JP3413987B2 - Vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device for indicating the remaining capacity of a battery mounted on an electric vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electric vehicle uses a large number of vehicle batteries as drive sources and travels by rotating a drive motor. However, since the batteries serve as drive sources, it replaces the fuel meters of conventional gasoline vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to have the meter always indicate the remaining capacity of the battery.

[0003]

However, the conventional vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device has the following problems. That is, when the battery is recharged, the battery voltage V apparently becomes as shown in periods T0 to T1 of FIG.
It has a property of becoming higher than the actual capacity W, and when charging is stopped by looking only at the battery voltage V, the actual remaining capacity W becomes smaller than the capacity calculated based on the battery voltage V. Therefore,
When charging is stopped at time T1 and the vehicle starts to run immediately, the used power is subtracted from the apparent initial remaining capacity W'calculated based on the battery voltage at the time of charging stop in the vehicle's battery remaining capacity meter. In order to display the remaining capacity by doing so, the actual remaining capacity W is always smaller than the apparent remaining capacity W ′ by the error w.

Therefore, before the apparent remaining capacity W'reaches the recharging line which is empty on the meter, the actual remaining capacity becomes almost 0, the battery runs out and the vehicle cannot run, and most of the battery liquid remains. There is a problem that the battery itself may be damaged if it is emptied.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and provides a vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device in which a meter indicating the remaining capacity of the battery can indicate the actual remaining capacity of the battery. The purpose is to

[0006]

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery voltage detecting section for detecting a battery voltage, and when charging is stopped.
A charge calculating unit for calculating a first chopped capacity, the power consumption calculation unit for integrating the power use of the battery, the power consumption of power consumption calculation unit for accumulating the initial remaining capacity charge calculating portion calculates subtraction in In a vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device comprising a subtracting section for calculating the remaining battery capacity by means of a battery and a meter for instructing the remaining capacity calculated by the subtracting section, the remaining capacity calculating section inputs the temperature information of the battery to the temperature An input section, a charging information input section for accumulating the charging time of the battery, and a battery
A remaining capacity data table to determine the remaining battery capacity by the combination of the voltage and the battery temperature and the charging time, battery
Based on the battery voltage from the voltage detector, the temperature information from the temperature input unit, and the charging time information from the charging information input unit,
It is provided with an actual remaining capacity calculating section for obtaining an actual remaining capacity by referring to the remaining capacity data table.

[0008] The invention of claim 2 includes a battery voltage detector for detecting a battery voltage, a charge calculating portion for calculating a first chopped capacity during charge stop, and power consumption calculation unit for integrating the power usage of battery A subtraction unit that calculates the remaining battery capacity by subtracting the used power accumulated by the used power calculation unit from the initial remaining capacity calculated by the remaining capacity calculation unit; and a meter that indicates the remaining capacity calculated by the subtraction unit. In the vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device, the remaining capacity calculator calculates the charging information input section for accumulating the charging time of the battery and the apparent remaining capacity calculated from the battery voltage by the combination of the battery voltage and the charging time. A discharge time table that determines the battery discharge time required to match the actual remaining capacity,
Based on the battery voltage detected by the battery voltage detection unit when charging is stopped and the charging time information accumulated by the charging information input unit,
The time of discharge, which referring to the discharge time table to determine the discharge time
Calculating a while calculating section, and a discharge control unit for discharging time calculating unit to discharge the battery in accordance with the discharge time determined, the remaining capacity based on the battery voltage inputted from the battery voltage detection unit after the discharge by the discharge control unit And an actual remaining capacity calculation unit.

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

In the vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the actual remaining capacity calculation unit determines the battery voltage by the battery voltage.
Obtained from the voltage detection unit, to obtain temperature information of the battery from the temperature input section, to obtain a charging time of the battery from the charging information input unit, bus
Refer to the data table of the remaining capacity data table that determines the remaining capacity of the battery based on the combination of the battery voltage, the battery temperature, and the charging time, and check the battery voltage from the battery voltage detector.
The actual remaining capacity of the battery is obtained based on the combination of the battery voltage, the temperature information from the temperature input section, and the charging time information from the charging information input section. Then, the actual remaining capacity calculated by the actual remaining capacity calculation unit is used as the initial remaining capacity, and the meter is instructed to indicate the remaining capacity of the battery by subtracting the used power from the initial remaining capacity.

As a result, unlike the case where the initial remaining capacity is directly determined from the apparently high voltage immediately after the charging is stopped,
It is possible to obtain the actual remaining capacity by correction based on the remaining capacity data table for the voltage immediately after charging which appears to be high, and use this as the initial remaining capacity, and the meter indication always matches the actual remaining capacity of the battery. Can be

[0013] In the remaining capacity indicating apparatus for motor vehicle battery of the invention of claim 2, the battery voltage from the battery voltage detector
Get the charging time of the battery by the charging information input unit,
The discharge time calculation unit refers to the discharge time table that determines the battery discharge time required until the apparent remaining capacity calculated from the battery voltage by the combination of the battery voltage and the charging time matches the actual remaining capacity. to, the discharge time is determined based on the charge time information battery voltage and charging information input unit for detecting the battery voltage detection unit when the charge stop is accumulated, the discharge control unit in accordance with the discharge time computing unit the discharge time was determined There is electrostatic discharge the battery. And
The actual remaining capacity calculation section calculates the remaining capacity based on the battery voltage input from the battery voltage detection section after discharging by the discharge control section to obtain the initial remaining capacity, and the used power is subtracted from this initial remaining capacity. Causes the meter to indicate the remaining capacity of the battery.

As a result, unlike the case where the initial remaining capacity is directly determined from the apparently high voltage immediately after the charging is stopped,
Apparently high voltage immediately after charging is stopped is discharged for a predetermined discharge time based on the discharge pattern table to lower the battery voltage, and the initial remaining capacity is determined based on the battery voltage after that, so meter indication is always given to the battery. The actual remaining capacity of

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an overall configuration common to the respective embodiments of the present invention . A charger 3 that transforms and rectifies a power source 2 having a predetermined power with respect to a battery 1 and charges the battery 2.
A voltage detecting unit 4 that detects the voltage of the battery 1, a temperature detection unit 5 for detecting the battery fluid temperature, which characterizes part of the present invention, residual capacity calculation for leaving calculate the initial remaining capacity at the time of charge stop the battery 1 And a used power calculator 7 that calculates and integrates used power based on a current flowing from a battery 1 to a drive motor (not shown) when the vehicle is traveling.
From the initial remaining capacity of the remaining capacity calculation section 6, the used power calculation section 7
Subtractor 8 that subtracts the used power of
And this battery remaining capacity is full charge remaining capacity F (full),
It is composed of a meter 9 for displaying the remaining capacity which needs to be recharged as E (empty).

In the first embodiment, the remaining capacity calculation unit 6
Shows the internal configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the voltage input unit 10 that inputs the voltage detection signal from the voltage detection unit 4
And a charging information input unit 11 for inputting charging information such as charging start and charging stop from the charger 3, and a timer which is activated when the charging information input unit 11 detects charging stop and measures a preset time. 12 and an actual remaining capacity calculator 13 that inputs a battery voltage from the voltage input unit 10 when the timer 12 outputs a time-up signal and calculates the remaining capacity of the battery based on the battery voltage. There is.

Next, the operation of the vehicle battery remaining capacity indicator having the above structure will be described. The overall operation will be described with reference to FIG. 1. When the remaining capacity of the battery becomes empty, the driver will connect the charger 3 to the battery 1 and perform recharging. At the time of this recharging, the voltage detection unit 4 is connected to the electrode of the battery 1 to detect the battery voltage, and the temperature detection unit 5 is connected to the output of the battery liquid temperature sensor (not shown) on the battery 1 side. These voltages,
The temperature signal is input to the remaining capacity calculation unit 6.

The charging by the charger 3 is stopped when the battery 1 reaches the full charge voltage by the charger 3 or when it is necessary to stop the charging even below that.

As a result, the remaining capacity calculation unit 6 calculates the actual remaining capacity when charging is stopped, and stores this as the initial remaining capacity.
Output to the subtractor 8.

After charging is stopped, the charger 3 is disconnected, and when the vehicle is driven by the battery, the power consumption calculator 7 is connected to the battery 1, and the power output from the battery to the drive motor (not shown) is supplied as voltage and current. Based on the above, the total is calculated. Then, the integrated electric power is constantly output to the subtractor 8 as the used electric power.

The subtractor 8 subtracts the integrated value of the used power given by the used power calculation section 7 from the initial remaining capacity from the remaining capacity calculation section 6 to obtain the remaining capacity, and outputs it to the meter 9.
In the meter 9, the battery remaining capacity is calculated as the full charge remaining capacity F
(Full), the remaining capacity that needs to be recharged is displayed in meters as E (empty).

Therefore, the driver runs while watching the display on the meter 9 and determines that the battery needs to be recharged when the vehicle is near empty, and stops at the service station to be recharged or recharged at home. Will be done.

When this recharging is performed, the remaining capacity calculation unit 6 of the first embodiment operates as follows and outputs the actual remaining capacity as the initial remaining capacity. At the start of charging, the remaining capacity calculation unit 6 is connected to the charger 3 and the voltage detection unit 4, the battery voltage output from the voltage detection unit 4 is input from the voltage input unit 10, and charging start / stop from the charger 3 is started. The charging information is input from the charging information input unit 11.

Then, the timer 12 starts counting when the charging information input section 11 receives the charging stop information, and gives an actual remaining capacity calculation command to the actual remaining capacity calculating section 13 when the preset time is measured.

Therefore, the actual remaining capacity calculating section 13 calculates the remaining capacity based on the battery voltage given from the voltage input section 10 when receiving the support from the timer 12, and outputs this as the initial remaining capacity.

This accomplishes the matter shown in FIG. That is, when the battery 1 charged in the charging period of T0 to T1 is charged at the time of T1, the apparent remaining capacity based on the voltage V at the time of charging is close to full charge, but the actual remaining The capacity W is lower than that. Therefore, in order to stabilize the voltage, timer 1 is used when charging is stopped.
2 is activated to wait for T1 to T3,
This period is a travel prohibition period and waits for the voltage of the battery 1 to settle down.

Then, at the time T3 when the voltage V settles down and the remaining capacity based on the voltage almost coincides with the actual remaining capacity, the timer 12 is timed up, and the actual remaining capacity calculation unit 1
3 calculates the remaining capacity based on the battery voltage at that time and outputs it as the initial remaining capacity.

As a result, the remaining capacity displayed by the meter 9 can be made substantially equal to the actual remaining capacity, and the battery runs out before the meter 9 becomes empty as in the conventional case. It is possible to avoid the problem that the battery cannot run or the battery liquid runs out, and the reliability of the battery meter can be improved.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The overall structure of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the characteristic point thereof is that of FIG.
It is in the internal configuration of the remaining capacity calculation unit 6 shown in FIG. The remaining capacity calculation unit 6 of the remaining capacity indicator for a vehicle battery according to the second embodiment includes a voltage input unit 14 for inputting a battery voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 4 and a battery fluid temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 5. The temperature input unit 15 for inputting the charge, the charge information input unit 16 for inputting the charge information from the charger 3, and the combination of the battery voltage, the battery liquid temperature, and the charge time at the time of stopping the charge are experimentally determined for each type of battery. The remaining capacity data table 17 in which the remaining battery capacity data determined in the table format is registered in a table format, the voltage information from the voltage input unit 14, the temperature information from the temperature input unit 15, and the charging time from the charging information input unit 16 Based on the combination of the information, the actual remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by referring to the remaining capacity data table 17, and is output as the initial remaining capacity.
It is composed of 8.

The operation of the vehicle battery remaining capacity indicator of the second embodiment having the above structure will be described below. Figure 4
In the remaining capacity calculation unit 6 shown in (4), the charging information input unit 16 starts measuring the charging time when the charging start signal is input by the charger 3, and the charging time until then is started when the charging stop signal is input. It is given to the actual remaining capacity calculator 18.

In the temperature input section 15, the temperature information input from the temperature detection section 5 when charging is stopped is given to the actual remaining capacity calculation section 18, and when the charging is stopped when input from the voltage detection section 4 of the voltage input section 14. The battery voltage is given to the actual remaining capacity calculator 18.

The actual remaining capacity calculator 18 uses the various information to calculate the apparent voltage when the charging is stopped, the battery fluid temperature,
Remaining capacity data table 17 with charging time as a parameter
, The remaining capacity data corresponding to the corresponding parameter is read out, and this is output as the initial remaining capacity.

In this case, in the graph shown in FIG. 6, even if the apparent voltage at the time of charging stop T1 is W ', data based on the experiment registered in advance in the actual remaining capacity calculation unit 18 side. It becomes possible to automatically calculate the actual remaining capacity W based on the above, and to display this on the meter 9 as the initial remaining capacity, and to make the remaining capacity displayed by the meter 9 substantially match the actual remaining capacity. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the problem that the battery has run out before the meter 9 becomes empty and the vehicle cannot run or the battery liquid runs out as in the conventional case, and the reliability of the battery meter is improved. You can

Moreover, in the second embodiment, since the initial remaining capacity can be calculated and displayed on the meter 9 immediately after the charging is stopped, the travel prohibition time period T1 shown in FIG. 3 as in the first embodiment. ~ T3 is not required, and the battery 1 can be used immediately after the charging is stopped.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The third embodiment also has the same general configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and its characteristic point lies in the internal configuration of the remaining capacity calculating section 6 shown in FIG. The remaining capacity calculation unit 6 of the remaining capacity indicator device for an automobile battery according to the third embodiment has a voltage input unit 19 for inputting a battery voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 4 and charging start / charging stop information from the charger 3. , A charging time timer 21 for measuring the charging time from the charging start point to the charging stop point inputted by the charging information input section 20, and the battery is positively discharged for a certain time when the charging is stopped. Discharge control unit 2
2 and the discharge pattern table 23 for registering the discharge time data, which is obtained by experimentally determining the required discharge time by the combination of the charging time and the battery voltage when the charging is stopped, in a table format.
And a real remaining capacity calculator 24 that calculates the remaining capacity based on the battery voltage after the battery is discharged by the discharge controller 22 for a desired time when the discharge is stopped.

Next, the operation of the vehicle battery remaining capacity indicator having the above structure will be described. When the charger 3 is connected to the battery 1 and charging is started, the charging information input unit 20 receives the charging start information and the charging time timer 21 starts measuring the charging time.

When the full charge voltage is reached or the charge is forcibly stopped midway, the discharge control unit 22 inputs the charge time measured by the charge time timer 21 and the battery voltage is input from the voltage input unit 19. Then, the required discharge time corresponding to the charge time and the battery voltage is obtained by referring to the discharge pattern table 23, and the battery 1 is forcibly discharged based on this.

This forced discharge can be realized, for example, by supplying a motor current with the electric motor locked, or by supplying a battery current to the discharge resistor.

When the forced discharge process is completed, the actual remaining capacity calculation unit 24 inputs the battery voltage from the voltage input unit 19, calculates the battery remaining capacity corresponding to this battery voltage, and outputs it to the subtractor 8 as the initial remaining capacity. To do.

In this way, in the third embodiment, after the charging is stopped, the apparently high voltage is reduced to a level commensurate with the actual remaining capacity by forcibly discharging the battery for a predetermined time, and the voltage is lowered. Since the actual remaining capacity is calculated based on, and is displayed on the meter 9 as the initial remaining capacity, the remaining capacity displayed by the meter 9 can be made to substantially match the actual remaining capacity. It is possible to avoid the problem that the battery has run out before it becomes empty and the vehicle cannot run, or the battery liquid runs out, and the reliability of the battery meter can be improved.

Moreover, also in the third embodiment, since the initial remaining capacity can be calculated and displayed on the meter 9 immediately after the charging is stopped, the travel prohibition time period T1 shown in FIG. 3 as in the first embodiment. ~ T3 is not required, and the battery 1 can be used immediately after the charging is stopped.

In each of the above embodiments, the time setting of the timer 12 until the battery voltage is settled, the remaining capacity data of the remaining capacity data table 17, the discharge pattern of the discharge pattern table 23, etc. are variously changed according to the characteristics of the battery 1. Since it is something that can not be set uniformly by a mathematical formula, the battery type,
It is experimentally determined and registered according to the manufacturer, capacity, etc.

[0043]

[0044]

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, actual remaining capacity calculation portion, the remaining capacity data table in the data table for determining a remaining battery capacity by the combination of the battery voltage and the battery liquid temperature and battery charge time The actual remaining capacity of the battery is calculated based on the combination of the actual battery voltage, the liquid temperature of the battery, and the charging time, and the actual remaining capacity calculated by this actual remaining capacity calculation unit is instructed to the meter as the initial remaining capacity. Therefore, unlike the case where the initial remaining capacity is determined directly from the apparently high voltage immediately after the charging is stopped, the apparently high voltage immediately after the charging is stopped is corrected by the correction based on the remaining capacity data table. The capacity can be obtained and the meter can be instructed as the initial remaining capacity, and the meter instruction can be consistent with the actual remaining capacity of the battery.

Further, in this case, there is also an advantage that it can be used immediately after the charging is stopped.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the discharge time of the battery required for the apparent remaining capacity calculated from the battery voltage to match the actual remaining capacity by the combination of the battery voltage and the charging time is determined. The discharge time table that determines the actual battery voltage when charging is stopped and the discharge time corresponding to the discharge time are determined, the battery is discharged according to this discharge time , and the voltage detection unit inputs after this forced discharge. Since the actual remaining capacity of the battery is calculated based on the battery voltage as the initial remaining capacity and the meter is instructed, unlike the case where the initial remaining capacity is determined based on the apparently high voltage immediately after the charging is stopped, The battery voltage is allowed to drop until it almost matches the actual remaining capacity, and the initial remaining capacity can be calculated based on this voltage and the meter can be instructed. It can be assumed that instruction was always consistent with the actual remaining capacity of the battery.

Further, in this case, there is also an advantage that it can be used immediately after the charging is stopped.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration common to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a remaining capacity calculation unit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the operation of the remaining capacity calculation unit of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a remaining capacity calculation unit according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a remaining capacity calculation unit according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a battery characteristic of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 battery 3 charger 4 Voltage detector 5 Temperature detector 6 Remaining capacity calculator 7 Power consumption calculator 8 subtractor 9 meters 10 Voltage input section 11 Charging information input section 12 timers 13 Actual remaining capacity calculator 14 Voltage input section 15 Temperature input section 16 Charge information input section 17 Remaining capacity data table 18 Actual remaining capacity calculator 19 Voltage input section 20 Charge information input section 21 Charging time timer 22 Discharge controller 23 Discharge pattern table 24 Real remaining capacity calculator

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-3-135303 (JP, A) JP-A-59-147279 (JP, A) JP-A-5-276603 (JP, A) JP-A-3- 231175 (JP, A) JP-A-6-174808 (JP, A) JP-A-4-15582 (JP, A) JP-A-5-242915 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01M 10/42-10/48 G01R 31/36 H02J 7/00-7/12 B60L 1/00-15/42

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] And 1. A battery voltage detector for detecting a battery voltage, a charge calculating portion for calculating a first chopped capacity during charge stop, and power consumption calculation unit for integrating the power usage of the battery, the remaining capacity And a meter for instructing the remaining capacity calculated by the subtraction section. The subtraction section calculates the remaining battery capacity by subtracting the used power accumulated by the used power calculation section from the initial remaining capacity calculated by the calculation section. In a remaining capacity indicating device for an automobile battery, the remaining capacity calculation unit inputs a temperature information of the battery, a charging information input unit that integrates a charging time of the battery , a battery voltage, a battery temperature and a charge. The remaining capacity data table that determines the remaining capacity of the battery by combination with the time, and the battery from the battery voltage detection unit.
And an actual remaining capacity calculating section for obtaining an actual remaining capacity by referring to the remaining capacity data table based on the battery voltage, the temperature information from the temperature input section, and the charging time information from the charging information input section. Characteristic vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device. 2. A battery voltage detector for detecting a battery voltage, a charge calculating portion for calculating a first chopped capacity during charge stop, and power consumption calculation unit for integrating the power usage of the battery, the remaining capacity And a meter for instructing the remaining capacity calculated by the subtraction section. The subtraction section calculates the remaining battery capacity by subtracting the used power accumulated by the used power calculation section from the initial remaining capacity calculated by the calculation section. In the vehicle battery remaining capacity indicating device, the remaining capacity calculation unit is a charging information input unit that integrates the charging time of the battery, and an apparent remaining capacity calculated from the battery voltage by a combination of the battery voltage and the charging time. There the discharge time table to determine the battery discharge time required for the matching actual remaining capacity, and the battery voltage detecting said battery voltage detecting unit during charging is stopped Based on the charging time information serial charging information input unit is accumulated, the discharge time and the discharge time <br/> calculator table reference to determine the discharge time, wherein according to a discharge time of the discharge time calculating unit has determined A discharge control section for discharging the battery; and an actual remaining capacity calculation section for calculating a remaining capacity based on the battery voltage input from the battery voltage detection section after being discharged by the discharge control section. Remaining capacity indicator for automobile battery.