JP3395256B2 - Agricultural machinery data collection device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data collection device for collecting sensor information of an agricultural machine, such as a tractor, a combine, or the like, in order to grasp the working status of the agricultural machine. . 2. Description of the Related Art Along with the rationalization of agricultural management and the high performance of agricultural machines, various types of work data, for example, data such as mileage per field or day, work area, fuel consumption, etc., have been collected. It is increasingly important to take this into account and use it for future work planning. A method that has been conventionally used to obtain these data is to read the numerical values of a fuel gauge or a distance meter attached to the agricultural machine at the start and end of work and calculate the difference between them. However, the accuracy of the obtained data is low, and the work of collecting data and the arrangement of data after collection are troublesome. In the conventional method, a work log and a work data record form must be carried at all times. If the work log is forgotten, data is recorded. However, there are problems such as the inconvenience that data cannot be retrieved, the difficulty in retrieving past data when trying to refer to it, and the risk of loss if the storage condition is poor. Also,
When these data are used for farming analysis, they are managed on a field-by-field basis.
It is more convenient to do . [0004] The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and has taken the following technical measures. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the display unit 23 is manually operated.
A data collection device including a working unit 22 and a removable storage medium 29
Input from the device 20 and sensors and setting devices
Communication with the control device 1 of the agricultural machine that operates the tutor
And the data input from the control device 1 and the
The work data is based on the data input from the manual operation unit 22.
Data and calculate these data
Store in the storage medium 29 and store in the storage medium 29
Data at least associated with the field identification code
It is a data collection device for agricultural machinery that is characterized by An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a data collection device. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a control device for an agricultural machine (for example, a tractor), which controls the running section and the overall operation of each operating section. Various sensors 2 ..., operation switches 3 ...,
And signals from the setting devices 4...
Through the output interface 9 from the CPU 7 based on the input signal.
An output signal is sent to an actuator 10 such as a solenoid or a valve. Necessary input information and output information are displayed on display devices 11 such as meters and lamps. The vehicle speed sensor 2A and the fuel flow rate sensor 2B among the sensors generate sensor pulses in accordance with the instantaneous value of the vehicle speed or the fuel flow rate. Are transmitted to the CPU 7 as communication pulses (FIG. 2).
reference). Other sensors include a lower link sensor, a lift arm angle sensor, and a horizontal sensor in the case of a tractor, and a cutting width sensor in the case of a combine.
Since the detection signal is a direct current, these sensors are configured to convert the detection signal by the A / D converter 13 and then input the converted signal to the CPU 7. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 20 denotes a data collection device (management terminal) which is used by being communicably connected to the control device 1. The data collection device 20 includes a CPU 21 and an operation unit 2.
2. A main body 20a having a display unit 23, a RAM 25, a kanji ROM 26, etc., and a ROM card 28 and a RAM card 29 as storage media selectively mounted on the main body. In the ROM card 28, a data collection program for each type and model of agricultural machine is individually stored. The RAM card 29 can store data for each predetermined item. FIG. 10 shows an example of data items. The data collection device 20 is, for example, shown in FIGS.
The appearance is as shown in the figure. Box-shaped body 20a
A power ON / OFF switch 31, 32 as an operation unit 22, various operation switches 33, input keys 34 for kana, numbers, etc., and a display unit 23 formed by a liquid crystal display are provided in front of the unit. Card 28 and RAM card 29, and printer connector 38 are provided. The operation switches 33 include a work start switch 33a that is pressed when starting data collection, a work interruption switch 33b that is pressed when work is temporarily interrupted, and a work end switch 33c that is pressed when work is completed. There is. The communication between the control device 1 and the data collection device 20 is performed via communication interfaces 40 and 41. The illustrated example is a method using optical communication, in which an optical interface 41 is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 43 of the data collection device main body and a communication interface of the control device. The unit 44 (see FIG. 6) is provided with a similar optical interface. When the data collection device main body 20a is attached to the communication interface 44, both optical interfaces face each other, and information can be exchanged between the two devices. When communication is performed by optical communication in this manner, there is an advantage that the data collection device 20 can be easily attached to and detached from the agricultural machine, and good communication can be performed without being affected by vibration. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 50 denotes a handy printer, 51 denotes a card reader, 52 denotes a personal computer, and 53 denotes a printer. The installation location of the data collection device 20 when the agricultural machine is a tractor and the surrounding configuration will be described. FIG. 7 shows a rear support 5 which is a safety frame of the tractor.
FIG. The interface unit 44 is attached to the rear support 55, and the management terminal 20 is attached thereto.
Are configured to be detachably mounted. Reference numeral 56 denotes an instrument panel, 57 denotes a handle, 58 denotes a fender, 59 denotes a step, 60 denotes a front wheel, and 62 denotes a rear wheel. In this embodiment, a rotary tilling device 66 is connected to the rear of the tractor 65 so as to be able to move up and down, and the rotary tilling device 66 is driven by applying a rotating power from the tractor 65 side. I have. At the rear of the tractor 65 is a rotary plow 66
Not only that, but also other components such as a plow or a disk halo can be mounted. An operation method of the data collection device 20 and a method of recording data will be briefly described. First, the data collection device 20 is mounted on the communication interface unit 44 and the power ON switch 31 is pressed (power ON). Then, communication between the data collection device 20 and the control device 1 is started. At this time, prior to the collection of work data, the operator inputs items (header portion) serving as search keys, such as a field number, a worker name (worker code), and a machine number, and newly inputs the search key. Create a data file. At the same time, input the type of work machine and work width. The type of work machine and the work width are input to accurately calculate the work area. In this embodiment (see FIG. 9), the operation is performed using a rotary plow 66 and a plow.
The correction value α is set to 10 cm for the tall cultivation device 66 and 15 cm for the plow, and the initial value is set by substituting zero for the work area S. Then, work is started in this state. Collection of work data is started by pressing the work start switch 33a. At this time, the created file name is registered in the file list in the RAM card 29. When the operation is started, the operation data is recorded in the management terminal. The obtained data, such as the mileage, the fuel consumption, and the work area, are temporarily stored in the RAM 25. . At this time, the work interruption switch 33b
When is pressed, processing based on the switch is performed. Specifically, when the agricultural machine is temporarily stopped at a meal or the like, the operation data up to that time can be held by pressing the operation interruption switch 33b. To resume the operation, the user presses the suspend switch 33b again. When the work end switch 33c is pressed, the data written in the RAM 25 is transferred to the RAM card 29 and stored therein. As for the work area S, the travel distance L is converted from the number of pulses detected by the vehicle speed sensor 2A. If the travel distance L is multiplied by the work width W, the work area S is obtained. Since the work is performed while reciprocating, the working width always overlaps. In the above embodiment, in the rotary tillage device 66, the overlap width of 10 cm is subtracted from the work width W, and in the plow, the work width is corrected by subtracting 15 cm from W, and the work area S is calculated by multiplying this by the travel distance L. It is configured to be. FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing a control program for correcting the work area in consideration of the slip ratio of the wheels when the soil is turned over by plowing. Since the wheels slip in the plowing operation, if the traveling distance is converted by detecting only the rotation speed of the rear wheel 62, a distance longer than the actual traveling distance may be calculated. When the calculated travel distance L is multiplied by the work width W, an area larger than the actual work area is calculated, which has a problem of adversely affecting later analysis. Therefore, taking into account not only the speed V1 obtained from the rotation speed of the wheels but also the speed V2 calculated from a ground speed sensor (Doppler sensor) attached to the lower part of the tractor, the slip ratio (Z) = (V
1-V2) / V2, the travel distance is corrected, and the corrected travel distance is multiplied by the work width to obtain a work area. FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 show the weather and field condition at the time of work recorded in a data file, which is useful for later work data analysis. In the data file of FIG. 12, 16 items from the field number to the fuel consumption are recorded. Among them, the weather is recorded whether it is sunny, cloudy or rainy. Are recorded separately. FIG. 13 illustrates the contents of the program at the time of data collection work, and FIG. 14 illustrates the contents of the program when data analysis is performed on the personal computer after the work is completed. By inputting a machine number to the management terminal 20, the work data of the machine is retrieved, and the work efficiency in wet fields in rain (1) and the work efficiency in dry fields in rain (2). Then, the work efficiency (3) in a wet field in sunny or cloudy and the work efficiency (4) in a dry field in sunny or cloudy are obtained, and cost analysis under each condition is performed. Here, the work efficiency refers to work time per unit area, fuel efficiency, and the like. The improved apparatus shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 describes a method of activating a data collection program, and is characterized in that an identification card in which a worker identification code is recorded for each worker. The program cannot be started unless a memory card such as a document is attached to the management terminal, thereby increasing the reliability of the collected data. FIG. 15 corresponds to the block diagram shown in FIG. 1, and the configuration of the management terminal 20 is partially changed. In the figure, 70 is an IPL ROM (loads a data collection program), 72 is an E2PROM as a program memory, and 74 is an operator identification memory card. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 16, first, the IPL is started (step S1), and if there is no ROM card 28 and no program exists in the E2PROM 72 of the main body, the ROM is loaded with the card 28. Message is displayed on the liquid crystal display section 23 (steps S3 and S3).
4). If the ROM card 28 is installed (step S5), the data collection program is transferred to the E2PROM 72 of the main body (step S6), and then the worker identification memory card is replaced with the ROM card 28. Then, a message is issued to attach the terminal 74 (step S7). When the identification memory card 74 is mounted, the operator code is read out and the program in the E2PROM 72 in the main body is started (steps S8, S9, S10). Thereafter, the header such as the field number is entered as described above, and the operation is started. With such a configuration, the relationship between the worker and the work content can be accurately captured, and the reliability of individual data increases. FIGS. 17 and 18 show a configuration in which an operator code is stored in advance in the main body of the management terminal 20 instead of installing the above-mentioned operator identification memory card 74. FIG. For this reason, an E2PROM 75 for storing an operator code is provided in the main body, and the operator code is automatically read out after the power is turned on. And
When the worker confirms it, it starts data collection work, and if the worker code is missing or wrong,
It is confirmed whether or not to newly register, and if not, the program is terminated. This saves the operator the trouble of inputting his / her own code every time the operation is performed, thereby improving the efficiency. 19 and 20 show the RAM card 29.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a case where an operator code is stored in the memory card and a card configuration of the RAM card 29 in that case. The RAM card 29 described so far is a work database.
In this case, only the data is recorded, and at the same time, it can be shared by a plurality of workers. However, in this case, there is a problem in that the management remains unreliable and the handling is rough. In order to solve this problem, FIG.
0 RAM card. An operator code is input to the RAM card 29 for each operator, and is a card dedicated to each operator. The use of the worker-specific RAM card 29 eliminates the need to enter a worker code each time, contributing to an improvement in efficiency. When this RAM card 29 is inserted into the management terminal 20 at the start of work, the presence or absence of a worker code is confirmed. If there is no worker code, it is regarded as a new card, and the work is performed. The user code is input using the input key 34. If there is an operator code, input header items such as a field number and a machine number, and press the operation start switch 33a to start data collection. By doing so, the trouble of inputting the operator code every time can be omitted, and since the work data is a personal work data card, the handling is careful and the data card is lost. Nothing. FIGS. 21, 22, and 23 show a part of the apparatus improved so that the work schedule is displayed on the display unit 23 of the management terminal 20. FIG. If it is possible to refer to the previous work data, for example, work time, when the same work is performed using the same machine, it is often effective for the operator to set priorities or to make a work plan for the day. . For this reason, in this improved apparatus, an E2PROM 80 capable of storing the work schedule of the day is provided in the management terminal 20, and the data of the corresponding field is transferred from the personal computer 52 to the E2PROM 80. . FIG. 23 shows the contents displayed on the display unit 23. When working in five fields, the previous
It turns out that it took 5 minutes. The worker can correct the plan or change the order of the work according to the degree of the work of the day while referring to these work times. According to the present invention , the display unit 23 and the manual operation unit 2
Collection device 20 provided with storage medium 2 and removable storage medium 29
And input signals from sensors and setting devices to actuate
Connected to the agricultural machine control device 1 that operates the
And data input from the control device 1 and the manual operation.
Work data is obtained based on the data input from the work unit 22.
The work data is stored in the storage medium.
Stored in the body 29 and stored in the storage medium 29
The data is at least linked to the field identification code
Since the agricultural machine data collection device according to claim Rukoto, sorting work results in the field units in performing management analysis
It can be used for later work planning.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a system block diagram. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detection method of a sensor. FIG. 3 is a front view of the data collection device. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a data collection device. FIG. 5 is a side view of the data collection device. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a management system. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which a data collection device is attached to the safety frame. FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for work area correction. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a data file. FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a travel distance correction. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a data file configuration in which weather and field conditions are included in items. FIG. 13 is a flowchart. FIG. 14 is a flowchart for calculating work efficiency. FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a partially modified management terminal. FIG. 16 is a flowchart. FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a management terminal partially modified. FIG. 18 is a flowchart. FIG. 19 is a flowchart. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a RAM card. FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a system configuration. FIG. 22 is a flowchart. FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a state of a screen of a liquid crystal display unit. [Description of Signs] 1 control device 2 sensor 3 operation switch 4 setting device 20 data collection device (management terminal device) 21 CPU 22 operation unit 23 display unit 25 RAM 26 ROM 28 ROM card 29 RAM card 33a Work start switch 33b Work stop switch 33c Work end switch

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-2055591 (JP, A) JP-A-57-50617 (JP, A) JP-A-64-4885 (JP, A) JP-A-6-48 14610 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01B 69/00 G07C 3/00 G07C 5/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A detachable display unit 23 and a manual operation unit 22
A data collection device 20 having a storage medium 29;
And input signals from setting devices to operate the actuator
The control device 1 of the agricultural machine is connected by communication to
From the data input from the device 1 and the manual operation unit 22
Work data is calculated based on the input data.
The work data is stored in the storage medium 29.
And the amount of data stored in the storage medium 29 is small.
At least it is linked to the field identification code
Agricultural machinery of the data collection device to.