JP3408858B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a small-sized hydraulic excavator, about the construction machinery such as mini excavators.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART FIG. 15 is a conventional construction machine, an explanatory view showing a structure of a doorway door portion of the small hydraulic excavator and compact excavator For example, (a) shows the enlarged sectional view showing a time entrance door closed , (B) is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part showing the door in an open state.

In this conventional hydraulic excavator, in order to minimize the turning radius at the time of turning, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the operator's cab 50 is closed when the door 57 is closed.
Side surface of the entrance door 57 and the frame 59 of the revolving structure
Is formed to be substantially flush with the outer surface of the. And
As shown in (b), when the door 57 is opened,
A step 60 is formed between the floor surface 58 of the cab 50 and the upper surface of the frame 59, and the exposed upper surface portion of the frame 59 is smaller than the size of the driver's foot. That is,
The width dimension of the exposed upper surface portion of the frame 59 is small enough to correspond to the thickness dimension below the door 57.

[0004] drilling in an emergency, such as a landslide of Kezunaka, if and when the entrance door 57 of the cab 50 that can be opened, luck <br/> rolling who immediately opened the entrance door 57, depress the foot on the floor 58 And jump off and escape to the outside of the hydraulic excavator.

[0005]

Meanwhile [0008] In the prior art described above, escape if possible from the entrance door 57, as shown in FIG. 15, the driver outside depresses the foot on the floor 58 of the cab 50 Floor 58 and frame 59 when jumping out
When took foot of the step 60 portion, foot slippery, depression posture becomes unstable, there is a risk that damage to the foot when landed, there is a problem in safety.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances in the prior art described above, Its purpose, upon escape in non-constantly, the construction machinery which is capable of ensuring the stability of the depression posture of the driver To provide.

[0007]

To achieve the above Symbol purpose SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, it will be described using the code mentioned in the examples described below, one pair The traveling body 1 and the entrance door 8 that can turn on these traveling bodies 1
And a driver's cab 6 having windows, for example a rear window 9 and a skylight 10,
And a construction machine that includes a rotating body 2 mounted with the engine room 7, for example, in the hydraulic excavator, diameter approximately equal to the basic shape of the outer periphery of the front Symbol swing body 2 before Symbol maximum width L of the pair of traveling bodies 1 and forming an arcuate, it is the shape of the side portion that includes the pre-Symbol entrance door 8 on the structure forming the shape S of "V" in plan view.

[0008]

[Action] According to a first aspect of the present invention, since you have the configuration described above, when opening the left entrance door 8,
A space where the driver's foot can be hung, that is, a protrusion 40 is formed in the outer portion of the cab 6, and a space where the driver's foot is hung, that is, the first step 38 is formed near the engine room 7. To be done. Therefore,
When it is possible to escape from the doorway door 8 of the operator's cab 6 in an emergency, the driver who opens the doorway door 8 may step on the projecting portion 40 widened by opening the doorway door 8 and then land. The protrusion 40 can ensure the stability of the stepping posture when landing. If you cannot escape from the entrance door 8 in an emergency,
For example, a driver who gets out of the rear window 9 and the skylight 10 and rides on the engine room 7 may land on the vehicle after landing on the first step 38. The first step 38 stabilizes the landing. A stepping posture can be obtained.

[0009]

EXAMPLES The following will be described with reference to FIG real施例of the construction machine of the present invention. 1 to 14 are explanatory views of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG . 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a rear window portion located behind a driver's seat provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 3A and 3B are explanatory views showing a locking means of the rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a locked state and a half-opened state of the window, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state when the rear window is opened, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a main part of the locking means shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing a locked state and a window closed state; 6B is a perspective view showing an unlocked state, FIG. 5 is a side view showing a holding means for holding the rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG.
1 is a side view of a holding means for holding the rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 in a half-opened state, showing the window in a half-opened state;
7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a driver escapes from a rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a structure of a skylight portion provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. ) Is a side sectional view, (b) is a sectional view of part B of (a),
(C) is a C section sectional view of (a).

First, the basic construction of a construction machine to which this embodiment is applied, for example, a hydraulic excavator such as a small hydraulic excavator or a mini excavator will be described with reference to FIG. The hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 includes a pair of traveling bodies 1, a revolving structure 2 arranged on the traveling structures 1, a boom 3 rotatably mounted on the revolving structure 2, and a boom 3 mounted on the boom 3. The arm 4 is rotatably mounted, and the bucket 5 is rotatably mounted on the arm 4. The revolving unit 2 has an operator's cab 6 having an entrance door 8 and a rear window 9 and a skylight 10 described later.
And an engine room 7 are installed. An earth discharging plate 11 is rotatably attached to the traveling body 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, a driver's seat 12 is provided inside the driver's cab 6, and a rear window 9 described above is provided at a rear position of the driver's seat 12. As shown in FIG. 5, the rear window 9 is attached to the outside of the main body 13 of the operator's cab 6, and the upper portion of the rear window 9 is vertically attached to the main body 13 by about 18 degrees.
A support means, such as the hinge 14, is rotatably movable in the range of 0 °.
Supported by. As shown in FIG. 2, the rear window 9
In the lower part of the above, there are provided a lock means 15 for locking the rear window 9 from rotating and a holding means 20 connected to the lock means 15 for holding the rear window 9 in a half-open state.

The above-mentioned locking means 15 is fixed to the main body 13 of the cab 6 as shown in FIGS.
7, a screw 16 having a ring that is screwed into the locking hole 17 of the locking metal 18 and can be gripped by the driver, and a bracket 19 that rotatably supports the screw 16. Made of. When the screw 16 is fitted into the locking hole 17 and is rotated, for example, a half turn in the clockwise direction, the threaded portion of the screw 16 engages with the edge of the locking hole 17 so that (a) of FIG. ) The lock state is reached. Also, from this state, screw 1
When 6 is rotated counterclockwise by a half turn, the engagement between the screw portion of the screw 16 and the edge portion of the locking hole 17 is released, and (b) of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4B, the lock is released. It should be noted that in FIG.
This state is located on the outer side of the connecting member 23, which will be described later, when the rear window 9 is rotated after unlocking.
2 shows a state in which the bracket 19 once rides on the locking metal fitting 18 with the relative rotation between the bracket 24 and the bracket 24, and then slightly lowers due to its own weight.

The holding means 20 for holding the rear window 9 in the half-opened state is as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG.
A bracket 24 that is fastened to a bracket 19 that constitutes the locking means 15 via a screw, a coupling tool 23 that is rotatably coupled to the bracket 24, and a coupling tool that is relatively rotatably coupled to the coupling tool 23. The lever 22 is operable by the driver's hand, and the stopper 21 is connected to the lever 22 so as to be rotatable relative thereto and fixed to the rear window 9. As shown in FIG. 5, by lifting the lower end of the lever 22 from the closed state of the rear window 9,
Is pushed outward, and as shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal portions of the connecting tool 23, the lever 22, and the fastener 21 are substantially straight,
Mechanically locked, the rear window 9 is held in a half-opened state as shown in FIG. When the lever 22 is lifted and rotated to the front from the state shown in FIG. 6, the connector 23 is bent toward the front as shown in FIG. 5, and the lever 22 is arranged on the connection tool 23 to close the rear window 9. Held in.

In the locked state by the above-mentioned locking means 15, the rear window 9 may be closed either as shown in FIG. 5 or in the half-opened state as shown in FIG. The rear window 9 cannot be pivoted outward by merely pushing 9. And the lock means 1
When the lock by 5 is released, the rear window 9 can be rotated outward, and as shown in FIG. 7, the rear window 9 can be utilized as an escape window.

Further, the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG.
The skylight 10 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8A, the skylight 10 is rotatable about a main body 13 forming the roof portion of the operator's cab 6 within a range of about 180 ° in the vertical direction via a supporting means, for example, a hinge 26. I am supported. A bracket 27 is integrally fixed to the lower portion of the skylight 10, and a pin 28 having a ring 37 that can be held by a driver is inserted into the bracket 27. This pin 28
As shown in (c) of FIG. 8, the washer 29, the end portion of the first stay 31, and the washer 30 are inserted. Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, the pin 28 is provided with a retaining pin 32 for preventing the pin 28 from falling off from the bracket 27.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the above-mentioned first stay 31 is slidably fitted in the second stay 33, and the bolt portion of the butterfly bolt 35 can be inserted therethrough. The long hole 34 is provided. The second stay 33 also has an elongated hole at a position corresponding to the elongated hole 34 of the first stay 31, and the butterfly bolt 35 described above can be inserted into the elongated hole. As shown in FIG. 8A, one end of the second stay 33 is connected to a bracket 36 fixed to the main body 13 of the cab 6 so as to be relatively rotatable.

The above-mentioned pin 28 constitutes a locking means for locking the skylight 10 so that it does not rotate, and the above-described first pin 28 is provided.
The stay 31, the second stay 33, and the wing bolt 35 form a holding unit that holds the skylight 10 in a half-opened state.

From the assembled state of the first stay 31 and the second stay 33 which are contracted as shown by the solid line in FIG. 8A, the butterfly bolt 35 is loosened to rotate the skylight 10 outward (upward). When the first stay 31 and the second stay 33 extend, and the wing bolt 35 is tightened in such a state, as shown in FIG.
As shown by the double-dashed line in (a) of FIG. Further, by loosening the wing bolt 35 and contracting the first stay 31 and the second stay 33 from such a half-opened state, the skylight 10 can be held in the closed state as shown by the solid line.

Further, for example, when the skylight 10 is kept in the closed state, by removing the retaining pin 32 shown in FIG. 8C and pulling out the pin 28 from the bracket 27, the lock is released, and the skylight is removed. 10 can be rotated further than the half-opened state shown by the chain double-dashed line.
The driver can escape from the part.

FIG . 9 is a plan view of a revolving structure portion provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a rear view of the revolving structure portion shown in FIG. 11, and FIG. 11 is a revolving structure provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the door of the vehicle in a closed state, FIG.
2 is a perspective view showing an open / close state of an entrance / exit door of the revolving structure provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

As shown in these figures, particularly in FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, the basic shape of the outer periphery of the revolving superstructure 2 arranged on the pair of traveling bodies 1 is substantially equal to the maximum width L of the pair of traveling bodies 1. In addition to being formed in an arc shape, the shape of the side portion including the door 8 is formed in a V shape in a plan view. With such a structure, a first step 38 on which the driver's foot can be placed is formed in the frame portion of the revolving structure 2 near the engine room 7 mounted on the revolving structure 2. Further, the space above the first step 38 forms a storage space for the entrance door 8 that is opened by being rotated, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the first
The outer edge of step 38 is formed in an arc shape along the arc-shaped outer periphery of the engine room 7. In addition, the above-mentioned driver's cab 6 is connected to the inner portion of the first step 38. That is, the structure is such that nothing is interposed between the first step 38 and the cab 6.

FIG . 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the swivel entrance / exit door provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1, in a closed state. FIG. 14 shows the swivel entrance / exit door provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the open state.

As shown in FIG. 13, in the present embodiment, the shape of the side portion including the entrance door 8 is formed into a V-shape S in a plan view as described above. A protrusion 40 continuous with the floor surface 41 of the operator's cab 6 is formed in the outer portion, and the upper surface of the protrusion 40 is hung by the driver's foot when the door 8 is opened, as shown in FIG. Forming a second step which is carried out. The upper surface of the protruding portion 40 is set lower than the floor surface 41 of the cab 6.
That is, a step 42 is provided between the floor surface 41 of the cab 6 and the upper surface of the protrusion 40. Further, as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 described above, the outer edge portion of the projecting portion 40 is formed in an arcuate shape continuous with the above-mentioned first step 38. Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the entrance door 8 is formed into a curved surface, that is, a cylindrical surface. The door 8 is rotatable by a hinge as shown in FIG.

In the embodiment constructed as described above, when the driver's cab 6 is entered at normal times, or when the driver's cab 6 is used.
When the passenger exits from the ground to the ground, the upper surface of the protrusion 40 is hung on the driver's foot by opening the door 8.
The floor surface 41 of the cab 6
Since the step 42 is provided and the protrusion 40 is set low, the driver can easily get on and off the cab 6.

In a relatively narrow work space such as a road in a town, the boom 3 shown in FIG.
When the revolving unit 2 is revolved so as to be located within the revolving radius, the basic shape of the outer periphery of the revolving unit 2 is an arc shape having a diameter substantially equal to the maximum width L of the pair of traveling bodies 1. That is, since the outer edge portion of the first step 38 shown in FIG. 9 is formed in an arc shape and the outer edge portion of the protruding portion 40 is formed in an arc shape, the first step 38 and the protruding portion 40 have a turning radius. Even when the hydraulic excavator is not moved by the traveling operation, the first step 38 and the projecting portion 40 can be swung without colliding with the surrounding buildings and utility poles. ,
You can work efficiently.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, when the door 8 is opened, the first step 38 is that the door 8 is opened.
Of the revolving structure 2 in the relatively narrow working space as described above, with the entrance door 8 opened and the entrance door 8 accommodated on the first step 38.
In the same manner as described above, when the door is turned, the door 8 does not project to the outside of the turning radius, that is, the door 8 collides with the surrounding buildings and utility poles without moving the hydraulic excavator by the traveling operation. It is possible to make a turn without any need, and thus the turning can be efficiently performed by opening the door 8.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9 and the like, since the driver's cab 6 is connected to the first step 38, there is no structural waste and the overall structure of the revolving superstructure 2 can be made relatively compact. it can.

If the door 8 cannot be opened due to a landslide during excavation work,
As described above, the driver in the cab 6 immediately unlocks the screw 16 of the locking means 15 shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 7 described above, it is sufficient to get out of the rear window 9, get on the engine room 7, and step on the first step 38 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 to get down to the ground. That is, the screw 16 is rotated a half turn, and the rear window 9
The operator in the cab 6 can easily escape to the outside of the hydraulic excavator by a simple operation of rotating the hydraulic excavator upward, and the time required for the escape is short, and the safety is excellent. Is obtained . Also, the driver who was riding on the engine room 7 out of the cab 6, as described above, the first step 38
As a result, a stable stepping posture can be obtained when landing, and the operator can easily, safely, and quickly escape from the hydraulic excavator.

When the door 8 is opened even in the case of an emergency as described above, the driver in the operator's cab 6 immediately tries to open the door 8 to go outside. Since the protrusion 40 continuously provided on the floor surface 41 of the vehicle forms a second step on which the driver's foot can be placed, the driver who wants to escape can step on the protrusion 40 and then land. The projecting portion 40 can ensure the stability of the stepping posture at the time of landing, and from this viewpoint, excellent safety can be obtained. In this case, the protrusion 4
0 is lower than the floor surface 41 of the cab 6 so that the step 4
Since 2 is provided, the driver can get out of the protrusion 40 more safely and easily.

Further, in this embodiment, since the door 8 is formed in a cylindrical surface, the inside of the operator's cab 6 can be made relatively large, and the operable area of the driver can be widened. It is easy to operate a lever that drives an actuator (not shown). This is effective when the hydraulic excavator is smaller . Contact name in the above embodiment, are configured to doorway door 8 to open and close the doorway portion rotates via a hinge, the present invention is not limited to be configured to this, the entrance door 8 It may be configured to be held slidably and accommodated in the first step 38 when opened . Also, the above embodiment is exemplified hydraulic shovel as an example of a construction machine is applied, the present invention is not limited to the hydraulic excavator, it may be applied to a crane working machine or the like. In particular, it is suitable for a construction machine having a revolving structure in which a driver's cab is provided on the revolving structure.

[0032]

Since the present invention is are the above construction, doorway when the basic shape of the outer periphery of the swivel member in an arcuate shape having a maximum width substantially equal diameters of the pair of traveling bodies, opened the entrance door A space where the driver's foot can be put on the outside part of the door is created, and when the driver escapes from the entrance door in an emergency, by putting a foot on the space outside the entrance door, you can easily get down to the ground,
That is, the space outside the entrance door provides a stable stepping posture when landing, and if the entrance door does not open in an emergency, the driver exiting the escape window and riding in the engine room It is possible to easily get off the ground by stepping on the first step, that is, the first step provides a stable stepping posture when landing, and from this viewpoint, the driver easily escapes from the construction machine. Therefore, there is an effect that excellent safety can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a rear window portion located behind a driver's seat provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG.

3A and 3B are explanatory views showing a lock means for a rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1, where FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a locked state and a half-opened state of the window, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state when it is opened and a window is opened.

4A and 4B are perspective views showing a main part of the locking means shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing a locked state and a window closed state, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing an unlocked state. is there.

5 is a side view showing a holding means for holding the rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 in a half-opened state when the window is closed.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a holding means for holding the rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 in a half-opened state when the window is half-opened.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state where a driver escapes from a rear window provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG.

8A and 8B are explanatory views showing a structure of a skylight portion provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1, in which FIG. 8A is a side sectional view, FIG. 8B is a sectional view of a B portion in FIG. 8A, and FIG. FIG. 7B is a sectional view of a C portion.

9 is a plan view of a revolving structure portion provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

10 is a rear view of the revolving structure portion shown in FIG. 11. FIG.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which a door of a revolving structure provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 is in a closed state.

12 is a perspective view showing an open / close state of an entrance / exit door of a revolving structure provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a closed state of an entrance / exit door of a revolving structure provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an open / close state of an entrance / exit door of a revolving structure provided in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1.

[Fig. 15] Fig. 15 is a view of the doorway portion of the cab of the conventional construction machine
It is explanatory drawing which shows a structure, (a) shows the door door closed state.
An enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part, (b) shows the door in the open state
It is to enlarged sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

Shape of the first traveling body 2 turning body 6 cab 7 engine room 8 entrance doors 1 2 driver's seat 13 present body 3 8 first step 39 the outer edge portion 40 protruding portion 41 Floor face 42 stepped L maximum width S "V"

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Toshiaki Nishida 650 Jinrachi-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura factory (72) Inventor Toshige Yabuki, 650 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Noguchi 1-2 Sasagaoka, Mizuguchi-cho, Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture Toyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ken Iijima, 650 Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura Plant (56) Reference Document JP-A-4-136326 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 58-97258 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 59-102657 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02F 9/16 E02F 9/08 E02F 9/24 B60J 1/00

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of running bodies and a rotating member mounted on these running bodies.
A driver's cab that is rotatably arranged and has an entrance door and a window ,
And a revolving structure equipped with an engine room , wherein the basic shape of the outer periphery of the revolving structure is the maximum of the pair of traveling structures.
Formed in an arc shape with a diameter approximately equal to the width, and
The shape of the side part including the entrance door is "ku" in plan view
Construction machine characterized by having a structure that forms a V shape
Machinery . 2. A first station is provided near the engine room.
Construction machine according to claim 1, comprising the-up
Machinery . 3. A pair of running bodies and a rotating member mounted on these running bodies.
A driver's cab that is arranged so that it can be rotated and that has an entrance door and a window
In a construction machine equipped with a mounted revolving structure, the basic shape of the outer periphery of the revolving structure is set to the maximum of the pair of traveling structures.
Formed in an arc shape with a diameter approximately equal to the width, and
On the frame part of the revolving structure on the door side, the arc
Construction machinery, wherein <br/> the first step is formed in the turning radius shaped for turning body. 4. The upper space of the first step is the projecting space.
A storage space for the entrance door is formed.
Construction machinery of 2 or 3, wherein. 5. The outer edge portion of the first step is formed into an arc shape.
Construction <br/> machinery according to claim 2 or 3, wherein that formed was. 6. The driver's cab is connected to the first step
Claim 2 or 3, wherein the construction machine, characterized in that the
Machinery . 7. A construction machine comprising a pair of traveling bodies, and a revolving body which is rotatably arranged on the traveling bodies and has an operator cab having an entrance door and a window mounted therein. , to form a basic shape of the outer periphery of the front Symbol swing body in a circular arc shape of maximum width approximately equal diameter prior Symbol pair of running members, provided continuously on the floor of the cab to the outer portion of the front SL entrance door Ru
Construction machinery, wherein a protruding portion is formed. 8. The projecting portion is configured to rotate the arcuate revolving body.
Construction machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that it is formed in a round radius. 9. Construction machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that the formation of the entrance door to the curved surface. 10. The outer edge portion of the protrusion is formed in an arc shape.
Construction machinery according to claim 7, wherein a was. 11. Between the driver's cab floor and the protrusion
The construction machine according to claim 7 , wherein a step is provided.
Machinery . 12. Construction machine according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the construction machine is a hydraulic excavator
Machinery .