JP3424858B2 - Natural lock device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a natural lock device for supporting a work piece at an appropriate position to prevent the work piece from bending and to prevent a precision error due to chattering during cutting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when surface machining of a work W having a low rigidity is performed, a clamp portion of the work W is placed and clamped on a pad or the like fixed to a jig base, and a jig for the work W is used. The part that floats from the base is supported by a natural lock device to prevent bending due to processing and to prevent chattering. This natural lock device 3
In FIG. 8, what is referred to as a constantly protruding type is a main body 1 that is mounted at an appropriate position on a jig base 1 as shown in FIG.
The support rod 12A for supporting the work W is movably supported in the vertical direction on 0A, and the support rod 12A is biased upward by the spring 14A attached to the lower part of the support rod 12A. It projects more upward. Then, when the work W is placed on the fixed pad 2 on the jig base 1, the support rod 12A in a protruding state comes into contact with the lower surface of the work W so as to descend. In the natural lock device 3, a lock member 20A movable in both slope directions is interposed between the push slope 16B of the piston rod 16A and the lock slope 12B of the support rod 12A, and the lock cylinder 15A is operated to operate the piston rod 16A. The pushing slope surface 16B pushes the pushing surface 20B formed by the inclined surface of the lock member 20A to press the lock surface 20C formed by the inclined surface of the lock member 20A against the locking inclined surface 12B to fix the support rod 12A at the position where it abuts against the work W. To support the work W. In addition to such a constantly protruding type, there is a always retractable type in which the support rod 12A is lifted from below to support the lower surface of the work after the work W is placed on the pad. As shown in FIG. 9, this apparatus supports a support rod 12D on a main body 10B so as to be vertically movable, and urges a support rod 12D in a protruding direction by a spring 14B while pulling a cylinder 61 into the support rod 12D.
When connecting A and setting the work W on the pad,
By pulling in the retracting cylinder 61A, the support rod 12D is kept below the lower surface of the work, and the piston rod 12
By releasing the pulling in of D, the support rod 12D is pushed out by the spring force of the spring 14B and brought into contact with the lower surface of the work W. Then, by operating the piston rod 16C of the lock cylinder 15B provided in parallel with the support rod 12D to the pulling side, the pushing surface 20E composed of the inclined surface of the lock member 20D is supported via the toggle mechanism 60 having the tip of the piston rod 16C connected thereto. The locking rod 12E of the rod 12D is pressed to fix the support rod 12D in contact with the lower surface of the work W.

[0003]

As described above, in both the normal pull-in type and the normal projecting type, the lock rod formed by the inclined surface of the lock member is pressed against the locking slope of the support rod in a face-to-face manner. However, due to manufacturing errors and the like, the locking slope and the lock surface that should come into contact with each other often make one-sided contact, and as a result, the fixation of the support rod becomes unstable, resulting in workpiece machining. At times, there is a first problem that chattering occurs even though the natural lock device is used. Further, in the conventional natural lock device, since the lock cylinder is provided in parallel with and vertically to the support rod, the height of the entire device is high, and there is a second problem that the mounting in a narrow mounting space below the work is restricted. there were. Further, in the conventional structure shown in FIG. 8, since a lock member having a predetermined length is arranged between the piston rod of the lock cylinder and the support rod, the load applied from above the work during machining causes the support rod to pass through the support rod. There is a third problem that a large strain is generated in the lock member, and the support rod is pushed down by that amount, so that the work cannot be accurately supported.
In addition, in the conventional always retractable natural lock device, in order to retract the support rod, in addition to the lock cylinder, a retracting cylinder is separately provided, so that the device becomes larger and There was also a fourth problem that required the piping of. The first object of the present invention is to
The purpose of the invention is to obtain a natural lock device in which the position of the support rod that supports the work is fixed. A second problem is to obtain a natural lock device that can be installed in a narrow mounting space by reducing the height of the device as a whole and downsizing it. Further, a third object of the present invention is to obtain a natural lock device capable of supporting a work with high accuracy and reducing the number of parts, by making it possible to extremely reduce the amount of pushing down of the support rod even when a large load is applied during processing. It is in. A fourth object is to provide a continuous retractable natural lock device that does not require a retracting cylinder.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the lock surface of the lock member that is pressed against the locking slope is a circular arc lock surface in the vertical direction. When the push slope formed on the piston rod of the lock cylinder rises, the push surface of the lock member is pushed to press the lock surface of the lock member against the locking slope, and the support rod at the position where it abuts the bottom surface of the work is fixed. In the natural lock device configured to support the above, in addition to the structure of claim 1, as in claim 2, the pressing surface of the lock member is also an arc pressing surface, so that between the arc pressing surface and the pressing slope surface. It is also preferable because it also eliminates uneven contact. According to a third aspect of the present invention , the lock member is disposed on the main body so that the lock member can move forward and backward in a direction orthogonal to the support rod on the side of the support rod, and the lock member is provided in parallel with the forward and backward direction of the lock member. The lock surface of the lock member is connected to form a vertical arc locking surface, and the arc locking surface is inclined in the advancing / retreating direction of the lock member, and the locking slope is formed on the slope of the arc locking surface. In addition, it is characterized in that the lock member is inclined in the advancing / retreating direction. Further, in claims 2 and 3, the lock cylinder
And the support rod, the lock cylinder unlocks
The support rod forcibly retracts the
Connected. A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a lock cylinder is configured by directly connecting large and small pistons to both axial ends of the lock member of the third aspect.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the invention, when the support rod is located at a position where the work is supported, the lock cylinder is actuated so that the vertical arcuate lock surface of the lock member is pressed against the locking slope of the support rod in line contact with the support. Securely fix the rod. According to claim 2, when the support rod is at the position supporting the work, the piston rod is raised by the operation of the lock cylinder,
The lock member is moved in the horizontal direction and pressed against the support rod. The vertical circular arc pushing surface of the lock member makes line contact with the pushing slope of the piston rod, and the vertical circular arc locking surface of the lock member also comes into pressure contact with the locking slope of the support rod at each line.
Securely fix the support rod. According to claim 3, when the support rod is at the position supporting the work, the piston rod advances and retreats in the direction orthogonal to the support rod by the operation of the lock cylinder, and the vertical arc of the lock member connected to the piston rod. The locking surface comes into line contact with the locking slope of the support rod to securely fix the support rod. Since the lock cylinder is horizontal, the height of the entire device is reduced. Contract
In the requirements 2 and 3, the lock cylinder unlocking operation is further performed.
At, the support rod is mechanically retracted . In claim 4,
A piston is connected to both ends of the lock member to form a lock cylinder, and the lock cylinder has a lock member. Therefore, the lock cylinder has a lock member that is completely separate from the lock cylinder during processing, as in the device of claim 2. With respect to the load applied to the support rod, the distorted portion is reduced, the support rod is less pushed down during processing, and the lock member device can be supported more accurately, and the entire locking member device can be made more compact.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, reference numeral 1 is a jig base of a machine tool for performing surface machining or the like, and a plurality of pads 2 on which a work W is placed are erected upright. The work W is placed on the plate, clamped, and processed. The work W is a cast product and is supported by a natural lock device 3 which is disposed at an appropriate position on the jig base 1 between the pad 2 and the pad 2 so that the work W has low rigidity and does not bend during processing. The natural lock device 3 has a main body 10 in the shape of a substantially circular rod, both sides of which are cut parallel to each other, and the lower portion is fastened to a support base 11. The support base 11 is fastened on the jig base 1 by fastening bolts 6 (shown in FIG. 2).

A through hole 10a is vertically formed in the main body 10, and a support rod 12 for supporting the work W is inserted through the through hole 10a with a metal plate 13 fixed to the tip end thereof so as to be vertically movable. The support rod 12 is urged upward by a compression spring 14 interposed between the step of the lower small-diameter portion 12a and the support base 11, and as shown in FIG. The work W can be moved between the positions indicated by the dashed line and the work W is supported between these positions. Also, small diameter part 1
A pull-in engagement portion 12b that engages with a return lever 25, which will be described later, is provided at the lower end of 2a.
The lower surface side is open and is located in the accommodation space 11a communicating with the through hole 10a. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the support rod 12, a locking slope 12c (inclination angle 6) which is inclined so as to approach the axis from the top to the bottom located in the main body 10.
Degree) has been removed.

A lock cylinder 15 is provided in the main body 10 in parallel with the support rod 12. Lock cylinder 1
The piston rod 16 of No. 5 is formed with a push slope 16a (inclination angle of 8 degrees) opposite to the locking slope 12c facing the locking slope 12c of the support rod 12. A lock member 20 is interposed between the locking slope 12c and the pushing slope 16a, and is horizontally movable in the directions of the slopes 12c and 16a. The lock member 20 has a substantially rectangular shape, and the lock surface that abuts on the locking slope 12c of the support rod 12 is formed as a vertical arcuate lock surface 20a, and the push surface that abuts on the lock member 20 pushing sloped surface 16a is a vertical arc. It is formed on the pushing surface 20b. The lock member 20 is provided with an oil supply hole 21 so that the lubricating oil is supplied (the supply source is omitted) to the arc lock surface 20a, the arc push surface 20b, and the connection portion with the main body 10 through the supply oil passage 10b. .

The piston rod 16 is inserted into a rod hole 17 of the main body 10, and a piston 16a integral with the piston rod 16 is inserted into a piston chamber 18 which communicates with the rod hole 17 and is movably supported in the vertical direction. . The piston chamber 18 has an upper empty chamber 18a and a lower empty chamber 18b, and hydraulic passages 19a and 19b are provided in the upper empty chamber 18a and the lower empty chamber 18b, respectively, and the piston rod 16 is moved up and down by pressure supply from a pressure supply source. An orifice for controlling the moving speed of the lock cylinder 15 is provided in the middle of the hydraulic passages 19a and 19b. The lower end of the piston 16a projects into the accommodation space 11a of the support base 11.

The return lever 25 has a base end 25a supported by a pin 26 fixed to the support base 11 and is capable of swinging up and down. A tip end 25b is located below the support rod 12 and the pull-in engagement portion 12b. Abuts from above. Further, a push-down engaging portion 25c is provided in the middle portion of the return lever 25 so that it can contact the lower end of the piston 16a, and the piston 16a of the lock cylinder 15 is unlocked by the unlocking operation X. The push-down engagement portion 25c is pushed down by the piston 16a,
A returning mechanism 28 for forcibly retracting the support rod 12 to the standby position A (the position where the support rod 12 is below the lower surface of the work W) is configured. This push-down engaging portion 25c
A space is formed between the lower surface of the piston 16a and the lower surface of the piston 16a when the lock rod 20 locks the support rod 12 by the upward movement of the piston rod 16.

Next, the operation will be described. First, the piston 16a of the lock cylinder 15 is moved down to the unlock position X, and the support rod 12 is pulled into the standby position A shown by the chain double-dashed line as shown in FIG. Then, the surface of the work W is processed, so that the work W is placed on the pad 2. In this state, when the piston rod 16 of the lock cylinder 15 is raised, it is pushed down onto the lower surface of the piston 16a and the engaging portion 2
Since 5c is in pressure contact, the support rod 12 engages the return lever 25 with the spring force of the compression spring 14 in accordance with the rising speed of the piston rod 16, and the position B where the tip of the support rod 12 contacts the lower surface of the workpiece W. Project upwards and stop. At this time, the lower surface of the piston 16a and the push-down engaging portion 25
The parts c are still in contact with each other, and the lock member 20 is not horizontally moved to the position where the support rod is locked. Subsequently, the piston rod 16 rises, a gap is formed between the lower surface of the piston 16a and the push-down engaging portion 25c, the push slope surface 16a of the piston rod 16 is pressed against the arc pushing surface 20b of the lock member 20, and the arc locking surface 20a is supported by the support rod. 12
The support rod 12 supporting the work W is fixed by being pressed against the locking slope 12c.

At this time, the arcuate lock surface 20 of the lock member 20.
a and the circular arc pushing surface 20b are locking slopes 1 of the support rod 12.
2c and the pushing slope 16a of the piston rod 16 are compressed by line contact, respectively, and the support rod 12 securely supports the work W without causing a single contact due to surface contact as in the conventional case.
To fix. Therefore, chattering and vibration at the time of processing are surely prevented. When the surface machining of the work W is completed, the lock cylinder 15 operates, the piston rod 16 descends, and the support rod 12 is pushed down via the return lever 25 of the return mechanism 28 to return to the standby position A. In this way, the return mechanism 28 for pulling the support rod 12 to the standby position A is provided in the lock cylinder 15
Since it is designed to work with, the retracting cylinder is no longer required.

Next, another embodiment of the natural lock device 3 will be described. 4, 5 and 6, the main body 31 of the natural lock device 3 is block-shaped and the lower part is fastened to the upper surface of the jig base 1. A through hole 31a is vertically formed in the main body 31, and a support rod 32 for supporting the work W is inserted into the through hole 31a so as to move vertically with a metal plate 33 fixed to the tip. The support rod 32 is biased upward by a compression spring 34 interposed between a step with the lower small diameter portion 32a and a plate 33 attached to the lower surface of the main body 31. The support rod 32 has a locking slope 32b that is inclined from the top to the bottom of the portion located in the main body 31 so as to approach the axis.
(Inclination angle 6 degrees) is provided.

As shown in FIG. 5, the locking slope 32b is also inclined in the horizontal direction, and the locking surface 41 of the locking member 41 described later is formed.
It is adjusted to the inclination of a. A guide pin 35 is fastened by a set bolt 36 just below the locking slope 32b. Both ends of the guide pin 35 protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the support rod 32, one end 35a is inserted into the long groove 37 of the main body 31, and the other end 35b is cut out into a semicircle of the main body 31 to form the escape groove 3
It is inserted in 8 and is movable in the vertical direction. Further, a lock member 41 is supported on the main body 31 so as to move forward and backward in a direction orthogonal to the support rod 32 on the side of the support rod 32.

The lock member 41 has an arcuate lock surface 41a in which the lock surface pressed against the locking slope 32b of the support rod 32 has an arc shape in the vertical direction. Further, the arcuate lock surface 41a is inclined in the advancing / retreating direction of the lock member 41 (inclination angle is 8 degrees), and is downward rightward in the arrow direction as shown in FIG. It is adapted to come into pressure contact with the locking slope 32b. A large piston 42 disposed in the large cylinder chamber 44 of the main body 31 is provided at one axial end of the lock member 41, and a small piston 43 disposed in the small cylinder chamber 45 of the main body 31 is provided at the other end. The lock cylinder 40 is constructed by directly connecting the ends of the large and small cylinder chambers 44 and 45 with the large and small caps 48 and 49. Further, the large and small pistons 42 and 43 are moved by the pressure supply from the pressure hole 46 of the large cylinder chamber 44 and the pressure hole 47 of the small cylinder chamber 45 to move the lock member 41.
Are designed to move forward and backward (the discharge hole is not shown). Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the guide pin 3 is provided on the lower surface of the lock member 41 when the lock member 41 retracts (direction of arrow S).
5, the other end 35b of 5 is pressed down slope 5
1 is formed to configure a returning mechanism 50 that pushes down the guide pin 35 during unlocking to forcibly pull in the support rod 32 to return to the standby position A shown by the solid line.

Next, the operation will be described. By supplying pressure oil to the large cylinder chamber 44 and engaging the push-down slope 51 with the pin 35, the support rod 32 is set to the standby position A (position in solid line) and the work W is placed on the pad 2 as shown in FIG. Placed. In this state, the lock cylinder 40 is actuated to move the lock member 41 forward together with the large and small pistons 42 and 43 (in the direction of arrow G), the push-down slope 51 of the lock member 41 and the guide pin 35 are disengaged, and the support rod 32 is released. Is pushed up by the spring force of the compression spring 34, protrudes to a position B where it abuts the lower surface of the work W between the maximum protruding position of the support rod 32 shown by the chain double-dashed line, and stops. At this time, the lock by the lock member 41 is not performed. Subsequently, the lock member 41 moves forward, and the arcuate lock surface 41a of the lock member 41 presses the locking inclined surface 32b of the support rod 32 to fix the support rod 32 supporting the work W (state of FIG. 6).

Also in this example, the locking slope 32b of the support rod 32 and the arcuate lock surface 41a of the lock member 41 are pressed against each other in a line contact manner to securely fix the support rod 32 as in the above-described embodiment. Further, in this embodiment, since the lock cylinder 40 is orthogonal to the support rod 32 and is oriented in the horizontal direction, the height of the entire apparatus is lowered, and the apparatus can be installed in a narrow installation space.
Moreover, the lock cylinder 40 has a structure in which the pistons 42 and 43 are directly connected to both axial ends of the lock member 41, and the lock cylinder 40 includes the lock member 41. Since the lock member 41 is not provided, even if a load is applied to the support rod 32 during processing, the strain of the lock member 41 can be further reduced, and the pushing-down movement amount of the support rod 32 can be suppressed to a small amount. In addition to being able to support with high precision, the lock member 41 is included in the lock cylinder 40.
The number of parts is also reduced. Further, since the movement speed of the guide pin 35 is adjusted to the movement speed of the piston rod 41 through the depression slope 51 of the lock member 41 by the operation of the lock cylinder 40, the work W of the support rod 32 at the time of locking is suddenly pushed up. In addition, there is no need for a retracting cylinder.

In these embodiments, the always retractable natural lock device has been described, but it is needless to say that by omitting the returning device from these embodiments, the always retractable natural lock device can be obtained. Of course, even in such a case, in the present application, the locking surface of the locking member with respect to the locking slant surface of the support rod is, of course, formed into an arc locking surface. Further, in the natural lock device of the type in which the lock cylinder is provided in parallel with the support rod, the toggle mechanism may be used as the conventional mechanism for converting the operation of the lock cylinder into the movement of the lock member.

Next, in the present invention, preferred embodiments of the returning mechanism will be described collectively. (1) On the main body, one end of a return lever is pivotally supported below the piston rod and opposite to the support rod with respect to the lock cylinder. The return mechanism is provided with a push-down engagement portion that is pushed down, the tip of which is located below the support rod, and the support rod is provided with a pull-in engagement portion below the tip of the return lever. The natural lock device described in 2. (2) A return inclined surface is provided below the circular arc locking surface of the lock member, and an engagement pin that engages with the return inclined surface and pulls in the support rod when the lock cylinder unlocks is integrated with the support rod. The natural lock device according to claim 3, wherein the natural lock device is provided on the back side to constitute a return mechanism.

[0020]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the lock surface of the lock member for fixing the support rod is the arcuate lock surface in the vertical direction, it is possible to press the locking slope of the support rod in line contact. The support rod can be securely fixed without causing one-sided contact as in the conventional case, and chatter vibration can be prevented. Further, in the invention of claim 3, since the arc lock surface of the lock member is pressed against the locking slope of the support rod in line contact by the operation of the lock cylinder that moves the lock member in the orthogonal direction with respect to the vertical support rod, The support rods were securely fixed, and the lock cylinders were mounted in parallel, so the height was low and the size was reduced, enabling mounting in a narrow mounting space. Further, in claims 2 and 3, the lock
Since the support rod is pulled in by the operation of the Linda,
With the retractable natural lock device,
There is an advantage that the binder can be eliminated and piping etc. can be omitted. Further, according to claim 4, since the lock cylinder has a structure including the lock member and does not have the lock member separately from the lock cylinder, the number of parts can be reduced and the lock member is large due to the load applied to the support rod during processing. The work can be supported accurately without being distorted .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a natural lock device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a II view of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of the natural lock device of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional natural lock device.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional natural lock device.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 Natural lock device, 10, 31 Main body, 1
2, 32 support rods, 12c, 32b locking slopes,
14,34 Compression spring, 15,40 Lock cylinder, 16 Piston rod, 16a Push slope, 2
0,41 lock member, 20a, 41a circular arc lock surface, 20b circular arc pushing surface, 25 return lever, 2
8,50 Return mechanism, W work

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23Q 3/06 B23Q 3/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A support rod for supporting a work is movably supported in a vertical direction on a main body and is urged upward, and the support rod has a locking slope inclined so as to approach a shaft center downward. A natural lock device that supports the work by holding the lock surface of the lock member by pressing the lock surface of the main body against the lock slope by the operation of the lock cylinder provided in the main body, and fixing the support rod at the position in contact with the lower surface of the work. In the natural lock device, the lock surface of the lock member that is pressed against the locking slope is a circular arc lock surface in the vertical direction. 2. A support rod for supporting a work is movably supported in the vertical direction on the main body and is urged upward, and this support rod has a locking slope inclined so as to approach the axial center downward. A lock cylinder is provided on the main body in parallel with the support rod, and a push rod is formed on the piston rod of the lock cylinder so as to face the locking slope, and between the locking slope and the push slope. Is a position where the lock member is movably interposed in the direction of both slopes and the push slope rises to push the push surface of the lock member to press the lock surface of the lock member against the lock slope and to contact the lower surface of the work. of the support rod to secure natural locking apparatus to support the workpiece, the arc locking surface a locking surface in the vertical direction of the locking member, also the pushing surface to the arc pushing surface in the vertical direction in the body, the piston Below the rod and lock
Place one end of the return lever on the opposite side of the support rod to the Linda.
It is pivotally supported, and this return lever is fixed in the middle.
Equipped with a push-down engagement part that is pushed down by the lower end of the
At the same time, its tip is located below the support rod,
Is equipped with a pull-in engagement part under the tip of the return lever
The lock cylinder and the support rod.
The support rod is forcibly pulled when the
Natural lock device characterized by being connected by a retracting mechanism . 3. A support rod for supporting a work is movably supported in the vertical direction on the main body and is urged upward, and this support rod has a locking slope inclined so as to approach the axial center downward. A natural lock device that supports the work by holding the lock surface of the lock member by pressing the lock surface of the main body against the lock slope by the operation of the lock cylinder provided in the main body, and fixing the support rod at the position in contact with the lower surface of the work. In the above, the lock member is disposed on the main body so that it can move forward and backward in a direction orthogonal to the support rod on the side of the support rod, and the lock member is connected to a lock cylinder provided parallel to the forward and backward direction of the lock member. The locking surface of the member is an arc locking surface in the vertical direction, the arc locking surface is provided so as to be inclined in the advancing and retracting direction of the locking member, and the locking slope is the arc locking surface. In accordance with the slope, inclined forward and backward direction of the locking member, further, the arc locking surface of a locking member
Side is provided with a return slope, and the support rod has a lock cylinder.
When the da is unlocked, it engages the return slope.
Locking with the engaging pin that pulls in the support rod integrally
The lock cylinder unlocks the cylinder and the support rod.
When pulling back, the support rod is forcibly pulled back
A natural lock device characterized by being linked by a mechanism . 4. A large pin and a small pin at each axial end of the lock member.
Connect the stone directly to connect the large and small pistons to the large piston
4. The natural lock device according to claim 3, wherein the lock cylinder is arranged in the ton chamber and the small piston chamber .