JP3405223B2 - Roadside system for automatic toll collection - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a toll booth that collects tolls at highways, toll roads, or parking lots, or at existing or new places where tolls are incurred due to traffic or parking of vehicles such as gas stations. The present invention relates to an automatic toll collection system that automatically collects coins and bills without stopping the traveling vehicle or passing between the driver and the collector when passing or stopping.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an automatic toll collection system using a radio wave described in JP-A-9-288750 is known.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the vicinity of a tollgate when the conventional automatic toll collection system is applied to the tollgate on a toll road. In FIG. 22, reference numeral 70 denotes a notice antenna device, and 7
1 is a vehicle passing through the tollgate, 72 is an in-vehicle device which is a wireless device mounted on the vehicle 71, and 73 is a roadside device installed at the tollgate.

The vehicle 71 that has entered the toll booth is equipped with the advance notice antenna device 70 and the vehicle-mounted device 7 mounted on the vehicle 71.
Two-way communication is performed with the two. The main functions of the advance notice antenna device 70 that wirelessly communicates with the in-vehicle device 72 are to start the operation of the in-vehicle device 72 in response to a response request signal from the advance notice antenna device 70, to diagnose an abnormality in the in-vehicle device 72 based on an appropriate response, and to execute the in-vehicle device 72. Vehicle 7 with image or text display or voice through a display or speaker connected to
It is a notification to the driver of No. 1 that the automatic toll collection is possible.

A vehicle 71 traveling in a designated traffic lane
The vehicle-mounted device 72 mounted on the vehicle performs wireless two-way communication with the roadside device 73 and automatically collects the toll. Specifically, information such as a bank account owned by the driver is acquired from the vehicle-mounted device 72 through the roadside device 73, and the toll is deducted from the account, or the monetary information is held in an IC card of a predetermined format. In addition, by adding the function of reading and writing the information of the IC card to the vehicle-mounted device 72, an electronic device for reducing a predetermined amount of money from the IC card according to the charge information sent from the roadside device 73 to the vehicle-mounted device 72. It becomes possible by the regular payment procedure.

In the case of a mileage dependent toll road, at the entrance toll gate, the roadside machine 73 sends the entrance information to the vehicle-mounted device 72 for storage, and the roadside machine 73 at the exit-side tollgate the vehicle-mounted device 72.
The mileage and route are determined by receiving this entrance information from the, and the toll is electronically settled.

[0007]

A feature of the wireless communication method between the roadside device and the vehicle-mounted device is that the roadside device performs wireless communication only with the vehicle-mounted device that moves within a limited spatial range. In the case of the automatic toll collection system, it is realized by forming a transmission / reception beam of a roadside device antenna installed 4-5 m above the road surface into a desired shape, with a communication area of approximately 3 × 4 m. Further, as another feature, the base station keeps transmitting the response request signal repeatedly at a constant time interval, for example, every several milliseconds to several tens of milliseconds, and the in-vehicle device mounted on the vehicle enters the communication area. When the in-vehicle device receives this response request signal and transmits a predetermined response signal to the roadside device,
A series of two-way communication is started.

In order for this automatic toll collection system to function effectively, it is necessary to install infrastructure systems at the toll gates such as roadside antennas at toll gates nationwide. Further, each toll gate has a plurality of traffic lanes, and it is desirable to install roadside machines in all traffic lanes as much as possible. Therefore, if you consider the nationwide scale, 24 hours,
Many roadside devices will continue to output response request signals. 1
It is inevitable that a tollgate with a high daily traffic volume will continue to transmit a response request signal for 24 hours, but at a tollgate with a low toll, it will result in unnecessary power consumption.

According to the present invention, a roadside device transmits a response request signal only when a vehicle equipped with an in-vehicle device enters into or near a predetermined communication area, so that the infrastructure side system of the tollgate can be operated. The purpose is to reduce power consumption.

[0010]

In order to solve this problem, according to the present invention, one of a plurality of roadside units installed in a plurality of traffic lanes at a tollgate is used as a main roadside unit, and a main roadside unit antenna is transmitted and received. There are two beam shapes: a narrow-area communication beam shape that exchanges information for the toll collection procedure, and a wide-area beam shape that allows transmission and reception with all vehicles that enter the tollgate.
It is a beam forming antenna that satisfies the two requirements, and by connecting the roadside unit power supply control unit to the main roadside unit and all subordinate side units,
Detects a vehicle equipped with an in-vehicle device that enters the tollgate during wide-area transmission / reception, and determines the roadside unit power supply control unit according to the entry status of the vehicle equipped with the onboard device to the tollgate detected by the roadside device. It is configured to control the operation of the machine.

Accordingly, among a plurality of roadside machines at the tollgate,
Only the main roadside machine is constantly transmitting and receiving, and the remaining roadside machines will transmit and receive only according to the traveling of the vehicle, that is, only for the required period, and as a result, low power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate Can be obtained.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention relates to both an entrance toll gate and an exit toll gate at a place where a toll is generated due to traffic or parking of a vehicle, or a plurality of toll gates at one toll gate. An automatic toll collection system that automatically collects tolls using a roadside device installed for each lane and an in-vehicle device installed in a vehicle that bidirectionally communicates the necessary information with the roadside device. One of the plurality of roadside units installed as a main roadside unit, the remaining roadside unit as a sub-road side unit, the spatial area in which the transmission / reception beam shape of the sub-side unit antenna of the sub-side unit is limited. Of the main roadside antenna of the main roadside device is transmitted and received beam shape of the secondary roadside antenna and all the onboard devices that enter the tollgate. Wide area where communication is possible Two beam shapes capable of transmitting and receiving a range are provided, and a duplexer connected to the main roadside antenna, a receiving unit connected to the duplexer, a demodulation unit connected to the receiving unit, and the duplexer are provided. A connected roadside unit, a modulation unit connected to the transmission unit, a main roadside device CPU unit connected to the demodulation unit and the modulation unit, and connected to the main roadside device and all the subordinate roadside devices. A roadside machine power supply control unit for controlling ON / OFF of the power supply of the slave side machine, a main roadside machine, all the slave roadside machines, and a central processing unit connected to the roadside machine power supply control section are provided. It is an automatic toll collection roadside system, and when the onboard unit responds to the response request signal sent by the main roadside device in a wide area where communication with all onboard devices entering the tollgate is possible, the roadside device The power supply control unit turns on the power of all slave units. However, bidirectional communication can be performed with an on-vehicle device that passes through one of the toll lanes at the tollgate, and when the toll collection procedure is completed on any of the secondary roadside device or the main roadside device and the onboard device, By turning off the power supply of all the roadside machines, the roadside machines can be operated according to the traveling of the vehicle, and the power consumption of the infrastructure side system of the tollgate can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the main roadside machine has two main roadside machine transmission antennas and a main roadside machine reception antenna, and a transmitter connected to the main roadside machine transmission antenna,
A modulation unit connected to the transmission unit, a reception unit connected to the main roadside device reception antenna, a demodulation unit connected to the reception unit, and a main roadside device C connected to the modulation unit and the demodulation unit.
The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1, further comprising a PU unit, and having a main roadside device antenna dedicated for transmission and reception, thereby ensuring communication reliability by ensuring isolation of the main roadside device antenna. Can increase the
Further, there is an effect that the power consumption of the infrastructure side system of the tollgate can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the main roadside machine has two antennas, a narrow area transmission / reception antenna and a wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a narrow area communication duplexer connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna, A narrow area communication transmitter connected to the narrow area communication duplexer, a wide area communication duplexer connected to the wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a wide area communication transmitter connected to the wide area communication duplexer. A narrowband communication transmitter, a wideband communication transmitter connected to the modulator, the narrowband communication duplexer and the wideband communication duplexer connected to the signal synthesizer, 2. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1, further comprising: a receiver connected to the receiver, a demodulator connected to the receiver, and a main roadside CPU unit connected to the modulator and the demodulator. Yes, to easily change the transmission power between narrow and wide range In wide area transmission, it is possible to irradiate a transmission signal over a wide area with higher power, and on the narrow area side, it is possible to transmit with the optimum power for forming a beam according to a predetermined communication area, which enables highly accurate control. In addition, it has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the main roadside machine has two antennas, a narrow area transmission / reception antenna and a wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a switch connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna and the wide area transmission / reception antenna, and the switch. A shared device connected to the shared device, a narrow-area communication receiving unit and a wide-area communication receiving unit connected to the shared device, a narrow-area communication demodulating unit connected to the narrow-area communication receiving unit, and the wide-area communication Wide-area communication demodulation unit connected to the reception unit, a transmission unit connected to the duplexer, a modulation unit connected to the transmission unit, the short-range communication demodulation unit and the wide-area communication demodulation unit The roadside system for automatic toll collection according to claim 1, further comprising: a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the modulation unit according to a strength of a radio wave transmitted from an in-vehicle unit that changes depending on a distance from the main roadside unit. Cut into receivers with different sensitivities Obtain it in can increase the reliability of the communication, also has the effect of reducing power consumption of a tollgate infrastructure side system is achieved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the main roadside machine is provided with a transmission control section which is connected to the narrow area communication transmission section and the wide area communication transmission section and is controlled by the main roadside machine CPU section.
It is the automatic toll collection roadside system described, and the main roadside unit CPU has a narrow area communication transmission unit and a wide area communication transmission unit of the main roadside unit.
It becomes possible to individually control by the control of, and when detecting an approaching vehicle in a wide area, it is possible to stop the narrow area communication transmission unit, and conversely, during narrow area communication, it is possible to stop the wide area communication transmission unit. It has an effect of preventing deterioration of communication reliability due to interference due to narrow and wide area transmission beams and reducing power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the narrow area transmission / reception antenna of the main roadside device is separated into a narrow area transmission antenna and a narrow area reception antenna, and a narrow area communication duplexer is eliminated, and the narrow area transmission antenna is narrowed. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the narrow band receiving antenna is connected to a local communication transmitting unit, and the narrow band receiving antenna is connected to a signal combiner. It is possible to sufficiently secure the communication rate, improve the communication reliability, and reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

In a seventh aspect of the invention, the wide area transmitting / receiving antenna of the main roadside device is separated into a wide area transmitting antenna and a wide area receiving antenna, the wide area communication duplexer is eliminated, and the wide area transmitting antenna serves as a wide area communication transmitting section. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 3 or 5 or 6, which is connected and the wide area receiving antenna is connected to a signal combiner, wherein a sufficient isolation between a wide area communication transmitting system and a wide area receiving system is ensured. The communication reliability can be improved, and the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate can be reduced.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the main roadside machine has four antennas, a narrow area transmitting antenna, a narrow area receiving antenna, a wide area transmitting antenna and a wide area receiving antenna, and the main roadside unit is connected to the wide area transmitting antenna and transmits. An amplifier that outputs a signal,
A switch which is connected to the narrow band transmitting antenna and the amplifier and whose switching operation is controlled by a main roadside CPU unit, a transmitting unit which is connected to the switch, a modulating unit which is connected to the transmitting unit, and the wide area receiving unit. An antenna and a signal combiner connected to the narrow band receiving antenna, a receiver connected to the signal combiner, a demodulator connected to the receiver, and a modulator and a demodulator connected to the receiver. Main roadside machine C
The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1, further comprising a PU unit, capable of substantially equalizing the vehicle-type received power value in a new area near a wide area communication area distant from a main roadside machine. Also, it has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the infrastructure side system of the tollgate.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a time measuring section which is connected to the roadside machine power supply control section and presets the start of the measurement time by the central processing unit. It is a roadside system for automatic toll collection,
It is possible to operate the roadside device for a certain period of time after one in-vehicle device finishes the toll collection process, and it is possible to reliably carry out the toll collection process for the succeeding vehicles that continuously run. This also has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention, the main roadside machine is
Wide area transmission / reception antenna composed of a plurality of elements, duplexer connected to each element, receiving unit connected to each of the duplexers, mixer unit connected to each of the receiving units, and each mixer unit The direction of the in-vehicle device is detected from the A / D converter connected to the in-vehicle device, the memory unit connected to each of the A / D converters, and the transmission radio wave data of the in-vehicle device connected to all the memory units and stored in the memory units. This information is the main roadside antenna CP
A radio wave arrival direction detecting section to be transferred to the U section, and a phase and an amplitude of data stored in the memory section are changed so that a reception beam is formed in a wide area communication area connected to all the memory sections. Wide-area communication demodulator for demodulating received data, wide-area communication transmitter connected to all of the duplexers, and wide-area communication connected to the wide-area communication transmitter to output a modulation signal by the main roadside CPU section Modulation unit, a narrow band transmission / reception antenna, a narrow band communication duplexer connected to the narrow band transmission / reception antenna, a narrow band communication transmission unit connected to the narrow band communication duplexer, and the narrow band A modulation unit that is connected to the communication transmission unit and outputs a modulated signal to the transmission unit by the main roadside unit CPU unit, a narrow area communication reception unit that is connected to the narrow area communication duplexer, and the narrow area communication reception Output to the main roadside CPU An automatic toll collection for roadside system according to any of claims 3 to 6 and a demodulator,
It is possible to determine the traveling direction of the vehicle, and it becomes possible for the roadside unit power supply control unit to operate only the subordinate side devices located in the traveling direction, and the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate can be reduced. Have.

The invention according to claim 11 is a roadside installed at both an entrance toll gate and an exit toll gate at a place where a charge is generated due to traffic or parking of a vehicle, or a plurality of toll lanes at one of the toll gates. Automatic fee collection system that automatically collects fees using a vehicle and a vehicle-mounted device that is installed in a vehicle that bidirectionally communicates required information with the roadside device. Only one of the roadside units is a main roadside unit, the remaining roadside units are subordinate side units, and only the vehicle-mounted unit that moves in a spatial area in which the transmission / reception beam shape of the subside unit antenna of the subside unit is limited. It is assumed that communication is possible, and the main roadside unit antenna of the main roadside unit is composed of a beam forming antenna having an array structure composed of a plurality of elements, and a duplexer connected to each element and connected to each duplexer. With the receiver A demodulation unit connected to all the reception units to generate a demodulated signal by changing the phase and amplitude of each reception unit output, a transmission unit connected to each duplexer, and a transmission unit connected to all the transmission units A modulation unit, a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the demodulation unit and the modulation unit, a roadside unit power supply control unit connected to the main roadside unit and all the slave roadside units, and the main roadside unit, An automatic toll collection roadside system provided with all the slave roadside machines and a central processing unit connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit, and a phase of a transmission signal output to each element by the main roadside machine CPU unit. By controlling the transmission power by each transmitting unit, one main roadside antenna can realize the transmission beam shape for wide area communication and the transmission beam shape for narrow area communication. Machine side power supply control unit controls the slave side machine It becomes possible, an effect that power consumption of the tollgate infrastructure side system is achieved.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a time measuring unit which is connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit and presets the start of the measurement time by the central processing unit. It is a system, and one on-board device can keep the roadside device operating for a certain period after completing the toll collection process, ensuring the toll collection process for the succeeding vehicles that run continuously. It has the effect that it can be implemented.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the main roadside machine is
A main roadside antenna composed of a plurality of elements, a duplexer connected to each element, a receiver connected to each duplexer, a mixer unit connected to each receiver, and each mixer The direction of the vehicle-mounted device from the data of the transmission radio waves of the vehicle-mounted device that is connected to all the memory units and stored in the memory units. Main roadside antenna CPU
Radio wave direction-of-arrival detection unit to be transmitted to the memory unit and received data by changing the phase and amplitude of the data stored in the memory unit so that the received beam is formed in a specific area connected to all the memory units. 13. A demodulation unit that demodulates, a transmission unit that is connected to each of the duplexers, and a modulation unit that is connected to all the transmission units and that outputs a modulation signal by the main roadside CPU unit. This is an automatic toll collection roadside system that can determine the traveling direction of the vehicle, and the roadside machine power supply control unit can operate only the subordinate machine located in the traveling direction. This has the effect of reducing power consumption.

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
From FIG. 21, description will be made. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the vicinity of a toll gate when viewed from above when the automatic toll collection roadside system according to the present embodiment is applied to a toll road toll gate. Figure 1
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a subordinate side device, which wirelessly exchanges information relating to a toll collection procedure with an in-vehicle device 4 mounted on a vehicle 3 moving in a communication area 2 having a vehicle width direction of 3 m and a traveling direction of 4 m. The gantry 5 is installed at a height of several meters above each traffic lane. 6 is a main roadside device which is one of a plurality of roadside devices, and the main roadside device 6 has a transmission / reception beam shape that is composed of two beams that cover the communication area 2 and wide area communication area 7 of the traffic lane. There is. Reference numeral 8 denotes a roadside machine power supply control unit connected to the main roadside machine 6, and the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 controls the operation of the plurality of slave roadside machines 1 such as power ON / OFF control. Reference numeral 9 denotes a central processing unit that is connected to the secondary roadside device 1 and the main roadside device 6 and performs a fee collection procedure associated with traveling of the vehicle 3 based on information obtained by bidirectional communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4. In FIG. 1, traffic lanes E and F are lanes in which no roadside devices are installed, and vehicles without an onboard device enter the traffic lanes and perform a payment procedure by money.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the main roadside machine 6.
In FIG. 2, 11 is a main roadside antenna. The main roadside device antenna 11 has, for example, an array antenna structure composed of a plurality of elements, and by forming a power feeding structure that controls the electric field strength and phase to each element, two transmission / reception beams can be formed. . Reference numeral 12 is a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the central processing unit 9, which generates data necessary for transmission, and restores information from the vehicle-mounted device 4 from demodulated data and transfers it to the central processing unit 9. 13 is the main roadside CPU
The modulator 12 is connected to the unit 12 and is composed of a frequency converter and a switch. Reference numeral 14 is a transmitter connected to the modulator 13 and is composed of an amplifier. Reference numeral 15 is a shared device, which may be constituted by a switch or a circulator. 16 is a shared device 15
The receiving unit 17 is composed of an LNA (low noise amplifier) or the like connected to the receiver, and 17 is a demodulating unit which is composed of a mixer or a detector connected to the receiving unit.
Transfer to.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the slave side machine 1.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 18 is a sub-roadside device antenna, 19 is a sub-roadside device CPU unit, and the other configurations are the same as those of the main roadside device 6 shown in FIG.

The vehicle-mounted device 4 is also a wireless device having a modulator and a demodulator similar to the main road side device 6 and the sub roadside device 1, and is generally shown in FIG.
And the configuration shown in FIG. However, the in-vehicle device 4 has a card reader / writer unit for exchanging information with an IC card or a credit card used as an electronic wallet in order to electronically pay the toll.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. The power supply of all the slave roadside machines 1 is turned off by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8. The main roadside device 6 sends a response request signal at regular intervals to the main roadside device CPU unit 12, the modulation unit 13, the transmission unit 14, the duplexer 15, and the main roadside device antenna 11.
To send via. The response request signal transmitted from the main roadside device antenna 11 is applied to the communication area 2 and the wide area communication area 7 on the traffic lane C which is the corresponding lane.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a signal form of a communication method for automatically collecting a fee by performing bidirectional wireless communication. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 20 denotes a slot, which is composed of a serial digital data string of several hundred bits per slot. For communication between the main roadside device 6 and the vehicle-mounted device 4, a frame 24 is composed of a plurality of slots 20.
By repeatedly transmitting and receiving, predetermined information is exchanged. The first slot is an FCM (frame control message) slot 21 including a response request signal transmitted from the main roadside device 6, and the last slot is an ACK (ac) slot 23 including a response signal transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4. The remaining plurality of slots are MDC (message data channel) slots 22 containing bidirectional communication data between the main roadside device 6 and the vehicle-mounted device 4. ACK slot 2
The number 3 may be changed to the MDC slot 22 depending on the situation.

For example, if each slot is composed of 800 bits and the frame 24 is composed of four slots 20 and the transmission rate of 1 bit is 1 Mbps, the frame 24 has a time structure of about 3.2 milliseconds. . When the interval of each frame 24 is 0 second, the response request signal is
The communication area 2 and the wide area communication area 7 are irradiated at intervals of 3.2 milliseconds.

When the vehicle 3 equipped with the on-vehicle device 4 deviates from the main line and enters the toll gate, the on-vehicle device 4 receives the response request signal transmitted from the main roadside device 6 within the wide area communication area 7 and transmits the response signal. The ACK slot 23 is used to reply to the main roadside device 6. This response signal is sent to the main roadside antenna 11, the signal separator 15, the receiver 16, the demodulator 17, and the main roadside CPU 12.
The main roadside device 6 received via the main roadside device 6 receives information necessary for the vehicle-mounted device 4 using the MDC slot 22 in the next frame 24, the main roadside device CPU 12, the modulator 13, the transmitter 14, the duplexer 15, While transmitting via the main roadside antenna 11,
Necessary information is received from the vehicle-mounted device 4 using the MDC slot 22.

Upon receiving the response signal from the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, the main roadside device 6 makes the driver to enter a predetermined traffic lane for the automatic toll collection procedure to the vehicle-mounted device 4. Is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted device 4 and is output using the display speaker connected to the vehicle-mounted device 4, and the balance information in the IC card which is the electronic wallet of the vehicle-mounted device 4 is checked. Through this series of exchanges, the main roadside device CPU unit 12 can determine that the vehicle 3 equipped with the normal vehicle-mounted device 4 enters the tollgate.

Next, the main roadside machine CPU section 12 outputs a timing signal for turning on the power supplies of all the slave roadside machines 1 to the roadside machine power supply control section 8. Upon receiving this signal, the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 turns on the power supplies of all the slave roadside machines 1. All the slave roadside devices 1 and the main roadside devices 6 start preparation for two-way communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the communication area 2 for the toll collection procedure. Specifically, the transmission / reception method using the frame 24 composed of the plurality of slots 20 is used. The vehicle 3 equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 enters any one of the communication areas 2 and forms the communication area 2 with the sub-roadside device 1
Alternatively, information necessary for the toll collection procedure is exchanged with the main roadside machine 6, and the central processing unit 9 carries out the collection process.

In the toll collection process carried out by the central processing unit 9, for example, information is acquired from the vehicle-mounted device 4 to a bank account or the like held by the driver via the secondary roadside device 1 or the main roadside device 6, and the toll is concerned. By deducting from the course, or holding monetary information in an IC card of a predetermined format, and adding the function of reading and writing the information of this IC card to the in-vehicle device 4, the slave side device 1 or the main road side device The charge information is transmitted from the vehicle 6 to the vehicle-mounted device 4, and the vehicle-mounted device 4 receiving this information can perform the electronic payment procedure of reducing the predetermined amount from the IC card. Further, in the case of a mileage dependent toll road, the entrance side tollgate is used to send and store the entrance information to the vehicle-mounted device 4 by the follower side machine 1 or the main roadside machine 6, and the follower side machine 1 or main The roadside device 6 receives the entrance information from the vehicle-mounted device 4 to determine the traveling distance and the route, and electronically settles the toll.

Next, the central processing unit 9 outputs the timing at which the collection of the toll has been normally completed to the main roadside CPU unit 12. The main roadside CPU unit 12 that received this timing
Returns to the operation of detecting the entry of the vehicle 3 into the wide area communication area 7 again, and the roadside machine power supply control unit 8
It outputs a timing signal to turn off the power of the. Upon receiving this timing signal, the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 turns off the power supply of the slave roadside machine 1.

As described above, since the main roadside device 6 can detect the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, the period in which the vehicle 2 equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 is not running in the tollgate, Turn off the power to all slave side devices 1 except the main side device 6.
It is possible to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

In the above description, the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 controls the slave roadside machine 1 by the output of the main roadside machine CPU unit 12, but the central processing that receives the information of the main roadside machine CPU unit 12 is performed. Control timing information may be received from the device 9. In addition, as the control of the roadside machine power supply control unit 8,
Although the ON / OFF control of the power source of the slave side device 1 is performed as described above, when it takes time for the slave side device CPU section 19 to start up when the power source is turned on, for example, when the power source is turned on, the transmitting unit 14 or the receiving unit in the slave side device 1 receives the signal. Only the power source of the amplifier of the section 16 may be used.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 25 denotes a main roadside transmitter antenna, which can be realized by, for example, an array antenna structure composed of a plurality of elements, and has a power feeding structure for controlling the electric field strength and phase to each element (embodiment). It is possible to form two types of transmission beams of the communication area 2 and the wide area communication area 7 described in 1). Reference numeral 26 is a main roadside receiving antenna, which can form two receiving beams by similarly controlling the electric field strength and phase to each element in an array structure. Reference numeral 12 is a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the central processing unit 9 and the roadside unit power supply control unit 8. The central processing unit 12 generates data necessary for transmission and restores information from the onboard unit 4 from demodulated data. Transfer to 9. Reference numeral 13 is a modulation unit which is connected to the main roadside CPU unit 12 and is composed of a frequency converter and a switch. 14 is a transmission unit which is connected to the modulation unit 13 and is composed of an amplifier and is output to the main roadside transmission antenna 25. . Reference numeral 16 is a receiving unit composed of an LNA or the like connected to the main roadside device receiving antenna 26, and 17 is a demodulation unit composed of a mixer or a detector connected to the receiving unit and transfers the output to the main roadside unit CPU unit 12. To do.

The present embodiment having the above configuration will be described below. The main roadside machine 6 irradiates radio waves to the communication area 2 and the wide area communication area 7 via the main roadside machine transmission antenna 25 according to the transmission signal generated by the main roadside machine CPU 12. The radio wave transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4 mounted on the vehicle moving in the communication area 2 or the wide area communication area 7 is received by the main roadside device reception antenna 26.
The received signal is transmitted to the main roadside unit CPU unit 12 via the receiving unit 16 and the demodulating unit 17. Specific procedures for collecting toll charges and control of the slave roadside device 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

By separating the antenna of the main roadside unit 6 into the main roadside unit transmitting antenna 25 and the main roadside unit receiving antenna 26 as described above, transmission / reception isolation is ensured and the transmission beam shape and the reception beam shape are It is possible to mold them individually, so that it is possible to enhance the communication reliability between the vehicle-mounted device 4 and the main roadside device 6, and to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

The configuration of the slave side machine 1 is as shown in FIG.
A configuration having two antennas, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, may be used.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 27 denotes a narrow area transmission / reception antenna in which a transmission / reception beam is formed so that wireless communication can be performed only with the vehicle-mounted device 4 mounted on the vehicle 3 moving in the communication area 2, and 28 is connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna 25. The narrow-range communication sharer, 29 is a narrow-range communication transmitter connected to the narrow-range communication sharer 28, and 30 is only the vehicle-mounted device 4 mounted on the vehicle 3 moving in the wide-range communication area 7. A wide area transmission / reception antenna in which a transmission / reception beam is formed to enable wireless communication, 31 is a wide area communication duplexer connected to the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30, and 32 is a wide area communication duplexer 31.
The wide-area communication transmitter 13 connected to the reference numeral 13 is a modulator connected to the narrow-area communication transmitter 29 and the wide-area communication transmitter 32.
Reference numeral 3 is a signal combiner connected to the short-range communication duplexer 28 and the short-range communication sharer 31.

This embodiment will be described below with the above configuration. Narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna 27 and wide area transmitting / receiving antenna 3
If the transmission power from 0 is the same, depending on the distance and directional characteristics,
The vehicle-mounted device 4 can receive only extremely low power in the wide area communication area 7 as compared to in the communication area 2. When priority is given to normal transmission / reception in the wide area communication area 7 and the reception sensitivity of the vehicle-mounted device 4 is set, when entering the communication area 2, the vehicle-mounted device 4 receives weak transmission radio waves from a plurality of roadside devices. It has the potential to become a factor that hinders normal communication. Therefore, it is desirable that the received power value from the main roadside device 6 of the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the wide area communication area 7 and the communication area 2 be approximately the same.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, it has two transmitters, that is, a transmitter for wide area communication 32 and a transmitter for narrow area communication 29, and the transmission power of the transmitter for wide area communication 32 is the transmitter for narrow area communication. 29
By setting it higher, it is possible to make the received power values of the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the wide area communication area 7 and the communication area 2 approximately the same. Specific procedures for collecting toll charges and control of the slave roadside device 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

With the above-described configuration, the main roadside device 6 satisfies the proper received power for the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, and the vehicle 2 equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 is mainly used. Even if the roadside device 6 moves within the communication area 2 under its jurisdiction, the main roadside device 6 can perform two-way communication without erroneous communication with other slave roadside devices 1, and the infrastructure side system of the tollgate can operate. Low power consumption can be achieved.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 7, 27 is a narrow area transmission / reception antenna, 30 is a wide area transmission / reception antenna, 34 is a switch which is connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna 27 and the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30 and whose switching operation is controlled by the main roadside CPU unit 12, and 35 is a switch 34. A circulator may be used as a shared device connected to. 12
Is a main roadside unit CPU unit, 13 is a modulator unit connected to the main roadside unit CPU unit 12, and 14 is a duplexer connected to the modulator unit 13.
5, 36 is a narrow area communication receiver connected to the duplexer 35, 37 is a narrow area communication connected to the narrow area communication receiver 36, and outputs the demodulation result to the main roadside CPU 12 Demodulation unit, 38 is connected to the shared device 35 and has a wide area communication reception unit having a higher receiving sensitivity than the narrow area communication reception unit 36, and 39 is connected to the wide area communication reception unit 38 and is demodulated by the main roadside unit CPU unit 12. Is a demodulation unit for short-range communication that outputs

The present embodiment having the above configuration will be described below. Due to the distance and directional characteristics, the radio wave transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4 received by the main roadside device 6 is lower in the wide area communication area 7 than in the communication area 2. The main roadside CPU unit 12
In the case of transmitting and receiving with the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the wide area communication area 7, the switch 34 is operated so that the wide area transmitting / receiving antenna 30 and the duplexer 35 are connected, and the modulator 13, the transmitter 14, the duplexer 35, the switch 34, Via the wide area communication antenna 30,
The wide area communication area 7 is irradiated. The transmission signal from the vehicle-mounted device 4 is amplified by the wide-area communication reception unit 38 having high reception sensitivity,
After being demodulated by the wide area communication demodulation unit 39, the main roadside CPU
Acquired in part 12.

Next, when transmitting / receiving to / from the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the communication area 2, the main roadside device CPU section 12 operates the switch 34 so that the narrow area transmission / reception antenna 27 and the duplexer 35 are connected, and The demodulation data is acquired from the short-range communication demodulation unit 36 that demodulates the reception signal amplified by the short-range communication reception unit 35. Regarding the specific toll collection procedure and the control of the slave roadside machine 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8,
The method is described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

With the above configuration, the main roadside device 6 can demodulate even weak radio waves from the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, and the infrastructure side of the tollgate The power consumption of the system can be reduced. By setting the transmission speed of the wireless communication between the main roadside device 6 and the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the wide area communication area 7 to be slower than that in the communication area 2, a narrow band signal can be used and, as a result, the noise band is reduced. It is possible to reduce the reception sensitivity and further improve the reception sensitivity.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. 8 is different from FIG. 6 in that a transmission control unit 40 is provided which is connected to the short-range communication transmission unit 29 and the wide-area communication transmission unit 32 and whose operation is controlled by the main roadside machine CPU unit 12.

When communicating with the vehicle-mounted device 4 which is moving in the wide area communication area 7, the transmission control unit 40 causes the narrow area communication transmission unit 29 to be turned on by the timing generated by the main roadside unit CPU unit 12.
Set to FF. Specifically, this can be achieved by turning off the power amplifier in the short-range communication transmission unit 29. As a result, no radio wave is transmitted from the narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna 27, and as a result, the communication area 2 is not irradiated with the response request signal.

Next, the main roadside unit CPU section 12 detects the response of the response request signal from the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30 after the vehicle-mounted unit 4 mounted on the vehicle 3 that has entered the wide area communication area 7 detects the second response. To the transmission control unit 40. The transmission control unit 4 which has received the second timing signal
0 turns off the power amplifier in the wide area communication transmitter 32.
In addition to turning on the power amplifier in the narrow area communication transmitting unit 29 to stop the irradiation of the radio wave to the wide area communication area 7 and to irradiate the radio wave to the narrow area communication area 2 in reverse, The vehicle-mounted device 4 and the main roadside device 6 mounted on the vehicle 3 moving in the area can communicate with each other via the narrow area transmission / reception antenna 27. Specific procedures for collecting toll charges and control of the slave roadside device 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

As described above, the main roadside device 6 controls the irradiation of the radio waves from the narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna 27 and the wide area transmitting / receiving antenna 30 in accordance with the movement of the vehicle-mounted device 4, thereby causing interference between the narrow and wide area transmitting beams. It is possible to prevent the communication reliability from being deteriorated due to the above, and to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 41 designates a narrow-range transmitting antenna in which a transmission beam is shaped so that wireless communication can be performed only with the vehicle-mounted device 4 mounted in the vehicle 3 moving in the communication area 2, and 42 moves in the communication area 2. Vehicle 3
The narrow-band receiving antenna in which the receiving beam is shaped so that wireless communication can be performed only with the in-vehicle device 4 mounted on the device 30, 30 is a wide area transmitting / receiving antenna, 31 is a wide area communication duplexer connected to the wide area transmitting / receiving antenna 30, 32 Is a sharing device 31 for wide area communication
Connected to the wide-area communication transmitting unit, 29 is a narrow-area communication transmitting unit connected to the narrow-area transmitting antenna 41, 13 is a wide-area communication transmitting unit 32 and a modulation unit connected to the narrow-area receiving antenna 42, 33 Is a signal combiner connected to the wide area transmitting / receiving antenna 30 and the narrow range receiving antenna 42, 16 is a receiving unit connected to the signal combining unit 33, 17 is a demodulating unit connected to the receiving unit 16, and 12 is a modulating unit 13. It is a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the demodulation unit 17.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. Since the information communicated by the automatic fee collection system is information relating to fees, a highly reliable wireless communication method is required. Although the short-range communication duplexer 28 in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 has an isolation of several tens of dB, a part of the transmission signal leaks to the receiving system, which becomes a factor of degrading the receiving sensitivity.

As shown in FIG. 9, the narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna 2
By separating 7 into the narrow band transmitting antenna 41 and the narrow band receiving antenna 42, it becomes possible to improve the isolation characteristic more than the characteristic of the narrow band communication duplexer 28. Specific procedures for collecting toll charges and control of the slave roadside device 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

With the above configuration, the communication reliability between the vehicle-mounted device 4 and the main roadside device 6 moving in the communication area 2 can be improved, and the low consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate. Electricity can be achieved.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. 43 in FIG.
Is a wide-area transmitting antenna in which a transmission beam is formed so that wireless communication can be performed only with the vehicle-mounted device 4 mounted on the vehicle 3 moving in the wide-area communication area 7, and 44 is provided in the vehicle 3 moving in the wide-area communication area 7. A wide-area receiving antenna in which a reception beam is shaped so that wireless communication is possible only with the on-vehicle device 4 mounted, 41 is a narrow-area transmitting antenna, 42 is a narrow-area receiving antenna, and 32 is a wide-area connected to the wide-area transmitting antenna 43. A communication transmitter, 29 is a narrow-area communication transmitter connected to the narrow-area transmitting antenna 41, 13 is a wide-area communication transmitter 32 and a modulator is connected to the narrow-area communication transmitter 29, and 33 is wide-area reception. A signal combiner connected to the antenna 44 and the narrow-band receiving antenna 42; 16 a receiver connected to the signal combiner 33;
Is a demodulation unit connected to the reception unit, and 12 is a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the modulation unit 13 and the demodulation unit 17.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. As shown in FIG. 10, the wide area transmission / reception antenna 3
By separating 0 into the wide area transmitting antenna 43 and the wide area receiving antenna 44, it is possible to satisfy the isolation characteristic more than the characteristic of the wide area communication duplexer 31 in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. The high wireless communication method becomes possible. Specific procedures for collecting toll charges and control of the slave roadside device 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

With the above configuration, the communication reliability between the vehicle-mounted device 4 and the main roadside device 6 moving in the wide area communication area 7 can be improved, and the infrastructure side system at the tollgate is low. Power consumption can be reduced.

(Embodiment 8) FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. 43 in FIG.
Is a wide area transmitting antenna, 44 is a wide area receiving antenna, 41 is a narrow area transmitting antenna, 42 is a narrow area receiving antenna, 62 is an amplifier which outputs a transmission signal to the wide area transmitting antenna 43, 61
Is a switch which is connected to the narrow band transmission antenna 41 and the amplifier 62 and whose switching operation is controlled by the main roadside CPU section 12, 14 is a transmission section which is connected to the switch 61, 13
Is a modulator connected to the transmitter, and 33 is a wide area reception antenna 4
4 and a signal synthesizer connected to the narrow-band receiving antenna 42, 1
Reference numeral 6 is a receiving unit connected to the signal synthesizer 33, 17 is a demodulating unit connected to the receiving unit, and 12 is a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the modulating unit 13 and the demodulating unit 17.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. The main roadside CPU unit 12 has a wide area communication area 7
The wide area transmitting antenna 3
The switch 61 is operated so that the amplifier 62 that outputs a transmission signal to 0 and the transmitter 14 are connected to each other, and the wide area communication area is provided via the modulator 13, the transmitter 14, the switch 61, the amplifier 62, and the wide area communication antenna 30. 7 is irradiated with the transmission radio wave. The radio wave transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the wide-area communication area 7 is acquired by the main roadside unit CPU unit 12 via the wide-area reception antenna 44, the signal synthesizer 33, the reception unit 16, and the demodulation unit 17.

Next, when transmitting / receiving to / from the vehicle-mounted device 4 in the communication area 2, when the main roadside CPU section 12 operates the switch 61 so that the narrow area transmission / reception antenna 27 and the transmission section 14 are connected, 2 is irradiated with a transmission radio wave, and demodulated data is acquired via the narrow-band receiving antenna 42, the signal combiner 33, the receiving unit 16, and the demodulating unit 17.

The transmission power generated by the transmission unit 14 can be increased by the amplifier 62 from the wide area transmission antenna 43 as compared with the narrow area transmission antenna 42, and the wide area communication with the distance from the main roadside device 6 is increased. Communication area 2 close to area 7
The received power value of the vehicle-mounted device 4 can be made approximately the same. Specific procedures for collecting toll charges and control of the slave roadside device 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 1).

With the above configuration, the main roadside device 6 satisfies the appropriate received power for the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, and the vehicle 2 equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 is mainly used. Even if the roadside device 6 moves within the communication area 2 under its jurisdiction, the main roadside device 6 can perform two-way communication without erroneous communication with other slave roadside devices 1, and the infrastructure side system of the tollgate can operate. Low power consumption can be achieved.

(Ninth Embodiment) FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the vicinity of a tollgate when viewed from above when the automatic toll collection roadside system according to this embodiment is applied to a tollgate on a toll road. . 12 is different from FIG. 1 in that a time measuring unit 45 connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 and the central processing unit 9 is provided, and the output of the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 is newly added to the main roadside machine 6. Is also connected.

As described in (Embodiment 1), the main roadside unit 6 bidirectionally communicates with the vehicle-mounted unit 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, and the roadside unit power supply control unit 8 controls the slave side unit 1. Outputs the power-on timing. The vehicle 2 equipped with the on-vehicle device 4 passes through the communication area 2 of either the sub-road side device 1 or the main road side device 6 whose power is turned on, and the procedure for collecting the traveling charge is performed.

After the charge collection is completed, the central processing unit 9 outputs a preset signal to the time measuring section 45. The time measuring unit 45 which has received this preset signal measures a preset time, for example, 60 seconds, based on this preset signal. The time measuring unit 45 outputs the measurement end timing of the set time to the roadside machine power supply control unit 8, and the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 synchronizes with this timing.
The main roadside device 6 continuously outputs a response request signal in order to detect the entry of a new vehicle-mounted device 4 into the wide area communication area 7 again while turning off the power of the device.

The central processing unit 9 outputs the preset signal to the time measuring unit 45 again when the charge collection procedure with the new vehicle-mounted device 4 is performed while the time measuring unit 45 measures the time. To do. The time measurement unit 45 resets the measurement time by this preset signal and restarts the time measurement operation from zero.

As described above, the secondary roadside device 1 and the main roadside device 6 can communicate with the in-vehicle device 4 moving in the communication area 2 for a certain period after the charge collection procedure with the in-vehicle device 4 is completed. Even if there is a succeeding vehicle that runs continuously, it is possible to reliably carry out the toll collection procedure for the succeeding vehicle and reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate. Can be achieved.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine 6 in the present embodiment. In FIG.
Reference numeral 30 denotes a wide area transmission / reception antenna, 46 (n) is an element constituting the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30, and 47 (n) is each element 46.
(N) is a duplexer, 48 (n) is each duplexer 47
(N) is connected to each receiving unit, and 49 (n) is each receiving unit 4
A mixer connected every 8 (n), 50 (n) is an AD converter connected for each mixer 49 (n), 51 (n) is a memory connected for each AD converter 50 (n) , 32 is a transmitter for wide area communication connected to all the duplexers 47 (n), 58 is a modulator for wide area communication connected to the transmitter for wide area communication 32, 27 is a narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna, and 28 is a narrow area. Narrow-band communication signal separator connected to the local transmission / reception antenna 27, 2
Reference numeral 9 is a narrow-area communication transmitter connected to the narrow-area communication sharer 28, 59 is a narrow-area communication modulator connected to the narrow-area communication transmitter 29, and 35 is a narrow-area communication sharer 28. The connected short-range communication reception unit, 37 is the short-range communication demodulation unit connected to the short-range communication reception unit 35, and 52 is the on-vehicle device connected to the memory unit 51 (n) and stored in the memory unit. A radio wave arrival direction detection unit that detects the direction of the vehicle-mounted device from the data of the transmission radio wave by signal processing, and 39 is connected to the memory unit 51 (n) and each memory unit 51 is formed so that a reception beam is formed in the wide area communication area 7.
A wide-area communication demodulation unit that demodulates received data by changing the phase and amplitude of the data stored in (n), and 12 a radio wave arrival direction detection unit 52, a short-range communication modulation unit 59, and a short-range communication demodulation. It is a main roadside machine CPU section connected to the section 59 and the wide area communication demodulation section 39.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. As described in (Embodiment 1), the main roadside device 6 continuously transmits the response request signal to the wide area communication area 7 by the wide area communication modulator 58, the wide area communication transmitter 32, and the duplexer 47.
(N), the data is transmitted via the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30. The vehicle-mounted device 4 that has moved into the wide area communication area 7 transmits a response signal corresponding to the response request signal to the main roadside device 6. The series of radio waves transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4 is transmitted / received by the wide area transmission / reception antenna 3
It is received at the same time by the elements 46 (n) forming 0. The radio wave received by the element 46 (n) passes through the duplexer 47 (n), is limited to a desired frequency band by the receiving unit 48 (n), and is amplified in voltage by the mixer unit 49 (n). The signal is down-converted to a low frequency band signal, and the AD converter 5
At 0 (n), it is converted into a digital signal with a predetermined quantization accuracy and stored in the memory unit 51 (n). Memo part 51
The received data stored in (n) is used for the wide area communication demodulation unit 3
At 9, the reception beam is shaped into a demodulated signal while changing the phase and amplitude so as to be shaped, and transferred to the main roadside unit CPU unit 12 to obtain the information transmitted by the onboard unit 4 and It is possible to communicate with other parties.

The digital signal stored in the memory section 51 (n) is transferred to the wide area communication demodulation section 39 and also to the radio wave arrival direction detection section 52. The radio wave direction-of-arrival detection unit 52 determines the correlation while considering the phase relationship between the data of each element 46 (n) and performs the signal processing by the eigenvalue expansion of the correlation matrix, so that the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30 is mounted on the vehicle. The direction of arrival of the radio wave from the machine 4 is obtained. Specifically, for example, IEEE Trans. , Vol.
AP-34, No. 3, pp276-280 (198
"Multiple Emitt" described in 6)
er Location and Signal Pa
It can be obtained by signal processing as disclosed in “Rammeter Estimation”.

The main roadside device 6 detects, with the radio wave arrival direction detecting section 52, a change in the arrival direction with time based on the transmission signal from the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7. From the movement over time in the arrival direction, the main roadside machine CPU unit 12 estimates the traffic lane into which the vehicle 3 equipped with the onboard machine 4 enters, and turns on the power of the estimation result and the slave roadside machine 1. The timing is transferred to the roadside machine power supply control unit 8.

Roadside machine power supply control unit 8, main roadside machine CPU
From the estimation result of the traffic lane where the vehicle 3 of the section 12 enters,
Only the slave side machine 1 on the estimated traffic lane or only the plurality of slave side machines 1 including the slave side machines 1 near the slave side machine 1 are turned on.

When the vehicle 3 enters the communication area 2 of the main roadside unit 6, the narrow area transmission antenna 27, the narrow area communication duplexer 28, the narrow area communication transmitting section 29, and the narrow area communication modulating section. 5
9, bidirectional wireless communication is performed with the vehicle-mounted device 4 via the narrow-area communication receiving unit 35 and the short-range communication demodulating unit 37.

As described above, the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 traveling in the wide area communication area 7 can be estimated by the radio wave arrival direction detecting section 52 of the main roadside machine 6, and the roadside machine power supply control section 8 can be estimated from the estimation result. It is possible to operate only a specific slave side device 1, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

In the above description, the wide area transmission / reception antenna 3 is used.
Although 0 is an array antenna for both transmission and reception, an antenna for separate transmission and reception may be used.

(Embodiment 11) FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine in the present embodiment. In FIG. 14, 1
1 is a main roadside unit antenna, 46 (n) is an element constituting the main roadside unit antenna 11, 47 (n) is a duplexer connected to each element 46 (n), and 48 (n) is each duplexer 47 ( n is connected to the receiving unit 48, and the receiving unit 17 is connected to the receiving unit 48 (n) and stored in each memory unit 51 (n) so that a reception beam is formed in the wide area communication area 7 or the communication area 2. A demodulation section that changes the phase and amplitude of the received data to demodulate the received data, 53 (n) is a transmission section connected to each duplexer 47 (n), and 13 is a transmission section 53 (n). The connected modulator, 12 is a modulator 13, a demodulator 17, and a receiver 48.
(N) and the main unit CPU connected to the transmitter 53 (n)
Reference numeral 8 denotes a roadside machine power supply control unit connected to the main roadside machine 6. The roadside machine power supply control unit 8 controls the operation of a plurality of slave roadside machines 1 (not shown) such as power ON / OFF control. Do. Reference numeral 9 is connected to the secondary roadside device 1 and the main roadside device 6, and the vehicle 2
It is a central processing unit that performs the procedure of collecting tolls associated with traveling. A schematic diagram of the vicinity of a tollgate when the automatic toll collection system is applied to a tollgate on a toll road is the same as FIG. 1.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. First, the sub-roadside machine 1 is turned off by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8. Main roadside CPU
The section 12 controls the phase and amplitude of the transmission signal of the transmission section 53 corresponding to each element 46 so that the transmission beam of the main roadside antenna 11 is irradiated to the wide area communication area 7, and transmits the response request signal at regular intervals. Transmission is performed via the main roadside CPU 12, the modulator 13, the transmitter 53, the duplexer 47, and the main roadside antenna 11. That is, the response request signal transmitted from the main roadside antenna 11 is applied only to the wide area communication area 7.

When the vehicle 3 equipped with the on-vehicle device 4 deviates from the main line and enters the toll gate, the on-vehicle device 4 receives the response request signal transmitted from the main roadside device 6 within the wide area communication area 7 and transmits the response signal. The ACK slot 23 is used to reply to the main roadside device 6. The response signal and the two-way communication signal transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4 are the elements 46 (n) forming the main roadside antenna 11.
Will be received at the same time. The radio wave received by the element 46 (n) is output to the receiving unit 48 (n) via the duplexer 47 (n). The main roadside CPU section 12 changes the phase of each receiving section 48 (n) and the amplitude of the received signal so that a reception beam is formed in the wide area communication area 7, and obtains a demodulated signal from the demodulation section 17. By this series of exchanges, the main roadside CPU unit 12
Can determine that the vehicle 3 equipped with the normal vehicle-mounted device 4 enters the tollgate.

Next, the main roadside machine CPU unit 12 outputs a timing signal for turning on the power supply of the roadside machine power supply control unit 8. Upon receiving this signal, the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 turns on the power supplies of all the slave roadside machines 1. All the slave roadside devices 1 and the main roadside devices 6 start preparation for two-way communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the communication area 2 for the toll collection procedure. Further, the main roadside device 6 controls the phase and amplitude of the transmission signal in the transmitting unit 53 corresponding to each element 46 so that the transmission beam of the main roadside device antenna 11 is irradiated to the communication area 2, and the communication is performed. The demodulation signal is obtained from the demodulation unit 17 by changing the phase of each reception unit 48 (n) and the amplitude of the reception signal so that the reception beam is formed in the area 2.

The vehicle 3 equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 enters one of the communication areas 2 and receives the information necessary for the toll collection procedure together with the sub-road side device 1 or the main road-side device 6 forming the communication area 2. The central processing unit 9 carries out the exchange and the collection processing is carried out.

The central processing unit 9 outputs the timing at which the toll collection is completed normally to the main roadside CPU section 12. The main roadside CPU unit 12 that has received this timing
It returns to the operation of detecting the entry of the vehicle 3 into the wide area communication area 7 again, and outputs the timing signal for turning off the power supply of the slave roadside machine 1 to the roadside machine power supply control unit 8. Upon receiving this timing signal, the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 turns off the power supply of the slave roadside machine 1.

As described above, since the main roadside device 6 can detect the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the wide area communication area 7, the period in which the vehicle 2 equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 is not running in the tollgate, Turn off the power to all slave side devices 1 except the main side device 6.
It is also possible to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

(Embodiment 12) FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine in the present embodiment. In FIG. 15, FIG.
4 is that a roadside power supply control unit 8 and a time measuring unit 45 connected to the central processing unit 9 are provided. The time measuring unit 45 has the function described in the ninth embodiment.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the vicinity of the tollgate when the automatic toll collection system is applied to the tollgate on a toll road.
Same as 2.

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. As described in (Embodiment 11), the vehicle-mounted device 4 and the main roadside device 6 or the subordinate roadside device 1 perform wireless bidirectional communication, and the toll collection procedure is processed. The operation and function of the time measuring unit 45 are the same as those described in (Embodiment 9). Therefore, for a certain period of time after the end of the fee collection procedure with the vehicle-mounted device 4, the slave-side device can continue the state of being able to communicate with the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the corresponding communication area 2, and the continuous running Even if there is a vehicle, it is possible to reliably carry out the toll collection procedure for the succeeding vehicle, and to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

(Embodiment 13) FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine in the present embodiment. In FIG. 13, 1
1 is a main roadside unit antenna, 46 (n) is an element constituting the main roadside unit antenna 11, 47 (n) is a duplexer connected to each element 46 (n), and 48 (n) is each duplexer 47 ( receivers connected for each n), 49 (n) is each receiver 48 (n)
Mixers connected for each, 50 (n) is each mixer 49
AD converters connected for each (n), 51 (n) for each AD
Memory unit connected to each converter 50 (n), 53
(N) is a transmitter connected to each duplexer 47 (n), 1
3 is a modulator connected to all the transmitters 53 (n), 17
Is connected to the receiving unit 48 (n) and changes the phase and amplitude of the data stored in each memory unit 51 (n) so that the reception beam is shaped in the wide area communication area 7 or the communication area 2. A demodulation unit that demodulates the received data, a radio wave arrival direction detection unit 52 that detects the direction of the vehicle-mounted device by signal processing from the data of the transmitted radio waves of the vehicle-mounted device that is connected to the memory unit 51 (n) and is stored in the memory unit. 12 is a modulator 13 and a demodulator 17
And a main roadside CPU unit connected to the receiving unit 48 (n) and the transmitting unit 53 (n).

The present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. The main roadside device CPU unit 12 controls the phase and amplitude of the transmission signal of the transmission unit 53 corresponding to each element 46 so that the transmission beam of the main roadside device antenna 11 is irradiated to the wide area communication area 7, and the response request signal. Main roadside device CP at regular intervals
Transmission is performed via the U unit 12, the modulation unit 13, the transmission unit 53, the duplexer 47, and the main roadside antenna 11. That is, the response request signal transmitted from the main roadside antenna 11 is the wide area communication area 7
It is irradiated only inside.

In-vehicle unit 4 moving into wide area communication area 7
Transmits a response signal corresponding to the response request signal to the main roadside device 6. A series of radio waves transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 4 are simultaneously received by the element 46 (n) of the main roadside device antenna 11. The radio wave received by the element 46 (n) passes through the duplexer 47 (n), and is limited to a desired frequency band by the receiving unit 48 (n) or voltage-amplified while being mixed by the mixer unit 4 (n).
9 (n), the signal is down-converted into a low frequency band signal, the AD converter 50 (n) converts it into a digital signal with a predetermined quantization accuracy, and the signal is stored in the memory unit 51 (n). The reception data stored in the memory unit 51 (n) is converted into a demodulation signal while changing the phase and amplitude so that the reception beam is shaped in the wide area communication area 7 in the demodulation unit 17,
The information transmitted by the vehicle-mounted device 4 after being transferred to the main roadside device CPU unit 12 can be obtained, and bidirectional communication becomes possible.

The digital signal stored in the memory section 51 (n) is transferred to the demodulation section 17 and also to the radio wave arrival direction detection section 52. The function of the radio wave arrival direction detection unit 52 shown in FIG. 16 is the same as the function described in the tenth embodiment. That is, the vehicle-mounted device 4 that is moving in the wide area communication area 7
From the received signal from the radio wave arrival direction detecting unit 52,
Can be estimated, and the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 can operate a specific slave roadside machine 1 according to the traveling direction estimation result.

The main roadside unit 6 is the main roadside unit antenna 1
The transmitting unit 53 corresponding to each element 46 controls the phase and amplitude of the transmission signal so that the transmission beam 1 of 1 irradiates the communication area 2, and the reception beam is formed in the communication area 2 as well. The phase of each receiver 48 (n) and the amplitude of the received signal are changed so that the demodulated signal is obtained from the demodulator 17. Specific procedures for collecting toll fees and control of the slave roadside machine 1 by the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 are performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 11).

As described above, the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 traveling in the wide area communication area 7 can be estimated by the radio wave arrival direction detection section 52 of the main roadside machine 6, and the roadside machine power supply control section 8 can be estimated from the estimation result. It is possible to operate only the specific slave side device 1, and it is also possible to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

(Embodiment 14) FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the vicinity of a tollgate when viewed from above when the automatic toll collection roadside system in this embodiment is applied to a tollgate on a toll road. . In FIG. 17, reference numeral 54 denotes a plurality of roadside units that bidirectionally communicate with the vehicle-mounted device 4 installed in the vehicle 3 that is installed in the gantry 5 at the tollgate and that moves in the communication area 2, and 55 denotes a vehicle that moves in the wide area communication area 7. The notice antenna device for two-way communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4 mounted on the vehicle 3 is connected to the roadside device 54 and the notice antenna device 55, and the information 9 obtained from the two-way communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4 accompanies the traveling of the vehicle 3. It is a central processing unit that performs toll collection procedures. Reference numeral 8 denotes a roadside machine power supply control unit connected to the advance notice antenna device 55 and the central processing unit. The roadside machine power supply control unit 8 controls the operation of the plurality of roadside machines 54, for example, ON / OFF control of the power supply. Figure 1
In FIG. 7, the traffic lanes E and F are lanes in which no roadside devices are installed, and the vehicle 3 not equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 4 enters this traffic lane and performs payment procedure by money.

FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram of the roadside machine 54, which may have the same configuration as the main roadside machine 6 shown in FIG.
In FIG. 18, 57 is a roadside unit antenna, and 60 is a roadside unit CPU unit connected to the central processing unit 9, which generates data necessary for transmission and restores information from the onboard unit 4 from demodulated data to perform central processing. It is transferred to the device 9. Reference numeral 13 denotes a modulator connected to the roadside CPU unit 60 and including a frequency converter and a switch. Reference numeral 14 denotes a transmitter connected to the modulator 13 and includes an amplifier. Reference numeral 15 is a shared device, which may be constituted by a switch or a circulator. Reference numeral 16 is a receiving unit configured by an LNA or the like connected to the duplexer 15, and 17 is a demodulating unit configured by a mixer or a detector connected to the receiving unit, and transfers the output to the roadside unit CPU unit 60.

FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of the advance notice antenna device 55, which may be the same as the configuration of the roadside unit 54 shown in FIG. In FIG. 19, 56 is a notice antenna, 61
Is a notice antenna device CPU unit 19, and other configurations are the same as the configurations and functions of the roadside unit 54 shown in FIG.

The notice antenna device 55 is the notice antenna 5
A transmission / reception beam 6 is formed to enable bidirectional wireless communication only with the vehicle-mounted device 4 entering the wide area communication area 7. When the advance notice antenna device 55 detects the vehicle-mounted device 4 that has entered the wide area communication area 7, it outputs a timing signal to the roadside device power supply control unit 8. Upon receiving this timing signal, the roadside unit power supply control unit 8 controls all the roadside units 54.
Then, the power of is turned on so that communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving into the communication area 2 is possible. The vehicle 3 equipped with the in-vehicle device 4 enters one of the traffic lanes, and
4 exchanges information wirelessly with the vehicle-mounted device 4 to perform a fee collection procedure. When the toll collection procedure is completed, the roadside unit power supply control unit 8 determines that all the roadside units 5
Turn off the power of 4. The specific toll collection procedure is performed by the method described in detail in (Embodiment 11).

As described above, the warning antenna device 55 can detect the vehicle 3 entering the tollgate, and the roadside unit power supply control unit 8 turns on all the roadside units 54 to turn on the tollgate. In-vehicle device 4 passing through one of the traffic lanes
It is possible to perform two-way communication with the roadside machine 54, and the roadside machine 54 can be operated according to the traveling of the vehicle 3, and the power consumption of the infrastructure side system of the tollgate can be reduced.

In the above description, the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 controls the roadside machine 54 by the output of the announcement antenna device 55, but the control timing information may be received from the central processing unit 9. Further, as the control of the roadside machine power supply control section 8, the ON / OFF control of the power supply of the entire roadside machine 54 is performed, but the slave side machine CPU when the power is turned on is described.
If it takes a long time for the unit 19 to start up, only the power supply for the amplifiers of the transmission unit 14 and the reception unit 16 in the roadside device 54 may be used.

(Embodiment 15) FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the vicinity of a tollgate when viewed from above when the automatic toll collection roadside system in this embodiment is applied to a tollgate on a toll road. . 20 is different from FIG. 17 in that a time measuring unit 45 connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit 8 and the central processing unit 9 is provided. As described in (Embodiment 14), the on-vehicle device 4 and the roadside device 54 or the announcement antenna device 55 wirelessly perform two-way communication, and the toll collection procedure is processed.

The operation and function of the time measuring section 45 are the same as those described in (Embodiment 9). Therefore, for a certain period after the toll collection procedure with the vehicle-mounted device 4, the roadside device 54
Can maintain a state in which communication with the vehicle-mounted device 4 moving in the corresponding communication area 2 can be continued, and even if there is a following vehicle continuously traveling, the toll collection procedure for the following vehicle is surely performed. It is also possible to reduce the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate.

(Embodiment 16) FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration diagram of a notice antenna device 55 in the present embodiment. Figure 21
13 is almost the same as the schematic configuration diagram of the wide area transmission / reception antenna 30 of the main roadside device 6 and its transmission / reception system shown in FIG. 13 (Embodiment 10). In FIG. 20, 57 is a notice antenna, 64 is connected to the memory unit 51 (n) and each memory unit 5 is formed so that a reception beam is formed in the wide area communication area 7.
1 (n) is a demodulator for advance notice communication that changes the phase and amplitude of the data stored in 1 (n) to demodulate the received data, and 62 is an advance notice antenna connected to the memory unit 51 (n) and the radio wave arrival direction detecting unit 52. This is the device CPU section. Embodiment 14
As described above, the in-vehicle device 4 and the roadside device 54 or the advance notice antenna device 55 wirelessly perform two-way communication, and the toll collection procedure is processed.

The operation and function of the advance notice antenna device 55 of the array structure shown in FIG. 21 are the same as the wide area communication transmitting / receiving method in the main roadside device 6 described in (Embodiment 10). That is, based on the signal processing result of the radio wave arrival direction detection unit 52 in the advance notice antenna device 55, the advance notice antenna CPU unit 61 can estimate the traveling direction of the vehicle 3, and the roadside power supply control unit 8 uses the traveling direction estimation result. Depending on the specific roadside unit 5
4 can be operated, and the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate can be reduced.

[0108]

As described above, according to the present invention, the main roadside device transmits / receives to / from the in-vehicle device moving in the wide area communication area,
It is possible to detect the entry of a vehicle equipped with an on-board unit into the tollgate, and the roadside unit power supply control unit turns on / off the power of the subordinate side unit.
It is possible to control the OFF operation, and there is an advantageous effect that the power consumption of the infrastructure side system at the tollgate can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic toll collection system near a toll booth according to an embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a slave side machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a communication format between a roadside device and an in-vehicle device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an automatic toll collection system near a toll booth according to an embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an automatic toll collection system near a toll booth according to an embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.

FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram of a roadside machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of a notice antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an automatic toll collection roadside system near a toll booth according to an embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.

FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration diagram of a notice antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a conventional automatic toll collection roadside system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Follower machine 2 Communication area 3 vehicles 4 In-vehicle device 5 gantry 6 Main roadside machine 7 Wide area communication area 8 Roadside power supply control unit 9 Central processing unit 11 Main roadside antenna 12 Main road side CPU 13 Modulator 14 Transmitter 15 shared device 16 Receiver 17 Demodulator 18 Sub-station side antenna 19 Subordinate side CPU 20 slots 21 FCM slots 22 MDC slots 23 ACK slots 24 frames 25 main roadside transmitter antenna 26 main roadside receiving antenna 27 Narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna 28 Shared device for short range communication 29 Transmitter for short range communication 30 Wide area transmitting / receiving antenna 31 Wide area communication sharing device 32 Wide area communication transmitter 33 signal synthesizer 34 switch 35 shared device 36 Receiver for short range communication 37 Demodulator for short range communication 38 Wide-area communication receiver 39 Wide area communication demodulator 40 Transmission control unit 41 Narrow transmission antenna 42 narrow range receiving antenna 43 Wide area transmitting antenna 44 Wide area receiving antenna 45 hours measuring section 46 elements 47 shared device 48 Receiver 49 mixer 50 AD converter 51 memory 52 Radio wave arrival direction detector 53 Transmitter 54 Roadside machine 55 Notice antenna device 56 notice antenna 57 Roadside antenna 58 Modulator for wide area communication 59 Modulator for short range communication 60 Roadside CPU 61 switch 62 amplifier 63 Notice antenna device CPU section 64 Demodulator for advance notice communication 70 Notice antenna device 71 vehicles 72 Onboard machine 73 Roadside machine

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kenji Yaegashi Kenji Yaegashi 3-3 Tsunashimahigashi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Matsushita Communication Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Koji Nishiki, Tsunashima-higashi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 3-3-1 Matsushita Communication Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-3-88092 (JP, A) JP-A-9-305810 (JP, A) JP-A-6-266918 (JP, A) Special Kaihei 8-223081 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G07B 11/00-17/04 G06F 17/60 G06F 19/00 G08G 1/00-9/02

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] 1. A roadside machine installed at each of a plurality of traffic lanes at an entrance tollgate and an exit tollgate at a place where a charge is generated due to traffic or parking of a vehicle, or one tollgate, and the roadside machine One of the plurality of roadside devices installed at a tollgate in an automatic toll collection system that automatically collects tolls using an in-vehicle device mounted on a vehicle that wirelessly communicates necessary information bidirectionally The main roadside machine, the remaining roadside machine as a slave roadside machine, the transmission and reception beam shape of the slave roadside machine antenna of the slave roadside machine can be communicated only with a vehicle-mounted device that moves in a limited spatial area, The transmission / reception beam shape of the main roadside unit antenna of the main roadside unit and the transmission / reception beam shape of the slave side unit antenna can communicate with all on-vehicle units entering the tollgate, and it is possible to transmit and receive in a wide range. Two beams A duplexer connected to the main roadside antenna, a receiver connected to the duplexer, a demodulator connected to the receiver, a transmitter connected to the duplexer, and a transmitter connected to the duplexer And a main roadside unit CPU unit connected to the demodulation unit and the modulation unit, and is connected to the main roadside unit and all the subordinate side units to control ON / OFF of power of the subordinate side units. A roadside unit power supply control unit
An automatic toll collection roadside system including the main roadside machine, all the subordinate roadside machines, and a central processing unit connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit. 2. A main roadside device has two main roadside device transmission antennas and a main roadside device reception antenna, and a transmission unit connected to the main roadside device transmission antenna and a modulation connected to the transmission unit. 2. A unit, a receiver connected to the main roadside device receiving antenna, a demodulator connected to the receiver, and a main roadside device CPU unit connected to the modulator and demodulator. Automatic toll collection roadside system. 3. The main roadside device has two antennas, a narrow area transmission / reception antenna and a wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a narrow area communication duplexer connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna, and the narrow area communication duplexer. A narrow-area communication transmitter connected to the wide area communication antenna, a wide area communication duplexer connected to the wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a wide area communication transmitter connected to the wide area communication duplexer,
In the narrowband communication transmitting section and the wide area communication transmitting section, a modulation section, a narrow area communication duplexer and a signal combiner connected to the wide area communication sharer, and the signal combiner A connected receiver, a demodulator connected to the receiver,
The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1, further comprising a main roadside device CPU unit connected to the modulation unit and the demodulation unit. 4. The main roadside device has two antennas, a narrow area transmission / reception antenna and a wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a switch connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna and the wide area transmission / reception antenna, and a duplexer connected to the switch. , A narrow-area communication receiving unit and a wide-area communication receiving unit connected to the duplexer, a short-range communication demodulating unit connected to the narrow-area communication receiving unit, and a wide-area communication receiving unit A wide-area communication demodulation unit,
A transmitter connected to the duplexer, a modulator connected to the transmitter, a narrow-range communication demodulator, a wide-area communication demodulator, and a main roadside CPU unit connected to the modulator. An automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1. 5. The automatic toll collection roadside according to claim 3, wherein the main roadside machine is provided with a transmission controller connected to the narrow area communication transmitter and the wide area communication transmitter and controlled by the main roadside machine CPU section. system. 6. The narrow area transmitting / receiving antenna of the main roadside device is separated into a narrow area transmitting antenna and a narrow area receiving antenna, eliminating a narrow area communication duplexer and connecting the narrow area transmitting antenna to a narrow area communication transmitting section. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the narrow area receiving antenna is connected to a signal combiner. 7. The wide area transmitting / receiving antenna of the main roadside device is separated into a wide area transmitting antenna and a wide area receiving antenna, a wide area communication duplexer is eliminated, and the wide area transmitting antenna is connected to a wide area communication transmitting unit, and the wide area receiving antenna is provided. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 3, 5 or 6, wherein is connected to a signal synthesizer. 8. The main roadside device comprises a narrow area transmitting antenna, a narrow area receiving antenna, a wide area transmitting antenna and a wide area receiving antenna.
An amplifier having two antennas, which is connected to the wide area transmission antenna and outputs a transmission signal; a switch which is connected to the narrow area transmission antenna and the amplifier and whose switching operation is controlled by a main roadside CPU unit; A transmitter connected to the transmitter, a modulator connected to the transmitter, a signal combiner connected to the wide area reception antenna and the narrow area reception antenna, a receiver connected to the signal combiner, and 2. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1, further comprising a demodulation unit connected to the reception unit, and a main roadside machine CPU unit connected to the modulation unit and the demodulation unit. 9. An automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 1, further comprising a time measuring unit connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit and presetting a start of measurement time by a central processing unit. 10. A main roadside device, a wide area transmission / reception antenna composed of a plurality of elements, a duplexer connected to each element, a receiver connected to each duplexer, and a receiver connected to each Mixer unit, an AD converter connected to each mixer unit, a memory unit connected to each AD converter, and a transmission of an in-vehicle device connected to all the memory units and stored in the memory unit Connected to the radio wave arrival direction detection unit that detects the direction of the vehicle-mounted device from the radio wave data and transfers that information to the main roadside unit antenna CPU unit, so that the reception beam is formed in the wide area communication area A wide-area communication demodulation unit that changes the phase and amplitude of the data stored in the memory unit to demodulate received data; a wide-area communication transmission unit connected to all of the duplexers; Main road side connected to the transmitter A wide area communication modulator that outputs a modulation signal by a machine CPU section, a narrow area transmission / reception antenna, and a narrow area communication duplexer connected to the narrow area transmission / reception antenna,
A narrow-area communication transmitter connected to the narrow-area communication duplexer, a modulator connected to the narrow-area communication transmitter and outputting a modulation signal to the transmitter by the main roadside CPU, and the narrow area 7. The narrow area communication receiving unit connected to the communication duplexer, and the demodulation unit connected to the narrow area communication receiving unit and outputting to the main roadside machine CPU unit. Roadside system for automatic toll collection. 11. A roadside machine installed at each of a plurality of toll lanes at an entrance tollgate and an exit tollgate at a place where a charge is generated due to traffic or parking of vehicles, or one tollgate, and the roadside machine One of the plurality of roadside devices installed at a tollgate in an automatic toll collection system that automatically collects tolls using an in-vehicle device mounted on a vehicle that wirelessly communicates necessary information bidirectionally The main roadside machine, the remaining roadside machine as a slave roadside machine, the transmission and reception beam shape of the slave roadside machine antenna of the slave roadside machine can be communicated only with a vehicle-mounted device that moves in a limited spatial area, The main roadside machine antenna of the main roadside machine is composed of a beam forming antenna having an array structure composed of a plurality of elements, a duplexer connected to each element, a receiver connected to each of the duplexers, and all of the above Connect to receiver A demodulation unit that generates a demodulated signal by changing the phase and amplitude of each reception unit output, a transmission unit connected to each duplexer, a modulation unit connected to all the transmission units, and the demodulation unit And a main roadside machine CPU section connected to the modulation section, a roadside machine power supply control section connected to the main roadside machine and all the slave roadside machines, the main roadside machine and all the slave roadside machines, A roadside system for automatic toll collection, comprising a central processing unit connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit. 12. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 11, further comprising a time measuring unit connected to the roadside machine power supply control unit and presetting a start of measurement time by a central processing unit. 13. A main roadside device, a main roadside device antenna comprising a plurality of elements, and a duplexer connected to each element,
A receiver connected to each of the duplexers, a mixer connected to each of the receivers, and an AD connected to each of the mixers.
A converter and a memory unit connected to each AD converter,
A radio wave arrival direction detection unit that is connected to all the memory units and detects the direction of the car unit from the data of the radio waves transmitted from the car unit stored in the memory units and transfers the information to the main roadside unit antenna CPU unit, And a demodulation unit that is connected to the memory unit to demodulate the received data by changing the phase and amplitude of the data stored in the memory unit so that the reception beam is shaped in a specific area, and is connected to each duplexer. 13. The automatic toll collection roadside system according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising: a transmission unit that is provided with the transmission unit; and a modulation unit that is connected to all the transmission units and that outputs a modulation signal by the main roadside unit CPU unit.