JP3422169B2 - Purification device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to purification for purifying water in lakes and ponds polluted by the inflow of household wastewater, urine sewage from domestic animals, sewage, etc., resulting in high concentrations of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Regarding the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The amount of water used in Japan has been increasing year by year. For example, in the summary of the Statistics Bureau of the General Affairs Agency,
Annual water supply including simple water supply and dedicated water supply is 60
It was 15.16 billion tons at the time of the year, but it increased to 16.78 billion tons in 1991. This also means an increase in the amount of drainage, and the inflow of this drainage deteriorates the water quality of rivers and lakes. As a whole, the water quality of rivers has been gradually improving due to various water quality improvement measures, but unlike rivers, water quality due to eutrophication is still present in closed water bodies such as lakes and dams. Deterioration has become a big problem. Moreover, over the last 20 years, the ratio of lakes and dams to tap water sources has increased from 20% to 35% (Yutaka Takahashi: Water in the metropolitan area-Tokyo University Press p.114). Since the water source has been changed from rivers to lakes and dams for the purpose of supplying such water, the water quality problem in these waters has become more serious, and the establishment of a water quality conservation system is strongly required.

In many polluted lakes such as Kasumigaura and Teganuma, the ratio of the catchment area to the lake area is large (8.3 in Kasumigaura and 23 in Teganuma), and the population of the catchment area is large. Inflow load is large because there are many. In addition, the lake's shore is being modified and the natural purification power is declining. The fundamental measures against water pollution in these lakes are to reduce the inflow load by improving the sewer system and to restore the nature of the surrounding area and the lakeshore to restore the natural purification power. However, since all of these measures require a long period of time, it is also necessary to take measures for lakes that are relatively fast-acting at the same time. In lakes and marshes where water pollution has progressed, the internal load due to the elution of nutrient salts deposited on the bottom of the lake cannot be ignored. For example, in Kasumigaura,
The amount of nitrogen that elutes from the bottom of the lake in the summer is almost equal to the amount of inflow from the outside, and the internal load of phosphorus is 50% of the external load.
(Hosomi: Leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment and its control) Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 16 (2) p.23-27
1993). To reduce the internal load, it is effective to remove the nutrient salts deposited on the bottom of the lake by dredging and prevent the nutrient salts from flowing out by covering the bottom of the lake. However,
The bottom of the lake thus treated will eventually be covered with carcasses of phytoplankton, and the effect of the countermeasure will disappear. According to the Journal of the Japan Society on Water Environment, the effects of dredging and covering soil are predicted by simulation for the lake of Yuno,
The effect will disappear in 2 to 5 years.

Therefore, it is necessary to take measures for reducing the amount of phytoplankton in the lake, in addition to the measures for the bottom of the lake. Measures to reduce the amount of phytoplankton include (1) release of herbivorous fish (such as grass carp), (2) direct removal of phytoplankton, and (3) direct removal of nutrients from lake water. Conceivable.

Of these, regarding (1), it is difficult to carry out full-scale implementation under the present circumstances where the effect on the ecosystem due to the specific breeding of fish of a specific species has not been clarified.
Regarding (2) and (3), when purifying organic lake water (raw water) containing phytoplankton and other organic pollutants, contact purification treatment using biofilm is often used. There is. This purification method removes organic contaminants in raw water by passing the raw water through a filter tank filled with contact material (filter material). It is sometimes called biofilm filtration because it adheres and proliferates to form a biofilm on the surface of the contact material, and the action of microorganisms is the main purification treatment function.

One of them is a contact aeration type water treatment method. As a treatment device for carrying out this contact aeration-type water treatment method, while contacting the water to be treated with the contact body to which aerobic microorganisms are adhered, while flowing down several stages from the upstream side to the downstream side A multi-stage processing apparatus for processing is known. Among them, in the purifying device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-74489, the contact aeration tank is buried in the ground away from the wastewater generation source so that the multi-stage processing tank does not go out on the ground.

Further, as another catalytic purification method, there is an immersion filter bed catalytic purification method in which a biofilm is attached to a filtration member and raw water is introduced into the biofilm. In this case, the fixed bed type that fixes the contact body with the biofilm layer as the immersion filter bed, and the particles to be treated with small particle size as the contact material, the water to be treated is flowed upward from below, and the contact material is removed from the filtration tank. There are two types of fluidized bed type in which the contact material is made to flow by the flow of the water to be treated so as not to flow out.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-218691 describes an example of treating raw water having an extremely high concentration in a treatment plant by using a fluidized bed catalytic purification method in which aeration is also used. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-99185 describes an example in which water to be treated mixed with air is introduced into a fluidized bed buried in water to perform purification treatment.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In purification of lakes and ponds,
The energy required for this is required to be small, and maintenance work is required to be easy or unnecessary. Since the biofilm filtration method described above is a purification process by biological action due to the small amount of sludge generated by the purification process,
It has the advantage of requiring less energy. Further, of the biofilm filtration systems, the fluidized bed system has the advantages of less clogging and easier maintenance work.

However, when considering a fluidized bed type biofilm filtration type purification apparatus having such advantages as an actual apparatus, some must be solved in order to make full use of those advantages. There are challenges. First of all, there is a problem to truly save energy as a device. In the fluidized bed type, the water head (pressure) required for flowing water to the filtration tank portion is about 1 to 2 m at most. However, if purification treatment facilities are installed on the shores of lakes and ponds or in the surrounding area to perform purification treatment, the pressure loss in the water channel for moving the raw water from the intake to the treatment plant and the water level above the water level In order to feed raw water to high treatment plants, in fact, considerably more energy is required than the minimum energy required for purification treatment. The second point is the maintenance work. The above-mentioned JP-A-6-991.
The method proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 85 is a method in which the entire treatment tank (filtration tank) of the fluidized bed is submerged in water, and does not require large carrier energy as in the case of installing the device on the lake shore. However, this causes problems in maintenance work. In the case of the biofilm filtration method, the amount of sludge generated by the purification process is small, but it is not completely zero. Even in fluidized bed filtration, it is well known that after a period of time when a film of microorganisms propagated on the surface of the contact material becomes too thick, the film becomes too thick and is separated from the contact material to become sludge. Also, fluidized bed filtration cannot remove inorganic suspensions such as dirt particles. Therefore, if the sludge and inorganic suspension in water, which sometimes occur when the biofilm is separated from the contact material, are not promptly discharged to the outside of the treatment tank, they eventually accumulate in the treatment tank and cause clogging. It will be. However, JP-A-6-99
In the technique proposed in Japanese Patent No. 185, the treatment device is completely submerged in water, and therefore, in maintenance work for eliminating clogging and the like due to such sludge or inorganic suspension remaining in the tank. Must solve the problem. Moreover, in biofilm filtration, air is required to maintain the activity of microbial action, but it is disclosed in JP-A-6-99185.
In the technique proposed in the publication, aeration is required because the entire device is submerged in water, and thus a large amount of energy is required for the air supply.

[0010] As a next subject, it is possible to secure the land where the purifying device is installed and save the labor of the construction work associated with the installation. As a method for securing the land for construction of the treatment plant, it is possible to bury the septic tank with a relatively small treatment capacity in the ground, but in the purification treatment of lakes and ponds, the concentration is lower and larger than that of sewage treatment plants. Since a large amount of water is used, the septic tank becomes large and it is difficult to bury it in the ground, and there is a problem that it is difficult to secure a site for the treatment plant. Further, even if the site could be secured, there was a problem that facility construction would be required, which would result in extra costs.

Further, as described in JP-A-6-99185, when the treatment tank is submerged in water, it is necessary to subject the water to be injected to aeration treatment so that the filter medium is exposed to water. It is necessary to take measures to completely prevent spills.

[0012] As a further problem, remarkable deterioration of water quality often occurs in shallow lakes, and therefore, the purification device needs to be a form that can be easily applied to shallow lakes.

From the above examination, as a purifying device for purifying water in a closed water area such as a lake, (1) power (consumption energy) is small, (2) maintenance work is easy, (3) It is necessary that the installation is easy and the amount of work involved is small.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a purifying device which facilitates maintenance work.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a purifying device that consumes less energy.

A third object of the present invention is to stably maintain the purification treatment performance of the fluidized bed type purification apparatus.

A fourth object of the present invention is to prevent sludge from flowing out of a purifying device into a lake and recontaminating the lake.

A fifth object of the present invention is to reduce the number of operations for collecting sludge from a purification device.

A sixth object of the present invention is to provide a purifying device which can easily cope with various environments.

A seventh object of the present invention is to provide a purifying device which hardly deteriorates the landscape.

An eighth object of the present invention is to enable the purification treatment to be continued by effectively utilizing the energy in the power supply utilizing solar power generation even when the power generation amount decreases.

[0022]

The first object of the present invention is to:
Water intake from the water area to be treated, the intake pump supplying to the treated water introduction part of the filtration tank provided at a position higher than the water surface of the water area to be treated, and provided at a position higher than the water surface of the water area to be treated, This can be achieved by installing a purification device equipped with a water discharger that discharges purified water that has passed through the filtration tank in the water area to be treated. That is, in such a purifying device, the maintenance work can be facilitated by locating the upper part of the filtration tank in the water to be treated so that it is higher than the water surface of the water to be treated. Further, since the above-ground equipment is not required, it is easy to secure the installation place and the work involved in the installation can be reduced.

A second object of the present invention is to install the lower part of the filtration tank so as to be submerged below the surface of the water to be treated, and to supply the water to be treated before supplying the water to be treated to the filtration tank. It is achieved by exposing the water to the atmosphere. The purification device installed by submerging the lower part of the filtration tank in the water area to be purified,
The power for transporting the treated water from intake to discharge can be reduced, and the intake power (power consumption) by the intake pump can be reduced because the treated water introduction part of the filtration tank approaches the water surface. Further, since the water to be treated can be exposed to the air to supply oxygen by opening it to the atmosphere before supplying the water to be treated to the filtration tank, the inside of the filtration tank can be aerated and the oxygen in the filtration tank can be improved. The need for supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms is reduced, and the power for aeration can be reduced.

A third object of the present invention is to divide the inside of the filtration tank into a plurality of flow paths in parallel in the flow direction of the water to be treated, and to locally stop the flow of the fluidized bed in the filtration tank. This can be achieved by suppressing

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a container for accumulating purified water that has passed through the filter tank and settling sludge components, so that the sludge accumulated in the filter tank may flow out to the water area to be treated. Can be achieved by reducing.
Furthermore, by planting plants in this container, the landscape can be improved, and even the roots of plants can accelerate the sedimentation of sludge components, and even minute sludge components can be sedimented in the container. Become. Furthermore, even if nitrogen or phosphorus is eluted from the settled sludge into purified water, it can be absorbed by the plant. Further, by providing the aeration means inside the container, it becomes possible to supplement oxygen to the purified water in the container.

A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a first container for accumulating the purified water that has passed through the filtration tank to settle sludge components,
This is achieved by providing a second container for accumulating sludge and means for discharging the sludge in the first container to the second container by providing an inlet at the bottom of the first container. The sludge component contained in the purified water discharged from the purification device is settled in the first container and settled in the lower part to be concentrated. Furthermore, the sludge that has settled is put in the second container and dried in the sun to increase the volume. Therefore, the number of sludge collection operations can be reduced.

Further, a sixth object of the present invention is installed in processed water having a filter medium therein, each a plurality of filtration tank having different heights with a feed water inlet and water outlet at the top, the Excluding the water intake means for taking water from the water area to be treated and supplying it to the filtration tank, the means for introducing the treated water from the water intake means in parallel to the water inlet provided for each of the filtration tanks, and the highest filtration tank. It is achieved by providing each of the above-mentioned filtration tanks with means for introducing the water to be treated from the preceding filtration tank into the water supply port. It is possible to perform serial water filtration in which the water to be treated flows in one direction through a plurality of filtration tanks, parallel water filtration in which the water to be treated is supplied in parallel to the plurality of filtration tanks, or a combination thereof. This makes it possible to provide a purifying device that can be operated in a state adapted to various environments. In particular,
Depending on the water quality of the lake detected by the water quality monitor, by selecting either serial or parallel water filtration, for example, in an environment with good water quality, the amount of filtered water increases as parallel water flow operation, and the water quality deteriorates. In the existing environment, it is possible to improve the quality of water discharged as series water flow operation.

[0028] A seventh object of the present invention is to provide a purification apparatus comprising a filter tank which is installed in a water area to be treated and has a filter medium inside, and means for taking water from the water area to be treated and supplying it to the filter tank. This is achieved by providing a settling tank for storing the purified water that has passed through the filtration tank and culturing aquatic plants in the settling tank. Further, it is achieved by planting plants in a sludge reservoir in which the sludge that has settled is transferred to and accumulated in a settling tank.

An eighth object of the present invention is to provide a settling tank for storing the purified water that has passed through the filter tank, an aeration means for aerating the water in the settling tank, an intake pump for supplying lake water to the filter tank, and the aforesaid A solar power generation means for supplying electric power to the aeration means is provided,
This is achieved by setting the power consumption of the aeration means to be smaller than the power consumption of the water intake pump. When the water intake pump of the purifying device is operated only by the electric power generated by the solar power generation means, sufficient water intake cannot be performed in an environment where cloudy weather continues. In such a state, the water in the sedimentation tank stagnates, and the dissolved oxygen of the purified water in the sedimentation tank is consumed by the microbial action of decomposing the sludge, which may deteriorate the water quality in the sedimentation tank. In such a case, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of water quality by operating the aeration means that can be operated with less electric power than the intake pump to supply oxygen to the purified water in the settling tank.

Further, the purpose of this eighth is installed in processed water, which incorporates a filter medium has a paper Mizuguchi the upper drain outlet, a plurality of filtration tank having different respective heights, this process Water intake means for taking water from the target water area and supplying it to the filtration tank, solar power generation means for supplying electric power to the water intake means, and water to be treated introduced from the water intake means to the water supply port provided for each of the filtration tanks The treated water parallel introducing means, the opening / closing means provided for each of these treated water parallel introducing means, and the treated water from the preceding filtration tank provided in the filtration tank excluding the highest filtration tank are supplied. A treatment water series introduction means to be introduced into the mouth and a means for controlling the opening / closing means according to the power generation of the solar power generation means are provided, and when the amount of power generated by the solar power generation means is sufficient, the highest filtration tank is processed. Introduce water to improve treatment performance Amount when the decreased by controlling the switching means to introduce water to be treated in the filtration tank height can feed water at the amount of power generation, for example, even in cloudy days,
Filtration performance is somewhat reduced, but can be achieved by allowing filtration to continue.

[0031]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, the results of the study conducted by the inventors regarding water purification treatment will be described. In order to study the effect of lake water purification treatment by direct removal of phytoplankton and nutrients from lake water, the inventors of the present invention used the Kasumigaura model (Matsuoka: National Institute for Pollution Research Report No. 5).
4 No. 1984). Assuming a purifier that circulates water in the whole lake once / 15 days, in Case 1, when removing particulate organic suspensions such as phytoplankton in the water to be treated with a removal efficiency of 50%, Case 2 Then, in the case of removing only phytoplankton in the treated water with a removal efficiency of 50%, in case 3 the inorganic phosphorus is also removed with a removal efficiency of 50%, in case 4 the inorganic phosphorus and the organic phosphorus other than phytoplankton are removed. The calculation was performed for each case of removal with a removal efficiency of 50%. The effect of changes in lake bottom detritus due to purification treatment on fish etc. is not considered here because there is no definitive model.

The average annual concentration of chlorophyll a in each case and the reduction rate due to purification measures are shown in Table 1 below.

[0033]

[Table 1]

In this simulation, the phytoplankton direct removal method (cases 1 and 2) is more effective than the nutrient (phosphorus) direct removal method (cases 3 and 4) in terms of purification (reduction) of chlorophyll a. Is big. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of phytoplankton, a method of efficiently removing phytoplankton itself is effective.

The circulating water amount once / 15 days corresponds to a treated water amount of 4.6 t / s in the example of Teganuma (reservoir capacity 6 million tons). The purification device must be able to realize such an amount of water treatment with small energy consumption.

Regarding the fluidized bed type filtration system, a study on the filtration capacity of Kasumigaura water as raw water has reported that about 50% of organic pollutants such as phytoplankton can be removed (Kane et al. 5 people: Advanced treatment of Lake Kasumigaura Lake using a biological activated carbon fluidized bed pilot plant, Proceedings of the Kasumigaura Rinko Experimental Facility Research Conference, 8, 1994). Therefore, in the purification apparatus using the fluidized bed filtration method, if the water in the lake for purification treatment can be circulated once in 10 to 15 days, the purification effect equivalent to the case 1 of the above-described simulation can be obtained. The embodiment described below proposes a fluidized bed filtration type purification device installed in a lake to realize such lake water purification treatment.

Here, a fluidized bed type purification apparatus will be described. First, the principle of this type of water treatment will be briefly described with reference to FIG. The filtration tank 1 is filled with a particulate filter medium 2 having a small particle size. The particle size of this filter medium 2 is about 0.
It is 35 mm. Raw water (lake water) 3 is introduced into the lower part of the filter tank 1 as a water to be treated by a water supply pipe 4, and flows upward in the filter tank 1. The filter medium 2 is not completely settled by the action of both the levitation force generated by resisting the upward flow and the gravitational force acting downward, and is not completely levitated and discharged by the upward flow. Floating fluid state in the filtration tank 1 (fluidized bed)
Has become. Microorganisms such as various bacteria and protozoa are present in the lake water 3, and these microorganisms propagate on the surface of the filter medium 2 to form an adherent microbial film 5. Then, the underwater pollution sources (various organic substances, phytoplankton, etc.) in the lake water 3 are eaten and decomposed by the microorganisms forming the biofilm 5, and discharged from the discharge pipe 6 as purified water (purified lake water) 7. .

Hereinafter, a fluidized bed type filtration type purification apparatus adopting such a purification treatment principle will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the purifying device according to the present invention, and FIG.
Is a vertical side view of a fluidized bed type filtration tank in this purification device,
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the fluidized bed type filter tank, FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram of the control device, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the state in which the purification device is installed in a water area to be purified.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lake water purification apparatus in this embodiment (the one-dot chain line indicates the water surface and the broken line indicates the portion below the water surface) is mainly a fluidized bed type filtration filled with a filter medium (2). Filter tank 1 through tank 1 and lake water (hereinafter also referred to as raw water) 3 pumped up from the water area to be treated and via water supply pipe 4.
Submersible water intake pump 11 for supplying water to the water, a water discharge pipe 6 for discharging purified water 7 from the purifier to the water area to be treated, and a solar power generation panel for generating electric power to be supplied to the submersible water intake pump 11 and the like using sunlight. 12a, 12b and a float 1 connected in a U-shape for floating the purification device in the water to be treated
3a to 13c and the control device 14. By the way,
The overall size (installation area) of this purification device is 5m x
It is about 5 m.

As described in detail in FIG. 3, the fluidized bed type filtration tank 1 is composed of three stages of filtration tanks 1a to 1c which are connected so as to form a series of purification treatment water channels. The tanks 1a and 1b are arranged and supported between the floats 13a to 13c so that the lower portions thereof are submerged in the installation water area. The water level of each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c is higher than the water surface 15 of the water area to be treated in which the purification device floats, and the upper portion of the filtration tank 1a is higher than the upper portion of the filtration tank 1b.
Is designed to be higher than the upper part of the filtration tank 1c. The underwater intake pump 11 supplies the lake water 3 pumped up from the water area to be treated to the filtration tank 1a, and each filtration tank 1a
~ 1c due to the head difference based on the height difference, the filtration tank 1a,
The filtration tank 1b and the filtration tank 1c are made to flow in this order.

The lake water 3 pumped up by the underwater intake pump 11 is guided to the lower part of the filter tank 1a by a water conduit 16a extending from the upper part to the lower part of the first-stage filter tank 1a. Water conduit 16a
The lower part of the water is an open end near the lower end in the filtration tank 1a, and the lake water 3 is treated water from this open end as the filtration tank 1
It flows out into the inside a, contacts the filter medium (contact material) 2a filled in the filter tank 1a, and flows upward while being purified. The water to be treated that has reached the upper portion of the filtration tank 1a flows into a connection flow channel (gutter) 17a provided in the upper portion of the filtration tank 1a, and a water conduit 16 that extends from the upper portion to the lower portion of the next-stage filtration tank 1b.
It is led to the upper part of b. The lower part of the water conduit 16b has an open end near the lower end in the filtration tank 1b, and the water to be treated flows out into the filtration tank 1b from this open end, and the filter medium (contact) is filled in the filtration tank 1b. (Material) 2b and flows upward while being purified. The water to be treated that has reached the upper portion of the filtration tank 1b flows into the connection flow channel (gutter) 17b provided in the upper portion of the filtration tank 1b and reaches the upper portion of the water conduit 16c that extends from the upper portion of the final filtration tank 1c to the lower portion. Be guided. Water conduit 16
The lower part of c has an open end near the lower end in the filtration tank 1c, and the water to be treated flows into the filtration tank 1c from this open end,
The filter material (contact material) 2c filled in the filtration tank 1c comes into contact therewith and flows upward while being purified. Then, the water to be treated that has reached the upper portion of the filtration tank 1c is collected by the connection flow channel (trough) 17c provided in the upper portion of the filtration tank 1c and is discharged into the lake as purified water 7 from the water discharge pipe 6. .

The water to be treated during this purification treatment is the filtration tank 1a.
At least in the upper part open to the atmosphere of ~ 1c,
In the process of moving from the previous filtration tank to the next filtration tank, the air is exposed to the atmosphere and absorbs oxygen required by aerobic microorganisms from the atmosphere. In this embodiment, all filtration tanks 1
The inlets and outlets a to 1c are opened to the atmosphere to expose the water to be treated to the atmosphere. The opening in the water guiding part of the filter tank 1a supplies oxygen required by the microorganisms in the filter tank 1a to the water to be treated, and the opening in the water outlet part of the filter tank 1c is consumed by the microorganisms in the filter tank 1c. There is a meaning to make up for the oxygen in the treated water that has decreased due to the reduction and to return it to the lake.

In order to promote the purification treatment action by the activity of the microorganisms attached to the filter media 2a to 2c, it is necessary to lengthen the residence time of the water to be treated in the filtration tank 1 to some extent.
As described in detail in FIG. 3, when the flow of the treated water is generated in the filtration tank 1 by utilizing the head difference, the flow of the treated water is a balance between the given head difference and the pressure loss of the filtration tank 1. Happen to do. The pressure loss of the filtration tank 1 can be roughly estimated from the height of the filtration tank 1 and the flow velocity (filtration speed) in the filtration tank 1. For example, as the filter media 2a to 2c, cristobalite (particle size: 0.35 mm, apparent specific gravity in water: 1.6 g / c
m ³ ), if the device specifications are as shown in Table 2,

[0044]

[Table 2]

The filtration speed is about 1.5 mm / sec.
Since the total height of the three stages of filtration tanks 1a to 1c is 6.5 m, the residence time is about 1.2 hours, and purification treatment by the decomposition action of microorganisms can be expected sufficiently.
Moreover, the total height of the first-stage filtration tank 1a and the water head is 3.9 m, and the lower portion of the filtration tank 1a is submerged in the water to be treated. Compared with the case of using one filtration tank, the above-ground (above the water) height of the purifying device can be lowered and the head of the submersible water intake pump 11 can be reduced. Filter tank 1 exposed on the water
The amount of a to 1c (height) is sufficient if there is an amount that can secure the required water head at each stage, so in order to reduce the load of the submersible intake pump 11 as low as possible, the water depth of the lake to be installed is set. It must be taken into consideration, but the amount of submersion is large (deep)
It is desirable to do.

Oxygen is required to activate the decomposition action of microorganisms. In this embodiment, however, since the water surface to be treated in each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c is in contact with the atmosphere, Oxygen can be naturally supplemented to the water to be treated. That is, the power required for aeration can be reduced. In this embodiment, the three-stage filtration tanks 1a to 1c are adopted and the water to be treated is exposed to the atmosphere at the inlet / outlet portion of each tank, but in the case of performing filtration (purification treatment) by the one-stage filtration tank 1. However, it is desirable to bring the water to be treated into contact with air once. The water to be treated is the filtration tank 1
Oxygen is consumed and decreases as the temperature rises, and nutrient salts (mainly phosphorus) are easily eluted from the sludge in the tank 1. If the treated water in which nutrient salts (phosphorus) are eluted is returned to the lake as it is, phosphorus will be returned again. The elution of phosphorus into the water to be treated can be suppressed by increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated. As described above, the dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated can be increased by dissolving a large amount of oxygen in the water to be treated before the treatment.

In the fluidized bed type filtration tank 1, each filtration tank 1a ...
The water flow path 1c is, as described in detail in FIG.
4 centered on the water conduits 16a to 16c within 1c
It is divided into two parallel channels. If the fluidized bed filtration is performed in one flow passage having a large cross-sectional area without adopting the parallel flow passage configuration as in this embodiment, the flow velocity locally varies within the flow passage, and the flow velocity is small. By the way, the phenomenon that the filter medium 2 does not flow is observed, and the purification treatment performance decreases. However, as shown in FIG. 4, by dividing the flow paths in each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c in parallel, the flow in each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c is made uniform, and stable purification treatment performance can be obtained over a long period of time. You can Here, the division range may not be the entire area in the height direction of each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c. Especially when the particle diameters of the filter media 2a to 2c vary,
Filter materials 2a to 2 having a large particle size are provided below the respective filtration tanks 1a to 1c.
There is a risk that c will remain, and naturally, the larger the particle size, the more difficult it is for the fluid to flow, so the flow tends to become non-uniform in that portion, and therefore the flow channels can be divided in parallel in the lower region of each filtration tank 1a-1c. It is effective.

Next, power supply will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the purifying apparatus in this embodiment drastically reduces the running cost of the purifying apparatus by operating the power unit such as the submersible water intake pump 11 by the electric power generated by the mounted solar power generation panels 12a and 12b. The operation control is performed by the control device 14 so that the amount can be reduced.

FIG. 5 shows an example of an electric circuit of this purifying device. Solar power generation panel 12 (12a, 12
In b), the generated power is supplied to the inverter 18, and the battery 19 is floatingly charged. The inverter 18 generates an AC voltage to drive the underwater intake pump 11 and the like. Therefore,
When the output power from the solar power generation panel 12 is excessive with respect to the load (in the daytime), the surplus power is used to charge and store the battery 19, and the solar power generation panel 12 does not generate enough power such as at night. In such a case, the submersible water intake pump 11 is operated by supplying electric power from the battery 19 to enable continuous day and night operation. In order to prevent failure of the solar power generation panel 12 due to reverse current, a backflow prevention diode 20 is incorporated in the output circuit of the solar power generation panel 12.

Further, the switching relay 21 can be connected to an external power source 22 such as a commercial power source to operate when necessary. If the large solar power generation panel 12 or the battery 19 cannot be used for some reason, it becomes difficult to continuously operate the purification device day and night. The voltage monitor 23 is the solar power generation panel 1
2 and the output voltage from the battery 19 are monitored, and when the voltage is insufficient, the switching relay 21 is switched so as to be supplied with power from the external power source 22, and the inverter 18 is stopped. , Enables energy-saving operation. When the external power source 21 is not connected, the output voltage from the solar power generation panel 12 and the battery 19 is insufficient and the switching relay 21
When is switched, the purifying device stops operating.

As shown in FIG. 6, the purifying apparatus according to the present invention having the above-described structure has wire ropes 24a, 24a.
b and the anchors 25a and 25b operate at a fixed position moored in the water area for purification treatment. Therefore, the purification treatment operation can be efficiently carried out by mooring the water in the lake and marshes where the pollution is remarkable or the basin suitable for the purification treatment. In addition, when moving the purification device in the water area, the wire ropes 24a, 2
4b and the anchors 25a, 25b can be pulled up and pulled by a ship or the like to easily change their positions.
Further, by setting the wire ropes 24a and 24b to be long and mooring the float 13 so that the float 13 can move up and down, even if the water level 15 of the water body to be treated changes, the float 13 follows this and the water surface 15 of the water body to be treated 15 Since the relative positional relationship between the fluidized bed type filtration tank 1 and the fluidized bed type filtration tank 1 can be kept constant, a stable purification treatment operation can be continued.

Since this purification apparatus is installed so as to float in the water area to be purified by the float 13, compared to the case where the purification apparatus is installed on the ground, the raw water transportation from the water area to be treated to the purification apparatus is carried out. And less power is required to return purified water from the purification equipment to the water area to be treated,
The power required for the entire purification device can be significantly reduced. Moreover, since the water surface of a vast water area can be used as the installation location of the purification device, it becomes easy to install a facility for purifying a large amount of water by enlarging the purification device and also for the facility construction. It will be less.

Further, since the lower part of the filtration tank 1 is submerged, the height of the filtration tank 1 exposed on the water surface can be lowered, and moreover, buoyancy is generated in the submerged portion, so that much. The float 13 can be downsized. And
If the submerged amount (depth) of the purifying device is reduced so that most of it floats on the water surface 15 of the water body, it is easy to install the purifying device having a large purification treatment capacity even in shallow water areas. Become.

When such a purifying device is floated on a lake or the like to carry out the purifying treatment, the purified water 7 discharged from the final stage of the filtration tank 1 is not always perfect.
For example, the biofilm adhering to the filter medium 2 may peel off and flow out, or the substance originally contained in the raw water 3 may flow out. In order to enhance the purification effect, it is desirable to prevent such suspended solids from returning to the lake.

FIG. 7 is a purifying apparatus in which a settling tank 26 for settling and removing suspended solids contained in the purified water 7 after the purification treatment by the fluidized bed in the above-mentioned purifying apparatus is installed on the purified water discharge side. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of the processing tank in FIG. The same reference numerals are given to constituent means common to the above-described embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted, or illustration thereof will be omitted.

The settling tank 26 in this embodiment prevents the suspended solids contained in the purified water 7 from flowing out into the lake, and even if the filter medium 2 flows out of the filter tank 1 for some reason, the outflowing filter medium It is intended to prevent re-contamination of the water area to be treated by allowing 2 to be precipitated and removed. The sludge pipe 27 that opens to the bottom of the settling tank 26 is opened to a sludge reservoir 30 via a valve 28 and a sludge pump 29. Then, by periodically opening the valve 28 and operating the sludge pump 29, the sludge settled and accumulated in the settling tank 26 is transferred to the sludge reservoir 30. The reason why the sludge discharge pipe 27 is opened at the bottom of the settling tank 26 is that sludge containing a large amount of water is to be concentrated and collected as much as possible.

The upper water surface of the settling tank 26 is set higher than the water surface 15 of the water area to be treated so that the purified water 32 discharged from the water discharge pipe 31 is discharged into the water area at a high flow velocity. Therefore, the purified water 32 can be diffused further away from the purification device, and the purified water 32 can be immediately transferred to the submersible pump 1.
Since it is prevented from being pumped up and refluxed in 1, it is possible to uniformly purify the inside of the water area to be treated.

The sludge contains an extremely large amount of water, and if the sedimentation tank 26 is simply provided, the inside of the sedimentation tank 26 will be immediately filled with the sludge and the number of sludge collection operations by the sludge carrier ship will increase. If the volume of sludge that has been concentrated to some extent by precipitation is transferred from the bottom of the settling tank 26 to the sludge reservoir 30 and dried in the sun to reduce the volume, the number of sludge collections can be reduced. In order to realize this idea, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the settling tank 26 and the sludge reservoir 30 are attached to the float 13 and floated on the water surface in the state of being close to the septic tank 1, and the sludge pump 29 removes the water from the settling tank 26. The sludge that has been pulled up is transferred to the sludge reservoir 30 and naturally dried by sunlight.

FIG. 9 shows a state in which such a purifying device is installed in a reservoir 33 having a storage capacity of 5000 tons, and the water in the reservoir 33 is circulated every 15 days by the purifier. It is a filter that can be purified.

If the water level in the water area to be purified is stable and the foundation such as the bottom surface or wall surface of concrete is established at the position where this purification device is installed, the float 1
It is also possible to omit 3a to 13c and support the filtration tank or the like on the base. On the contrary, if the water level of the water area to be purified changes extremely, or if the water level is too low and the bottom of the purification device contacts the bottom of the water area to be treated and it is difficult to install it in a stable state. It is possible to install by supporting a filtration tank or the like on the base.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a purification device adapted to grow plants in the settling tank 26. Settler 26
Examples of the plants to be cultivated in the above are aquatic plants such as water hyacinths such as water hyacinths which are cultivated by floating in water, and aquatic plants such as reeds, pupae and papyrus which are planted and cultivated on a raft-shaped cultivating floor floated in the settling tank 26. Plants are preferred. Not only do these plants provide a pleasing landscape, but their roots also facilitate the settling of sludge components, allowing even the smallest sludge components to settle, and further absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in sludge and purified water. Add the effect of consuming. In addition, a vegetation floating island in which trees and plants are planted is installed on the floating island installed adjacent to the purification device. This vegetation floating island utilizes the sludge reservoir 30 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and not only provides a preferable landscape, but also absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus in the sludge by consuming trees and vegetation and consuming water. Adds the effect of assisting evaporation.

Next, operation control of a pump or the like by solar power generation will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a circulation pump 34 for supplying oxygen to the purified water in the precipitation tank 26 is installed in the precipitation tank 26. Further, the electric power for operating the underwater intake pump 11 of the purifying device is configured to be supplied only from the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b. A battery is installed to maintain the control function of the control device 14 and to secure the minimum power supply necessary for monitoring, but the power for driving the power source such as a pump is supplied from the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b. I am trying to supply only. Therefore, the solar power generation panel 12a,
On a cloudy day or at night when the power generation capacity of 12b decreases, sufficient power to operate the submersible water intake pump 11 cannot be secured, so the operation of the device is stopped. However, since cloudy weather may continue at high temperatures during the rainy season, sludge is decomposed in the settling tank 26 where water is stagnant, oxygen in the water is insufficient, and water quality is likely to deteriorate. In order to cope with such an environment, the water in the settling tank 26 is
From time to time, it is desirable to supply oxygen by circulating the water with the circulation pump 34 to mix the surface water with the water inside. Since the circulation pump 34 used for such a purpose needs only a small head and a small flow rate, the power (power consumption) required for operation is also small. Purification capacity is 15 per day
In the 00-ton purification device, the rated power generation amount (daytime power generation during fine weather) of the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b for supplying power to the underwater intake pump 11 is about 1.5 kW. On the other hand, the electric power required to operate the circulation pump 34 in the settling tank 27 is about 100 W, and the amount of power generated by the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b can often be sufficient in the daytime even in cloudy weather. Therefore, in this embodiment, the amount of power generated by the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b is controlled by the submersible pump 11.
When it is not enough to operate the circulation pump 34 but can supply the electric power for operating the circulation pump 34, the electricity generated by the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b is supplied to the circulation pump 34 to operate the circulation pump 34 to cause precipitation. The water in the tank 26 was circulated for aeration.

FIG. 12 details the circulation pump 34 installed in the settling tank 26 in the embodiment shown in FIG. The settling tank 26 is installed by the float 35 so as to float in the water area to be treated, and the circulation pump 34 is installed by the float 36 so as to float on the water surface in the settling tank 26, and the electric air compressor is located above the water surface. 37 is attached. When electric power is supplied from the solar power generation panels (12a, 12b), the electric air compressor 37 rotates to compress the air and blow it into the water through the conduit 38 to raise it as bubbles. These bubbles replenish oxygen in the water and, together with its rise, cause a flow of water to cause precipitation.
A water stream is generated inside 6. Settling tank 2 by this water flow
The water in 6 is mixed on the surface and inside, and the oxygen dissolved in the water from the atmosphere at the surface spreads throughout the settling tank 27.

The embodiments described so far are the same as the filtration tank 1a.
The raw water 3 pumped up to the above was sequentially filtered through the filtration tank 1a, the filtration tank 1b and the filtration tank 1c, and then returned to the lake again. The embodiments described below are configured so as to be provided with a bypass flow path that bypasses the one-stage or two-stage filtration tanks so as to be adaptable to various environments.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, valves 40a, 40 are provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 4 connected to the submersible water intake pump 11.
b and 40c are provided, and the raw water 3 sent by the water supply pipe 4 is branched to each of the valves 40a to 40c to divide the raw water 3 into the first filtration tank 1
a, water pipes 39a, 39b, 39c for sending to the second-stage filtration tank 1b and the third-stage filtration tank 1c. Valve 40
Reference numerals a to 40c are electromagnetic valves, which are independently controlled to open and close by a control signal from a controller 58 as shown in FIG. By opening and closing these valves 40a to 40c, it is possible to control the water to be treated to be sent to each of the filtration tanks 1a, 1b, 1c. This treated water control is executed as follows according to the amount of electric power supplied to the underwater intake pump 11, the state of raw water to be taken, and the state of water in each filtration tank 1.

When the submersible water intake pump 11 is operated exclusively by the power supplied from the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b, the amount of electric power supplied to the submersible water intake pump 11 changes depending on the weather condition. When the power supplied from the solar power generation panels 12a and 12b is small, the rotation speed of the submersible water intake pump 11 is also low, so that the sucked raw water cannot be sufficiently pressurized. When the boosting force of the submersible water intake pump 11 is such that raw water can flow from the water surface 15 to the filtration tank 2c through the valve 40c, the valve 40c is opened and the taken raw water is supplied only to the filtration tank 1c for filtration. To do so. Solar power generation panel 12
When the amount of power generated by a and 12b increases and the electric power supplied to the submersible water intake pump 11 increases so that the discharge pressure of the submersible water intake pump 11 can supply the raw water to the filtration tank 1b, the valve 40c Is closed and the valve 40b is opened to supply the raw water taken by the underwater intake pump 11 to the filtration tank 1b. The raw water supplied to the filtration tank 1b passes through the filtration tank 1b, is filtered, and then passes through the filtration tank 1c to be filtered and discharged. When the sun's rays become stronger and the amount of power generated by the solar power generation panels 12a, 12b increases and the discharge pressure of the submersible water intake pump 11 increases to the extent that water can be supplied to the filtration tank 1a, the valves 40b, 40c are closed. Only 40a is opened and the raw water taken by the underwater intake pump 11 is supplied to the filtration tank 1a. As a result, the raw water is filtered by sequentially passing through the filtration tanks 1a, 1b, 1c.

By performing such valve opening / closing control, for example, in an installation environment in which the operational sunlight is obtained from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm in fine weather, 8 hours in the morning It becomes possible to drive in the time zone from 4pm to 4pm.

Also, during the period from autumn to winter, phytoplankton is often reduced and the water quality is improved in the lakes to be purified. The reduction of phytoplankton in lakes means that the activity of microorganisms inside the filter tank 1 also decreases, and the purification treatment capacity by biological action, which is the principle of fluidized bed filtration, also decreases. In such an environment, the flow velocity of the water to be treated rising in the filtration tank 1 was reduced, and the contaminants were physically captured by the principle of upward fixed bed filtration without flowing the filter medium in the filtration tank. However, since the amount of contaminants (load) contained in the original treated water is small, the filtration tank 1
May not be clogged, and the purification efficiency may be higher than that of the fluidized bed filtration with reduced capacity.

In consideration of this phenomenon, all valves 40a, 40b and 40c are opened in autumn and winter to supply water in parallel to the respective filtration tanks 1a, 1b and 1c. In this way, each filtration tank 1a is
The amount of water to be treated is ⅓ of that in the case where water is supplied in series to ˜1c. If the filter medium in the filter tank 1a is prevented from flowing with this amount of water, upward fixed bed filtration is realized in this filter tank 1a. The water to be treated that has passed through the filtration tank 1a and the water to be treated supplied through the valve 40b are supplied to the filtration tank 1b. This amount of water is
The amount of water is 2/3 that when 1c is connected in series. Since the filter medium in the filtration tank has a certain particle size distribution, there is a considerable amount of filter medium which does not flow at this flow rate, and the filtration tank 1b.
Realizes mixed filtration of fixed bed filtration and fluidized bed filtration.
Furthermore, since the same amount of water to be treated is supplied to the filtration tank 1c as when the respective filtration tanks 1a to 1c are connected in series, the filtration tank 1c performs fluidized bed filtration.

Further, in this embodiment, it is also possible to change the amount of water taken by the submersible water intake pump 11 depending on the state of the raw water. In the normal amount of water taken, the filter material with a large particle size in the filter tank is set to the lower limit flow rate at which it starts to flow, and the turbidity capture rate is improved by the mixed filtration of fixed bed filtration and fluidized bed filtration. Try to raise it. When the raw water contains a large amount of clay-like suspended matter, such as after rainfall, it is not a good idea to capture such suspended matter, so increase the intake flow rate to completely remove the filter medium. Fluidize and turbidity like clay flows out (passes)
I will let you.

Further, when the water quality of the water to be treated treated in the filtration tank 1a is sufficiently clean, as shown in FIG. 13, the valves 40a and 40b are opened and the water intake pump 11 is operated. By setting the amount of water intake to twice the rated value, it is possible to operate with the treatment flow rate doubled to the rated value. In this case, the water to be treated that has passed through the filtration tank 1a and is filtered is supplied to the upper portion of the filtration tank 1b via the connection flow path 17a, but the filtration tank 1b is supplied with the rated filtration flow rate via the water supply pipe 39b. Since the raw water is supplied, the water to be treated supplied from the filtration tank 1a overflows and the filtration tank 1c remains as it is.
Run down to the top. The treated water that has passed through the filtered tank 1a and the treated water that has passed through the filtered tank 1b join together into the filtered tank 1c, and the treated water is supplied at twice the rated flow rate, but only the rated flow rate is filtered. After passing through the tank 1c and being filtered, the rest overflows as it is and flows down.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, a space is provided between the end of the water supply pipe 39a for supplying water to the filtration tank 1a and the start end of the water conveyance pipe 16a so that the water head is formed by the height of the uppermost portion of the water conveyance pipe 16a. Although the structure is such that the water to be treated flows, the water conduit 16a inevitably becomes high in this structure.
In the embodiment shown in (1), the water supply pipe 39a and the water guide pipe 16a are directly connected to each other to form a closed pipe, so that the head of the filtration tank 1a is secured to reduce the height of the entire device.

Further, the purifying device according to the present invention is the filtration tank 1
an embodiment in which a, 1b, 1c are connected in series, and the amount of raw water taken by the submersible water intake pump 11 is made larger than the rated treatment capacity so that the filtration tanks 1a to 1c overflow. It is also possible to do so.
For example, when such an operation is carried out when the raw water is significantly polluted and the dissolved oxygen in the raw water is small, raw water having a rated filtration flow rate or more overflows in the upper portions of the respective filtration tanks 1a to 1c and is exposed to the outside air. Is naturally aerated. That is,
The rated filtration flow rate is passed through each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c to be filtered, and the portion exceeding the rated filtration flow rate is naturally aerated by dropping due to overflow and oxygen is supplied.

FIG. 15 shows a purifying device for controlling the purifying process by monitoring the condition of the raw water taken by the submersible water intake pump 11 and the condition of the water to be treated filtered in each of the filtration tanks 1a to 1c. There is. Pipe 5 in the water quality monitor 51
2a, 52b, 52c, 52d are connected, and the pipes 52a-52d are electromagnetic valves 53a, 53b, 53.
By controlling the opening and closing of c and 53d, the underwater intake pump 11
The raw water taken in step 1 and the water to be treated that has been filtered in each of the filtration tanks 1a, 1b, 1c are sent to the water quality monitor 51 due to the head difference. In addition, in FIG. 15, the grid-like structures 50a, 50b, 50c are installed above the respective filtration tanks 1a, 1b, 1c to prevent the operator from falling into the filtration tank 1 at the time of maintenance work. .

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a control system showing in detail the purifying device shown in FIG. Valves 53a, 53
b, 53c and 53d are controlled to open and close respectively, and the sample 5 is passed through the pipes 52a, 52b, 52c and 52d
The raw water and each water to be treated, which are sent to the water quality monitoring unit 51 as 5, are discharged to the treatment target water area as they are after the temperature, pH, turbidity, etc. are measured by the water quality sensor 54. The water quality sensor 54 is electrically connected to the controller 58 by a signal line 64, and sends the water quality data obtained by measurement to the controller 58. Controller 58
Incorporates, as a program, all sequences required for operation control of the purification device, such as water quality measurement and operation control of the submersible pump 11. Each valve 53a, 53b, 53
Opening / closing control of c and 53d is also performed by a control signal sent from the controller 58 through the signal line 65. In addition, the controller 58 includes the pressure gauge 57 provided on the discharge side of the submersible water intake pump 11 and the water supply pipes 39a, 39.
flowmeters 56a and 56 provided on b and 39c, respectively.
The measured values of b and 56c are monitored via the signal lines 68 and 66, and the water supply pipes 39a and 39b are based on those values, the measured value of the water quality sensor 54, the power generation amount of the solar power generation panel (12a, 12b), and the like. , 39c respectively, the opening and closing control of the valves 40a, 40b, 40c respectively provided via the signal line 67 according to a preset sequence,
Alternatively, the operation of the submersible water intake pump 11 connected to the control device 14 via the power supply line 63 is controlled via the control device 14 connected to the signal line 60, or
The operation of the circulation pump 34 in the precipitation tank 26 described with reference to 2 is controlled.

The controller 58 further includes the wireless device 5
9, the value of each monitor and the operating state of the purifying device are wirelessly communicated to a land-based management building (not shown) using radio waves 69. The management wing analyzes the transmitted data and, depending on the case, allows the change of the sequence program built in the controller 58 to be executed by wireless communication.

[0077]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

By installing the filtration tank in the water area to be treated so that the treated water introducing portion and the water discharge portion are higher than the water surface, it is possible to provide a purifying device which facilitates maintenance work.

Further, by arranging the lower part of the filtration tank so as to be submerged in the water area to be treated, it is possible to lower the exposed portion on the water, and therefore the head of the intake pump is lowered, so that energy consumption is reduced. To do. In addition, since the water to be treated supplied to the filtration tank is opened to the atmosphere and oxygen in the atmosphere is replenished to the water to be treated, the power for aeration can be reduced, and therefore the consumption for aeration can be reduced. Energy can be reduced.

Further, the purification treatment performance is stabilized by dividing the inside of the fluidized bed type filtration tank to form a plurality of flow paths to make the flow of the water to be treated in the tank uniform and to stabilize the fluidized bed. be able to.

Further, since the suspended matter contained in the purified water discharged from the filter tank is settled and removed in the settling tank, recontamination of lakes and marshes can be prevented.

Further, since the sludge settled in the settling tank is pulled up to the sludge reservoir and dried, it is possible to reduce the number of sludge collection operations from the purification device.

Further, by providing a container for storing the water that has passed through the filter tank and cultivating the plant in the container, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the landscape due to the installation of the purification device.

Further, the water to be treated can be passed through a plurality of filtration tanks in series or in a parallel relationship to be filtered, and can be purified at a flow rate corresponding to the quality of the raw water or the water to be treated. By doing so, it is possible to deal with various environments.

Further, a water supply method for the filtration tank is controlled according to the amount of solar power generation, and an aeration circulation pump is provided to circulate the purified water in the precipitation tank to supply oxygen. Since the operation control is performed so as to continue the purification process, it is possible to realize the purification process that effectively utilizes the solar power.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle of fluidized bed type filtration adopted in a purification device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a purifying device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the fluidized bed type filtration tank according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the fluidized bed filtration tank according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram of the control device in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing an installed state of the purification device in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a processing tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an external perspective view of a purifying device showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a plan view showing a state in which the purification device shown in FIG. 8 is installed in a lake.

FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of a purifying device showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an external perspective view of a purifying device showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a portion of a settling tank in the purification apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a fluidized bed type filter tank showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a fluidized bed type filtration tank showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a side view showing an installed state of a purifying device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a block diagram showing a control system in the purification device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a-1c ... Fluidized bed type filtration tank, 2, 2a-2c ... Filter material, 3 ... Raw water (lake water), 4 ... Water supply pipe, 6 ... Water discharge pipe, 7
... Purified water, 11 ... Submersible water intake pump, 12a, 12b ... Solar power generation panel, 13a-13c ... Float, 14 ... Control device, 15 ... Water area water surface, 16a-16c ... Water conduit, 17a
-17c ... Connection channel (gutter), 19 ... Battery, 21 ...
Switching relay, 22 ... External power supply, 24a, 24b ... Wire rope, 25a, 25b ... Anchor, 26 ... Sedimentation tank, 30 ... Sludge reservoir, 34 ... Circulation pump, 51 ... Water quality monitor section, 58 ... Controller.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI C02F 7/00 B01D 23/10 Z (72) Inventor Takashi Mizumori 502 Jinmachi-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeo Takagi 502 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Co., Ltd. Mechanical Engineering Laboratory (72) Inventor Hiroaki Yoda 603 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Tsuchiura factory (72) Inventor Kobayashi Kazuo 4-6, Kanda, Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor, Hiroaki Okajima, 603, Kamimachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Tsuchiura Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) Reference: JP-A-7-60286 (JP) , A) Actual development Sho 58-124293 (JP, U) Actual development 6-70898 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , D B name) C02F 3/02-3/10 C02F 3/14-3/34 C02F 7/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of filtration tanks, which are installed in a water area to be treated, have a filter medium inside, and are provided with a water supply port and a drain port at different heights and have different heights, respectively. Intake means for supplying water to the tank, means for introducing water to be treated from the intake means to the water supply port provided for each of the filtration tanks, and each filtration tank excluding the tallest filtration tank to the previous filtration tank And a means for introducing water to be treated drained from the water into the water supply port of the filtration tank. 2. A plurality of filtration tanks, which are installed in a water area to be treated, have a filter medium inside, and are provided with a water supply port and a drain port at the upper part and have different heights, respectively, and take the water from the water area to be treated and perform the filtration. Water intake means for supplying water to the tank, solar power generation means for supplying electric power to the water intake means, and treated water parallel for introducing the treated water from the water intake means in parallel to the water supply port provided for each of the filtration tanks Introducing means, opening / closing means provided for each of these treated water parallel introducing means, and introducing the treated water drained from the preceding filtration tank into each of the filtration tanks excluding the highest filtration tank to the water supply port A purifying apparatus comprising: a treated water series introduction means for controlling the opening / closing means and a means for controlling the opening / closing means in accordance with the power generation amount of the solar power generation means. 3. A plurality of filtration tanks, which are installed in a water area to be treated, have a filter medium inside, and are provided with a water supply port and a drain port at the upper portion and have different heights, respectively, and take water from the water area to be treated and perform the filtration. Water intake means for supplying water to the tank, solar power generation means for supplying electric power to the water intake means, and treated water for introducing in parallel the water to be treated from the water intake means into the water supply port provided for each of the filtration tanks Parallel introduction means, opening and closing means provided for each of these treated water parallel introduction means, and the treated water drained from the preceding filtration tank to each of the filtration tanks excluding the highest filtration tank is introduced to the water supply port A purifying apparatus comprising: a series of treated water introducing means, a means for detecting the water quality of the water to be treated, and a means for controlling the opening / closing means based on the output of the water quality detecting means. 4. The method of introducing the treated water of the preceding filtration tank into the water supply port into each of the filtration tanks except the highest filtration tank according to claim 1, A purifying device, characterized in that the water to be treated is opened to the atmosphere before being supplied.