight average molecular weight of from 10 ³ to 10 ^{3. The present invention} relates to a lithium polymer battery comprising a polyether copolymer of ⁷ or a cross-linked body of the polyether copolymer and a polymer solid electrolyte comprising an electrolyte salt compound.

The repeating unit (C) has the formula (III-1)
Alternatively, it may be derived from the monomer (III-2).

[0009]

[Chemical 5]

[Chemical 6] [Wherein, R ³ and R ⁴ are reactive functional group-containing groups. ]

The polyether copolymer has (A) formula (I)
Repeating units derived from the following monomers:

[Chemical 7] [In the formula, each of R ¹ and R ² is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
A cycloalkyl group, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms and a tetrahydropyranyl group, each of m and n is 1 to 1.
It is a number of twelve. ] (B) Repeating units derived from the monomer of formula (II):

[Chemical 8] (C) having a repeating unit derived from a monomer having one epoxy group and at least one reactive functional group.

The repeating unit (C) derived from the monomer of formula (III-1) or (III-2) has the formula (II)
I'-1) or (III'-2):

[Chemical 9]

[Chemical 10] [Wherein, R ³ and R ⁴ are reactive functional group-containing groups. ]
Indicated by.

The reactive functional group in the structural unit (C) is
It is preferably (a) a reactive silicon group, (b) an epoxy group, (c) an ethylenically unsaturated group or (d) a halogen atom.

A method for polymerizing a polyether copolymer which may have a crosslinkable side chain is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-1 of the present applicant.
It is carried out in the same manner as the method described in JP-A-54736 and JP-A-62-169823. The polymerization reaction of the polyether copolymer can be performed as follows. Using an organoaluminum-based catalyst system, an organozinc-based catalyst system, an organotin-phosphate ester condensate catalyst system, etc. as a ring-opening polymerization catalyst, each monomer in the presence or absence of a solvent A polyether copolymer is obtained by reacting at a reaction temperature of 10 to 80 ° C. under stirring. Among them, the organotin-phosphoric acid ester condensate catalyst system is particularly preferable in terms of the degree of polymerization, the properties of the copolymer produced, and the like. The reactive functional group does not react in the polymerization reaction, and a copolymer having a reactive functional group is obtained. When using an oxirane compound having an epoxy group only at both ends,
When an organotin-phosphate ester condensate catalyst is used, a substituent,
That is, only the epoxy group containing no methyl group is used in the polymerization reaction, and the epoxy group having a methyl group does not react at all and remains in the polymer.

In the polyether copolymer, the molar ratio of the repeating unit (A), the repeating unit (B) and the repeating unit (C) is (A) 0.5 to 99 mol%, preferably 2 to 99 mol. %, For example 10 to 95 mol%, (B)
99.5 to 1 mol%, preferably 98 to 1 mol%, for example 90 to 5 mol%, and (C) 0 to 15 mol%, preferably 0 to 10 mol%, for example 0.001 to 5 mol% is there.

When the repeating unit (B) exceeds 99.5 mol%, the glass transition temperature rises and the oxyethylene chain is crystallized, resulting in a marked deterioration of the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte. It is generally known that the ionic conductivity is improved by lowering the crystallinity of polyethylene oxide, but it has been found that the polyether copolymer of the present invention has a remarkably large effect of improving the ionic conductivity.

The molecular weight of the polyether copolymer is 10 ³ to 10 ⁷ , preferably 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁷ , and more preferably 10 in order to obtain processability, moldability, mechanical strength and flexibility. Those in the range of ^{5 to 5} × 10 ⁶ are suitable.
If the weight average molecular weight is less than 10 ³ , it is necessary to increase the crosslink density in order to maintain the mechanical strength and to prevent the flow at high temperature, and the ion conductivity of the obtained polymer solid electrolyte decreases. . Further, if it exceeds 10 ⁷ , workability,
It causes a problem in moldability.

In the present invention, the glass transition temperature of the polyether copolymer is -60 ° C or lower, more preferably -63 ° C.
It is preferable that the temperature is not higher than C, for example, not higher than -65C. The heat of fusion of the polyether copolymer is 90 J / g or less, for example 70 J / g or less, for example, 60 J / g or less, and especially 5
It is preferably 0 J / g or less. The glass transition temperature and the heat of fusion of the polyether copolymer are measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).

The polyether copolymer of the present invention may be a block copolymer or a random copolymer. Random copolymers are preferred because they have a greater effect of lowering the crystallinity of polyethylene oxide. The polyether copolymer of the present invention is a polyether copolymer having a side chain having two oligooxyethylene groups and, if necessary, a side chain having a reactive functional group capable of crosslinking. The polyether copolymer of the present invention is a copolymer formed from two or more kinds of monomers.

The degree of polymerization m and n of the oxyethylene unit in the side chain portion of the monomer (I) forming the repeating unit (A) is preferably 1 to 12, for example 1 to 6. When the polymerization degrees m and n exceed 12, the ionic conductivity of the obtained solid electrolyte is lowered, which is not preferable. When R ¹ or R ² is an alkyl group, the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 6, particularly 1 to 3 carbon atoms. When R ¹ or R ² is an alkenyl group, the alkenyl group preferably has 2 to 6, particularly 2 to 4 carbon atoms. In the monomer (I), R ¹ and R ² may be a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an allyl group or a cyclohexyl group.

The monomer having a reactive silicon group forming the repeating unit (C) has the formula (III-a-1):

[Chemical 11] [In the formula, R ³ is a reactive silicon-containing group. ] Or Formula (III-a-2):

[Chemical 12] [In the formula, R ⁴ is a reactive silicon-containing group. ] Is preferable.

The reactive silicon group-containing monomer represented by (III-a-1) is preferably (III-a-1-).
1) and (III-a-1-2).

[Chemical 13]

[Chemical 14]

The reactive silicon group-containing monomer represented by the formula (III-a-2) is preferably (III-a-2-
It is a compound represented by 1).

[Chemical 15]

Formulas (III-a-1-1) and (III-a
-1-2) and (III-a-2-1) in the formula R
⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ may be the same or different, but at least one is an alkoxy group and the rest are alkyl groups. m represents 1 to 6.

Examples of the monomer represented by the formula (III-a-1-1) include 1-glycidoxymethyltrimethoxysilane, 1-glycidoxymethylmethyldimethoxysilane and 2-glycidoxyethyltri. Methoxysilane, 2-glycidoxyethylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 4-glycidoxybutylmethyldimethoxysilane, 4-glycidoxybutylmethyl Examples thereof include trimethoxysilane, 6-glycidoxyhexylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 6-glycidoxyhexylmethyltrimethoxysilane.

Examples of the monomer represented by the formula (III-a-1-2) include 3- (1,2-epoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane and 3- (1,2-epoxy) propylmethyldimethoxysilane. 3- (1,2-epoxy) propyldimethylmethoxysilane, 4- (1,2-epoxy) butyltrimethoxysilane, 4- (1,2-epoxy) butylmethyldimethoxysilane, 5- (1,2- Epoxy) pentyltrimethoxysilane, 5- (1,2-epoxy) pentylmethyldimethoxysilane, 6- (1,2-epoxy) hexyltrimethoxysilane, 6- (1,2-epoxy) hexylmethyldimethoxysilane, etc. Can be mentioned.

Examples of the monomer represented by the formula (III-a-2-1) include 1- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) methyltrimethoxysilane and 1- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) methylmethyl. Dimethoxysilane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-
(3,4-Epoxycyclohexyl) ethylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) propyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) propylmethyldimethoxysilane, 4- (3,4- Epoxycyclohexyl) butyltrimethoxysilane, 4-
Examples include (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) butylmethyldimethoxysilane.

Among these, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 4- (1,2-epoxy) butyltrimethoxysilane, 5- (1,2-epoxy) ) Pentyltrimethoxysilane, and 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)
Ethyltrimethoxysilane is especially preferred.

The monomer having two epoxy groups forming the repeating unit (C) has the formula (III-b):

[Chemical 16] [In the formula, R ⁸ is a divalent organic group. ] Is preferable.

The R ⁸ group in the formula (III-b) is --CH ₂ --O-(CHA ¹ --CHA ² --O) _m --CH ₂ -,-(CH ₂ ) _m- , --CH ₂ O--Ph. —OCH ₂ — [wherein A ¹ and A ² are hydrogen or a methyl group, and
h is a phenylene group, and m is a number of 0-12. ]
Is preferred.

Monomers having two epoxy groups are represented by the following formulas (III-b-1), (III-b-2) and (II
It is preferably a compound represented by I-b-3).

[0031]

[Chemical 17]

[Chemical 18]

[Chemical 19]

The above (III-b-1) and (III-b-
In 2) and (III-b-3), A ¹ and A ² are a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and m represents a number of 0-12.

The monomer represented by (III-b-1) includes 2,3-epoxypropyl-2 ', 3'-epoxy-2'-methylpropyl ether and ethylene glycol-2,3-epoxypropyl-. 2 ', 3'-epoxy-2'-methylpropyl ether, diethylene glycol-2,3-epoxypropyl-2', 3'-epoxy-2'-methylpropyl ether and the like can be mentioned. The monomer represented by the formula (III-b-2) includes 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane, 2-methyl-1,
2,4,5-diepoxypentane, and 2-methyl-1,2,
Examples thereof include 5,6-diepoxyhexane. Examples of the monomer represented by the formula (III-b-3) include hydroquinone-2,3-epoxypropyl-2 ′, 3′-epoxy-2 ′.
-Methylpropyl ether, catechol-2,3-epoxypropyl-2 ', 3'-epoxy-2'-methylpropyl ether, and the like.

Among them, especially 2,3-epoxypropyl
-2 ', 3'-epoxy-2'-methylpropyl ether and ethylene glycol-2,3-epoxypropyl-2', 3'-
Epoxy-2'-methylpropyl ether is preferred.

The monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group forming the repeating unit (C) has the formula (III-c):

[Chemical 20] [In the formula, R ⁹ is a group having an ethylenically unsaturated group. ] Is preferable.

As the ethylenically unsaturated group-containing monomer, allyl glycidyl ether, 4-vinylcyclohexyl glycidyl ether, α-terpinyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexenyl methyl glycidyl ether,
p-vinylbenzyl glycidyl ether, allyl phenyl glycidyl ether, vinyl glycidyl ether, 3,
4-epoxy-1-butene, 3,4-epoxy-1-pentene, 4,5-epoxy-2-pentene, 1,2-epoxy-5,
9-Cyclododecadiene, 3,4-epoxy-1-vinylcyclohexene, 1,2-epoxy-5-cyclooctene, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl sorbate, glycidyl cinnamate, glycidyl crotonic acid, glycidyl -4-Hexenoate, oligoethylene glycol glycidyl ether acrylate having 1 to 12 oxyethylene chains, oligoethylene glycol glycidyl ether methacrylate having 1 to 12 oxyethylene chains, oligo having 1 to 12 oxyethylene chains Ethylene glycol allyl glycidyl ether, or

[Chemical 21] (N = 1 to 12) is used. Preferred are allyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl acrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate.

The monomer (C) having a halogen atom has the formula (III-d):

[Chemical formula 22] [In the formula, R ¹⁰ is a group having at least one halogen atom. ] Is preferable. R ¹⁰ may be, for example, an alkyl group substituted with a halogen atom.

Examples of the monomer having a halogen atom are:

[Chemical formula 23] Wherein X is a halogen atom, especially bromine (Br) or iodine (I). ]. Examples of monomers having a halogen atom are epibromohydrin and epiiodohydrin.

As a method of crosslinking the copolymer in which the reactive functional group is a reactive silicon group, crosslinking can be carried out by a reaction between the reactive silicon group and water. To increase the reactivity, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin malate, dibutyltin diacetate, tin octylate, tin compounds such as dibutyltin acetylacetonate, tetrabutyl titanate, titanium compounds such as tetrapropyl titanate, aluminum trisacetylacetonate, aluminum. Trisethylacetoacetate, organometallic compounds such as aluminum compounds such as aluminum such as diisopropoxyaluminum ethylacetoacetate, or butylamine, octylamine, laurylamine, dibutylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, Triethylenetetramine, cyclohexylamine, benzylamine, diethylaminopropylamine Guanine may be used amine compounds such as diphenyl guanine or the like as a catalyst.

Polyamines, acid anhydrides and the like are used in the method of crosslinking the copolymer in which the reactive functional group is an epoxy group.

Examples of polyamines include diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, diethylaminopropylamine, dibutylaminopropylamine, hexamethylenediamine, N-aminoethylpiperazine and bis-amino. Aliphatic polyamines such as propylpiperazine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, isophthalic acid dihydrazide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, diaminodiphenyl sulfone,
m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-toluylenediamine, m-
Examples thereof include aromatic polyamines such as toluylenediamine, o-toluylenediamine, and xylylenediamine. The amount of polyamine added varies depending on the type of polyamine,
Usually, it is in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the composition forming the polymer solid electrolyte excluding the plasticizer.

Examples of acid anhydrides include maleic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, chlorendecic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetramethylene maleic anhydride, Examples thereof include tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and trimellitic anhydride. The amount of the acid anhydride added varies depending on the type of the acid anhydride, but is usually in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the composition forming the polymer solid electrolyte excluding the plasticizer.
An accelerator may be used for these crosslinking, and phenol, cresol, resorcin,
There are pyrogallol, nonylphenol, 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, etc., and benzyldimethylamine, 2,4,6-for the cross-linking reaction of acid anhydrides.
Examples include tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 2- (dimethylaminoethyl) phenol, dimethylaniline, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole. The amount of the accelerator added varies depending on the accelerator, but usually 0.1 to 1 of the crosslinking agent is used.
It is in the range of 0% by weight.

As a method for crosslinking the copolymer in which the reactive functional group is an ethylenically unsaturated group, a radical initiator selected from organic peroxides, azo compounds and the like, and active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams are used. To be Further, a crosslinking agent containing silicon hydride can be used.

Examples of the organic peroxide include ketone peroxide, peroxyketal, hydroperoxide,
Dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide,
Peroxyesters and the like which are usually used for crosslinking are used, and these are enumerated: methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3,5 -Trimethylcyclohexane, 2,2-bis (t-butylperoxy)
Octane, n-butyl-4,4-bis (t-butylperoxy)
Valerate, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,
5-dihydroperoxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, t-butylcumyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, α, α'-bis (t-butylperoxy-m-isopropyl) benzene, 2,5- Dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, benzoyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyisopropyl carbonate, etc. To be The amount of the organic peroxide added varies depending on the type of the organic peroxide, but is usually in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the composition forming the polymer solid electrolyte excluding the plasticizer.

As a crosslinking aid for the organic peroxide crosslinking reaction,
Ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, oligoethylene glycol diacrylate, oligoethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, oligopropylene glycol diacrylate, oligopropylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol Diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-
Glycerol dimethacrylate, 2,2-bis [4-
(Acryloxydiethoxy) phenyl] propane, 1,
1,1-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate,
1,1,1-trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolethane triacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, 1,2,
6-hexanetriacrylate, sorbitol pentamethacrylate, tetramethylolmethanetetraacrylate, methylenebisacrylamide, methylenebismethacrylamidodivinylbenzene, vinylmethacrylate, vinylcrotonate, vinylacrylate, vinylacetylene, trivinylbenzene, triallyl cyanyl sulfide , Divinyl ether, divinyl sulfoether, diallyl phthalate, glycerol trivinyl ether, allyl metal acrylate, allyl acrylate, diallyl malate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,
Lauryl methacrylate, ethylene glycol acrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, maleimide, phenylmaleimide, p-quinonedioxime, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid and the like can be optionally used.

As the azo compound, an azonitrile compound,
Azoamide compounds, azoamidine compounds and the like which are usually used for cross-linking are used. Listed below are 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile and 2,2′-azobis (2-methylbutyro). Nitrile), 2,2'-azobis (4-
Methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 1,1'-azobis (cyclohexane-1-carbonitrile), 2- (carbamoylazo) isobuty Ronitrile, 2-phenylazo-4-
Methoxy-2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile, 2,2-azobis (2-methyl-N-phenylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [N- (4-chlorophenyl) -2-methylpropion Amidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis
[N-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis [2-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl) propionamidine] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis [2methyl -N- (2-propenyl) propionamidine] dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -2- Methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride, 2,2'-
Azobis [2- (5-methyl-2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2 '-Azobis [2-
(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-1,3-diazepine-2
-Yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (3,
4,5,6-Tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl) propane]
Dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (5-hydroxy-3,4,
5,6-Tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis {2- [1- (2-hydroxyethyl)
-2-Imidazolin-2-yl] propane} dihydrochloride, 2,2 '
-Azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane],
2,2'-azobis {2-methyl-N- [1,1-bis (hydroxymethyl) -2-hydroxyethyl] propionamide},
2,2'-azobis {2-methyl-N- [1,1-bis (hydroxymethyl) ethyl] propionamide}, 2,2'-azobis
[2-Methyl-N- (2-hydroxyethyl) propionamide], 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamide) dihydrate, 2,2'-azobis (2,4,4-trimethylpentane), 2 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropane), dimethyl, 2,2'-azobisisobutyrate, 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid), 2,2'-azobis [2- (hydroxy Methyl) propionitrile] and the like. The amount of the azo compound added varies depending on the type of the azo compound, but is usually within the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the composition forming the polymer solid electrolyte excluding the plasticizer.

Among the monomer components represented by the formula (III-c), acrylic acid glycidyl ether, methacrylic acid glycidyl ether and cinnamic acid glycidyl ether are particularly preferable for crosslinking by irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays. Further, as a sensitization aid, diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethylketal, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane-
1-one, 4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl- (2-hydroxy-2-propyl) ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,
2-Diphenylethan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, acetophenones such as 2-methyl-2-morpholino (4-thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether , Benzoin isopropyl ether,
Benzoin ethers such as benzoin isobutyl ether, benzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4
-Phenylbenzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyl-diphenylsulfide, alkylated benzophenone, 3,3 ', 4,4'-tetra (t-butylperoxycarbonyl) benzophenone, 4
-Benzoyl-N, N-dimethyl-N- [2- (1-oxo-2-propenyloxy) ethyl] benzenemethanaminium bromide, benzophenones such as (4-benzoylbenzyl) trimethylammonium choroid, 2-isopropylthioxanthone Thioxanthones such as 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, azidopyrene, 3-sulfonylazidobenzoic acid, 4-sulfonylazidobenzoic acid, 2,6
-Bis (4'-azidobenzal) cyclohexanone-2,2'-
Disulfonic acid (sodium salt), p-azidobenzaldehyde, p-azidoacetophenone, p-azidobenzoic acid,
p-azidobenzalacetophenone, p-azidobenzalacetone, 4,4'-diazidochalcone, 1,3-bis (4'-azidobenzal) acetone, 2,6-bis (4'-azidobenzal) cyclohexanone, 2 , 6-bis (4-azidobenzal)
4-Methylcyclohexanone, 4,4'-diazidostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, 1,3-bis (4'-azidobenzal) -2-propanone-2'-sulfonic acid, 1,3-bis ( 4 '
-Azidocinnaylidene) -2-azipanes such as 2-propanone can be arbitrarily used.

Ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, oligoethylene glycol diacrylate, oligoethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, oligopropylene glycol diacrylate, oligo Propylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,
4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate, 2,2-bis [4- (acryloxydiethoxy) phenyl] propane, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 1,1,1 -Trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolethane triacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, 1,2,6-hexane triacrylate, sorbitol pentamethacrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate, methylenebisacrylamide, methylenebis Methacrylicamide divinylbenzene, vinyl methacrylate, vinyl crotonate, vinyl acrylate, vinyl acetylene, trivinylbenzene, triallyl cyanyl sulfide, divinyl ether, divinyl sulphate Polyether, diallyl phthalate, glycerol trivinyl ether, allyl metal acrylate, allyl acrylate, diallyl malate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2
-Ethylhexyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, ethylene glycol acrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, maleimide, phenylmaleimide, p-quinonedioxime, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, etc. can be optionally used.

As the compound having a silicon hydride which crosslinks an ethylenically unsaturated group, a compound having at least two silicon hydrides is used. A polysiloxane compound or a polysilane compound is particularly preferable.

As the polysiloxane compound, (a-1)
There is a linear polysiloxane compound represented by the formula or (a-2) formula, or a cyclic polysiloxane compound represented by the formula (a-3).

[0051]

[Chemical formula 24]

[Chemical 25]

[Chemical formula 26]

However, in the formulas (a-1) to (a-3), R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ , R ¹⁴ , R ¹⁵ , R ¹⁶ , R ¹⁷ , R ¹⁸ and R ¹⁹ are hydrogen atoms. Or represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, n ≧ 2, m ≧ 0, 2 ≦ m +
It represents n ≦ 300. As the alkyl group, lower alkyl groups such as methyl group and ethyl group are preferred. The alkoxy group is preferably a lower alkoxy group such as methoxy group and ethoxy group.

As the polysilane compound, a linear silane compound represented by the formula (b-1) is used.

[Chemical 27]

However, in the formula (b-1), R ²⁰ , R ²¹ ,
R ²² , R ²³ and R ²⁴ represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and n ≧ 2, m ≧
It represents 0, 2 ≦ m + n ≦ 100.

Examples of catalysts for the hydrosilylation reaction include:
Examples thereof include transition metals such as palladium and platinum, their compounds, and complexes. Further, peroxides, amines and phosphines are also used. The most common catalyst is dichlorobis
(Acetonitrile) palladium (II), chlorotris
(Triphenylphosphine) rhodium (I) and chloroplatinic acid are mentioned.

As a method for crosslinking the halogen atom (for example, bromine or iodine atom) -containing copolymer, a crosslinking agent such as polyamines, mercaptoimidazolines, mercaptopyrimidines, thioureas and polymercaptans is used. Examples of polyamines include hexamethylenediamine carbamate, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, ethylenediaminecarbamate, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, diethylaminopropylamine, dibutylaminopropylamine, hexamethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine. , Diaminodiphenyl sulfone, m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-toluylenediamine, m-toluylenediamine, o-toluylenediamine, xylylenediamine and the like. Examples of the mercaptoimidazolines include 2-mercaptoimidazoline, 4-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazoline, 5-ethyl-4-butyl-2-mercaptoimidazoline and the like. The mercaptopyrimidines include 2-mercaptopyrimidine, 4,6-dimethyl-2-mercaptopyrimidine,
5-Butyl-2-mercaptopyrimidine and the like can be mentioned.
Examples of the thioureas include thiourea, ethylenethiourea, dibutylthiourea, trimethylthiourea, triethylthiourea, tributylthiourea and the like. 2-dibutylamino-as polymercaptans
4,6-Dimethylcapto-s-triazine, 2-phenylamino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiazole, 1,10-decanedithiol, 2,3-dimethyl Captopyrazine, 2,3-dimercaptoquinoxaline, 6-methylquinoxaline-2,3-dithiocarbonate and the like can be mentioned. The amount of the crosslinking agent added varies depending on the type of the crosslinking agent, but is usually 0.1 to 30% by weight with respect to the composition forming the polymer solid electrolyte excluding the plasticizer.
Is the range.

Further, it is effective from the viewpoint of the thermal stability of the halogen-containing polymer to add a metal compound serving as an acid acceptor to the composition. Examples of the metal oxide that serves as such an acid acceptor include oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, carboxylates, silicates, borates, phosphites of Group II metals of the periodic table. The Group VIa metal oxides include basic carbonates, basic carboxylates, basic phosphites, basic sulfites, and tribasic sulfates. Specific examples include magnesia, magnesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, quicklime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, calcium phthalate,
Magnesium phosphite, calcium phosphite, zinc white,
Tin oxide, litharge, red lead, white lead, dibasic lead phthalate,
Dibasic lead carbonate, tin stearate, basic lead phosphite,
Examples thereof include basic tin phosphite, basic lead sulfite, and tribasic lead sulfate. The amount of the metal compound serving as the acid acceptor varies depending on the type, but is usually 0.1 to 3 with respect to the composition forming the polymer solid electrolyte excluding the plasticizer.
It is in the range of 0% by weight.

The electrolyte salt compound used in the present invention is preferably soluble in the polyether copolymer of the present invention or a crosslinked product of the copolymer. In the present invention,
The following electrolyte salt compounds are preferably used.

That is, a cation selected from metal cations, ammonium ions, amidinium ions, and guanidinium ions, and chlorine ions, bromine ions, iodine ions, perchlorate ions, thiocyanate ions, tetrafluoroboron. acid ion, nitrate ion, AsF ₆ ^-, PF
₆ ^-, stearyl sulfonate ion, octylsulfonate ion, dodecylbenzenesulfonate ion, naphthalenesulfonate ion, dodecyl naphthalenesulfonate ion, tetracyano -p- quinodimethane ion, X ¹ SO ^{_{3 -, (X 1 SO 2}} ) (X 2 SO 2) N -, (X 1 SO
^{_{2) (X 2 SO 2)}} (X 3 SO 2) C -, and _{^{(X 1 SO 2) (X}} 2 SO
₂₎ YC ^- compound comprising the selected anions from the like. However, X ¹ , X ² , X ³ and Y are electron withdrawing groups. Preferably, X ¹ , X ² and X ³ are each independently a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a perfluoroaryl group, Y is a nitro group, a nitroso group,
It is a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group or a cyano group. X
¹ , X ² and X ³ may be the same or different. As the metal cation, a transition metal cation can be used. Preferably Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, C
A cation of a metal selected from u, Zn and Ag metals is used. Also, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, C
Preferred results are also obtained using cations of metals selected from the a and Ba metals. It is free to use two or more of the above-mentioned compounds in combination as the electrolyte salt compound.

Examples of the electrolyte salt compound include LiClO ₄ , LiB
_{F 4, LiAsF 6, LiPF 6} , LiCF 3 SO 3, LiN (C
It is a lithium salt such as F ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ .

In the present invention, the amount of the electrolyte salt compound used is the number of moles of the electrolyte salt compound / the total number of oxyethylene units (the total number of oxyethylene units including the main chain and side chains of the polyether copolymer). Number) value is 0.0001 ~
The range of 5, preferably 0.001 to 0.5 is good. If this value exceeds 5, the processability, moldability, and mechanical strength and flexibility of the obtained solid electrolyte will deteriorate, and the ion conductivity will also decrease.

A flame retardant can be used when flame retardancy is required when using the crosslinked polymer solid electrolyte obtained from the polyether copolymer of the present invention. Brominated epoxy compounds, tetrabrom bisphenol A, halogenated compounds such as chlorinated paraffin, antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, phosphoric acid ester, polyphosphate, and zinc borate as flame retardants. Select from and add an effective amount.

In the solid electrolyte, an aprotic organic solvent or a plasticizer which is a polyalkylene glycol derivative having an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000 or a metal salt thereof (particularly, lithium salt) may be added to the copolymer. Examples of aprotic organic solvents are one or more organic solvents such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, γ-butyl lactone. Examples of the polyalkylene glycol include polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. Examples of the polyalkylene glycol derivative include ether derivatives or ester derivatives having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

Examples of the ether derivative include diethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether and diallyl ether. Examples of ether derivatives are polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol diethyl ether, polyethylene glycol diallyl ether and the like. Examples of the ester derivative may include diesters such as dimethacrylic acid ester, diacetic acid ester, and diacrylic acid ester. Examples of the ester derivative are polyethylene glycol dimethacrylic acid ester, polyethylene glycol diacrylic acid ester, polyethylene glycol acetic acid ester and the like.

The metal salt of the derivative includes monoethers such as monomethyl ether, monoethyl ether, monopropyl ether, monobutyl ether, monohexyl ether, mono-2-ethyl-hexyl ether and monoallyl ether, and monoacetic acid ester. , Sodium, lithium, and dialkylaluminum salts of monoesters such as monoacrylic acid ester and monomethacrylic acid ester. As the metal salt of polyalkylene glycol,
Examples thereof include sodium, lithium, and dialkyl aluminum salts of polyalkylene glycol. A more preferable range of the number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol used is 200 to 2000.

The amount of the plasticizer is preferably 5 to 100 parts by weight, particularly 5 to 80 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the copolymer. If it is less than 5 parts by weight, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 100 parts by weight, there is a risk of ignition when the plasticizer is an organic solvent. Even when the solid electrolyte contains an organic solvent as a plasticizer, since the organic solvent is included in the copolymer, the combustibility and the risk of explosion are greatly reduced.

The method for producing the polymer solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, but usually (1) after mechanically mixing the copolymer and the electrolyte salt compound, or by dissolving the copolymer and the electrolyte salt compound in a solvent. After mixing and removing the solvent, the copolymer is crosslinked, or (2) after the copolymer is crosslinked, the crosslinked copolymer and the electrolyte salt compound are mechanically mixed, or the crosslinked copolymer is used. And an electrolyte salt compound are dissolved in a solvent and mixed, and then the solvent is removed. As means for mechanically mixing, various kneaders, open rolls, extruders and the like can be arbitrarily used.
In the case of producing using a solvent, various polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, acetone, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane,
Methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc. may be used alone or in combination. The concentration of the solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50% by weight.

When the reactive functional group is a reactive silicon group, the amount of water used in the cross-linking reaction is not particularly limited because it easily occurs due to humidity in the atmosphere. It is also possible to crosslink by passing it through cold water or a hot water bath for a short time, or by exposing it to a steam atmosphere. When a polyamine or an acid anhydride is used in the case of a copolymer in which the reactive functional group is an epoxy group-containing group, a temperature of 10 to 200 ° C. for 10 minutes to
The crosslinking reaction is completed in 20 hours.

When the radical functional initiator is used when the reactive functional group is an ethylenically unsaturated group, 10 ° C. to 200 ° C.
The crosslinking reaction is completed within 1 minute to 20 hours under the temperature condition of ° C.
Further, when utilizing energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, a sensitizer is generally used. Usually, the crosslinking reaction is completed within 0.1 second to 1 hour under the temperature condition of 10 ° C to 150 ° C. With a crosslinking agent having silicon hydride, the crosslinking reaction is completed within 10 minutes to 10 hours under the temperature condition of 10 ° C to 180 ° C.

The electric conductivity of the solid electrolyte at room temperature (25 ° C.) is 10 ⁻⁵ S / cm or more, for example, 10 ⁻³ S / cm or more. The battery of the present invention can operate at room temperature.

The battery may have a positive electrode active material film on one main surface of the solid electrolyte membrane and a negative electrode active material film on the other main surface.

As the positive electrode active material, LiCoO ₂ , LiNiO ₂ (N
i may be partially substituted with Co and B), LiMn ₂ O ₄ ,
Inorganic materials such as V ₂ O ₅ , V ₆ O ₁₃ and TiS ₂ can be used. For the purpose of improving the contact resistance with the polymer electrolyte and increasing the number of charge / discharge reaction sites, the positive electrode active material 10
The charge and discharge characteristics are improved by mixing 5 to 100 parts by weight (for example, 5 to 50 parts by weight) of the polymer electrolyte in 0 part by weight. The polymer electrolyte used in the positive electrode may be the same as or different from the solid electrolyte sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, but is preferably the same. The positive electrode may be produced by coating a paste obtained by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive material (for example, acetylene black or graphite) and a solvent on an aluminum foil and drying and removing the solvent. As the solvent, toluene, xylene, benzene, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, THF (tetrahydrofuran) or the like can be used. You may press after drying in order to make it the target thickness.

As the positive electrode active material, in addition to inorganic materials, polyacetylene, polyacene, polypyrene, polyaniline, polyphenylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polypyrrole, polyfuran,
An organic material such as polyazulene (particularly a polymer material) can be used.

The negative electrode active material includes lithium, a lithium-aluminum alloy, an intercalation compound in which lithium is intercalated between graphite or carbon layers, and carbon (for example,
Hard carbon, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microbeads, or mesophase carbon fiber)
Etc. can be used. If the negative electrode active material is carbon, the polymer electrolyte is added to 100 parts by weight of these carbons.
The performance is further improved by mixing 100 parts by weight (for example, 5 to 50 parts by weight). The polymer electrolyte used in the negative electrode may be the same as or different from the solid electrolyte sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, but is preferably the same. The carbon paste is coated on a copper foil and the solvent is removed by drying. The same solvent as that used for the positive electrode can be used as the solvent.

The copolymer and the plasticizer are dissolved in a solvent, an electrolyte salt compound (for example, lithium salt) and a polymerization initiator are added, and the solid electrolyte is directly coated on the positive electrode and the negative electrode by a method such as casting or coating with a coating machine. It is possible to form a membrane or coat the mixture on a suitable substrate and transfer the membrane of the solid electrolyte onto the positive or negative electrode. Examples of the solvent are toluene, xylene, benzene, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, THF (tetrahydrofuran) and the like. The thickness of the electrolyte membrane is 10 to 500 μm, for example 20 to
50 μm is preferable. The thickness of the positive electrode film and the negative electrode film is, for example, 10 to 200 μm.

It is also possible to disperse a granular filler such as particles of silica, alumina, zeolite or lithium inorganic solid electrolyte in the copolymer to increase the mechanical strength and conductivity of the polymer electrolyte and improve the charge / discharge characteristics. It is possible. The amount of the granular filler added is 1 to 30 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer.
A range of parts by weight is preferred. As the lithium inorganic solid electrolyte, LiI, Li ₄ SiO ₄ -Li ₃ PO ₄ , Li ₂ O-B ₂ O ₃ , L
There are i ₂ O-V ₂ O ₅ -SiO ₂ , Li ₃ AlN _{2 and the} like.

When a plasticizer is not used in the polymer solid electrolyte, a particularly preferable combination of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is (1) the positive electrode active material is LiNiO ₂ (a part of Ni is Co or B).
Or LiMn ₂ O ₄ and the negative electrode active material is lithium, lithium-aluminum alloy, or (2)
A lithium polymer battery in which the positive electrode active material is V ₂ O ₅ or V ₆ O ₁₃ and the negative electrode active material is lithium or a lithium-aluminum alloy. This battery is economical, has a high capacity, and does not generate lithium dendrite.

When a plasticizer is used in the solid electrolyte, a particularly preferable combination of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is a positive electrode active material of LiCoO ₂ , LiNiO ₂ (a part of Ni may be replaced by Co or B) or LiMn ₂ O ₄ and the negative electrode active material is one of hard carbon, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microbeads, and mesophase carbon fiber. Since this battery uses a carbon negative electrode, it does not generate lithium dendrite despite the fact that it contains a plasticizer, so it can be used safely.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the batteries obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 11. Battery is positive 1
1, having an electrolyte 12 and a negative electrode 13. The upper surface of the positive electrode has an Al current collector foil, and the lower surface of the negative electrode 13 has a Cu current collector foil.

[0080]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. To measure the molecular weight of the polyether copolymer, gel permeation chromatography measurement was performed, and the molecular weight was calculated by standard polystyrene conversion. The gel permeation chromatography measurement is carried out by Shimadzu Corporation measuring device RID-6A, Showa Denko KK column Showdex KD-807, KD-806, KD-80.
60 ° C. with 6M and KD-803 and solvent DMF
I went there.

Example 1 Method for Preparing Positive Electrode 2.0 g of LiMn ₂ O ₄ powder manufactured by Honjo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1.5 g of acetylene black (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK), ethylene oxide (90 mol%) and glycidyl ether compound. (A)

[Chemical 28] (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%)
Terpolymer (weight average molecular weight 900,000) 1.5
g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, LiBF ₄ 0.13
g and 18 g of acetonitrile were mixed with stirring to prepare a paste. This paste was applied on an aluminum foil and then dried to deposit a positive electrode substance on the aluminum foil.

Negative electrode preparation method 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads manufactured by Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., three parts of ethylene oxide (90 mol%), glycidyl ether compound (A) (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%). Original copolymer (weight average molecular weight 900,000) (copolymer similar to that in positive electrode) 1.5 g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, LiBF ₄
0.13 g and 18 g of acetonitrile were mixed under stirring to form a paste. This paste was applied on a copper foil and then dried to deposit a negative electrode substance on the copper foil.

Method for producing polymer electrolyte membrane Terpolymer of ethylene oxide (90 mol%), glycidyl ether compound (A) (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%) (weight average molecular weight 900,
000) (the same copolymer as in the positive electrode) 1.0
g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, LiBF ₄ 0.11
g and 18 g of acetonitrile were mixed and cast on a Teflon plate to produce a polymer electrolyte membrane having a thickness of 40 μm. This work was performed in a glove box in a dry argon atmosphere.

Battery assembly and charge / discharge of battery Negative electrode (diameter 16 mm, thickness 80 μm), polymer electrolyte (diameter 18 mm, thickness 40 μm), positive electrode (diameter 16 mm, thickness 80 μm)
μm) were stuck together to produce the battery shown in FIG. The cell was assembled in a glove box in a dry argon atmosphere. Next, the polymer of the polymer electrolyte membrane was cross-linked by heating the battery for 5 hours in a dryer at a temperature of 100 ° C. which was replaced with nitrogen. When the battery was charged to 4.5 V at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² and discharged to 3.5 V, a discharge capacity of 1.6 mAh was obtained.

Example 2 Production Method of Positive Electrode 2.0 g of LiMn ₂ O ₄ powder manufactured by Honjo Chemical Co., Ltd., graphite (KS-15) 1.5 manufactured by Lonza Japan Co., Ltd.
g, a terpolymer of ethylene oxide (90 mol%), glycidyl ether compound (A) (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%) (weight average molecular weight 90
5,000) 1.5 g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g,
N, N-m-phenylene bismaleimide 0.25 g, L
A paste was prepared by mixing 0.13 g of iBF ₄ and 18 g of acetonitrile with stirring. This paste was applied on an aluminum foil and then dried to deposit a positive electrode substance on the aluminum foil.

Preparation method of negative electrode 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads manufactured by Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., three kinds of ethylene oxide (90 mol%), glycidyl ether compound (A) (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%). Original copolymer (weight average molecular weight 900,000) (copolymer similar to that in positive electrode) 1.5 g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, N, N-m
-0.25 g of phenylene bismaleimide, LiBF ₄₀ .
A paste was prepared by mixing 13 g and 18 g of acetonitrile under stirring. This paste was applied on a copper foil and then dried to deposit a negative electrode substance on the copper foil.

Preparation Method of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Binary copolymer of ethylene oxide (96 mol%) and glycidyl ether compound (A) (4 mol%) (weight average molecular weight 1.9,000,000) 1.0 g, LiBF ₄₀ .11
g and 18 g of acetonitrile were mixed and cast on a Teflon plate to produce a polymer electrolyte membrane having a thickness of 40 μm. This work was performed in a glove box in a dry argon atmosphere.

Battery assembly and battery charging / discharging negative electrode (diameter 16 mm, thickness 80 μm), polymer electrolyte (diameter 18 mm, thickness 40 μm), positive electrode (diameter 16 mm, thickness 80 μm)
μm) were stuck together to produce the battery shown in FIG. The cell was assembled in a glove box in a dry argon atmosphere. Next, the polymer in the positive electrode and the negative electrode was cross-linked by heating the battery in a drier at 100 ° C. for nitrogen substitution for 5 hours. Temperature 50 ℃, current density
When it was charged to 4.5 V at 25 μA / cm ² and discharged to 3.5 V, a discharge capacity of 1.6 mAh was obtained.

[0089] except for changing the LiMn ₂ O ₄ powder 2.0g as an active material of Example 3 positive electrode Honjo Chemical Ltd. LiNi _0.9 Co _{0. 1} O2 powder 2.0g, in the same manner as in Example 1, crosslinked A battery having the polymer was prepared. A charge / discharge test was conducted at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² . The battery was charged to 4.2V and discharged to 2.5V. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4 2.0 g of LiMn ₂ O ₄ powder, which is the active material of the positive electrode, was added to LiCoO ₂
A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that 2.0 g of the powder was used. Temperature 50 ℃,
A charge / discharge test was performed at a current density of 25 μA / cm ² . The battery was charged to 4.2V and discharged to 2.5V. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 5 Same as Example 1 except that 2.0 g of LiMn ₂ O ₄ powder, which is the active material of the positive electrode, was replaced with 2.0 g of V ₂ O ₅ powder, and the negative electrode was replaced with a lithium foil having a thickness of 100 μm. A battery having a cross-linked polymer was produced by the procedure of 1. Temperature 50 ℃, current density 25μA
The charging / discharging test was performed at / cm ² . Charging / discharging was performed between 1.8V and 3.0V. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 6 Crosslinking was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.0 g of LiMn ₂ O ₄ powder, which is the active material of the positive electrode, was replaced with 2.0 g of TiS ₂ powder, and the negative electrode was replaced with a lithium foil having a thickness of 100 μm. A battery having the polymer was prepared. Temperature 50 ℃, current density 25μA
The charging / discharging test was performed at / cm ² . Charging / discharging was performed between 1.8V and 3.0V. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 7 A battery having a crosslinked polymer was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads, which was a negative electrode active material, was replaced with 2.5 g of hard carbon manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry. did. Temperature 50 ℃, current density 25μA /
The battery was charged to 4.2 V at cm ² and discharged to 2.5 V. The results are shown in Table 2. Example 8 Example 1 was repeated, except that 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads, which is a negative electrode active material, was replaced with 2.5 g of natural graphite.
A battery having a cross-linked polymer was prepared by the same procedure as in.
At a temperature of 50 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² , the battery was charged to 4.2 V and discharged to 2.5 V. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 9 A battery having a crosslinked polymer in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads, which is the negative electrode active material, was replaced with 2.5 g of mesophase carbon fiber manufactured by Petka KK Was produced. Temperature 50 ℃,
2.5V by charging up to 4.2V with a current density of 25μA / cm ^2.
Discharged up to. The results are shown in Table 2. Example 10 A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that a lithium foil (thickness 100 μm) was used as the negative electrode. Temperature 50 ℃, current density 25μA / cm ² 4.
Charged to 2V and discharged to 2.5V. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0094]

[Table 1]

[0095]

[Table 2]

Example 11 Production Method of Positive Electrode 2.0 g of LiCoO ₂ powder manufactured by Honjo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1.5 g of acetylene black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK, ethylene oxide (90 mol%) and glycidyl ether compound (A) ( 8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%) terpolymer (weight average molecular weight 900,00)
0) 1.0 g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, ethylene carbonate / diethyl carbonate (molar ratio 1: 1)
2.0 g, LiBF ₄ 0.40 g, acetonitrile 18 g
Were mixed under stirring to form a paste. This paste was applied on an aluminum foil and dried to deposit a positive electrode substance on the aluminum foil.

Method for producing negative electrode 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads manufactured by Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., three kinds of ethylene oxide (90 mol%), glycidyl ether compound (A) (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%) were prepared. Original copolymer (weight average molecular weight 900,000) (copolymer similar to that in positive electrode) 1.0 g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, ethylene carbonate / diethyl carbonate (molar ratio 1: 1)
2.0 g, LiBF ₄ 0.40 g, acetonitrile 18 g
Were mixed under stirring to form a paste. This paste was applied on a copper foil and dried to deposit a negative electrode substance.

Method for preparing polymer electrolyte membrane Terpolymer of ethylene oxide (90 mol%), glycidyl ether compound (A) (8 mol%) and allyl glycidyl ether (2 mol%) (weight average molecular weight 900,
000) (the same copolymer as in the positive electrode) 1.0
g, benzoyl peroxide 0.05 g, ethylene carbonate / diethyl carbonate (molar ratio 1: 1) 2.0 g,
LiBF ₄ 0.33 g and acetonitrile 18 g are mixed,
A polymer electrolyte membrane having a thickness of 40 μm was manufactured by casting on a Teflon plate. This work was performed in a glove box in a dry argon atmosphere.

Battery assembly and charge / discharge of battery Negative electrode (diameter 16 mm, thickness 80 μm), polymer electrolyte (diameter 18 mm, thickness 40 μm), positive electrode (diameter 16 mm, thickness 80 μm)
μm) were stuck together to produce the battery shown in FIG. The cell was assembled in a glove box in a dry argon atmosphere. The polymer of the polymer electrolyte was then crosslinked by heating the cell in a nitrogen purged oven at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 5 hours. Temperature 20
° C., was charged at a current density of 25 .mu.A / cm ² up to 4.2 V, 2.
When discharged to 5 V, a discharge capacity of 2.2 mAh was obtained.

Example 12 Example 1 was repeated except that 2.0 g of polyethylene glycol / diethyl carbonate (molar ratio 1: 1) as a plasticizer was replaced with 2.0 g of polyethylene glycol diethyl ether.
A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced by the same procedure as in 1. When the battery was charged to 4.2 V at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² and discharged to 2.5 V, a discharge capacity of 2.1 mAh was obtained.

Example 13 Except that 2.0 g of LiCoO ₂ powder, which is the active material of the positive electrode, was replaced with 2.0 g of LiNi _0.9 Co _0.1 O ₂ powder manufactured by Honjo Chemical Co., Ltd.
A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced by the procedure of Example 11. A charge / discharge test was conducted at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² . The battery was charged to 4.2V and discharged to 2.5V. The results are shown in Table 3.

Example 14 2.0 g of LiCoO ₂ powder, which is the positive electrode active material, was added to LiMn ₂ O ₄
A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced in the same procedure as in Example 11 except that 2.0 g of the powder was used. Temperature 20 ℃,
A charge / discharge test was performed at a current density of 25 μA / cm ² . It was charged to 4.5V and discharged to 3.5V. The results are shown in Table 3.

Example 15 The same procedure as in Example 11 except that 2.0 g of LiCoO ₂ powder as the active material of the positive electrode was replaced with 2.0 g of V ₂ O ₅ powder and the negative electrode was replaced with a lithium foil having a thickness of 100 μm. Then, a battery having a crosslinked polymer was prepared. Temperature 20 ℃, current density 25μA
The charging / discharging test was performed at / cm ² . Charging / discharging was performed between 1.8V and 3.0V. The results are shown in Table 3. Example 16 A crosslinked polymer was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 11 except that 2.0 g of LiCoO ₂ powder, which was the active material of the positive electrode, was replaced with 2.0 g of TiS ₂ powder, and the negative electrode was replaced with a lithium foil having a thickness of 100 μm. A battery having Temperature 20 ℃, current density 25μA
The charging / discharging test was performed at / cm ² . Charging / discharging was performed between 1.8V and 3.0V. The results are shown in Table 3.

Example 17 A battery having a crosslinked polymer was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 11 except that 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads, which was a negative electrode active material, was replaced with 2.5 g of hard carbon manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry. did. Temperature 20 ℃, current density 25μA
The battery was charged to 4.2 V at / cm ² and discharged to 2.5 V. The results are shown in Table 4. Example 18 Example 1 was repeated, except that 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads, which is a negative electrode active material, was replaced with 2.5 g of natural graphite.
A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced by the same procedure as in 1. At a temperature of 20 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² , the battery was charged to 4.2V and discharged to 2.5V. The results are shown in Table 4.

Example 19 A battery having a crosslinked polymer in the same procedure as in Example 11 except that 2.5 g of mesophase carbon microbeads as the negative electrode active material was replaced with 2.5 g of mesophase carbon fiber manufactured by Petka KK Was produced. Temperature 20 ℃,
2.5V by charging up to 4.2V with a current density of 25μA / cm ^2.
Discharged up to. The results are shown in Table 4. Example 20 A battery having a crosslinked polymer was produced in the same procedure as in Example 11 except that a lithium foil (thickness 100 μm) was used as the negative electrode. At a temperature of 20 ° C. and a current density of 25 μA / cm ² , the battery was charged to 4.2V and discharged to 2.5V. The results are shown in Table 4.
Shown in.

[0106]

[Table 3]

[0107]

[Table 4]

Comparative Example 1 A battery was assembled in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that polyethylene oxide was used as the ternary copolymer in the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane. Temperature 50 ℃,
2.5V with a current density of 25μA / cm ² charged to 4.2V
When it was discharged up to, the discharge capacity was only 0.5 mAh.

[0109]

The lithium battery of the present invention is small and lightweight,
Large charge / discharge capacity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the batteries obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 11.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Positive electrode, 12 ... Electrolyte, 13 ... Negative electrode.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takahiro Endo 9 Otakasu Town, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture Daiso Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-2-38451 (JP, A) JP-A-2-56870 ( JP, A) JP 5-205780 (JP, A) JP 11-111334 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01M 10/40

Claims (17)

(57) [Claims] 1. A positive electrode comprising (i) a positive electrode active material,
(Ii) a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, and (iii)
(A) Formula (I): [In the formula, each of R ¹ and R ² is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
A cycloalkyl group, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms and a tetrahydropyranyl group, each of m and n is 1 to 1.
It is a number of twelve. ] 0.5 to 99 mol% of repeating units derived from a monomer represented by the formula (B), formula (II): Repeating unit 99.5 derived from the monomer represented by
˜1 mol%, (C) a repeating unit derived from a monomer having one epoxy group and at least one reactive functional group, 0 to
15 mol% and has a weight average molecular weight of 10 ³ to 1
A lithium polymer battery comprising a polymer solid electrolyte comprising a polyether copolymer of 0 ⁷ or a crosslinked product of the polyether copolymer and an electrolyte salt compound. 2. The positive electrode active material is LiCoO _2.
The lithium polymer battery described. 3. The positive electrode active material is LiNiO ₂ (a part of Ni is C
may be substituted with o or B). 4. The positive electrode active material is LiMn ₂ O _4.
The lithium polymer battery described. 5. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode active material is V ₂ O ₅ or V ₆ O ₁₃ . 6. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode active material is TiS ₂ . 7. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode active material is lithium or a lithium-aluminum alloy. 8. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode active material is carbon. 9. The carbon material is at least one of hard carbon, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microbeads, and mesophase carbon fiber.
The lithium polymer battery described. 10. The positive electrode active material is LiCoO ₂ , LiNiO.
₂ (a part of Ni may be replaced by Co or B) or LiMn ₂ O ₄ , and the negative electrode active material is lithium, lithium-aluminum alloy, hard carbon, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microbeads. ,
The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, which is at least one kind of mesophase carbon fiber. 11. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode is formed by mixing 5 to 100 parts by weight of a solid polymer electrolyte with 100 parts by weight of a positive electrode active material. 12. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode is formed by mixing 100 parts by weight of carbon with 5 to 100 parts by weight of a solid polymer electrolyte. 13. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the copolymer of the solid polymer electrolyte is crosslinked. 14. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the solid polymer electrolyte is a copolymer in which a granular filler selected from silica, alumina, zeolite or a lithium inorganic solid electrolyte is dispersed. 15. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the solid polymer electrolyte contains an aprotic organic solvent or a plasticizer which is a polyalkylene glycol derivative having an average molecular weight of 200 to 5,000 or a lithium salt thereof. 16. The plasticizer is one or more kinds of aprotic organic solvents such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, γ-butyl lactone or polyalkylene glycol. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, which is an ether or ester derivative of 17. The lithium polymer battery according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is 5 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the copolymer.