JP3421316B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing a molded product mainly composed of woody material - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is for crushing waste wood, driftwood, pruning materials, etc., and then heating and molding them by a simple method to convert them into structural materials, etc., for widely effective use. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a molded product containing a wood material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, waste wood is often treated by incineration method including open burning, but in recent years, open burning has been completely banned due to the tightening of waste gas regulations, etc. Is in a banned situation. Therefore, plans to accumulate waste wood on a large scale, burn it with a large incinerator, and generate electricity have begun to move. However, thermal recycling alone is not enough for small and medium-sized companies, and some studies on material recycling such as composting are underway. At the research and development stage, technological development is underway to liquefy wood with chemicals and apply it to wood plastics and adhesives. In that case, a large amount of drug is required for liquefaction,
The ratio of drug costs is high, and a method that is economical enough to be accepted in the market has not been completed yet.

As a method for solving these problems, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-36653 discloses a method for producing a wood solution in which a wood material is dissolved in an organic solvent having an active group capable of polymerizing in the presence of an anhydride of a dibasic acid. Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-80367, a cyclic carbonic acid, a woody substance and an acid are mixed and heated under normal pressure at a temperature not lower than the melting point and not higher than the boiling point of the cyclic carbonate so that the woody substance is treated with the acid. And a method for producing a resin raw material composition from a wood-based substance in which a product of this decomposition is reacted with a cyclic carbonic acid.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional methods all have the effect of liquefying wood, but in order to liquefy the entire amount of wood, it is necessary to mix the chemicals several times or more by weight, and at least the same. It is impossible to liquefy unless mixing more than the amount. Therefore, 90% or more of the liquefaction cost is occupied by the drug cost, which cannot be an economical process. Also, even if a large amount of chemicals are added and liquefied,
The use of liquefied soluble wood is limited to the use as a raw material for plastics and adhesives, and secondary processing is required, and the final product is not cost competitive.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to use only a sufficient amount of a chemical agent to liquefy only a portion of crushed wood, especially near the surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for producing a molded product mainly composed of a wood material, which can reduce the amount of a drug by using a liquefied product as a binder.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material of the present invention is
The wood material is crushed, the cyclic carbonic acid chemicals are mixed and heated under acidic conditions to liquefy only the surface area of the wood material, and the liquefaction product formed in the chemical-impregnated portion near the surface is molded as a binder. It is configured. Examples of cyclic carbonic acid agents include ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate,
Used alone or as a mixture. As the wood material, waste wood, driftwood, pruning material, sawdust, wood powder, wood chips, veneer scraps, plywood scraps, bark and the like are used.

In the method of the present invention, the woody material is crushed and the cyclic carbonic acid drug is added in an acidic condition in a weight ratio of the woody material of 1 or less and 0.001 or more, preferably 0.5 or less.
Liquefaction formed in the drug-impregnated part after mixing one or more amounts and heating above the melting point and boiling point of the cyclic carbonic acid drug
The feature is that the product is molded as a binder .
When the cyclic carbonic acid drug is less than the lower limit of the above range, there is a disadvantage that sufficient strength cannot be obtained after molding, while when it exceeds the upper limit of the above range, the drug and the liquefied product melted during pressurization are There is the inconvenience that the product is squeezed and separated from the product or that the pressure is not sufficiently transmitted to the molded product.

In the method of the present invention, the woody material is crushed, and the cyclic carbonic acid drug is added under acidic conditions in a weight ratio of the woody material of 1 or less and 0.001 or more, preferably 0.5 or less and 0.1 or more. Of the cyclic carbonic acid drug above the melting point,
After heating to boiling point, with further heating to under pressure, drug
The method is characterized in that the liquefied material formed in the portion impregnated with is used as a binder to be molded into a predetermined shape. Further, the method of the present invention comprises crushing a wood material and adding a cyclic carbonic acid drug under acidic conditions in an amount of 1 or less and 0.001 or more, preferably 0.5 or less and 0.1 or more as a weight ratio of the wood material. Liquefied product formed in the drug-impregnated part by mixing and heating at the same time as the pressurization above the melting point and boiling point of the cyclic carbonic acid drug .
Is characterized by being molded into a predetermined shape as a binder .

Further, in the method of the present invention, a cyclic carbonic acid drug is prepared by crushing and mixing woody materials and plastics in an amount of 10 or less and 0.01 or more, preferably 5 or less and 0.2 or more as a weight ratio of the woody materials. Under acidic conditions, the weight ratio of the wood material is 1 or less and 0.001 or more, preferably 0.5 or less and 0.1 or more, and heated to the melting point or more and the boiling point or less of the cyclic carbonic acid drug simultaneously with pressurization. The drug
It is characterized in that the liquefied material generated in the dipped portion is used as a binder to be molded into a predetermined shape. If the amount of plastic is less than the lower limit of the above range, there is no contact between the plastic particles, there is a disadvantage that the strength of the molded article decreases, while, if the amount exceeds the upper limit of the above range,
There is an inconvenience that the chemical is absorbed by the plastic and the liquefaction treatment of the wood material becomes insufficient. In these methods, the heat obtained by burning a part of the woody material may be used as a heat source necessary for reaction and / or molding.

According to the method of the present invention, a substance having a binder effect is produced in the entire area of the crushed wood material impregnated with the drug, and the adhesive which has penetrated into the tissue near the surface of the crushed wood material is adhered. Therefore, the strength of the molded product can be increased even with a small amount. In addition, since the adhesive effect is exhibited at the same time as molding, it becomes easy to handle and can be freely molded, and many problems for easily and effectively utilizing waste wood and the like have been solved.

The apparatus for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material according to the present invention comprises a crusher for crushing a wood material, and a cyclic carbonic acid chemical under acidic conditions in a weight ratio of the wood material of 1 or less 0.00
A mixing tank for mixing an amount of 1 or more, preferably 0.5 or less and 0.1 or more, a reaction tank for heating the cyclic carbonic acid drug to the melting point or more and the boiling point or less, and the reaction product impregnated with the drug.
A molding machine for molding the liquefied material produced in the portion as a binder is provided. In this apparatus, it is preferable that the mixing tank and the reaction tank are integrated.

Further, the apparatus of the present invention comprises a crusher for crushing a wood material, and a weight ratio of the wood material under the acidic conditions of cyclic carbonic acid chemicals of 1 or less, 0.001 or more, preferably 0.
5 or less, and a mixing tank for mixing an amount of 0.1 or more, and a liquefaction product formed in the drug-impregnated portion by heating the cyclic carbonic acid drug to the melting point or more and the boiling point or less at the same time as pressurization.
It is characterized in that it is provided with a thermoforming machine for forming a predetermined shape as a binder . In these devices, an incinerator that burns a part of the wood material, a combustion heat recovery device that recovers the waste heat of this incinerator, and a heat supply for supplying the recovered heat to the reactor and / or the molding machine. In some cases, a device may be further provided.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for manufacturing a molded product mainly composed of a wood material according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, wood waste (waste wood) such as construction waste wood and driftwood is directly received by the crusher 2 and crushed to a particle size that can be processed in the reaction tank 8. If the wood-based waste is small in size to some extent, it may be supplied by the waste wood feeder 1, but normally it is thrown into the crusher 2 by a construction machine for supplying waste wood. In order to crush it to a desired particle size, it is sorted by a sieve 3a, and the upper portion of the sieve is returned to the crusher 2 via a conveyor 4 and crushed again. The crushed wood-based waste under the sieve is further separated by the sieve 3b to separate the earth and sand, and the sieve above is supplied to the reaction tank 8 by the conveyor 5. The reaction tank 8 is configured so that mixing and heating can be performed.

Liquid drug A (for example, sulfuric acid) is fed to the reaction tank 8.
An appropriate amount is charged from the storage tank 6 by the drug A pump 7. Further, an appropriate amount of the solid drug B (for example, ethylene carbonate) is charged into the reaction tank 8 by the drug B feeder 9 from the storage tank 10.
After allowing the reaction solution to stay in the reaction tank for a predetermined reaction time, neutralization is performed by adding an alkali if necessary, and the reaction solution feeder 1
It is extracted at 1 and sent to the molding machine 12 to be molded into a predetermined shape. The reaction tank 8 is equipped with a stirrer and serves as a mixing tank and a heating tank. It is also possible to provide the mixing tank and the reaction tank separately. Further, a plastic may be added to the reaction tank 8 or a polymer (for example, ε-caprolactone) may be added.

FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for manufacturing a molded article mainly made of wood material according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the ground waste wood and the chemical A and the chemical B are mixed in the mixing tank 20 at room temperature and then heated by the heat molding machine 15. In this case, the reaction of liquefaction of wood and conversion into an adhesive substance proceeds in the heat molding machine 15 simultaneously with molding. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows an apparatus for manufacturing a molded article mainly made of wood material according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a basic flow diagram including heat utilization in which a process of burning a part of woody waste is added as a heat source of the apparatus shown in FIG. It is common to supply a part of the crushed sieve supplied to the reactor 8 to the incinerator 14, which is separated by a sieve, but by selecting the incinerator system, the wood waste before crushing is supplied as it is. You can also In addition, a part of the wood-based waste supplied to the incinerator 14 is guided to the carbonization furnace 13,
It is also possible to produce a carbide for adsorption used in the exhaust gas treatment tower 16. Reference numeral 17 is a combustion heat recovery device, and 18 is a heat supply device. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first and second embodiments.

In the present invention, after crushing the wood-based waste, by controlling the kind and amount of the chemicals, the crushed waste wood is not completely liquefied, but only the vicinity of the crushed surface is liquefied, and its generation. The desired amount of the necessary chemicals can be greatly reduced compared to complete liquefaction, because the adhesive is immediately molded into a predetermined shape with a molding machine in anticipation of the adhesive effect. In addition, since the shape of the molded product can be freely determined, application development of the molded product becomes easy.

[0018]

EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples will be shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention. Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Ethylene carbonate as a cyclic carbonic acid was added to crushed cedar pieces, acidified with sulfuric acid, inserted into a metal container having an inner diameter of 21 mm, and pressed and heated to be molded. . As a comparison target, the case where no drug is used is shown. The results are shown in Table 1. As a result, it was found that the molding strength can be sufficiently increased by using 1/3 the amount of the chemical agent of crushed wood.

[0019]

[Table 1]

Examples 2, Comparative Examples 3 and 4 Ethylene carbonate as a cyclic carbonic acid was added to a mixture of crushed cedar pieces and plastics, and the mixture was acidified with sulfuric acid.
It was molded by inserting it into a 1 mm metal container and applying pressure and heating. The results are shown in Table 2. As a result, the molding strength was improved by adding ethylene carbonate and acid and performing heat treatment.

[0021]

[Table 2]

[0022]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) A molded product containing a wood material having a required strength can be manufactured by adding an extremely small amount of a cyclic carbonic acid drug. (2) When the amount of heat obtained by burning a part of the raw wood waste is used as the heat source, the energy of the wood waste can be used more efficiently. (3) When the charcoal-based material obtained by partially bypassing the step of burning wood waste is used to purify the exhaust gas discharged by combustion, the raw wood waste can be comprehensively effectively used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an apparatus for manufacturing a molded product mainly composed of a wood material according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing an apparatus for manufacturing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow sheet showing an apparatus for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Waste wood feeder 2 crusher 3a, 3b sieve 4,5 conveyor 6 Drug A storage tank 7 Drug A pump 8 reactors 9 Drug B feeder 10 Drug B storage tank 11 Reaction solution feeder 12 molding machine 13 Carbonization furnace 14 incinerator 15 Heat molding machine 16 Waste gas treatment tower 17 Combustion heat recovery device 18 Heat supply device 20 mixing tank

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ichiyoshi Takagaki 1-1, Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Akashi factory (56) Reference JP-A-61-190555 (JP, A) Kaihei 2-147617 (JP, A) JP-A-8-225653 (JP, A) JP-A-11-80367 (JP, A) JP-A-8-244853 (JP, A) JP-A-7-3603 ( JP, A) JP 6-293360 (JP, A) JP 11-58331 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B27N 3/02 C08J 5/00 C08K 5/156 C08L 97/02 D04H 13/00

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A wood material is crushed, a cyclic carbonic acid drug is mixed and heated under acidic conditions to liquefy only the surface vicinity of the wood material, and a liquefaction product formed in the drug-impregnated part near the surface is bound. A method for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material, characterized by being molded as. 2. A wood material is crushed, and a cyclic carbonic acid drug is mixed under acidic conditions in an amount of 1 or less and 0.001 or more as a weight ratio of the woody material, and heated to a temperature above the melting point and below the boiling point of the cyclic carbonic acid drug. After that, the liquefaction product formed in the drug-impregnated part
A method for producing a molded product mainly composed of a wood material, characterized by being molded as a binder . 3. A wood material is crushed, and a cyclic carbonic acid chemical agent is added under an acidic condition in a weight ratio of the wood material of 1 or less 0.001.
After mixing the above amounts and heating to above the melting point and below the boiling point of the cyclic carbonic acid drug, it is further heated and impregnated with the drug under pressure.
A method for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material, characterized in that the liquefied material generated in the above-mentioned portion is molded into a predetermined shape using a binder . 4. A wood material is crushed and a cyclic carbonic acid drug is added under an acidic condition as a weight ratio of the wood material of 1 or less 0.001.
The above-mentioned amounts were mixed, and at the same time as pressurization, the cyclic carbonic acid was impregnated with the drug by heating above the melting point and below the boiling point of the drug.
A method for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood-based material, characterized in that the liquefied material produced in a portion is molded into a predetermined shape with a binder . 5. The weight ratio of wood material and wood material is 1
0 or less and 0.01 or more amount of plastic is crushed and mixed, and cyclic carbonic acid chemicals are mixed under acidic conditions in an amount of 1 or less and 0.001 or more as a weight ratio of wood material, and cyclic carbonic acid is added at the same time as pressurization. By heating above the melting point and below the boiling point of similar chemicals, the liquefaction produced in the chemical-impregnated part
A method for producing a molded product made of wood and synthetic resin, which is characterized in that it is molded into a predetermined shape as a dar . 6. The method for producing a molded product mainly composed of a wood material according to claim 1, wherein heat obtained by burning a part of the wood material is used as a heat source necessary for reaction and / or molding. Method. 7. A crusher for crushing wood materials, a mixing tank for mixing a cyclic carbonic acid agent under acidic conditions in an amount of 1 or less and 0.001 or more as a weight ratio of wood materials, and cyclic carbonates. The reaction tank is heated above the melting point of the drug and below the boiling point, and the liquefaction product formed in the part impregnated with the reaction product is hydrated.
An apparatus for manufacturing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material, comprising a molding machine for molding as an inder . 8. The mixing tank and the reaction tank are integrated.
An apparatus for manufacturing a molded article mainly composed of the above-mentioned wood material. 9. A crusher for crushing wood materials, a mixing tank for mixing cyclic carbonic acid chemicals under acidic conditions in an amount of 1 to 0.001 as a weight ratio of wood materials, and pressurization. At the same time, by heating above the melting point and below the boiling point of the cyclic carbonic acid drug, the liquefied product formed in the drug-impregnated part is vaporized.
An apparatus for producing a molded article mainly composed of a wood material, comprising: a heat molding machine that molds a predetermined shape as an inder . 10. An incinerator for burning a part of a wood material, a combustion heat recovery device for recovering waste heat of the incinerator, and a heat supply for supplying the recovered heat to a reactor and / or a molding machine. An apparatus for manufacturing a molded article mainly made of a wood material according to claim 7, 8 or 9, further comprising: an apparatus.