JP3410317B2 - Steam treatment device using a functional membrane that selectively transmits water vapor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention utilizes a selective water vapor permeable membrane capable of selectively passing water vapor in air to selectively recover water vapor from a mixed gas of air and water vapor. The present invention relates to a steam treatment device using a functional membrane that selectively permeates steam that can be used for generating usable steam or hot water for reuse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for maintaining the humidity in a space within a predetermined range by using a water vapor selective permeable membrane, for example, a thermostatic device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-24981 has been proposed. . FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional thermostatic device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-24981. In the figure, a thermostatic device 1 is composed of a box-shaped moisturizing chamber 2 and a small auxiliary chamber 3 attached to the moisturizing chamber 2. The moisturizing chamber 2 is provided with an openable / closable door 4, and the sub chamber 3 communicates with the moisturizing chamber 2 and the outside at two locations, respectively, at the top and bottom. The communication ports 5A, 5B between the moisturizing chamber 2 and the sub chamber 3 and the communication ports 6A, 6B between the outside and the sub chamber 3 are adjacent to each other, and the flow path switching doors 7A, 7B are rotatable. It is attached. That is, the flow path switching doors 7A and 7B open one of the communication ports 5A and 5B and the communication ports 6A and 6B, respectively, and close the other, so that opening and closing of both communication ports can be switched. It is like this.

The sub-chamber 3 accommodates a large number of hollow fiber-shaped water vapor permselective membranes 10 horizontally and at appropriate intervals from each other. The water vapor selective permeable membrane 10 uses an organic porous membrane having a large number of pores which are communicated in the thickness direction, that is, the radial direction of the hollow fiber, for example, a porous sodium borosilicate glass membrane. . Water vapor selective permeable membrane 10
Between both ends of the sub chamber 3 and the outer wall 8 of the sub chamber 3 are closed by plate-like sealing materials 12A and 12B, respectively.
4B are separated from each other, and the left space 14A and the right space 14B communicate with each other through the inside of the water vapor selective permeable membrane 10. The left space 14A is connected to the inside and outside of the moisturizing chamber 2 via a flow passage switching valve 16 (three-way valve) in the partition wall 9 by a connecting pipe 15, and further via flow rate adjusting valves 17A and 17B. On the other hand, the right space 1
4B is a diaphragm type vacuum pump 18 which is a pressure reducing mechanism.
And the exhaust port of the pump 18 is connected to the connecting pipe 19
Is connected to the inside and the outside of the moisturizing chamber 2 via the flow path switching valve 20 (three-way valve).

Therefore, by the operation of the vacuum pump 18,
The inside of the permeable membrane 10 and the left and right spaces 14A and 14B are decompressed, and the gas thus decompressed flows out to the inside or the outside of the moisturizing chamber 2 through the switching valve 20, and if necessary, the moisturizing chamber The gas inside 2 or the outside air can be introduced into the inside of the permeable membrane 10 through the switching valve 16. A blower fan 21 is attached to the upper space 13A of the sub-chamber 3, and the gas in the moisturizing chamber 2 or the outside air is supplied from the communication port 5A or 6A to the permeable membrane 10 by the operation of the fan 21, and then the communication port 5b or 6b is made to flow out into the moisturizing chamber 2 or the outside. A humidity sensor 22 and a circulation fan 23 are provided inside the moisturizing chamber 2. This humidity sensor 2
2 is a flow path switching door 7A, 7B and a flow path switching valve 16, 2
0 open / close switching, operation of vacuum pump 18, flow path adjusting valve 17
Control system 24 for controlling the opening adjustments of A and 17B as described above
Connected with.

Next, the operation of the conventional thermostat 1 will be described. When the humidity in the moisturizing chamber 2 measured by the humidity sensor 22 is higher than the target relative humidity, the flow passage switching doors 7A, 7B close the communication ports 6A, 6B by the action of the control system 24. 2 and the sub-chamber 3 are communicated with each other, and the flow passage switching valves 16 and 20 switch the flow passages to connect the inside of the permeable membrane 10 to the outside. Then, by the operation of the blower fan 21, the gas in the moisturizing chamber 2 becomes the communication port 5A.
It is supplied to the permeable membrane 10 and contacts the outer surface of the permeable membrane 10. On the other hand, by operating the vacuum pump 18, the inside of the permeable membrane 10 is depressurized, and the depressurized gas whose pressure is lower than that of the gas in the moisturizing chamber 2 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the permeable membrane 10. Then, the permeable membrane 1
A water vapor partial pressure difference is formed on both inner and outer surfaces of 0, and water vapor in the gas permeates from the outer surface to the inner surface of the permeable membrane 10. As a result, moisture is removed from the gas outside the permeable membrane 10, and this dehumidifying body is then passed through the communication port 5B to the moisturizing chamber 2.
Flows in again. Therefore, the inside of the moisturizing chamber 2 is dehumidified. The gas inside the permeable membrane 10 with condensed water is discharged to the outside through the switching valve 20 by the action of the vacuum pump 18. The flow rate of the outside air for dilution introduced into the permeable membrane 10 is adjusted by the adjusting valve 17B.

On the other hand, when the humidity inside the moisturizing chamber 2 measured by the humidity sensor 22 is lower than the target relative humidity, the flow passage switching doors 7A and 7B are operated by the control system 24 so that the flow passage switching doors 7A and 7B can communicate with each other. 5B is closed and the outside and the sub-chamber 3 are communicated with each other, and the passage switching valves 16 and 20 are switched between the passages so that the inside of the permeable membrane 10 is connected to the inside of the moisturizing chamber 2. Then, by the operation of the blower fan 21, the outside air is supplied to the permeable membrane 10 through the communication port 6A. On the other hand, the operation of the vacuum pump 18 reduces the pressure inside the permeable membrane 10. Then, a water vapor partial pressure difference is formed on both inner and outer surfaces of the permeable membrane 10, and water vapor in the gas permeates from the outer surface to the inner surface of the permeable membrane 10. As a result, the gas inside the permeable membrane 10 becomes a condensed water content, and then the humidifying body is vacuum pump 18
By the operation of, the gas flows into the moisturizing chamber 2 through the switching valve 20.
Therefore, the inside of the moisturizing chamber 2 is humidified. Also,
The flow rate of the gas introduced from the moisturizing chamber 2 into the permeable membrane 10 is adjusted by the adjusting valve 17A. The gas outside the permeable membrane 10 from which the water has been removed flows out again through the communication port 6B.

Thus, the steam is dehumidified or humidified,
When the humidity in the moisturizing chamber 2 reaches the target relative humidity, the operation of the vacuum pump 18 and the like is stopped and the operation of the thermostatic device 1 is stopped. When the humidity changes with time, the humidity in the humidity chamber 2 is kept constant in accordance with the humidity control method described above.

[0008]

As described above, the conventional thermostatic device selectively sucks out the water vapor in the air in the moisturizing chamber 2 through the water vapor selective permeable membrane 10 and discharges it to the outside air so that the moisture in the moisturizing chamber 2 is released. To control the humidity of one closed space (moisture retaining chamber 2) by dehumidifying the inside of the chamber or humidifying the moisture retaining chamber 2 by selectively taking in the water vapor in the outside air through the moisture vapor permeable membrane 10. I have to. Therefore, the conventional thermostat is an effective method for the purpose of keeping the humidity of the space at a constant value, but the dry air obtained by controlling the humidity is used for another purpose or selectively. It was not intended to collect and effectively utilize the sucked water vapor. Further, as an industrial application in which air having low humidity is used for work, there is hot air drying, for example. This is to supply heat from the outside to generate hot air and to bring the hot air into contact with the material to be dried to forcibly evaporate the water contained in the material to be dried and to release the air having absorbed the water to the outside of the system. By doing so, the drying operation is performed. However, even in this method, since there is no technology that can separate and collect water vapor in the air and reuse it, the water vapor evaporated by the thermal energy input for drying is not collected and reused, and all is released to the outside of the system. It had been done.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it separates and recovers the water vapor contained in the air, and changes the form of the waste steam that could not be used in the past into steam that can be effectively used. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a steam treatment apparatus using a functional film that selectively permeates steam that can recover and effectively utilize heat energy.

[0010]

A steam treatment apparatus using a functional film that selectively permeates steam according to the present invention,
The casing includes a casing and a functional film that selectively transmits water vapor in a gas within a predetermined pressure difference range.
And a selective water vapor permeation module arranged so as to define a second closed space, a gas-liquid contactor for directly contacting gas and water, and a gas in the first closed space for the gas-liquid. In the second closed space, a forced gas circulation means for supplying the contactor to directly contact the gas with water to humidify the gas, and then returning the humidified gas to the first closed space. Of the gas to maintain the pressure difference between the first and second closed spaces within a predetermined range, and selectively select the water vapor in the gas in the first closed space by the selective water vapor permeation module. It is transmitted between the second closed space through the air in between the second closed space by suction compress a compressor to produce a high-temperature high-pressure steam of a single component, the heating element of water of the gas-liquid contactor In thermal contact with
After absorbing the heat of the heating element, the forced gas circulation means described above is used.
Directly contacting the gas supplied in the gas-liquid contactor
It is designed to humidify gas .

A condenser is arranged on the discharge side of the compressor.
The heat of the high temperature high pressure steam discharged from the compressor.
Dissipate heat to the outside of the system to condense and liquefy water vapor.
And connecting the condenser and the gas-liquid contactor with a return pipe,
The condensed water condensed in the condenser is returned to the gas-liquid contactor .

Further, within the range of a predetermined pressure difference from the housing.
Is composed of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the gas.
The inside of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
A selective water vapor permeation module arranged as
A gas-liquid contactor for making direct contact with water, and the first closed space
The gas inside is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor, and the gas and water are directly
After contacting and humidifying the gas, the humidified gas is
Forced gas circulation means for returning to the closed space of No. 1, and the above-mentioned second
Between the first and second closed spaces by sucking gas in the closed space of
Maintain the pressure difference of within the specified range, and within the first closed space
The vapor in the gas of
Through the second closed space to the second closed space
Generates single-component high-temperature high-pressure steam by suction-compressing the air inside
Equipped with a compressor for
The gas supplied to the gas-liquid contactor and the gas generated by the compressor
Heat exchange with high temperature high pressure steam to heat the gas
It is designed to be supplied to a liquid contactor .

Further, within the range of a predetermined pressure difference from the casing.
Is composed of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the gas.
The inside of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
A selective water vapor permeation module arranged as
A gas-liquid contactor for making direct contact with water, and the first closed space
The gas inside is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor, and the gas and water are directly
After contacting and humidifying the gas, the humidified gas is
Forced gas circulation means for returning to the closed space of No. 1, and the above-mentioned second
Between the first and second closed spaces by sucking gas in the closed space of
Maintain the pressure difference of within the specified range, and within the first closed space
The vapor in the gas of
Through the second closed space to the second closed space
Generates single-component high-temperature high-pressure steam by suction-compressing the air inside
And a compressor that allows the intake side of the compressor to
Suction gas from the closed space of No. 2 and discharge gas from the compressor
A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the
Is heated and sucked into the compressor .

Further, it is composed of a casing and a functional film which selectively permeates water vapor in the gas within a range of a predetermined pressure difference, and defines the inside of the casing into first and second closed spaces. And the gas introduction means for introducing the humidifying body outside the system into the first closed space, and the gas in the second closed space is sucked into the first and the second closed spaces. The pressure difference between the two closed spaces is maintained within a predetermined range, and the water vapor in the gas in the first closed space is selectively permeated to the second closed space through the selective water vapor permeation module. ,
A compressor for sucking and compressing the air in the second closed space to generate high-temperature high-pressure vapor of a single component, and the intake air of the compressor.
To the side from the suction gas from the second closed space and the compressor
A heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the discharged gas of
So that the sucked gas is heated and sucked into the compressor.
It is the one.

Further, a condenser is provided on the discharge side of the compressor, and the heat of the high temperature and high pressure steam discharged from the compressor is radiated to the outside of the system to condense the water vapor. .

[0016]

The selective water vapor permeation module is constructed in a laminated structure in which a plurality of functional films selectively permeating water vapor in a gas within a predetermined pressure difference range are stacked. Is.

In the selective water vapor transmission module, a plurality of functional membranes that selectively permeate water vapor in a gas within a predetermined pressure difference range and a porous ventilation member that allows the gas to flow freely are alternately provided. It has a laminated structure formed by stacking the layers one by one.

Further, in the selective water vapor permeation module, the laminated body is formed into a corrugated shape.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1. 1 is a block diagram showing a cooling system in which a water vapor processing apparatus using a water vapor selective permeable membrane according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied to a water evaporation type cooling apparatus, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the configuration of a selective water vapor transmission module. In FIG. 1, the water vapor separator 50 is composed of a housing 51 and a selective water vapor permeation module 52 housed in the housing 51. The selective water vapor permeation module 52 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing 51 with an airtight structure, and the inside of the housing 51 has first and second closed spaces 51a, 51.
It is divided into b. In addition, in the housing 51, the first space 5
An inflow port 51c and an outflow port 51d are provided facing the 1a, and an outflow port 51e is provided facing the second space 51b. The gas-liquid contactor 53 is configured such that the filling layer 59 is attached to the inside of the closed container 53a and the water sprinkling pipe 60 is attached to the top. The bottom of the closed container 53a and the sprinkler pipe 60 are connected by a pipe 30, and a heating element 62 and a circulation pump 61 are arranged in the path of the pipe 30. Therefore, the water 31 stored in the bottom is
The heating element 6 is pumped up by the action of the circulation pump 61.
After the water is passed through 2, the water is sprinkled from the water sprinkling pipe 60 to the top of the packed bed 59, and then drops through the packed bed 59 to the bottom. Further, the closed container 53a is provided with an inflow port 53b and an outflow port 53c with the packed bed 59 interposed therebetween. The filling layer 59 is configured by filling a filling material represented by Raschig rings into the closed container 53a so as to divide the inside of the closed container 53a into upper and lower parts. Condenser 57
The heat radiation fins 57b are formed on the outer wall surface of the closed container 57a.

Here, the inlet 51c of the casing 51 is connected to the pipe 3
2 is connected to the outlet 53c of the closed container 53a, the outlet 51d of the housing 51 is connected to the intake side of the blower 54 by the pipe 33a, and the exhaust side of the blower 54 is connected to the inlet 53b of the closed container 53a by the pipe 33b. Has been done.
Therefore, due to the action of the blower 54 as the forced gas circulation means, the air in the first closed space 51a is transferred to the pipes 33a, 3
It is sent to the bottom side of the gas-liquid contactor 53 through 3b, sent to the top side in the packed bed 59, and flows from the outlet 53c to the pipe 3
It is forcedly circulated so as to pass through 2 and flow into the first space 51a from the inflow port 51c. The outlet 51e of the casing 51 is connected to the intake side of the compressor 56 by the pipe 34a, and the discharge side of the compressor 56 is connected by the pipe 34b to the condenser 57.
Are linked to. A heat exchanger 55 is arranged in the path of the pipe 34a, and the pipe 34b penetrates through the heat exchanger 55. Furthermore, the bottom of the gas-liquid contactor 53 and the bottom of the condenser 57 are connected by a return pipe 58, and the condenser 57
The water 31 condensed in step 1 is automatically returned to the bottom of the gas-liquid contactor 53.

The selective water vapor transmission module 52 is shown in FIG.
, The selective water vapor permeable membrane 63 as a functional membrane.
And a plurality of porous ventilation members 64 are alternately laminated, and the periphery of the laminated body is molded by a seal member 65, water vapor permeates in the laminating direction of the laminated body, and the periphery is configured to have an airtight structure. As the selective water vapor permeable membrane 63, for example, a film of tetrafluorotetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having a large number of fine pores formed therein is used. Also,
The porous ventilation member 64 may be a sheet, a net body, a cloth body, or the like that allows gas to pass therethrough, and maintains flatness in applications where one surface of the mold 52 is depressurized and used. For this reason, materials with high mechanical rigidity such as wire mesh and perforated plates are selected as necessary.

4 and 5 show the results of testing the selective water vapor permeability of the selective water vapor permeation module 52 using the test apparatus shown in FIG. This selective water vapor permeation module 52 is a closed box 66.
Is fixed in an airtight state to the first and second closed spaces 66.
a and 66b are formed. A humidity sensor 69 and a fan 70 are arranged inside the first closed space 66a. A ventilation pipe 68a is connected to the second closed space 66b so that dry air can be ventilated. further,
A vent pipe 68b is connected to the second closed space 66b so that the vacuum pump 71 can reduce the pressure. And the pressure gauge 72 for measuring the pressure in the second closed space 66b.
Is provided, and a flow meter 73 for measuring the flow rate of air exhausted by the vacuum pump 71 is provided. The water vapor permeable surface of this selective water vapor permeable module 52 is 70 m.
The internal volume of the first closed space 66a is 20 L.

First, FIG. 4 shows the result of measuring the change in humidity in the first closed space 66a with the humidity sensor 69 by letting dry air through the ventilation pipe 68a into the second closed space 66b.
At this time, the fan 70 is operated to agitate the air in the first closed space 66a so that the humidity becomes uniform. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the humidity in the first closed space 66a decreases with time. That is, the water vapor in the air in the first closed space 66a has passed through the selective water vapor transmission module 52 and moved to the second closed space 66b. This indicates that if there is a humidity difference or a water vapor partial pressure difference between the surfaces of the selective water vapor permeable membrane 63, the water vapor permeates and moves.

Then, the valve of the ventilation pipe 68a is closed, the vacuum pump 71 is operated, and the pressure inside the second closed space 66b is reduced via the ventilation pipe 68b, while the second closed space 66b is closed.
FIG. 5 shows the result of measuring the change in pressure inside with the pressure gauge 72 and measuring the flow rate of air exhausted by the vacuum pump 71 with the flow meter 73. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that when the pressure in the second closed space 66b becomes lower than −30 cm · Hg, the flow rate of the air exhausted by the vacuum pump 71 rapidly increases. This means that if the pressure difference between the surfaces of the selective water vapor permeable membrane 63 is within a certain pressure difference, the air is selectively water vapor permeable membrane 6
It shows that it does not flow through 3 and flow.

From the results shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of the selective water vapor permeable membranes 63 are superposed on each other so that the pressure difference generated between the membranes is maintained within the specified pressure difference. By reducing the pressure on the side, it can be seen that even if the degree of vacuum is increased, the air component contained in the air does not pass through the laminated body, and the selective water vapor permeation module 52 that selectively permeates only water vapor can be obtained. . Therefore, by extracting only water vapor from the air using this selective water vapor permeation module 52, it is possible to obtain dehumidified dry air together with the single-component water vapor.

Generally, when the dry air and the water come into direct contact, the temperature of the water drops to the wet-bulb temperature of the dry air. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the relative humidity of air and the wet bulb temperature. For example, when the ambient temperature is 30 ° C. and the relative humidity of air is 20%, the water temperature is cooled to 17 ° C. indicated by the point Q. By utilizing this principle, temperatures below the ambient temperature can be realized. Here, the cooling system shown in FIG. 1 uses this principle to generate cold water, and tries to cool the heating element with the cold water.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. During operation of this cooling system, the blower 54,
The compressor 56 and the circulation pump 61 are operated. By the operation of the compressor 56, the air in the second closed space 51b is sucked from the outlet 51e through the pipe 34a, compressed by the compressor 56 into high temperature and high pressure, and passes through the pipe 34b to the condenser 57. Sent in. Due to the operation of the compressor 56, the pressure inside the second closed space 51b is reduced, and a pressure difference is generated between the first and second closed spaces 51a and 51b. In addition, as described above, the second pressure is adjusted by the compressor 56 so that the pressure difference generated between the selective water vapor permeable membranes 63 constituting the selective water vapor transmission module 52 is maintained within the specified pressure difference.
The closed space 51b is decompressed. Therefore, only the water vapor contained in the air in the first closed space 51a permeates the selective water vapor transmission module 52 and moves to the second closed space 51b. That is, the air in the first closed space 51a is dehumidified and becomes dry air. The air flowing through the pipe 34a is
The heat exchanger 55 exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure air flowing through the pipe 34b and is heated, so that dew condensation of water vapor contained in the air during the compression process is prevented. And the condenser 57
The heat of the gas sent to is radiated to the outside through the radiation fins 57b, and the water vapor contained therein is condensed and liquefied.
The condensed water is returned from the bottom of the condenser 57 to the bottom of the gas-liquid contactor 53 via the return pipe 58.

By the operation of the blower 54, the first closed space 5
The dry air in 1a is sent from the inflow port 53b to the bottom side of the gas-liquid contactor 53 through the pipes 33a and 33b, is sent to the top side through the packed bed 59, and is passed from the outflow port 53c to the pipe 32. As described above, forced circulation is performed so as to flow into the first space 51a from the inflow port 51c. On the other hand, by the operation of the circulation pump 61, the water 31 stored in the bottom portion of the closed container 53a is pumped up, passed through the heating element 62, and then sprayed from the sprinkling pipe 60 to the top of the packed bed 59. It is circulated through the packed bed 59 so as to drip to the bottom.
Therefore, in the packed bed 59, the water sprinkled from the sprinkler pipe 60 comes into direct contact with the dry air sent from the inflow port 53b, and the temperature drops to the wet-bulb temperature of the dry air. At the same time, the dry air sent from the inflow port 53b comes into direct contact with the water sprinkled from the sprinkling pipe 60 and is humidified. Then, the water whose temperature has dropped is absorbed by the heat of the heating element 62 when the water is pumped up from the bottom and passes through the heating element 62, and the temperature rises and is sprayed from the water spray pipe 60. Further, the humidified air is sent into the first closed space 51a through the pipe 32, and only water vapor is closed in the second closed space 51a due to the pressure difference between the first closed space 51a and the second closed space 51b. It is extracted into the space 51b, becomes dry air, and is used for cooling the water sprayed from the water spray pipe 60.

As described above, according to the first embodiment,
Utilizing the characteristics of the selective water vapor permeable membrane 63, a predetermined pressure difference is generated between the films of the selective water vapor permeable membrane 63 to separate an air component and a water vapor component from high-humidity air. By suction-compressing, it is possible to obtain a steam treatment apparatus that can generate dry air and high-temperature high-pressure steam that can be effectively used from high-humidity air.

Further, since the high temperature and high pressure steam generated in the compressor 56 is condensed and liquefied in the condenser 57, the heat energy contained in the steam can be taken out as the condensation heat and can be effectively utilized. In addition, the water 3 in the gas-liquid contactor 53
1 is brought into contact with the heating element 62 to absorb the heat of the heating element 62, and then returned to the gas-liquid contactor 53 to return to the first closed space 51a.
Since the temperature is lowered by bringing the dry air sent from the gas into contact with the dry air, a cooling system of CFC-less using water 31 as a refrigerant can be obtained. At this time, the condensed water condensed by the condenser 57 is automatically returned through the return pipe 58 to the gas-liquid contactor 53, so that a closed cooling system can be obtained.

Further, since a large number of selective water vapor permeable membranes 63 are laminated to form a laminated body structure, the first and second closed spaces 51 that allow only water vapor to permeate through the laminated body.
Since the pressure difference between a and 51b is large, the first closed space 51
It is possible to efficiently obtain low-humidity air from the high-humidity air introduced into a. In addition, since a large number of the selective water vapor permeable membranes 63 and the porous ventilation members are alternately laminated to form a laminated body structure, the pressure resistance of the laminated body increases, and
The pressure difference between the second closed spaces 51a and 51b can be increased. Further, the heat exchanger 55 is arranged on the intake side of the compressor 56, and the suction air from the second closed space 51b and the compressor 56 are disposed.
Since the heat is exchanged with the discharge air of the second closed space 51b, the suction air from the second closed space 51b is heated to improve the dryness of water vapor, and then sucked by the compressor 56 to be compressed in the compressor 56. The condensation of water vapor in the process is prevented.

Embodiment 2. In the above-described first embodiment, the selective water vapor permeable module 52 in which a laminated body in which a plurality of the selective water vapor permeable membranes 63 and the porous ventilation members 64 are alternately stacked is formed into a flat plate shape is used. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a selective water vapor permeation module in which a laminated body in which a plurality of selective water vapor permeation membranes 63 and porous ventilation members 64 are alternately stacked is formed into a corrugated shape. 52A is used. In this case, since the membrane surface of the selective water vapor permeation module 52A is formed three-dimensionally, the water vapor separation function is improved, and the water vapor separator is downsized.

Embodiment 3. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a system when a steam treatment apparatus using a steam selective permeable membrane according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is applied to a drying apparatus. In FIG. 8, the inlet 51c of the housing 51 is the pipe 32.
Is connected to the exhaust side of the dryer main body 74, the outlet 51d of the housing 51 is connected to the intake side of the blower 54 by the pipe 33a, and the exhaust side of the blower 54 is connected to the intake side of the dryer main body 74 by the pipe 33b. Has been done. Therefore,
By the action of the blower 54, the air in the first closed space 51a is blown into the dryer main body 74 through the pipes 33a and 33b and comes into contact with the moisture of the material to be dried 76 stored in the dryer main body 74. After that, it is forcedly circulated so as to pass through the pipe 32 and flow into the first space 51a from the inflow port 51c. Further, a heat exchanger 75 is arranged on the exhaust side of the blower 54, and heat exchange is performed between the gas flowing in the pipe 33b and the high temperature and high pressure steam discharged from the compressor 56. Here, the dryer main body 74 functions as a gas-liquid contactor because it makes gas-liquid contact with the water contained in the material to be dried 76 and the air sent from the first closed space 51a. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Next, the operation according to the third embodiment will be described. By the operation of the blower 54, the outlet 51d
From the first through the pipe 33a to the pipe 33b
The dry air in the closed space 51a is heated in the heat exchanger 75 by exchanging heat with the high-temperature high-pressure steam discharged from the compressor 56, and becomes hot air and is sent to the dryer main body 74. The hot air sent to the dryer main body 74 comes into contact with the object to be dried 76, evaporates the water contained in the object to be dried 76, and becomes high-humidity air, which flows into the first closed space 51a. First
Since a predetermined pressure difference is formed between the second closed spaces 51a and 51b, only the water vapor of the high humidity air flowing into the first closed space 51a permeates the selective water vapor permeation module 52. Then, it moves to the second closed space 51b, becomes dry air, and is used for drying the object to be dried 76. On the other hand, the air in the second closed space 51b is
It is humidified by the steam from a, heated by the heat exchanger 55, and then sucked by the compressor 56. And the compressor 56
Is compressed into high temperature high pressure steam.

As described above, according to the third embodiment,
Since the high temperature and high pressure steam generated by the compression of the compressor 56 is used as a heat source to heat the dry air sent from the first closed space 51a, and the hot air thus obtained is used to dry the object to be dried 76, The heat required to evaporate the water contained in the material to be dried 76 is separated from the mixed gas containing the water evaporated from the material to be dried 76 and generated into high-temperature high-pressure steam, and the material to be dried 76 The heat energy necessary for evaporating the water contained in can be recovered and reused, and an efficient hot air drying system can be obtained.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a system in the case where a steam treatment device using a steam selective permeable membrane according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is applied to a heat energy recovery device for recovering heat energy from a high temperature and high humidity body. In FIG. 9, the inflow port 51c of the housing 51 is connected to the exhaust side of the blower 54 via the pipe 40a, and the outflow port 51d is connected to the pipe 41. A pipe 40b for supplying a mixed gas of air and water vapor generated in another system, that is, air of high temperature and high humidity is connected to the intake side of the blower 54. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Next, the operation according to the fourth embodiment will be described. By the operation of the blower 54 as the gas introduction means, the high temperature and high humidity air generated in the other system is sent into the first closed space 51a. Since a predetermined pressure difference is formed between the first and second closed spaces 51a and 51b, the high-temperature and high-humidity air that has flowed into the first closed space 51a has only selective steam. After passing through the permeation module 52, it moves to the second closed space 51b, becomes dry air, and is discharged from the pipe 41. On the other hand, the air in the second closed space 51b is humidified by the steam from the first closed space 51a, heated by the heat exchanger 55, and then sucked into the compressor 56. Then, it is compressed by the compressor 56 and becomes high-temperature high-pressure steam.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment,
Since only the water vapor component can be separated and recovered from the high temperature and high humidity gas generated in another system to generate usable high temperature and high pressure steam, it is possible to recover and reuse the exhaust heat energy.

[0040]

Since the present invention is constituted as described above, it has the following effects.

According to the present invention, the casing and the functional film which selectively permeates the water vapor in the gas within the range of the predetermined pressure difference are provided, and the first and second closed spaces are formed in the casing. A selective water vapor permeation module disposed so as to define a gas-liquid contactor for directly contacting gas and water; and supplying gas in the first closed space to the gas-liquid contactor, After the gas and water are brought into direct contact with each other to humidify the gas, a forced gas circulation means for returning the humidified gas to the first closed space, and sucking the gas in the second closed space. The pressure difference between the first and second closed spaces is maintained within a predetermined range, and water vapor in the gas in the first closed space is selectively closed through the selective water vapor permeation module to the second closed space. Permeate into space,
A compressor for sucking and compressing the air in the second closed space to generate high-temperature high-pressure vapor of a single component .
Water is brought into thermal contact with the heating element to absorb the heat of the heating element
After that, it is supplied into the gas-liquid contactor by the forced gas circulation means.
To contact the supplied gas directly to humidify the gas
As a result, the heat energy of water vapor can be recovered in a form that can be used to enable effective use of the heat energy .
It is possible to obtain a steam treatment device using a functional membrane that selectively allows water vapor to pass through, which can realize a CFC-less, pollution-free cooling system .

A condenser is provided on the discharge side of the compressor.
The heat of the high temperature high pressure steam discharged from the compressor.
Dissipate heat to the outside of the system to condense and liquefy water vapor.
And connecting the condenser and the gas-liquid contactor with a return pipe,
Since the condensed water condensed in the condenser is returned to the gas-liquid contactor , a closed cooling system can be obtained.

Further, within the range of a predetermined pressure difference from the casing.
Is composed of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the gas.
The inside of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
A selective water vapor permeation module arranged as
A gas-liquid contactor for making direct contact with water, and the first closed space
The gas inside is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor, and the gas and water are directly
After contacting and humidifying the gas, the humidified gas is
Forced gas circulation means for returning to the closed space of No. 1, and the above-mentioned second
Between the first and second closed spaces by sucking gas in the closed space of
Maintain the pressure difference of within the specified range, and within the first closed space
The vapor in the gas of
Through the second closed space to the second closed space
Generates single-component high-temperature high-pressure steam by suction-compressing the air inside
Equipped with a compressor for
The gas supplied to the gas-liquid contactor and the gas generated by the compressor
Heat exchange with high temperature high pressure steam to heat the gas
Since it is designed to be supplied to the liquid contactor, the heat
Recover energy in a form that can be used, and make effective use of heat energy.
And the vaporization of the gas in the first closed space.
Gas-liquid contactor for high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by separating only gas
Can be reused as a heat source for the gas supplied to
Selective permeation of water vapor that can realize a wind drying system
A steam treatment apparatus using a functional film can be obtained.

Further, within the range of the pressure difference defined between the housing and the housing.
Is composed of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the gas.
The inside of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
A selective water vapor permeation module arranged as
A gas-liquid contactor for making direct contact with water, and the first closed space
The gas inside is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor, and the gas and water are directly
After contacting and humidifying the gas, the humidified gas is
Forced gas circulation means for returning to the closed space of No. 1, and the above-mentioned second
Between the first and second closed spaces by sucking gas in the closed space of
Maintain the pressure difference of within the specified range, and within the first closed space
The vapor in the gas of
Through the second closed space to the second closed space
Generates single-component high-temperature high-pressure steam by suction-compressing the air inside
And a compressor that allows the intake side of the compressor to
Suction gas from the closed space of No. 2 and discharge gas from the compressor
A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the
There is heated since to be sucked into the compressor, water
Recover the heat energy of steam in a form that can be used to generate heat energy.
Enables effective use of energy and compresses the compressor
Selective permeation of water vapor that prevents condensation of water vapor in the process
A steam treatment apparatus using a functional film to be passed is obtained.

Also, within the range of the pressure difference that is defined between the housing and
Is composed of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the gas.
The inside of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
Selective Water Vapor Permeation Module Arranged As
A gas introducing means for introducing a body into the first closed space;
The gas in the second closed space is sucked into the first and second closed spaces.
Keeps the pressure difference between the
Selective permeation of water vapor in the gas in the space
Permeate the second closed space through the module and
The air in the space is suction-compressed to generate single-component high-temperature high-pressure steam.
Equipped with a compressor to generate, On the intake side of the compressor, above
Suction gas from the second closed space and discharge gas from the compressor
A heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the body is installed and the suction
So that the gas is heated and drawn into the compressorTano
This makes it possible to recover and reuse exhaust heat energy.Of the compressor
Selective steam that prevents condensation of steam during compression
To obtain a steam treatment device using a functional membrane that allows water to pass through
It

Further, a condenser is arranged on the discharge side of the compressor, and the heat of the high-temperature high-pressure steam discharged from the compressor is radiated to the outside of the system so that the steam is condensed and liquefied. The heat energy contained in can be taken out as condensation heat and can be effectively utilized.

[0047]

Further, since the above-mentioned selective water vapor permeation module has a laminated structure in which a plurality of functional membranes selectively permeating the water vapor in the gas within a predetermined pressure difference range are laminated. The second closed space can be decompressed to a high degree of vacuum, and air with low humidity can be obtained.

In the selective water vapor transmission module, a plurality of functional membranes for selectively permeating the water vapor in the gas within a predetermined pressure difference range and a plurality of porous ventilation members capable of freely venting the gas are alternately provided. Since the laminated body structure is formed by stacking the layers one by one, the withstand pressure of the laminated body structure is increased, the second closed space can be decompressed to a high degree of vacuum, and air with low humidity can be obtained.

In the selective water vapor permeation module, the laminated body is formed into a corrugated shape,
A large water vapor permeable surface can be formed in a small space, and the device can be downsized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a cooling system in a case where a water vapor treatment apparatus using a water vapor selective permeable membrane according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied to a water evaporation type cooling apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a structural cross-sectional view showing a selective water vapor permeation module applied to the water vapor treatment apparatus using the water vapor selective permeation membrane according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a characteristic test device for a water vapor selective permeable membrane according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of a water vapor permeation test of a water vapor selective permeable membrane according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of a water vapor permeation test of a water vapor selective permeable membrane according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the principle of a water evaporation type cooling method according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a structural cross-sectional view showing a selective water vapor permeation module applied to a water vapor treatment apparatus using a water vapor selective permeation membrane according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a system in which a steam treatment apparatus using a steam selective permeable membrane according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is applied to a drying apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a system when a steam treatment device using a steam selective permeable membrane according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a heat energy recovery device for recovering heat energy from a high temperature and high humidity body. .

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional thermostatic device.

[Explanation of symbols]

31 water, 51 housing, 51a first closed space, 51b
Second closed space, 52, 52A selective water vapor permeation module, 53 gas-liquid contactor, 54 blower (forced gas circulation means, gas introduction means), 55, 75 heat exchanger, 56
Compressor, 57 condenser, 58 water return pipe, 62 heating element,
63 selective water vapor permeable membrane (functional membrane), 64 porous ventilation member, 74 dryer body (gas liquid contactor).

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01D 53/26 F24F 3/14

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casing and a functional film that selectively permeates water vapor in a gas within a predetermined pressure difference range, and defines the inside of the casing into first and second closed spaces. And a gas-liquid contactor for directly contacting gas and water, and the gas in the first closed space is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor to supply gas and water. To bring the humidified gas back into the first closed space, and to suck the gas in the second closed space to suck the gas in the first and the second closed spaces. The pressure difference between the two closed spaces is maintained within a predetermined range, and the water vapor in the gas in the first closed space is selectively permeated to the second closed space through the selective water vapor permeation module. , A compressor for suction-compressing the air in the second closed space to generate high-temperature high-pressure vapor of a single component , and The water in the gas-liquid contactor is thermally transferred to the heating element.
After bringing them into contact with each other to absorb the heat of the heating element, the forced gas
Directly with the gas supplied into the gas-liquid contactor by circulation means
A steam treatment apparatus using a functional film that selectively permeates steam, wherein the steam is humidified by contacting the gas . 2. A condenser is disposed on the discharge side of the compressor,
The heat of the high-temperature high-pressure steam discharged from the compressor is radiated to the outside of the system to condense the water vapor, and
2. The steam according to claim 1 , wherein the condenser and the gas-liquid contactor are connected by a return pipe so that the condensed water condensed by the condenser is returned to the gas-liquid contactor. Steam treatment device that uses a functional membrane that selectively permeates water. 3. A housing and an air pressure within a predetermined pressure difference range.
It consists of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the body.
The interior of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
Installed selective water vapor transmission module and gas and water
A gas-liquid contactor for direct contact with the gas in the first closed space.
The body is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor, and the gas and water are brought into direct contact.
To humidify the gas, and then to close the humidified gas to the first
Forced gas circulation means for returning to the space, and the second closed air
The pressure between the first and second closed spaces by sucking the gas in the space
Maintaining the difference within a defined range, gas in the first closed space
Selective water vapor in the module
Through the second closed space through the
Suction and compression of air to produce single component high temperature high pressure steam
And a compressor, and a high-temperature high-pressure steam generated in the gas and the compressor to be supplied to the gas-liquid contactor is heat exchanged by the forced gas circulation means, gas-liquid contactor by heating the said gas the steamer using a functional film which selectively transmits water vapor you characterized in that so as to supply the. 4. An air pressure within a range of a predetermined pressure difference between the housing and the housing.
It consists of a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor in the body.
The interior of the housing is divided into first and second closed spaces.
Installed selective water vapor transmission module and gas and water
A gas-liquid contactor for direct contact with the gas in the first closed space.
The body is supplied to the gas-liquid contactor, and the gas and water are brought into direct contact.
To humidify the gas, and then to close the humidified gas to the first
Forced gas circulation means for returning to the space, and the second closed air
The pressure between the first and second closed spaces by sucking the gas in the space
Maintaining the difference within a defined range, gas in the first closed space
Selective water vapor in the module
Through the second closed space through the
Suction and compression of air to produce single component high temperature high pressure steam
And a compressor, the second side of which is closed on the intake side of the compressor.
Between the suction gas from the space and the discharge gas from the compressor
A heat exchanger for heat exchange is installed to heat the sucked gas.
It is characterized in that the air is sucked into the compressor.
Water vapor treatment using a functional membrane that selectively permeates water vapor
Processing equipment. 5. A casing and a functional film that selectively permeates water vapor in a gas within a predetermined pressure difference range, and defines the inside of the casing into first and second closed spaces. And the gas introduction means for introducing the humidifying body outside the system into the first closed space, and the gas in the second closed space is sucked into the first and the second closed spaces. The pressure difference between the two closed spaces is maintained within a predetermined range, and the water vapor in the gas in the first closed space is selectively permeated to the second closed space through the selective water vapor permeation module. , A compressor for suction-compressing the air in the second closed space to generate high-temperature high-pressure vapor of a single component, and to the intake side of the compressor,
Suction gas from the second closed space and discharge gas from the compressor
A heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the body is installed and the suction
A steam treatment apparatus using a functional film that selectively permeates steam, characterized in that gas is heated and sucked into the compressor . 6. A condenser is disposed on the discharge side of the compressor,
The function of selectively permeating steam according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged from the compressor is radiated to the outside of the system to condense and liquefy the steam. Steam treatment device using a membrane. 7. The selective water vapor permeation module is configured to have a laminated structure in which a plurality of functional membranes that selectively permeate water vapor in a gas within a predetermined pressure difference range are stacked. 7. A steam treatment apparatus using the functional film according to claim 1 , wherein the functional film selectively transmits water vapor. 8. The selective water vapor permeation module comprises a plurality of functional membranes that selectively permeate water vapor in a gas within a range of a predetermined pressure difference and a plurality of porous ventilation members that allow the gas to flow freely. 7. A steam treatment apparatus using a functional film that selectively allows water vapor to permeate according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the steam treatment apparatus is configured to have a laminated structure formed by stacking the steam. 9. The selective water vapor permeation module uses the functional film for selectively permeating water vapor according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein the laminated body is formed in a corrugated shape. Steam treatment equipment.