JP3415179B2 - 3D model creation device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) and a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (M-X).
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional model creation device that inputs three-dimensional data of a target organ extracted from a slice image of multiple tomograms obtained by a tomography apparatus such as RI, and creates a real model (three-dimensional model) of the target organ. Prior to a surgical operation, prior to the surgical operation, for example, a bone cut portion and a cut range, and a method of rearranging a cut portion are examined to find an optimal method. That is, it is important to make a surgical plan. [0003] As a device for assisting in planning an operation plan, there is a three-dimensional computer graphic device called an operation simulation system. This surgical simulation system uses X-ray computer tomography (X-ray C
T) and a three-dimensional image of a target organ such as a soft tissue or a bone is created using slice images of multiple tomograms obtained from a tomographic apparatus such as a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (MRI). This is a device that realizes computer processing such as excavation, cutting, cutting, and measurement. However, since a three-dimensional image is essentially two-dimensional information obtained by performing projection processing and shading processing on a two-dimensional image, the three-dimensional image naturally has a limit in terms of its three-dimensional expressiveness. In some cases, it was not possible to sufficiently express such factors, and thus it was not possible to sufficiently support the planning of an operation plan, and it was sometimes necessary to change the operation plan after the patient was actually incised. Furthermore, various functions such as excavation and cutting are limited and cannot cope with complicated surgery, and the response is not sufficiently satisfactory. By the way, in recent years, when a modeling device capable of forming a three-dimensional model made of plastic has been developed, it is practical to create a real model of a target organ such as a bone using the modeling device and to use the model for planning an operation. Is being transformed. At present, the mainstream modeling device is the one using the optical molding method, as shown in FIG.
As shown in Figure 3, the three-dimensional data received from an external device is sliced at a thin lamination pitch to cut out slice data of multiple slices, and one layer of the sliced data is formed of a photosensitive material (ultraviolet curable resin) by an ultraviolet laser. By drawing on the liquid surface, the ultraviolet-curable resin is cured, then submerged by one layer, and the next layer is laminated while being cured on the already-cured layer to form a three-dimensional model. [0006] As described above, the modeling apparatus can form an effective model for planning an operation plan. However, since the actual model is formed while sequentially laminating each layer of a minute pitch, the modeling is completed before the completion of the actual model. There is a problem that it takes considerable time. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to address the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional model creating apparatus capable of shortening the modeling time of a real model. . It is another object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional model creating apparatus that realizes, for example, shaping of a defective portion or shaping of a real model of a complicatedly moving blood vessel, which was impossible in the past. According to the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional model creating apparatus according to the present invention, wherein three-dimensional slice images of a target portion are used, and the three-dimensional model of the target portion is sequentially stacked on the liquid surface of the cured resin. In a three-dimensional model creation device for modeling a model, a means for dividing the slice image of the multi-tomography into a plurality of blocks along the tomographic direction, and separating a slice image taken one by one from the plurality of blocks into a frame Means for creating model data in which the number of tomograms is smaller than that of the slice image by arranging, and a plurality of models corresponding to the plurality of blocks while being sequentially stacked one by one on the liquid surface of the cured resin based on the model data Means for simultaneously forming the partial models. According to the three-dimensional model creating apparatus of the present invention, partial models of a plurality of blocks are simultaneously formed.
Rather than sequentially stacking the three-dimensional models of the target portion as one, a three-dimensional model of the target portion can be formed with a smaller number of laminations. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the target organ is divided into a plurality of blocks, the real model of each block is simultaneously formed, and finally the real model of the target organ is formed by combining the real models of each block. Thus, the number of laminations is reduced, and the modeling time is shortened. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Created by applying binarization processing, contour tracking processing, and three-dimensional processing to each slice image of multiple tomography obtained by tomography equipment such as X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) and magnetic resonance imaging equipment (MRI) The three-dimensional data of the target organ, such as the bones and blood vessels, is input from the input device 1. The model data creating device 2 receives the three-dimensional data input from the input device 1 and slices it into multiple slices at the stacking pitch of the modeling device 3 by a preprocessing unit (not shown). Convert to the actual size CAD format and create model data. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a main part of the model data creation device 2. The blocking device 4 divides the slice data of the multiple slices from the pre-processing unit into a plurality of blocks, in this example, a plurality of continuous slice data in order to divide the target organ into a plurality of blocks as described above. Divide into four blocks. The placement device 5 separates slice data (see FIGS. 4A to 4D) extracted one by one from each block in a frame of model data in order to form a real model of each block simultaneously. Place it, Figure 5
Create model data as shown in. The label adding device 6 appropriately adds a label such as a patient name to the model data. If the modeling device 3 employs an optical shaping method, as shown in FIG.
And the rotating mirror 31 are arranged so that the spot from the ultraviolet laser 30 irradiates the liquid surface of the liquid ultraviolet curing resin 33 contained in the water tank 32 via the rotating mirror 31,
By rotating the rotating mirror 31 based on the model data, the liquid surface is scanned with a spot to draw an image for one layer, and after the liquid surface is hardened, the elevator 34 is further submerged by the elevator 34. The three-dimensional model is formed by curing the next layer based on the next model data on the already-cured layer and laminating the layer. Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described. The three-dimensional data of the target organ, such as a bone or a blood vessel, input through the input device 1 is input to a model data generating device 2.
Is sliced into multiple slices at the stacking pitch of the modeling device 3 and converted into slice data of multiple slices. The slice data of the multiple slices is divided into a plurality of blocks, here four blocks, by using a plurality of continuous slice data as one block by the blocking device 4 so as to divide the target organ into a plurality of blocks. Four slice data extracted one by one from each block as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4D are arranged at intervals in one frame by the arrangement device 5 as shown in FIG. Is constructed. Model data is similarly created for the other hierarchies. The label adding device 6 appropriately adds a label 7 indicating a patient name or the like to a predetermined number of slice data as shown in FIG. 6 to create model data. The modeling device 3 uses this model data to form an image of the lowermost layer of each block on the ultraviolet curing resin 3.
The physical model of each block is simultaneously formed while drawing on the liquid surface of No. 3, curing the liquid surface, submerging one layer, and sequentially stacking on the already hardened layer using the model data of the next layer. When the entity model of each block is completed, these are combined to complete the entity model of the target organ. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the target organ is divided into a plurality of blocks, and the real model of each block is formed simultaneously, so that the number of laminations can be reduced, and the real model can be reduced in a short time. Can be created. In the present embodiment, model data for one layer is created by arranging a plurality of slice data of the same target organ without dividing the target organ into blocks, or slice data of a different target organ is prepared. By arranging and creating model data for one layer, a plurality of the same real models or a plurality of different real models can be formed simultaneously.
Next, a second embodiment will be described. The overall configuration is not different from FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the real model is converted to an appropriate surface, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is characterized in that it is formed by cutting along an axial surface A, a sagittal surface B or a coronal surface C as shown in FIG. For this reason, the model data creation device 2 uses the data shown in FIGS.
And creates model data in which the cut parts are separated as shown in FIG.
Additive manufacturing with. Therefore, there is no need to cut the integrally formed physical model, and the axial plane A and the sagittal plane B are not required.
And a real model that can be separated by a coronal surface C or the like. Next, a third embodiment will be described. The overall configuration is not different from FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment. The present embodiment is characterized in that a real model which is inverted left and right around a longitudinal center plane of a target organ is created.
For this reason, the model data creation device 2 creates model data in which the left and right images with the longitudinal center plane of the target organ as a boundary are inverted, and the modeling device 3 according to the model data.
Additive manufacturing with. By the way, when creating an artificial bone for filling a defective part, the symmetry of the left and right structure of a human is utilized.
Therefore, by cutting out a portion corresponding to a defective portion from the inverted right and left real model, a highly accurate artificial bone having a delicate curvature can be created. Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. The overall configuration is not different from FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the model data creating device 2
Creates difference data between normal model data in which the left and right images are not inverted and model data in which the left and right images are inverted via the longitudinal center plane, creates model data from the difference data, and performs a modeling device according to the model data. At step 3, a real model is formed. Therefore, when there is a defect in the target organ, a real model of the defect can be formed, and it is not necessary to cut out a part corresponding to the defect from the inverted right and left real model as in the third embodiment. Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. The overall configuration is not different from FIG. 1 described in the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, the model data creating device 2
By inverting the image portion and the background portion of the slice data, that is, creating model data in which the slice data is black and white inverted (1/0 inverted), a three-dimensional model of the background portion can be obtained.
That is, a three-dimensional model in which the target organ is hollow is formed. Therefore, for example, when forming a real model of an elongated organ such as a blood vessel, it is necessary to add a large number of support members for holding this structure. Thus, it is not necessary to add a large number of support members, and it is possible to form a three-dimensional model of a hollow blood vessel portion. Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. The overall configuration is not different from FIG. 1 described in the previous embodiment. In the present embodiment, the running state of the blood vessel is changed from the outside by injecting a gel of a color different from that of the ultraviolet-curable resin into the hollow part (target organ) of the black-and-white inversion model created in the fifth embodiment. It can be easily observed. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented with various modifications. According to the three-dimensional model creating apparatus of the present invention, since the partial models of a plurality of blocks are formed simultaneously, the three-dimensional models of the target site are stacked one by one, rather than one by one. A three-dimensional model of the target portion can be formed with a small number of laminations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a modeling device. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a main part of a model data creation device. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing four slice data extracted from each block. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing model data created from four slice data. FIG. 6 is a view showing model data to which a label is added. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cut surface of the real model of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of model data. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a modeling principle of a modeling device. [Description of Signs] 1 ... Input device, 2 ... Model data creation device, 3 ... Modeling device, 4 ... Blocking device, 5 ... Placement device, 6 ... Label adding device.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-113828 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 19/00 502 B29C 35/08 B29C 67 / 00 G09B 23/28

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A three-dimensional model creation that forms a three-dimensional model of the target site while sequentially layering the liquid surface of the cured resin layer by layer using multiple slice images of the target site. In the apparatus, a unit that divides the slice image of the multiple tomography into a plurality of blocks along the tomographic direction, and the slice image obtained by separately arranging a slice image one by one from the plurality of blocks in a frame. Means for creating model data in which the number of faults is reduced, and a plurality of partial models corresponding to the plurality of blocks are simultaneously progressed while sequentially laminating one layer on the liquid surface of the cured resin based on the model data. A three-dimensional model creation device, comprising: means for modeling.