JP3411870B2 - Inspection device for meshing condition between male screw member and female screw member - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inspection device for inspecting the engagement state of a fastening member such as a screw.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a fastening member consisting of a bolt as a male screw member and a nut as a female screw member is screwed together, the bolt axis, which is the center line of both screw members, and the nut axis are positioned coaxially. Therefore, it is most desirable to insert the screw portion of the male screw member into the screw hole of the female screw member.
However, such a state is not always obtained, and when biting, the axes of both screws may shift slightly (center-to-center offset (axis gap)), or the axial direction of the bolt and the axial direction of the nut may differ. In many cases, the screwing is attempted as it is in the state where the axis is inclined with a certain stagger angle, or in the state where both the axial gap and the axial inclination exist. In such a case, as long as the axial gap and the inclination of the axis of the bolt and nut are not so great, the peaks and troughs of the screws are gradually meshed with each other, and the axes of both screws are corrected so as to be coaxial. Finally match. However, when the axial gap and the inclination of the axial line are large, the screws do not bite each other, or even if the screws bite each other, biting (seizure) or the like occurs, and a state in which they cannot be screwed easily occurs.

From the above, it is possible to prevent a screwing failure in advance and to check concretely how much the screwing condition is right before screwing the screwing screw. However, there is no method or device that can perform such an inspection easily and qualitatively, and usually the user sensuously determines the ease of fitting the screws together. It was.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for inspecting a meshed state of both screws when a relative positional relationship between a male screw member and a female screw member as an object to be inspected is in a specific state. To provide.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a male screw member and a female screw member as an object to be inspected, and inspects the meshing state of the object to be inspected. An inspection apparatus, comprising: rotating means for rotating at least one of the male screw member or the female screw member; an approaching means for relatively bringing the male screw member and the female screw member closer to each other; the male screw member and the female screw at the start of contact. A positional relationship setting means for setting a relative positional relationship with a member to a predetermined positional relationship, and a state in which at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member is rotated by the rotating means, and both screws are provided by the approaching means. It is characterized in that the members approach each other and it is evaluated whether or not screwing is possible in the predetermined positional relationship set by the positional relationship setting means.

Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the male screw member and the female screw member, which is assumed in actual work, can be arbitrarily set on the inspection device, and whether or not the meshing can be performed satisfactorily depending on the positional relation is determined. Can be inspected.

It is also possible to have an evaluation means for evaluating whether or not screwing is possible in the predetermined positional relationship set by the positional relationship setting means. In this way, by evaluating the meshing state by the evaluation means, it is possible to evaluate the degree of adaptation between the two screws when the two screws have various relative positional relationships.

The evaluation means may include a sensor for measuring a physical influence which directly or indirectly occurs in at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member, and a judging means for judging information from the sensor. You may By doing so, it becomes possible to measure the physical influence occurring on the male screw member or the female screw member by the sensor and evaluate the meshing state based on the information from the sensor.

Further, the evaluation means is a torque sensor for measuring a torque fluctuation directly or indirectly generated in at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member, and a time series of torque values obtained by the torque sensor. You may make it have a determination means which determines a meshing state by data. By measuring the torque generated in at least one of the screws with a torque sensor and obtaining the time-series data, it is possible to detect the torque fluctuation that occurs in the screw during meshing and evaluate the meshing state based on that torque fluctuation. .

The rotating means may be capable of adjusting the number of rotations of at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member. By adjusting the number of rotations in this way, the degree of adaptation of both screws to the number of rotations can be inspected.

Further, the positional relationship setting means sets the axial lines of the two screw members such that the axial direction of the male screw member and the axial direction of the female screw member form a predetermined misalignment angle at the time of contact for starting screwing. It is possible to have an axis inclination setting means for variably setting the relative stagger angle.
In this way, the degree of adaptation of the two screw members to the inclination of the axis can be inspected by intentionally making the axial lines of the two screw members have a direction difference and attempting screwing in that state.

Further, in the positional relationship setting means, at the time of contact for starting screwing, the center of the opening of the female screw member on the screwing start side and the center of the tip of the male screw member on the screwing start side are predetermined. So that there is an offset in distance,
You may make it have a center offset amount setting means which sets the center offset amount of both screw members on the screwing start side. In this way, the degree of adaptation of both screws to the center-to-center offset amount is inspected by attempting screwing with the center-to-center offset amount of both screw members at the time of contact for screwing start being set arbitrarily. be able to.

Further, the positional relationship setting means includes a rotation support portion for rotatably supporting at least one of the female screw member and the male screw member so as to be inclined such that its axis is inclined with respect to the axis of the counterpart screw member, Inclination angle adjusting means for adjusting the inclination angle of the screw member supported by the rotation support portion by changing the rotation angle of the rotation support portion; and the rotation support portion with the inclination angle adjusted, Consequently, the inclined state of the screw member is maintained at the inclination angle adjusted by the inclination angle adjusting means before screwing with the screw member of the other party, and when screwing with the screw member of the other party is started, It is possible to include a rotation support portion holding means that allows the rotation support portion to rotate in a direction that eliminates the inclination between the axis line of the opposite screw member and the screw axis line of the opposite screw member.

In this way, the rotation support portion tilts and supports the axis of one screw member with respect to the axis of the other (opposite) screw member, and the relative tilt angle of the rotation support portion is rotated. By adjusting by changing the angle and maintaining the inclination angle, the inclination state before the start of screwing can be arbitrarily set. Further, when the screwing is started, the rotation support portion is allowed to move in the direction in which the relative inclination angle of both screw axes is eliminated (the direction in which both axes are coaxial).
Both screws can complete screwing together. Therefore, if the combination is good, the relative inclination angle can be automatically canceled by screwing, and the degree of adaptation to the relative inclination angle of the screws can be inspected.

Further, the tilt angle adjusting means includes a stopper whose set position is movable in order to adjust and regulate the rotation limit of the rotation support portion in a plurality of steps or in a stepless manner. The support portion holding means applies an urging force for urging the rotation support portion to be in contact with the stopper, and a screw between the screw member supported by the rotation support portion and the counterpart screw member. When the engagement is started, the rotation support portion may include an urging means that allows the rotation support portion to rotate in a direction in which the axes of the screw members are opposed to each other against the urging force.

As described above, the rotation limit of the rotation supporting portion is regulated in a plurality of steps or steplessly by the stopper so that the rotation angle can be set to an arbitrary rotation angle, and the relative inclination angle between both screws can be set. The state of can be set. Also,
The rotation support portion is urged by the urging means in the direction of contacting the stopper, and when screwing is started, it is allowed to rotate in a direction in which the axis lines of both screw members are matched against the urging force. Therefore, the relative inclination angle between the screws and the degree of adaptation to the load (biasing force) associated with the correction of the relative inclination angle can be inspected, and the quality of the screw can be easily determined. Become.

The urging means is substantially fixed to the rotation support portion regardless of the contact state of the rotation support portion with the stopper and the angle of rotation of the rotation support portion away from the stopper. You may make it apply a load. In this way, by applying a constant load to the rotation support portion, a constant load is generated to correct the relative tilt angle, and an inspection state close to actual work can be achieved.

Further, the rotation supporting portion is rotatably supported by a movable table, and the movable table can be in a state of being offset by a predetermined amount from a state where the axes of the male screw member and the female screw member are substantially aligned with each other. And an offset amount adjusting means for defining the offset position of the movable base in a plurality of steps or in a stepless manner, and the movable base is offset by the offset before being screwed with the counterpart screw member. The movable base is allowed to move in a direction to eliminate the offset of the axial line of both screw members when the screwing with the other screw member is started while maintaining the position adjusted by the amount adjusting means. A movable table holding means is provided.

As described above, the movable table can be moved in a plurality of steps or steplessly so that the predetermined amount of offset can be set, so that the offset amount before the start of screwing of the screws can be arbitrarily set, and further, the offset can be set. Since the movable table is allowed to move in the direction to eliminate the above, if the screws are good, the self-centering action works and the screwing can be completed. Therefore, the degree of adaptation to the offset between the two screws can be inspected, and the quality of the screws can be easily determined.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of the inspection apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view thereof.
The inspection apparatus 1 uses a nut 2 as a female screw member and a bolt 3 (see FIG. 2) as a male screw member as an object to be inspected, and one of the screw members (nut 2 in the embodiment) is rotated by a rotating means equipped with a motor or the like. The screw is rotated and the other screw member (the bolt 3 in this embodiment) is fixed, and both screws are brought closer to each other by the approaching means to start the meshing. First, the configurations of the rotating means and the approaching means in the inspection device 1 will be described.

In FIG. 2, the inspection device 1 has a nut fixing portion 17 for fixing the nut 2 and a bolt fixing portion 6 for fixing the bolt 3, and the nut fixing portion 17 is a motor 10
It is fixed to a shaft 13 connected to the rotary shaft 20 and is rotationally driven by the driving force of the motor 10. Further, in the bolt fixing portion 6, the bolt 3 is attached so as to project in the direction of the nut 2. Further, the shaft 19 is fixed to the bolt fixing portion 6 coaxially with the axis of the bolt 3, and the torque generated in the bolt 3 is transmitted to the shaft 19 via the bolt fixing portion 6. And
The nut fixing portion 17 and the bolt fixing portion 6 include the nut 2,
A hole having a shape that fits into the bolt 3 (for example, a hexagonal bolt or a hexagonal hole that fits with a hexagonal nut if used as an object to be inspected is formed into a box spanner shape), and the bolt 3 The nut 2 is given torque or received torque from the bolt fixing portion 6 and the nut fixing portion 17, respectively.

Then, retaining members (clamping members) 50, 51 screwed into the nut fixing portion 17 and the bolt fixing portion 6 respectively so that the nut 2 and the bolt 3 are kept fitted with the fixing portions. Are provided, and the nuts 2 and the bolts 3 are fixed so as not to come off by being tightened by the retaining members 50 and 51. The nut fixing part 17 and the bolt fixing part 6 are detachable attachments in the inspection device (for example, the nut fixing part 17 and the bolt fixing part 6 are detachable from the shaft 13 and the shaft 19, respectively), and the object to be inspected May be changed to various fixing parts according to size and shape.

Further, the motor 10 for rotating the nut 2
Is fixed on the slider 39 by the fixing portion 14, and the rotary shaft 20 of the motor 10 is fixed on the slider 3.
In the support part 16 fixed to the bearing 9,
It is rotatably supported by. The slider 39 is moved along the guide grooves 38, 38 by the stepping motor 11 as an approaching (or separating) means,
The shaft 13 and the rotary shaft 20 can be moved up and down in the axial direction. Then, the motor 1 fixed to the slider 39
0, the support portion 16, the rotary shaft 20, the shaft 13, and the nut fixing portion 17 are interlocked with the vertical movement of the slider 39, and the movement causes the nut 2 as the object to be inspected to vertically move in the axial direction of the bolt. It approaches and separates from 3.

On the other hand, the shaft 1 which receives the torque from the bolt 3
9 (and at least one screw member fixing portion such as a nut fixing portion or a bolt fixing portion) is fixed to a swing support base 8 which is rotatable about the shafts 36, 36 in a swing shape.
With the rotation of the rotation support base 8, the bolt 3 and the shaft 19 change the axial angle (change the degree of inclination).
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a cord 27 is attached to the lower part of the rotation support base 8 as an urging force transmission member or a load transmission member, and a weight 26 is attached to the cord 27 via a pulley 25.

Due to the weight of the weight 26, the rotation support base 8 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 1 (the nut 2 and the bolt 3).
Is urged in a direction in which the axes of the screw members are inclined from the parallel state (in this example, the axis of the bolt 3 is inclined with respect to the axis of the nut 2). Rotation support base 8 and movable base 5
An inclination angle defining means for defining the inclination angle of the rotation support base 8 and by extension the screw member such as a bolt before screwing is provided between and. In this example, the movable base 5 is attached to the rotation support base 8
Arc-shaped long hole 37 centered on the shaft 36 that is the center of rotation of the
Is formed, a pin 47 that moves in the elongated hole 37 is fixed to a part (for example, a side surface) of the rotation support base 8, and a stopper 34 is provided so as to define a moving end of the pin 47. It is provided in.

The stopper 34 is attached to the movable table 5 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the long arc and can be fixed at the position after the movement (for example, as a clamp that can be fastened at the moving position). Good). When the pin 47 abuts on the stopper 34, the rotation support base 8,
Consequently, the inclination angle of the axis of the bolt 3 (in this example, the inclination angle of the axis of the bolt 3 with respect to the axis of the nut 2) is defined, and is maintained in that state by the urging action of the weight 26.
The stopper 34 can be fixed to any of a plurality of predetermined positions, or can be fixed to any position without any step. Further, the movement amount (displacement) of the stopper 34 with respect to the reference position is detected by a micrometer, a differential transformer, a magnet scale, or other appropriate displacement measuring (detecting) means provided in association with the movement, and the detected value Can be read by the user, displayed on the display device, further replaced by the display, or together with the display,
The displacement amount (inclination angle of the screw axis) of the stopper 34 can be stored in the memory.

Further, a long hole 35 (for example, the longitudinal direction is the axial direction of the female screw member) is formed in the movable table 5 which supports the rotary support table 8 via the shafts 36, 36. , 36 are movable (sliding) in the long hole 35. Therefore, the rotation support base 8 can move not only around the shafts 36, 36 but also up and down along the elongated hole 35.

The movable base 5 is a guide 3 formed on the base 31.
2 (see FIG. 3) is slidable. Then, a string 30 is attached to the leg portion 9 of the movable table 5 as a second biasing force transmitting member or a load transmitting member, and the string 3 is attached.
0 is pulled by the weight of the weight 29 through the pulley 28. Although the movable table 5 slides due to the pulling of the string 30, the amount of movement thereof can be determined by the stopper 33 (see FIG. 3), and the movable table 5 moves to the right in the drawing by a predetermined load (weight 29).
The load is stopped by the stopper 33 in the right direction in the drawing under the condition that the load is applied), and only the left direction in the drawing can move. The stopper 33 may be a fixed stopper, but in this example, the stopper 33 can be fixed at a plurality of positions in the moving direction of the movable table 5 or can be fixed steplessly at the position in the moving direction of the support table. The amount of movement of this stopper is detected by displacement detecting means such as a micrometer, a differential transformer, a magnet scale, etc., and the value can be read by the user, displayed on a display device, or stored in a memory. .

Next, a method of setting the relative positional relationship between both screws using the inspection device 1 will be described. FIG. 3 shows a diagram before setting the positional relationship of both screws. Further, FIG. 5 shows an AA cross section in FIG. The ideal positional relationship between the screws before the screwing is started is that the nut axis is aligned with the extension of the bolt axis as shown in FIG. 5, and in that state, both screws are axially aligned. It is most desirable to move and approach. However, the positional relationship between the two screws in the actual work and the load direction at the time of screwing are not necessarily ideal, and some deviation occurs. According to the present invention, the positional relationship between both screws, which is assumed to occur in the actual work, is arbitrarily set.
Will be described in detail below.

The main factor that determines the difficulty of engagement in actual work is the offset amount between the centers of the opening center 22a (nut axis 22) of the nut 2 and the threaded end center 21a (bolt axis 21) of the bolt 3 ( Center deviation amount) Δx,
The load W required to correct the center-to-center shift amount Δx, the inclination angle θ of the bolt axis 21 with respect to the nut axis 22, the moment M required to correct the inclination angle θ, the rotation speed n of the nut or the bolt, etc. Yes, those, Δx, θ, W,
The smaller the values of M and n, the easier the meshing becomes, and the larger the values, the more difficult the meshing becomes. Therefore, these
It can be said that a combination in which the meshing is completely completed even when the values of x, θ, W, M, and n are large is a combination of good screw members having a wide allowable range. Engage in an arbitrarily set state.

First, the center-to-center offset amount Δ between the center 22a of the opening of the nut 2 and the center 21a of the tip of the threaded portion of the bolt 3 Δ
The determination of x is performed by the following method. In FIG. 4, the axial direction of the nut 2 (vertical direction in the drawing) is the Y direction, and the guide 3
The moving direction (left-right direction in the drawing) according to 2 is defined as the X direction.
When the movable table 5 moves in the X direction according to the guide 32 by moving the stopper 33 shown in FIG.
22a of the opening of the bolt and the center 21a of the tip of the screw of the bolt
The distance in the X direction will be opened. Then, the center-to-center offset amount is set to Δx. The load W required to correct the center-to-center offset amount Δx is set by the weight of the weight 29, and W can be adjusted by changing the weight.

Next, the inclination angle θ of the bolt axis 21 with respect to the nut axis 22 is determined by the following method. When the stopper 34 shown in FIG. 3 is moved by a predetermined amount along the long hole 37, the rotation support base 8 moves about the pin 36 and the weight 26 moves.
As a result, the axis 21 of the bolt 3 that interlocks with the rotation support base 8 tilts at a predetermined angle with respect to the Y direction (with respect to the axis 22 of the nut 2) as shown in FIG. It will be. The inclination angle of the bolt axis 21 with respect to the nut axis 22 is θ. Further, the moment M required for correcting the inclination angle θ can be set by changing the weight of the weight 26, and the moment M generated as the weight increases.
Grows. If θ is extremely small,
The moment M required for correction in the axial direction can be set substantially constant by the weight of the weight 26, and the set value of the moment M at the time of inspection becomes clear. Further, the rotation speed n of the nut 2 can be set to an arbitrary rotation speed by adjusting the rotation speed of a motor serving as a rotating unit. However, the propulsion speed of the nut 2 with respect to the bolt 3 also increases in accordance with the increase in the rotation speed of the motor. Specifically, one rotation of the nut 2 can provide an approaching speed substantially equivalent to one pitch of the screw according to the pitch and the lead of the bolt and the nut to be screwed together.

As described above, the center-to-center offset amount Δx,
When the inclination angle θ, the load W, the moment M, and the rotation speed n are respectively determined, and the state of both screw members at the start of screwing is determined,
The nut 2 rotates and approaches the bolt 3 to start meshing. In order for the bolt 3 and the nut 2 to finally be completely meshed with each other, the axis lines of both screw members must match, but in FIG. 4, in order to match the axis lines, the center-to-center offset amount Δx and the tilt angle θ are set. It is necessary to automatically align the screws during screwing so that the value becomes zero. Here, the center-to-center offset amount Δx and the tilt angle θ are set too large, or the weight 2
If the weight of the weight 6 and the weight 29 is too large, the alignment becomes difficult because the load generated at the tip of the screw portion of the bolt 3 and the opening of the screw hole of the nut 2 at the time of alignment becomes difficult. Therefore, it is possible to measure the allowable range for the positions and loads of both screws. The strain gauge 18 attached to the shaft 19 is used for the evaluation of the meshing state,
By measuring the torque generated on the shaft 19 by the strain gauge 18, the torque fluctuation of the bolt 3 can be indirectly known.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the positional relationship between the screw members (bolts 3 and nuts 2) at the time of meshing. FIG. 6A shows an example in the case where the meshing is successfully completed, and FIGS. 6B and 6C show an example of an incomplete state. As described above, when the aligning action is caused by both screws and the axes eventually match, as shown in FIG. 6A, the screw portion of the bolt 3 is the screw hole 4 of the nut 2.
Will fit in the correct position. However,
Although the insertion of the screw has started, if the screw part of the bolt 3 does not fit into the correct position of the screw hole 4 of the nut 2, the axes of both screws do not match as shown in FIG. 6B. Biting occurs and the screw insertion stops halfway. Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, the meshing may not be started, and the threaded portion of the bolt 3 may not be inserted into the screw hole 4 of the nut 2 at all. This mainly occurs when the center-to-center offset amount Δx is large. As described above, the meshing state is mainly classified into the above-described three states. In the present invention, which state the meshing has reached is evaluated, and the evaluation method will be described in detail below.

The evaluation method in the present invention is, for example, to analyze the torque fluctuation occurring in both screw members (bolts 3 and nuts 2). As the torque measurement sensor, the shaft 19 fixed to the bolt fixing portion 6 is used as described above.
A strain gauge 18 as a torque detection sensor is attached to the strain gauge 18, and the torque applied to the shaft 19 is measured by the strain gauge 18. Then, the data obtained from the strain gauge 18 is converted into a torque value (or not converted) to be time-series data. The time-series data is generally shown in the graphs of FIGS. They are roughly classified into those with the characteristics shown. In these graphs, the horizontal axis represents elapsed time and the vertical axis represents torque value. Here, FIG. 8 (a) is a diagram when the meshing is performed in a good meshing state, and FIG. 8 (b) is a diagram when the screwing is started in the screw hole but the meshing is generated. FIG. 8C is a diagram when the nut does not rotate and the nut does not rotate.

The good meshing state as shown in the graph of FIG. 8 (a) means that, as shown in FIG. 6 (a),
Finally, the axis of the bolt coincides with the center of the screw hole of the nut,
Shown in a completely engaged state. Finally, in a combination that is meshed (screwed) in this way, generally the torque increases once at the beginning of screwing,
After that, the threading progresses with a low torque, and the screwing proceeds. It should be noted that FIG. 8A and the like do not show the completion of the fastening but data showing whether or not the proper screwing is started.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the state in which the meshing is started but the meshing is bad is as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), when the axis line is inclined and inserted, the screw thread is not properly fitted and biting occurs, and the torque increased in the initial stage of the inspection does not decrease so much and becomes a high load state.

Further, FIG. 8C shows the case where the meshing is not started and the meshing of the screw portions does not occur at all. In this case, there is no rising state of the torque seen at the initial stage of screwing, and the state of the torque is low due to idling.

The inspecting device 1 starts the engagement of the bolt 3 and the nut 2 which is the object to be inspected, and acquires the data of the torque generated in the bolt 3 at the time of engagement for a predetermined time at a predetermined time interval. It will be determined which of the characteristics is obtained. The following are examples of the determination method. For example, it is determined which of the patterns in FIG. 8 the torque pattern actually generated is most suitable. For example, if the torque sampling in the first stage of the elapsed time does not rise above a certain level, the pattern of FIG.
After the torque is temporarily increased in the first-stage torque sampling, the pattern in FIG. 8A is used in the low-torque state in the second-stage torque sampling, and the pattern in FIG. 8A is used in the high-torque state.
It can be determined as the pattern (b).

Next, an example of the system configuration of the present inspection apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. This system analyzes information from the inspection device by a computer, an input device, an output device, and the like. First, the information to be set in the computer 42 is input by the input device 42 before the inspection is started. The moving speed V of the stepping motor, the rotation speed N of the motor 10, the maximum torque Tm for stopping the actuator, the inspection time t, the sampling interval Δt, etc. are input and stored in the RAM 57. The movement speed of the stepping motor, the rotation speed of the motor, and the like can be set independently by those actuators.

When the inspection is started, the motor 1
In 0, the rotation starts at the set rotation speed n, the stepping motor moves at the set speed V, and the bolt 3 and the nut 2 (see FIG. 1, etc.) approach each other. Then, both screws set in the above-mentioned predetermined states Δx, θ, W, and M start meshing, and the strain gauge 18 provided on the shaft 19 inspects the torque fluctuation occurring during screwing.

The cord connected to the strain gauge 18 provided in the inspection apparatus 1 is connected to the amplifier 40. Then, the current value serving as the information signal from the strain gauge 18 is amplified by the amplifier 40, and the A / D converter 4
1 makes it a digital signal. And the CPU 45
In accordance with the data analysis program stored in the ROM 46, the digital signal is sequentially sampled at preset intervals, and the sampling data is stored in the RAM 57. Then, the torque value obtained by converting the acquired data is output to the output device. In this way, time series data of torque is obtained. It should be noted that the data analysis program may include a program for stopping an actuator such as a motor or a stepping motor. When the acquired torque value reaches a certain value or more, the stop program urgently sends a signal to stop the stepping motor, the motor 10, or both. By doing so, an excessive load is not applied to the bolts and nuts, the inspection device, and the like, and damage to the inspection device can be prevented.

The evaluation of the screwability of the bolt 3 as a male screw member and the nut 2 as a female screw member (FIG. 1 etc.) is made by the user in addition to the automatic evaluation means described above. For example, a manual means for bringing both screw members of the bolt 3 and the nut 2 closer to each other for screwing, for example, a linearly moving handle or a rotating handle is converted into an approaching motion by a rotation / linear motion converting mechanism such as a rack or a pinion. It is also possible to operate the handle device to determine whether the screwing is proceeding or not, by the user's eyes, ears, etc., based on the operating state.

Further, even in the case of automatically evaluating whether or not the screwing is possible, the distance and time for bringing both screw members to be screwed together such as bolts and nuts close to each other are used as parameters, instead of judging by the pattern of torque fluctuation. , Whether the moving distance in the approaching direction reaches a predetermined value within a predetermined time,
If it does not reach, it can be evaluated that screwing is impossible due to biting or the like. Alternatively, if the driving force in the direction in which the two screw members approach each other becomes equal to or more than a certain value, screwing may be defective,
For example, it is possible to determine whether the driving force (load) in the approach direction exceeds a predetermined value and determine that the screwing is defective. In this case, it is possible to combine the emergency stop function of the actuator such as the motor with the screwing failure determination. The screwing target (inspection target) is not limited to the bolt and the nut, but may be a member or a part having a female screw and a male screw.

It should be noted that, for example, a contact head portion of a micrometer is used as a stopper, and the head portion is taken in and out to a rotary operation portion of the micrometer, and the rotation support base 8 or the movable base 5 is brought into contact with the head portion. Then, for example, a micrometer can serve as both the stopper and the stopper position adjusting device.

Further, in the present embodiment, parameters before starting screwing of both screws or at the time of screwing are required to correct the center-to-center offset amount (center-to-center offset amount) Δx and the center-to-center offset amount Δx. The load W, the inclination angle θ (relative inclination angle) of the bolt axis 21 with respect to the nut axis 22, the moment M necessary for correcting the inclination angle θ, the rotation speed n of the nut or the bolt, etc. were used. Not all of them are indispensable requirements, and any one of them, or an arbitrary plurality of sets may be selected. For example, the tilt angle θ
It is also possible to use only (relative tilt angle) as a parameter (evaluation target). As an example of this, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, basically, it is assumed that the rotation support base 8 only gives one screw member (for example, the bolt 3) an inclination angle (the slide of the rotation support base 8 is The aforesaid inclination angle is given so that the centers of the screwing start side end portions of both screw members such as the bolt 3 and the nut 2 are aligned (not displaced). Note that a constant vertical load can be applied by the weight 29a for moving the two screw members (the bolt 3 and the nut 2) in the approaching direction (the same applies to FIG. 1). In addition, the weights 26 and 29 of FIG.
Then, the weight 26) or the like can be replaced with a spring member (for example, a tension spring) as an elastic member. In that case, if the spring constant is small, an almost constant load or an urging force close to it can be applied. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an inspection apparatus which is an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram in which the posture and the position of the inspection object are adjusted.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a main part of the inspection device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relationship when the test object is engaged.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a system configuration example of an inspection device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of time series data.

9 is a side view showing a modified example of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Inspection device 2 nuts (female screw member) 3 bolts (male screw member) 5 movable platform 8 Rotation support 10 Motor (rotating means) 18 Strain gauge (torque sensor) 19 axes 20 rotation axis 21 bolt axis 22 Nut axis 26 weight 29 weights 39 Slider 40 amp 41 A / D converter 42 Computer 43 Output device 44 input device

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23P 19/00-21/00 G01L 5/00 G01M 19/00

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. An inspection device for inspecting a meshing state of an object to be inspected, comprising a male screw member and a female screw member as an object to be inspected, and rotating means for rotating at least one of the male screw member or the female screw member, An approaching device that relatively approaches the male screw member and the female screw member; a positional relationship setting device that sets a relative positional relationship between the male screw member and the female screw member at the start of contact to a predetermined positional relationship; In a state in which at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member is rotated by the means, both screw members are approached by the approaching means, and screwing is performed in the predetermined positional relationship set by the positional relationship setting means. A device for inspecting engagement between a male screw member and a female screw member, which evaluates whether or not it is possible. 2. The male screw member and the female screw member according to claim 1, further comprising an evaluation unit that evaluates whether or not screwing is possible in the predetermined positional relationship set by the positional relationship setting unit. Inspecting device for meshing condition with. 3. The evaluation means includes a sensor that measures a physical influence that directly or indirectly occurs in at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member, and a determination means that determines information from the sensor. It has, The interlocking state inspection device of the external thread member and the internal thread member of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. 4. The torque sensor for measuring a torque fluctuation, which directly or indirectly occurs in at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member, and the time series of torque values obtained by the torque sensor. The interlocking state inspection device for an external thread member and an internal thread member according to claim 2, further comprising: a determination unit that determines an engagement state based on the data. 5. The male screw member according to claim 1, wherein the rotating means sets the number of revolutions of at least one of the male screw member and the female screw member to be adjustable. Device for inspecting meshing state of female screw member. 6. The axial direction of both screws, wherein the positional relationship setting means forms a predetermined stagger angle between the axial direction of the male screw member and the axial direction of the female screw member at the time of contact for starting screwing. 6. The meshing state inspection device for the male screw member and the female screw member according to claim 1, further comprising an axial line inclination setting means for variably setting a relative stagger angle. 7. The positional relationship setting means has a predetermined center of an opening portion on the screwing start side of the female screw member and a center of a tip portion of the male screw member on the screwing start side at the time of contact for screwing start. 7. The male screw according to claim 1, further comprising center-to-center offset amount setting means for setting the center-to-center offset amount of both screw members on the screwing start side so as to be offset at the distance of. A device for inspecting the engagement between a member and a female screw member. 8. The positional relationship setting means includes a rotation supporting portion that rotatably supports at least one of the female screw member and the male screw member so that its axis is inclined with respect to the axis of the counterpart screw member. Inclination angle adjusting means for adjusting the inclination angle of the screw member supported by the rotation support portion by changing the rotation angle of the rotation support portion; and the rotation support portion with the inclination angle adjusted, Consequently, the inclined state of the screw member is maintained at the inclination angle adjusted by the inclination angle adjusting means before screwing with the screw member of the other side,
When the screwing with the mating screw member is started, the rotation supporting portion is allowed to rotate in a direction in which the inclination between the axis line of the mating screw member and its own screw axis line is canceled. Supporting part holding means is included, The meshing state inspection device of the external thread member and the internal thread member in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. 9. The tilt angle adjusting means includes a stopper whose set position is movable in order to adjust and regulate a rotation limit of the rotation support part in a plurality of steps or in a stepless manner. The support portion holding means applies an urging force for urging the rotation support portion to be in contact with the stopper, and a screw between the screw member supported by the rotation support portion and the counterpart screw member. When the engagement is started, the rotation support portion includes an urging means that allows the rotation support portion to rotate in a direction in which the axes of the two screw members are opposed to each other against the urging force. Claim 8
The device for inspecting engagement between a male screw member and a female screw member according to 1. 10. The urging means is substantially fixed to the rotation support portion regardless of the contact state of the rotation support portion with the stopper and the difference in the angle of rotation away from the stopper. The meshing state inspection device for the male screw member and the female screw member according to claim 9, wherein a load is applied. 11. The rotating support portion is rotatably supported by a movable base, and the movable base can be in a state of being offset by a predetermined amount from a state in which the axes of the male screw member and the female screw member are substantially aligned with each other. And an offset amount adjusting means for regulating the offset position of the movable base in a plurality of steps or in a stepless manner, and the movable base is set to the offset position before being screwed with the counterpart screw member. The movable base is allowed to move in a direction to eliminate the offset of the axial line of both screw members when the screwing with the other screw member is started while maintaining the position adjusted by the amount adjusting means. 11. A device for inspecting engagement between a male screw member and a female screw member according to claim 8, further comprising a movable base holding means.