JP3424035B2 - Outer ring of constant velocity ball joint - Google Patents
Outer ring of constant velocity ball jointInfo
- Publication number
- JP3424035B2 JP3424035B2 JP28754694A JP28754694A JP3424035B2 JP 3424035 B2 JP3424035 B2 JP 3424035B2 JP 28754694 A JP28754694 A JP 28754694A JP 28754694 A JP28754694 A JP 28754694A JP 3424035 B2 JP3424035 B2 JP 3424035B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ball joint
- outer ring
- chamfer portion
- chamfer
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
- F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
- F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
- F16D3/224—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a sphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
- F16D2300/10—Surface characteristics; Details related to material surfaces
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車等に使用される
等速ボールジョイントの外輪につき、鍛造成形性と転動
疲労寿命とを改善した外輪に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】等速ボールジョイントは、一例として固
定型のものを図３（Ａ）に示すが、マウス部１ａの内面
に軌道面１１を形成した外輪１と、該マウス部１ａ内に
配置して外面に軌道面２１を備えた内輪２と、外輪１及
び内輪２の間で対応する軌道面１１、２１に介装されて
転動する数個のボール３と、該ボール３の配置を規制す
る保持器（ケージ）４とから構成されており、動力伝達
手段として自動車等に広く使用されている。
【０００３】外輪のマウス部１ａの内面は、図３（Ｂ）
に示すように、上記保持器４の外面が摺動する内球面１
２とされ、軌道面１１がこの内球面１２に数条の溝に形
成され、軌道面１１と内球面１２との間に、フラット状
のチャンファー部１３が形成されている。他方、マウス
部１ａの反対側には、回転軸に嵌合されるステム部１ｂ
を一体に備えており、このステム部１ｂは、その外周に
回転軸に嵌合して連結されるセレーション１９が転造刻
設されている。
【０００４】このようなボールジョイントの外輪は、中
炭素構造用鋼のマウス部内面に高周波焼入れして表面硬
化層７を形成し、これにより、ボールが転動往復する軌
道面に耐摩耗性を付与して、外輪の転動疲労寿命を確保
していた。ボールジョイントの使用時には、マウス部軌
道面１１には、ボール３が転動往復することから、ボー
ル３の面圧による繰り返し応力が作用する。
【０００５】過酷な条件下での多くの実験によると、ボ
ールからの負荷により外輪軌道面１１と内球面１２との
間のチャンファー部１３に亀裂が発生し、軌道面側及び
内球面側に亀裂が伝播して、大きな剥離に進展すること
が明らかになった。従来のチャンファー部は、図２にそ
の部分拡大図を示すように、フラット状に面取りされて
はいるが、このチャンファー部１３は、ボール３の荷重
Ｆの負荷により軌道面１１のボール接触部位で発生する
集中応力Ｐｆmax よりも大きい集中応力Ｐｃmax の発生
部位１３０となって、亀裂発生の起点となっていたので
ある。
【０００６】従来技術としては、ボールジョイントの浸
炭材による内輪に関するものであるが、内輪の外球面と
軌道面との間のチャンファー部をＲ面状に形成して応力
集中を少なくし、チャンファー部表層を残留オーステナ
イト量３０〜６０％の範囲の焼入れ層にして表層の靱性
を高め、チャンファー部での亀裂の発生を防止し、耐久
性を改善しようとした内輪が、実開平３−９９２３０号
明細書に掲載されている。
【０００７】また、ボールジョイント外輪の従来の製造
法としては、熱間鍛造によりステム部とマウス部とを一
体に粗成形し、この粗成形品を冷間絞り加工によりマウ
ス部内面に所望の軌道面と内球面とを成形し、その成形
品を高周波焼入れしていた。この絞り加工法は、粗成形
品のマウス部内側に割型ポンチを嵌挿し、マウス部の外
周側にダイスの内面を外嵌して、絞り加工を施してい
た。
【０００８】この絞り加工方法は、冷間加工であること
から、外輪マウス部１ａの内球面１２と軌道面１１との
成形精度が高いので、内球面１２と軌道面１１とは熱処
理後に研削だけで仕上げられていた。従来のフラット状
チャンファー部１３も絞り加工の際に同時に成形してい
た。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ボールジョイントの外
輪は、低炭素低合金鋼（肌焼鋼）の浸炭材を使用するよ
りも、素材のコスト及び熱処理コストの点から、中炭素
鋼の高周波焼入れ材を利用するのが有利である。他方、
外輪を上記の冷間絞り加工などの冷間鍛造により一体に
成形しようとすると、従来の中炭素鋼（例えば、Ｓ５３
Ｃ材）は、Ｃ含有量が高くて硬質であり、加工硬化も大
きいので、冷間鍛造性・冷間加工性が悪いという問題が
あった。
【００１０】上記の冷間絞り加工の過程で、割型ポンチ
の型面に沿って、軌道面１１と内球面１２とチャンファ
ー部１３が同時に成形されるが、中炭素鋼材料が硬いの
で、チャンファー部１３の型面への充填が不完全とな
り、寸法精度の高いチャンファー部１３を成形するのが
困難であり、また、型寿命も低かった。
【００１１】本発明は、型鍛造に適した高周波焼入れ材
料により寸法精度の高いチャンファー部を一体に成形
し、同時にチャンファー部での応力集中を軽減して転動
疲労寿命の改善を図った等速ボールジョイントの外輪を
提供せんとするものである。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段とその作用】本発明の等速
ボールジョイントの外輪は、鋼により鍛造成形され、マ
ウス部内面に内球面と軌道面とを有し、且つ、該内面に
高周波焼入れによる表面硬化層を備えて成る等速ボール
ジョイントの外輪であって、上記鋼が、Ｃ０．５０〜
０．５８％、Ｓｉ０．１０％以下、Ｍｎ０．７０〜０．
９０％及びＣｒ０．１０％以下の組成を有し、上記内球
面と軌道面との間のチャンファー部を断面円弧状にした
ことを特徴とする。
【００１３】本発明の外輪のチャンファー部１３は、従
来のフラット形状に対して、図１にチャンファー部の部
分拡大図で示す如く、円弧面１３１に形成されているの
で、過酷な条件下では、軌道面１１を転動するボールの
接触によってチャンファー部１１に圧縮応力を生じて
も、そのチャンファー部１１における集中応力Ｐｃmax
は軽減され、亀裂の発生を遅延させる。そこで、チャン
ファー部１３での剥離発生寿命を向上させるので、外輪
全体としての疲労寿命の改善に有効である。
【００１４】チャンファー部での剥離を防止するために
は、チャンファー部での応力集中をできるだけ小さくす
る必要があり、この点から、チャンファー部１３の円弧
面１３１の曲率半径ｒは、０．５〜２．０ｍｍにする。
【００１５】本発明は、この円弧状チャンファー部を具
備した外輪の形成に使用する鋼材料を、低Ｓｉ−低Ｃｒ
として、チャンファー部も含めて冷間絞り加工により成
形が容易で、且つ、高周波焼入れによる表面硬化層の形
成に適したものを使用する。
【００１６】この鋼組成について具体的に説明すると、
先ず、Ｃ含有量は、高周波焼入れによる表面の硬度をＨ
ＲＣ５８以上確保するためには、０．５０％Ｃ以上を必
要とするが、０．５８％Ｃを超えると熱間鍛造後の冷間
鍛造性・加工性が低下するので、上限を０．５８％Ｃと
する。
【００１７】Ｓｉは、冷間鍛造性・加工性を低下させる
ので、Ｓｉ含有量の上限を０．１０％Ｓｉに規制する必
要がある。ＣｒもＳｉと同様に、冷間鍛造性・加工性を
低下させるので、０．１０％Ｃｒ以下に低減する。
【００１８】他方、Ｍｎ含有量については、上記Ｃ含有
量の範囲で、Ｓｉ及びＣｒの低減による焼入れ性を補償
するため、０．７０％Ｍｎ以上を必要とする。しかし、
Ｍｎ含有量の増加は冷間鍛造性・加工性を害するので、
上限を０．９０％Ｍｎとする。
【００１９】鋼中不純物については、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｏは極力
低減するが、特に、Ｏの低減の為にＡｌ脱酸鋼とするの
がよい。この場合、Ａｌ含有量は、ｓｏｌＡｌ０．１５
〜０．４０％の範囲とするのが好ましい。また、他の不
純物として、Ｃｕ０．３０％以下に、ＮｉとＭｏを共に
０．２０％以下にすることが好ましい。
【００２０】上記組成の鋼材料から外輪を成形する際に
は、鋼素材から熱間型鍛造によりステム部とマウス部を
一体に成形する。次に冷間絞り加工により、マウス部の
開口部を絞ると共に、内球面と軌道面を仕上げ成形し、
同時にその間のチャンファー部を円弧状に成形する。上
記組成の鋼は軟質で塑性流動が良好であるから、所望の
チャンファー部形状を高精度に成形することが可能とな
る。成形した外輪は、その内面に高周波加熱と注水によ
る表面焼入れを行い、低温焼戻しをして、マウス部内面
の内球面と軌道面及びチャンフアー部に焼入れ硬化層を
形成する。
【００２１】この熱処理後に、図１に示す如く、軌道面
の鍛造面１１’と内球面の鍛造面１２’を研磨して軌道
面１１と内球面１２を所要寸法形状に仕上げ加工する。
他方、チャンファー部１３（１３１）は冷間絞り加工に
より寸法精度が確保してあるので、特別の研削を要しな
い。
【００２２】
【実施例】使用した鋼は、比較例のものと共に、化学組
成を表１に、これらの鋼の常温における機械的性質を表
２に、それぞれ示した。
【００２２】
【表１】
【００２３】
【表２】
【００２４】実施例については、この鋼から熱間鍛造
し、その後に冷間絞り加工をし、ステム部及びマウス部
を一体に成形し、この絞り加工後の成形品は、ステム部
及びマウス部の外周を所定形状に旋削し、ステム部にセ
レーションを転造して、マウス部外径７６ｍｍ、内球面
径５８ｍｍの外輪を成形した。次いで、ステム部外周面
とマウス部内周面にそれぞれ高周波焼入れを行い、１５
０〜２００℃に加熱保持して焼戻しを行って表面硬化層
７（図３（Ｂ）を形成した。マウス部の内球面と軌道面
の表面硬度は、チャンフアー部も含めて、ＨＲＣ５８以
上であった。熱処理後に、軌道面と内球面を所要寸法に
研削して固定形等速ボールジョイントの外輪に仕上げ
た。
【００２５】実施例は、上記冷間絞り加工の際に同時に
円弧状チャンファー部１３に正確に成形したが、チャン
ファー部１３は、マウス部の軸方向の中心断面上で１ｍ
ｍの曲率半径ｒを有する円弧面１３１にした（図１参
照）。比較例は、表１の比較例の鋼を使用して実施例と
同様の工程で外輪を成形し、そのチャンファー部１３
は、幅１ｍｍのフラット形状（図２参照）とした。内輪
及び保持器（ケージ）を従来の浸炭焼入れ鋼製とし、ボ
ールを軸受鋼（ＳＵＪ２）のずぶ焼入れ製として、上記
外輪を組み込んで固定形の等速ボールジョイントとし
た。
【００２６】まず、ボールジョイントにつき静的捩り強
度試験を行った。ステム部の捩り強度はステム部の表面
硬化層厚みに依存するが、実施例と比較例とでは、この
硬化層厚みがほぼ同じであるので、静的捩り強度に差が
なかった。このように、ＳｉとＣｒの含有量を低減して
も、ステム部の捩り強度に影響がないことが判る。
【００２７】このボールジョイントについて、転動疲労
寿命試験を行ったが、試験条件は、回転数２００rpm 、
負荷トルク９８kgm 、ジョイント角６°であつた。試験
結果を表３に示す。
【００２８】
【表３】
【００２９】外輪はすべてチャンファー部で剥離が発生
していたが、この表から、比較例と対比して、本発明の
実施例の外輪が長寿命であることが判る。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】本発明の等速ボールジョイントの外輪
は、上述の低Ｓｉ低Ｃｒ中炭素鋼で鍛造成形されるか
ら、冷間鍛造性・加工性が良好で、マウス部内面の軌道
面と内球面との成形と同時にチャンファー部を所定の円
弧面に精密に賦形成形できる。従って、その後チャンフ
ァー部の加工・研削は要せず、加工工数を削減でき、コ
ストの低減に寄与する。
【００３１】チャンファー部を円弧状に成形したので、
外輪の作動中にボールからの作用力によるチャンファー
部の応力集中（エッヂロード）は低減され、外輪の転動
疲労寿命の改善に効果があり、等速ボールジョイント全
体として耐久性・信頼性を向上させることができる。
【００３２】特に自動車のタイヤ駆動用の等速ボールジ
ョイントにあっては、チャンファー部を強化したので、
ボールジョイントを大型化することなく、より大きいト
ルク負荷での使用が可能となり、自動車足回りの部品を
変更することなく、その設計自由度が大きくなり、相対
的にボールジョイントの重量の低減とコストの低減が実
現できる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outer race of a constant velocity ball joint used for automobiles and the like, which has improved forgeability and rolling fatigue life. 2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3A shows a fixed type ball joint as an example. An outer ring 1 having a raceway surface 11 formed on the inner surface of a mouth portion 1a and a mouth portion 1a are shown. An inner race 2 provided with a raceway surface 21 on its outer surface, several balls 3 interposed between the outer race 1 and the inner race 2 on the corresponding raceways 11, 21 and rolling, And a cage (cage) 4 that regulates the arrangement of the power supply, and is widely used in automobiles and the like as power transmission means. [0003] The inner surface of the mouse portion 1a of the outer ring is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the inner spherical surface 1 on which the outer surface of the cage 4 slides.
The raceway surface 11 is formed in the inner spherical surface 12 with several grooves, and a flat chamfer portion 13 is formed between the raceway surface 11 and the inner spherical surface 12. On the other hand, on the opposite side of the mouth part 1a, a stem part 1b fitted to the rotating shaft is provided.
The stem portion 1b is provided with a serration 19 which is rolled and engraved on the outer periphery thereof so as to be fitted and connected to a rotating shaft. [0004] The outer ring of such a ball joint forms a hardened surface layer 7 by induction hardening on the inner surface of the mouth portion of medium carbon structural steel, thereby providing abrasion resistance to the raceway surface on which the ball rolls and reciprocates. In addition, the rolling fatigue life of the outer ring was secured. When the ball joint is used, since the ball 3 rolls and reciprocates on the orbital surface 11 of the mouth, repetitive stress acts due to the surface pressure of the ball 3. According to many experiments under severe conditions, cracks are generated in the chamfer portion 13 between the outer ring raceway surface 11 and the inner spherical surface 12 due to the load from the ball, and the cracks are generated on the raceway surface side and the inner spherical surface side. It was found that the crack propagated and progressed to large delamination. Although the conventional chamfer portion is chamfered in a flat shape as shown in a partially enlarged view in FIG. 2, the chamfer portion 13 is in contact with the ball contact surface of the raceway surface 11 due to the load F of the ball 3. The portion 130 where the concentrated stress Pcmax was larger than the concentrated stress Pfmax generated at the portion was the starting point of the crack generation. The prior art relates to an inner ring made of a carburized material of a ball joint. A chamfer portion between an outer spherical surface of the inner ring and a raceway is formed in an R-shape to reduce stress concentration, thereby reducing the stress concentration. The inner ring, which is intended to improve the toughness of the surface layer by preventing the occurrence of cracks in the chamfer part and to improve the durability by forming the surface layer of the fur part as a quenched layer having a retained austenite amount in the range of 30 to 60%, is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. No. 99230. Further, as a conventional method of manufacturing a ball joint outer ring, a stem portion and a mouth portion are roughly formed integrally by hot forging, and a desired track is formed on the inner surface of the mouth portion by cold drawing. The surface and the inner spherical surface were molded, and the molded product was induction hardened. In this drawing method, a split punch is inserted into the inside of the mouth portion of the roughly formed product, and the inner surface of the die is externally fitted to the outer peripheral side of the mouth portion to perform drawing. Since this drawing method is cold working, the forming accuracy of the inner spherical surface 12 and the raceway surface 11 of the outer ring mouth portion 1a is high, so that the inner spherical surface 12 and the raceway surface 11 are only ground after heat treatment. It was finished in. The conventional flat chamfer portion 13 was also formed at the same time as drawing. [0009] The outer ring of the ball joint is made of a medium carbon steel from the viewpoint of material costs and heat treatment costs, compared with the case of using a low carbon low alloy steel (case-hardened steel) carburized material. It is advantageous to use an induction hardened material. On the other hand,
If the outer race is to be integrally formed by cold forging such as the cold drawing described above, a conventional medium carbon steel (for example, S53
C material) has a high C content, is hard, and has a large work hardening, and thus has a problem of poor cold forgeability and cold workability. In the process of the cold drawing, the raceway surface 11, the inner spherical surface 12, and the chamfer portion 13 are simultaneously formed along the mold surface of the split punch. However, since the medium carbon steel material is hard, The filling of the chamfer portion 13 into the mold surface was incomplete, and it was difficult to mold the chamfer portion 13 with high dimensional accuracy, and the mold life was short. According to the present invention, a chamfer portion having high dimensional accuracy is integrally formed with an induction hardening material suitable for die forging, and at the same time, stress concentration at the chamfer portion is reduced to improve the rolling fatigue life. An outer ring of a constant velocity ball joint is provided. The outer ring of the constant velocity ball joint according to the present invention is forged from steel, has an inner spherical surface and a raceway surface on an inner surface of a mouth portion, and has an inner surface. An outer race of a constant velocity ball joint comprising a surface hardened layer by induction hardening, wherein the steel is C0.50
0.58%, Si 0.10% or less, Mn 0.70-0.
It has a composition of 90% or less and Cr of 0.10% or less, and the chamfer portion between the inner spherical surface and the raceway surface has an arc-shaped cross section. The chamfer portion 13 of the outer race of the present invention is formed on an arc surface 131 as shown in a partially enlarged view of the chamfer portion in FIG. In this case, even if a compressive stress is generated in the chamfer portion 11 due to the contact of the ball rolling on the raceway surface 11, the concentrated stress Pcmax in the chamfer portion 11
Is mitigated and cracking is delayed. Therefore, the life of the peeling in the chamfer portion 13 is improved, which is effective for improving the fatigue life of the entire outer race. In order to prevent the peeling at the chamfer portion, it is necessary to minimize the stress concentration at the chamfer portion. From this point, the radius of curvature r of the arc surface 131 of the chamfer portion 13 is set to 0. 0.5 to 2.0 mm. According to the present invention, a steel material used for forming an outer ring having the arc-shaped chamfer portion is made of low Si-low Cr.
A material that can be easily formed by cold drawing including the chamfer portion and that is suitable for forming a surface hardened layer by induction hardening is used. The steel composition will be described in detail.
First, the C content is determined by changing the hardness of the surface by induction hardening to H.
In order to secure RC58 or more, 0.50% C or more is required. However, if it exceeds 0.58% C, the cold forgeability and workability after hot forging are reduced. % C. Since Si deteriorates cold forgeability and workability, it is necessary to regulate the upper limit of the Si content to 0.10% Si. Cr also reduces cold forgeability and workability similarly to Si, so that it is reduced to 0.10% Cr or less. On the other hand, as for the Mn content, 0.70% Mn or more is required within the above-mentioned range of the C content in order to compensate hardenability due to reduction of Si and Cr. But,
Since an increase in the Mn content impairs cold forgeability and workability,
The upper limit is set to 0.90% Mn. Regarding impurities in steel, P, S, and O are reduced as much as possible. In particular, in order to reduce O, Al deoxidized steel is preferably used. In this case, the Al content is solAl 0.15
It is preferably in the range of 〜0.40%. Further, as other impurities, it is preferable that Cu is set to 0.30% or less, and Ni and Mo are set to 0.20% or less. When forming the outer race from the steel material having the above composition, the stem portion and the mouth portion are integrally formed from the steel material by hot die forging. Next, by cold drawing, while narrowing the opening of the mouth part, the inner spherical surface and the raceway surface are finished and molded,
At the same time, the chamfer portion between them is formed into an arc shape. Since the steel having the above composition is soft and has good plastic flow, it is possible to form a desired chamfered part shape with high precision. The outer ring thus formed is subjected to surface quenching by high-frequency heating and water injection on the inner surface thereof, and then tempered at a low temperature to form a hardened hardened layer on the inner spherical surface and the raceway surface of the inner surface of the mouth part and the chamfer part. After the heat treatment, as shown in FIG. 1, the forged surface 11 'of the raceway surface and the forged surface 12' of the inner spherical surface are polished to finish the raceway surface 11 and the inner spherical surface 12 into required dimensions.
On the other hand, since the dimensional accuracy of the chamfer portion 13 (131) is secured by cold drawing, no special grinding is required. Examples The steels used are shown in Table 1 together with those of Comparative Examples, and Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of these steels at room temperature. [Table 1] [Table 2] In the embodiment, the steel is hot forged, then cold drawn, and the stem and the mouth are integrally formed. The formed product after the drawing is the stem and the mouth. Was turned into a predetermined shape, and serrations were rolled into the stem to form an outer ring having a mouth part outer diameter of 76 mm and an inner spherical diameter of 58 mm. Next, induction hardening was performed on each of the outer peripheral surface of the stem portion and the inner peripheral surface of the mouth portion, and
The surface hardened layer 7 (FIG. 3 (B) was formed by heating and holding at a temperature of 0 to 200 ° C. The surface hardness of the inner spherical surface and the raceway surface of the mouth part was HRC 58 or more including the chamfer part. After the heat treatment, the raceway surface and the inner spherical surface were ground to required dimensions to finish the outer ring of the fixed-type constant velocity ball joint. 13 exactly, but the chamfer part 13 is 1 m on the axial center cross section of the mouth part.
An arc surface 131 having a radius of curvature r of m (see FIG. 1). In the comparative example, the outer ring was formed in the same process as the example using the steel of the comparative example in Table 1 and the chamfer portion 13 was formed.
Has a flat shape with a width of 1 mm (see FIG. 2). The inner ring and the cage (cage) were made of conventional carburized and quenched steel, and the balls were made of through-hardened bearing steel (SUJ2). The outer ring was incorporated into the fixed type constant velocity ball joint. First, a static torsional strength test was performed on the ball joint. The torsional strength of the stem portion depends on the thickness of the hardened surface layer of the stem portion, but there was no difference in the static torsional strength between the example and the comparative example because the thickness of the hardened layer was almost the same. Thus, it can be seen that even if the contents of Si and Cr are reduced, the torsional strength of the stem is not affected. The ball joint was subjected to a rolling fatigue life test. The test conditions were 200 rpm,
The load torque was 98 kgm and the joint angle was 6 °. Table 3 shows the test results. [Table 3] All the outer rings were peeled off at the chamfer portion. From this table, it can be seen that the outer ring of the example of the present invention has a longer life than the comparative example. The outer race of the constant velocity ball joint according to the present invention is forged from the above-mentioned low-Si low-Cr medium-carbon steel. Simultaneously with forming the raceway surface and the inner spherical surface, the chamfer portion can be precisely formed on a predetermined arc surface. Therefore, subsequent processing / grinding of the chamfer portion is not required, and the number of processing steps can be reduced, which contributes to cost reduction. Since the chamfer was formed in an arc shape,
During the operation of the outer ring, stress concentration (edge load) in the chamfer part due to the acting force from the ball is reduced, which is effective in improving the rolling fatigue life of the outer ring, and improving the durability and reliability of the entire constant velocity ball joint. Can be improved. Particularly, in the case of a constant velocity ball joint for driving a tire of an automobile, the chamfer portion is strengthened.
It is possible to use a larger torque load without increasing the size of the ball joint, increase the degree of freedom in designing without changing the underbody parts of the car, and reduce the weight and cost of the ball joint relatively Can be reduced.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の円弧面状のチャンファー部を具備した
ボールジョイント外輪のチャンファー部周辺の部分断面
図を示す。この図には、ボールの接触応力による外輪内
面の模式的応力分布も併記してある。
【図２】従来のフラット状チャンファー部を有するボー
ルジョイント外輪の図１同様図。
【図３】固定型ボールジョイントの縦断面図（Ａ）と、
外輪マウス部のＸ−Ｘ位置横断面図（Ｂ）。
【符号の説明】
１ 外輪
１ａ マウス部
１１ 軌道面
１２ 内球面
１３ チャンファー部
２ 内輪
３ ボール
４ 保持器BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the periphery of a chamfer portion of a ball joint outer ring having an arc-shaped chamfer portion according to the present invention. This figure also shows a schematic stress distribution on the inner surface of the outer ring due to the contact stress of the ball. FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, showing a conventional ball joint outer ring having a flat chamfer portion. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view (A) of a fixed type ball joint,
XX position cross-sectional view of the outer ring mouse part (B). [Description of Signs] 1 Outer ring 1a Mouse part 11 Track surface 12 Inner spherical surface 13 Chamfer part 2 Inner ring 3 Ball 4 Cage
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F16D 3/20 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) F16D 3/20
Claims (1)
内球面と軌道面とを有し、且つ、該内面に高周波焼入れ
による表面硬化層を備えて成る等速ボールジョイントの
外輪において、 上記鋼が、Ｃ０．５０〜０．５８％、Ｓｉ０．１０％以
下、Ｍｎ０．７０〜０．９０％及びＣｒ０．１０％以下
の組成を有し、 上記内球面と軌道面との間のチャンファー部を鍛造工程
により断面円弧状にし、該チャンファー部の円弧面曲率
半径を０．５〜２．０ｍｍとし、且つ、チャンファー部
の表面硬度をＨＲＣ５８以上としたことを特徴とする等
速ボールジョイントの外輪。(57) [Claims 1] Forged by steel, having an inner spherical surface and a raceway surface on the inner surface of a mouth portion, and having a surface hardened layer formed by induction hardening on the inner surface. In the outer race of a quick ball joint, the steel has a composition of C0.50 to 0.58%, Si 0.10% or less, Mn 0.70 to 0.90%, and Cr 0.10% or less. The chamfer portion between the raceway surface and the chamfer portion is formed into an arc-shaped cross section by a forging process, the radius of curvature of the chamfer portion is 0.5 to 2.0 mm, and the surface hardness of the chamfer portion is HRC 58 or more. An outer ring of a constant velocity ball joint, characterized by that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28754694A JP3424035B2 (en) | 1994-10-26 | 1994-10-26 | Outer ring of constant velocity ball joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28754694A JP3424035B2 (en) | 1994-10-26 | 1994-10-26 | Outer ring of constant velocity ball joint |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08121492A JPH08121492A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
| JP3424035B2 true JP3424035B2 (en) | 2003-07-07 |
Family
ID=17718743
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28754694A Expired - Lifetime JP3424035B2 (en) | 1994-10-26 | 1994-10-26 | Outer ring of constant velocity ball joint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3424035B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2749783A4 (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2016-07-20 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Constant velocity universal joint and method for producing same |
| KR20160111127A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-26 | 이래오토모티브시스템 주식회사 | Constant Velocity Joint for vehicle |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1010922A1 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 2000-06-21 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Differential device and method of manufacturing the device |
| BRPI0713497A2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2012-01-24 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | universal constant speed joint, drive shaft using universal constant speed joint, and drive wheel bearing unit |
| JP2008151182A (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2008-07-03 | Ntn Corp | Constant velocity universal joint |
| JP5322450B2 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2013-10-23 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Constant velocity joint, material before outer ring of constant velocity joint outer ring, and method of manufacturing constant velocity joint outer ring |
| JP5322452B2 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2013-10-23 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | CVJ, CVJ outer ring manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
| JP5322451B2 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2013-10-23 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | CVJ, CVJ outer ring manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
| JP5322449B2 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2013-10-23 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Method for manufacturing constant velocity joint and constant velocity joint outer ring |
| JP2012072865A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-12 | Ntn Corp | Fixed constant velocity universal joint |
-
1994
- 1994-10-26 JP JP28754694A patent/JP3424035B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2749783A4 (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2016-07-20 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Constant velocity universal joint and method for producing same |
| KR20160111127A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-26 | 이래오토모티브시스템 주식회사 | Constant Velocity Joint for vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08121492A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
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