JP3416813B2 - Roller guide device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roller guide device used for a linear guide portion of various industrial machines such as machine tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in machine tools, as a result of higher speed, there is a problem that if the sliding resistance is small, the vibration during cutting becomes large and the machining accuracy is adversely affected. As a countermeasure against this, in the case of a rolling guide device using balls, the differential slip caused by the difference in ball diameter between the center and the peripheral portion of the contact portion is positively used to improve the damping property. (See, for example, JP-A-7-35136).

[0003]

However, in the case of a ball, when it is applied to heavy cutting or a large machine, the load capacity tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, it is conceivable to use rollers instead of balls, but with a cylindrical roller, although load capacity can be expected to increase, it does not have the self-centering property of balls and does not have differential slip like balls. , Damping is not expected.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to use a roller having a rigidity higher than that of a ball, and further, self-aligning property and damping property. Another object of the present invention is to provide a roller guide device that also has the above function.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides an elongated track rail having a roller rolling surface, and a roller rolling surface of the track rail. The roller includes: a moving body having a roller rolling surface formed at a corresponding position; and a plurality of rollers rotatably interposed between the roller rolling surfaces of the track rail and the moving body. A shape having an arc portion having a diameter gradually decreasing from the central cylindrical portion toward both left and right ends, and a region of the roller rolling surface corresponding to the left and right arc portions of the roller is larger than the left and right arc portions of the roller. an arcuate surface to cause differential slip in contact with the right and left arcuate portions of the roller have a somewhat larger radius of curvature,
It corresponds to the central cylindrical portion of the roller on the roller rolling surface.
The area is a central arc surface, which is
Both ends of the central cylindrical part of the roller are respectively
When two points come in contact with each other, the rolling transitions smoothly, and when a heavy load is applied,
The left and right circular arcs of the roller contact the left and right circular arcs of the roller rolling surface
It is characterized in that it is configured to generate differential slip .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an elongated track rail having roller rolling surfaces formed on the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces, a block main body section facing the upper surface of the track rail, and a block main body section of the block main body section. A moving body having a pair of left and right legs protruding downward from both ends in the width direction and having a roller rolling surface formed at a position corresponding to the roller rolling surface of the track rail, and the track rail and the moving body. And a large number of rollers rotatably interposed between the corresponding roller rolling surfaces of
The shape is such that it has an arcuate portion that gradually decreases in diameter from the central cylindrical portion toward both left and right ends, and the region of the roller rolling surface corresponding to the left and right arcuate portions of the roller is slightly larger than the left and right arcuate portions of the roller. An arc surface having a radius of curvature that causes the left and right arc portions of the roller to come into contact with each other to cause differential slip ,
Region of the roller rolling surface corresponding to the central cylindrical portion of the roller
Is a flat straight line part, and the
The center cylindrical part of the roller contacts the straight part of the roller rolling surface
Rolls smoothly and the left and right circles of the roller when a heavy load is applied
Differential slip due to the arc portion contacting the left and right circular arc surfaces of the roller rolling surface
It is characterized in that it is configured to generate .

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the rollers on the upper surface side and the side surface side are held and connected by a roller connecting body.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 to 6 show a roller guide device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes the entire roller guide device. The roller guide device 1 includes a long track rail 2 on which a roller rolling surface 5 is formed, and a roller rolling surface 5 of the track rail 2. A moving body 3 having roller rolling surfaces 6 formed at corresponding positions, and a large number of rollers 4 rotatably interposed between the corresponding roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6 of the track rail 2 and the moving body 3. And are equipped with. Each roller 4 is a roller connecting body 20.
It is held and connected by.

In this roller connecting body 20, as shown in FIG. 3, the storage hole 24 for holding the roller 4 has a spacer portion 25.
Belt-shaped belt body 26 provided at a predetermined pitch via
And an end face holding plate 27 provided at the widthwise end edge of each storage hole 24 of the belt main body 26. In addition, an engaging piece that engages with the outer circumference of the roller 4 and holds the outer circumferential surface of the roller 4 may be provided at the hole edge of the storage hole 24. The end face holding plate 27 comes into contact with the roller end face of each roller 4 and stably holds the shaft of each roller 4 in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body 3, and at the center thereof, the end face of the roller 4 is held. An engaging convex portion 28 is provided that engages with the center hole 4a provided at the position rotatably and slidably. The end face holding plate 27 is guided to the inner wall of the roller raceway groove 6. The center hole 4a is formed by a conical hole having a triangular cross section.

The upper surface of the track rail 2 has a planar structure, and two roller rolling surfaces 5 and 5 are provided on the left and right sides of the central portion. Further, on the left and right side surfaces, inclined surfaces 9 are provided which are inclined from the vicinity of the upper end downward toward the center of the track rail 2 at an acute angle. Is provided. The track rail 2 is provided with a bolt hole that penetrates vertically.

The movable body 3 includes a block body 10 formed by a block body portion 7 and left and right leg portions 8 projecting downward from the left and right end portions of the block body portion 7, and the axial direction ends of the block body 10. A pair of side lids 11 to be attached
It consists of and. Block body 7 and left and right legs 8
Each of which is provided with a ball return passage 12 extending parallel to the roller rolling surface 6, and both ends of the roller rolling surface 6 and the ball return passage 12 are provided with a U-shaped direction changing passage 13 provided on the side lid 11. The barrel-shaped rollers 4 are connected to each other via a circulation path. The roller rolling surface 6 on which a load is applied is made of a metal surface, but the other parts are made of resin and integrally formed with the metal block. The roller rolling surface 6 is formed on the bottom surface of the raceway groove having a rectangular cross section, and the inner side wall thereof serves as a guide wall for guiding the end surface of the barrel roller 4 via the end surface holding plate 27.

The contact angle α1 of the roller 4 on the upper surface side of the track rail 2 is set to 90 degrees, and the contact angle α2 of the barrel roller 4 on the side surface side is set to about 30 degrees. This contact angle can be appropriately selected according to the load conditions. For example,
In the example shown in FIG. 7, the contact angle α3 of the roller 4 on the upper surface side is 45
In this example, the contact angle α4 of the barrel roller 4 on the side surface is set to 45 degrees. Here, the contact angles α1 to α4 are the contact angle lines L1 to L4 which are lines orthogonal to the central axis O of the barrel roller 4.
And the horizontal axis H.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the roller 4 has a shape having arcuate portions 4b, 4b whose diameter gradually decreases from the cylindrical central cylindrical portion 4a toward both left and right ends. The roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6 are the left and right circular arc portions 4b of the roller 4,
The area corresponding to the left and right circular arc portions 4b and 4b of the roller 4 is a single circular arc shape having a slightly larger radius of curvature than 4b, and has a slightly larger radius of curvature than the left and right circular arc portions 4b and 4b of the roller 4 and has a left and right circular arc portion. 4b, 4b are concave arc surfaces 5b, 5b; 6b, 6b that come into contact with each other to cause differential slip. In this embodiment, the areas of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6 corresponding to the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 are the left and right circular arc surfaces 5.
b, 5b; central arc surfaces 5a, 6a continuous with 6b, 6b
Has become. Therefore, at the time of light load, both ends of the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 come into contact with the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6 at two points, and there is a little gap between the central cylindrical portion 4a and the corresponding central arcuate surfaces 5a and 6a. is there. The left and right arc portions 4b of the roller 4,
4b is constituted by arcs having the same radius of curvature with different centers, or concentric arcs having a radius slightly smaller than the radius of curvature of the roller rolling surfaces 5, 6.

According to this embodiment, the contact area with the roller rolling surface is larger than that of the ball, and the load capacity for supporting the load is large. Further, when a light load is applied, both end portions of the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 have roller rolling surfaces 5, 6
Contacting each other at two points to make a rolling transition, and when a heavy load is applied during cutting or the like, the left and right circular arc portions 4b and 4b of the roller 4 make the left and right circular arc surfaces 5b and 5b of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6b and 6b and 6b.
The differential slip occurs due to the contact with and the damping property is enhanced. Laura 4
The sliding friction force of the roller is proportional to the contact surface pressure of the corresponding barrel-shaped roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6, but the left and right circular arc portions 4b and 4 of the roller 4 are
In the case of b, the surface pressure is high and the sliding frictional resistance is great at both ends.

Further, the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 is easy to make and the measurement is easy. That is, when the height of the upper surface of the moving body 3 is set within a predetermined dimensional tolerance range, generally, the track rail 2 is used as a reference, the moving body 3 and the roller 4 are actually measured and graded, and these are combined. It is set to a high level of dimensional accuracy. If the central portion of the roller 4 is arcuate, it is difficult to measure its outer diameter accurately, but if the central cylindrical portion 4a is formed as in this embodiment, the measurement can be simplified. In addition, even if there is a deviation in the circulation path formation position, an error in the parallelism of the mounting surface of the moving body 3 on the track rail 2, or a twist or deformation due to a large load or thermal deformation,
Based on the automatic adjustment action between the left and right circular arc portions 4b, 4b of the roller 4 and the arcuate roller rolling surfaces 5, 6, the roller 4 does not come into one-sided contact, and contacts the roller rolling surfaces 5, 6 in a well-balanced manner. And roll smoothly.

The radius of curvature R of the left and right circular arc surfaces 5b, 5b; 6b, 6b of the roller rolling surfaces 5, 6 is R ≧ when the radius of curvature of the left and right circular arc portions 4b, 4b of the roller 4 is R0.
It is preferable to set it to about R0 × 1.02. vice versa,
Left and right circular arc surfaces 5b, 5b of the roller rolling surfaces 5, 6; 6b, 6
Based on the radius of curvature R of b, the radius of curvature R0 of the barrel roller 4 is approximately 0.9 of the radius of curvature R of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6.
It is preferable to set it in the range of 5 to 0.99.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, only the points different from the first embodiment will be described, the same components will be assigned the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 6 (B) shows the contact structure of the barrel-shaped roller according to the second embodiment.
In this example, the areas of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6 corresponding to the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 are flat central straight portions 5c,
It is 6c. According to this embodiment, since the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 makes linear contact with the linear portions 5c and 6c of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6, the contact area is large and the load load capacity is large. Then, when a light load is applied, the central cylindrical portion 4a of the roller 4 causes the central linear portions 5c and 6c of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6 to move.
When the heavy load is applied during cutting, the left and right circular arc portions 4b and 4b of the roller 4 come into contact with the left and right circular arc portions 5b and 5b of the roller rolling surfaces 5 and 6b and 6b. The differential slip acts to increase the damping property.

[0018]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, since the barrel-shaped roller is used as the rolling element, the contact length becomes longer than that of the ball, so that the load supporting the load is increased. As the capacity increases, it also has alignment. In particular, by making the center of the roller into a cylindrical shape, it is easy to make and the measurement can be performed easily. further,
When a light load is applied, both ends of the central cylindrical portion are 2
Since it is in point contact, it moves lightly without causing differential slip, and the left and right arcs of the roller come into contact with the left and right arcs of the roller rolling surface when a heavy load is applied during cutting, etc., causing differential slip. The damping property is enhanced.

[0019] As described in claim 2, if the portion of the central cylindrical portion of the roller rolling surface is in contact with the flat straight portions, load bearing capacity contact area is large is increased.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the barrel-shaped rollers on the upper surface side and the side surface side of the track rail are held and connected by the roller connecting body, the central axis of the roller during rolling is the moving direction of the moving rail. It is possible to accurately guide in a direction orthogonal to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (A) is a front vertical sectional view of a roller guide device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (B) is a barrel-shaped roller row on the upper surface side of a track rail in FIG. 1 (A). It is sectional drawing of a circuit.

2 (A) is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (B) is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 (A), and FIG. 2 (C) is of the apparatus of FIG. It is a side view.

3 (A) is a side view of a roller assembly incorporated in the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 (B) is a partially cutaway top view of the roller, and FIG. 3 (C) is of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the engagement state with the roller connection body of a roller, and the same figure (D) is a figure which shows the terminal part of the same figure (A).

4 is a block diagram of a moving body of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 4A is a top view, FIG. 4B is a front view, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

5 shows a side cover of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 (A) is a rear view, FIG. 5 (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5 (A), and FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7A, FIG. 7D is a front view, and FIG. 8E is a partially cutaway side view of FIG.

6 (A) is a sectional view showing a contact state between a roller and a roller rolling surface of the apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 (B) shows a contact state of the roller according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing shown.

7 is a diagram showing a modification of the contact angle of the roller of the apparatus of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Roller guide device 2 track rails 3 moving bodies 4 roller 4a Central cylindrical part 4b arc part 4c Central arc part 5 Roller rolling surface 6 Roller rolling surface 5a, 6a Central straight part 5b, 6b circular arc surface 7 block body 8 legs 9 inclined surface 10 blocks 11 side lid 12 ball return passage 13 turn road 20 Roller connection

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-149328 (JP, A) JP-A-60-143225 (JP, A) JP-A-62-242126 (JP, A) JP-A-62-110024 (JP , A) JP-A 1-224523 (JP, A) JP-A-59-69519 (JP, A) JP-A 11-201162 (JP, A) JP-A 2001-107958 (JP, A) JP-A 2001- 140879 (JP, A) Actually open 3-12015 (JP, U) Actually open 63-91722 (JP, U) Actually open 7-28225 (JP, U) Actually open 5-89943 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16C 29/04-29/06 F16C 19/00-19/56 F16C 33/30-33/66

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An elongated track rail having roller rolling surfaces formed on the upper surface and left and right side surfaces, a block main body facing the upper surface of the track rail, and downward from both widthwise end portions of the block main body. And a pair of left and right leg portions projecting at the same position, and a roller rolling surface formed at a position corresponding to the roller rolling surface of the track rail, and a roller rolling member corresponding to the track rail and the moving body. A large number of rollers rotatably interposed between the moving surfaces, the roller having a shape with an arc portion having a gradually decreasing diameter from the central cylindrical portion toward both left and right ends, A region of the surface corresponding to the left and right circular arc portions of the roller is a circular arc surface having a slightly larger radius of curvature than the left and right circular arc portions of the roller and causing the left and right circular arc portions of the roller to come into contact to cause differential slip , The low of the roller rolling surface
The area corresponding to the central cylindrical portion of the la is the central arc surface.
Therefore, when a light load is applied, both ends of the central cylindrical portion of the roller are rolled.
-Two points each contacting each rolling surface to make a light rolling transition,
When a heavy load is applied, the left and right circular arcs of the roller roll
Configuration that causes differential slip by contacting the left and right circular arc surfaces
Roller guide device, characterized in that has become. 2. An elongated track rail having roller rolling surfaces formed on the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces, a block main body section facing the upper surface of the track rail, and downward from both widthwise ends of the block main body section. And a pair of left and right leg portions projecting at the same position, and a roller rolling surface formed at a position corresponding to the roller rolling surface of the track rail, and a roller rolling member corresponding to the track rail and the moving body. A large number of rollers rotatably interposed between the moving surfaces, the roller having a shape with an arc portion having a gradually decreasing diameter from the central cylindrical portion toward both left and right ends, A region of the surface corresponding to the left and right circular arc portions of the roller is a circular arc surface having a slightly larger radius of curvature than the left and right circular arc portions of the roller and causing the left and right circular arc portions of the roller to come into contact to cause differential slip , The low of the roller rolling surface
The area corresponding to the central cylindrical part of the la becomes a flat straight part
The center cylindrical part of the roller rolls when a light load is applied.
When a heavy load is applied, it makes a light rolling transition by contacting the straight part of the surface
The left and right circular arcs of the roller are the left and right circular arcs of the roller rolling surface.
A roller guide device characterized by being brought into contact with a surface to generate differential slip . 3. A linear roller guide device according to claim 1 or 2 the rollers of the upper surface side and side surface side of the track rail, characterized in that it is coupled held by the roller connecting body.