JP3409716B2 - Method for shrink-proofing cellulosic fiber-containing structure - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure, and more particularly, to a method for processing with a special chemical, such as resin processing. Not
The present invention relates to a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure capable of imparting durable and excellent shrink resistance to the cellulosic fiber-containing structure. [0002] Conventionally, cellulose-based fiber-containing structures have been widely used as materials for clothing and the like because they have good hygroscopicity, water absorption and texture, and are easy to process. [0003] However, the above-mentioned cellulosic fiber-containing structure has problems such as shrinkage due to washing and texture hardening due to repeated washing. In this case, two phenomena are mainly involved in the cause of washing shrinkage. One such phenomenon is deformation due to various forces applied to the woven or knitted fabric during weaving and processing of the woven or knitted fabric. This deformation causes the woven or knitted fabric to be rubbed in a free state in which no force is applied during washing, thereby causing a contraction to return to the original stable state. As means for preventing such shrinkage,
There is a mechanical method represented by sanforizing. This method uses a rubber belt-type or felt blanket-type sanforizing machine to physically compress and shrink the fabric continuously, thereby alleviating the latent shrinkage of the woven or knitted fabric, thereby providing shrink resistance. . However, in this method, there is a problem that latent shrinkage cannot be sufficiently reduced for a thick fabric or a fabric subjected to a hard finish treatment, and durable good shrinkage cannot be imparted. . [0007] Another phenomenon is shrinkage of the woven or knitted fabric which occurs as individual fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric absorb water and swell to increase the cross-sectional area. This shrinkage is caused by absorbing water. Even if the cross-sectional area returns to its original state after drying, the woven or knitted fabric cannot return to its original size by itself, and the shrinkage remains. As a means for preventing the shrinkage, there is a resin processing using a cellulose-reactive resin or the like. This resin processing
In this method, chemical cross-linking is formed between cellulose molecules of the fiber to suppress swelling and impart shrink resistance. According to the above resin processing, however, although a certain degree of shrinkage resistance can be obtained, the strength of the dough decreases with an increase in the amount of the resin added, the texture becomes hard, and the resin contains formalin as a resin. When such a material is used, there is a problem that formalin remains in the dough. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a durable and excellent shrink-proof property without using a resin processing agent such as a cellulose-reactive resin. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure that can be applied to a cellulosic fiber-containing structure. Means for Solving the Problems and Embodiments of the Invention The present inventors have made intensive studies in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and as a result, by treating a cellulose fiber-containing structure with liquid ammonia. It has been found that by further steam-treating the obtained cellulose fiber-containing structure having a cellulose III crystal structure, a durable cellulose fiber-containing structure having excellent shrink resistance can be obtained. That is, when liquid ammonia treatment is applied to cellulose fibers, the fibers swell, and at the same time, the cellulose I or cellulose II crystal structure is changed to the cellulose III crystal structure, and the swollen structure can be maintained even after removing the liquid ammonia. It is also known that the degree of crystallinity is reduced, and the shrink resistance is high when resin processing is performed on such cloth, and that the degree of cloth strength reduction is reduced,
The present inventors have thus treated the cellulose I or cellulose II crystal structure with liquid ammonia to cause the cellulose I or cellulose II crystal structure to be sufficiently swollen to be transferred to the cellulose III crystal structure, and then further to the cellulosic fiber having the cellulose III crystal structure. By performing steam treatment on the containing structure in a temperature range of 98 to 150 ° C. in a tensioned state or a non-tensioned state, a remarkable shrinkage-preventing effect is exhibited without performing special resin processing with a cellulose-reactive resin or the like. In addition, there is little decrease in fabric strength, shrinkage due to washing, texture hardening due to repeated washing is extremely small, and durable excellent shrinkage resistant even if the cellulosic fiber-containing structure is thick fabric or hard-finished fabric etc. It has been found that the present invention can impart properties, and the present invention has been completed. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for shrink-proofing a cellulosic fiber-containing structure, which comprises subjecting the cellulosic fiber-containing structure to a liquid ammonia treatment and then steam-treating it under any of the following conditions. I do. 98 ° C or more and less than 105 ° C 1 hour or more and 105 ° C or more and less than 115 ° C 40 minutes or more and 115 ° C or more and less than 125 ° C 25 minutes or more and 125 ° C or more and less than 135 ° C 15 minutes or more and 135 ° C or more and 150 ° C or less 5 minutes or more The present invention will be described in more detail. In the shrink-proofing method of the present invention, a cellulosic fiber-containing structure is subjected to liquid ammonia treatment, and then subjected to steam treatment in a tensioned state or in a tensionless state. Here, examples of the cellulosic fiber-containing structure include structures made of natural fibers or regenerated cellulose fibers such as cotton, hemp, rayon, polynosic, cupra, and high-strength regenerated cellulose fibers (for example, Tencel). Further, composite fibers obtained by mixing synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide with these natural or regenerated cellulose fibers can also be used. In this case, the conjugate fiber preferably has a high content of cellulosic fiber, and the proportion of the cellulosic fiber in the conjugate fiber is generally desirably 50% by weight or more. Examples of the structure include a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a nonwoven fabric. Known treatments such as burning, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing and the like can be applied to these cellulosic fiber-containing structures as a pretreatment, if necessary. The structure may be dyed or printed. The liquid ammonia treatment can be carried out, for example, by impregnating the cellulosic fiber-containing structure with liquid ammonia maintained at a temperature of -33 ° C. or less at normal pressure. As the impregnation method, a method of dipping in a liquid ammonia bath, a method of spraying or coating with liquid ammonia, and the like can be used. Generally, the liquid ammonia impregnation time is suitably from 5 to 40 seconds. Although it is most common to use liquid ammonia, lower alkylamines such as methylamine and ethylamine may be used in some cases. The liquid ammonia-treated cellulosic fiber-containing structure removes the attached ammonia by heating. In the steam treatment, the structure containing a cellulosic fiber is usually treated at 98 to 150 ° C., preferably 105 to 150 ° C.
This is done by contacting with steam at a temperature in the range of ° C. Specifically, any device capable of performing steam treatment at normal pressure or high pressure may be used. For example, a continuous high-temperature high-pressure steamer or the like can be used. Since the time of the steam treatment varies depending on the temperature of the steam and the like, it cannot be specified unconditionally.
It is preferably as follows. 98 ° C. or more and less than 105 ° C .: 1 hour or more, preferably 1 to
5 hours 105 ° C. or more and less than 115 ° C .: 40 minutes or more, preferably 4
0 minutes to 4 hours 115 ° C. or more and less than 125 ° C .: 25 minutes or more, preferably 2 minutes
5 minutes to 2 hours 30 minutes 125 ° C or more and less than 135 ° C: 15 minutes or more, preferably 1
5 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes 135 ° C. or more and 150 ° C. or less: 5 minutes or more, preferably 5 minutes to 1 hour The steam treatment is carried out under tension or non-tension. Usually, the treatment is carried out without tension using a batch type steamer or the like according to the kind of the dough or the application, or is carried out while keeping the dough smooth under a slight tension using a continuous high-temperature / high-pressure steamer or the like. When the steam treatment is carried out in a tensionless state using a batch type steamer or the like, the stress of the fiber woven and knitted structure is alleviated and the shrink resistance is improved. The wrinkle degree is improved, and advantages such as imparting a feeling of stiffness and stiffness and a change in surface feel are provided. On the other hand, when the steam treatment is performed under a slight tension using a continuous steamer or the like, the dough does not have wrinkles or irregularities, and the ears are formed because the flatness of the dough is maintained during the steam treatment. There is an advantage that a large amount of processing can be simultaneously performed without winding. The steam treatment can be applied to a dyed product and a printed product, and can be performed after dyeing or printing a cellulosic fiber structure. In such a steam treatment, there is no need to use an alkaline or acidic auxiliary agent such as caustic soda or acetic acid, so that the hue and the color fastness are not impaired even for dyed or printed cellulosic fiber structures. It can be applied, and has the advantage that no strength reduction occurs because no resin processing is performed. In the method of performing steam treatment after the above-described liquid ammonia treatment, since no resin processing agent such as formalin is used, formalin does not remain in the dough, the strength of the dough is hardly reduced, and shrinkage due to washing, It is possible to obtain a cellulosic fiber-containing structure having very little texture hardening due to repeated washing. In addition, even when the cellulosic fiber-containing structure is a thick fabric or a fabric that has been subjected to a hard finish treatment, it is possible to impart good shrinkage resistance, and also obtain effects such as improvement in gloss and deep dyeing. According to the shrink-proofing method of the present invention, the details of the reason why the decrease in the dough strength is small and the shrink-proofing property is high are not necessarily clear, but are considered to be due to the following reasons. That is, cellulose in a natural state (natural cellulose) usually has a cellulose I crystal structure, but when mercerized (caustic treatment), at least a part of the cellulose I crystal structure is transformed into a cellulose II crystal structure. I do. The regenerated cellulose fiber has a cellulose II crystal structure from the beginning. When the cellulosic fiber-containing structure having a plurality of crystal structures is treated with liquid ammonia, liquid ammonia penetrates not only into the non-crystalline region but also into the crystal region of the cellulosic fiber-containing structure, so that hydrogen bonds are broken and the whole swells. I do. Thereafter, a new hydrogen bond is generated by evaporating the ammonia by a heat treatment. That is, in the crystalline region, cellulose III
A crystal structure results and the crystals are fixed in a swollen state. Next, when the steam treatment is performed, the cellulose III crystal structure in the cellulosic fiber-containing structure returns to the more stable crystal structure of cellulose I or cellulose II. Thus, it is set while a sufficient swelling state is maintained. As a result, there is no influence of swelling due to water at the time of the subsequent washing, and it is considered that the fabric strength is hardly reduced and durable and excellent shrink resistance can be imparted. The shrinkproof cellulosic fibrous structure of the present invention is subjected to final finishing such as tentering and texture adjustment as necessary. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples. [Example 1] A No. 50 single yarn plain fabric (warp density: 148 yarns / inch, weft yarn density: 80 yarns / inch) consisting of 100% cotton was bleached by a conventional method, and then treated with liquid ammonia for 10 seconds. To remove ammonia by heating. Next, the fabric is wrapped lightly around a plastic cylinder.
× Steaming treatment was performed for 1 hour. Comparative Example 1 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment and the steaming were not performed. Comparative Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that no steaming was performed. Comparative Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment was not performed. Example 2 A No. 50 single-fiber plain fabric (warp density: 148 yarns / inch, weft yarn density: 80 yarns / inch) consisting of 100% cotton was bleached by a conventional method, and then mercerized. Thereafter, a liquid ammonia treatment was performed for 10 seconds, and subsequently, ammonia was removed by heating. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, steaming treatment was performed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour in a smooth state using a high-temperature and high-pressure steamer. Comparative Example 4 The same operation as in Example 2 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment and the steaming were not performed. Comparative Example 5 The same operation as in Example 2 was performed except that no steaming was performed. Comparative Example 6 The same operation as in Example 2 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment was not performed. [Example 3] A plain woven fabric of warp 75d and weft 100d consisting of 100% cupra (warp density 103 /
Inches and a weft density of 80 yarns / inch) were enzymatically desizing and then treated with liquid ammonia for 10 seconds, followed by heating to remove ammonia. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, steaming treatment was performed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour in a smooth state using a high-temperature and high-pressure steamer. Comparative Example 7 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment and the steaming were not performed. Comparative Example 8 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that no steaming was performed. Comparative Example 9 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment was not performed. Example 4 A plain woven fabric (warp density: 102 yarns / inch, weft density: 57 yarns / inch) having a warp 120d made of 100% rayon and a weft 30 single yarn span was subjected to enzyme desizing by a conventional method. Liquid ammonia treatment was performed for 10 seconds, and then ammonia was removed by heating. Next, Example 1
130 ° C in a smooth state using a high-temperature and high-pressure steamer as in
× Steaming treatment was performed for 1 hour. Comparative Example 10 The same operation as in Example 4 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment and the steaming were not performed. Comparative Example 11 The same operation as in Example 4 was performed except that no steaming was performed. Comparative Example 12 The same operation as in Example 4 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment was not performed. JIS L02 of the woven fabric obtained as described above
Table 1 shows the results of the washing durability test by tumble drying using the 17103 method. [Table 1] Example 5 A 100% cotton No. 40/2 table fir was treated with mercury and then treated with liquid ammonia for 10 seconds, followed by heating to remove ammonia. Next, after bleaching, a cloth was lightly wound around a plastic cylinder, and steamed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour in a smooth state using a high-temperature and high-pressure steamer. After that, finish softening was performed with a pin tenter. Comparative Example 13 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment and the steaming were not performed. Comparative Example 14 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that no steaming was performed. Comparative Example 15 The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the liquid ammonia treatment was not performed. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the physical properties of the knitted fabric obtained as described above. [Table 2] According to the present invention, durable and excellent shrink resistance can be imparted to a cellulose-based fiber-containing structure without performing resin processing, and shrinkage and texture hardening due to repeated washing can be provided. And so on.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tadashi Isogai 45 characters, Miai-cho, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture Nisshinbo Industries, Ltd. Miai Factory (56) References JP-A-5-33259 (JP, A) JP-A-10-204774 (JP, A) JP-B-51-31320 (JP, B1) JP-B-47-44451 (JP, Y1) US Patent 3,980,429 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) ) D06M 11/61

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A cellulosic fiber-containing structure characterized by subjecting a cellulosic fiber-containing structure to liquid ammonia treatment and then steam-treating under any of the following conditions. Shrink-proof processing method. 98 ° C or more and less than 105 ° C 1 hour or more and 105 ° C or more and less than 115 ° C 40 minutes or more and 115 ° C or more and less than 125 ° C 25 minutes or more and 125 ° C or more and less than 135 ° C 15 minutes or more and 135 ° C or more and 150 ° C or less 5 minutes or more