JP3394762B2 - Optical system of video display device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical system for an image display device, and more particularly to an optical system for a head- or face-mounted image display device that can be held on the observer's head or face.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, displays such as televisions, CRTs for displaying images on a computer, LCDs, etc.
Due to the demand for the viewer to experience a greater sense of immersion and power, a display screen with a larger size and a higher resolution is required. Further, in recent years, various large-sized displays have been developed in order to obtain the effect of virtual reality, and the conditions are also wide angle of view and high resolution.

On the other hand, even if the display is small, if the user can observe the screen by enlarging it, the observation angle of view becomes large, the immersive feeling and the feeling of power increase, and the effects such as virtual reality can be obtained. Therefore, various small head-mounted image display devices have been developed.

Against this background, the applicant of the present invention has invented a video display device utilizing an eccentrically arranged eyepiece optical system, a eccentrically arranged relay optical system, and an eccentricity correction optical system. I have applied for it as Japanese Patent No. 5-21208.
This embodiment is shown in FIG. In the figure, 22 is the observer's pupil position, 23 is the ocular concave mirror, 24 is the observer's visual axis, 28
Is a decentering correction optical system, 34 is a two-dimensional image display element, and 35 is a relay optical system.

[0005]

The present applicant has found the need for further improvement of the video display device of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 5-21208. This will be explained below.

When an eccentric magnifying glass is used as the eyepiece optical system of the image display device mounted on the head, the distance from the observer's pupil position to the eyepiece optical system does not interfere around the observer's eyes, The distance is preferably 30 mm or more, which is an interval that does not cause a feeling of pressure, but on the other hand, in order to realize a small size, a wide angle of view, and a high resolution, it is preferable that the length be as short as possible. Further, the angle formed by the visual axis immediately after the observer's pupil and the visual axis after being reflected by the eyepiece optical system must be 40 ° or more in order not to interfere with the face or the head, but this angle is as much as possible. The smaller the value, the less the occurrence of aberration.

In the case of an image display apparatus using an eyepiece optical system having such a condition, it is expected that the eyeglasses worn by an observer and the optical system may interfere with each other, or the optical path may be blocked. It may be difficult to observe the electronic image of the two-dimensional image display device while it is worn. Therefore, it is important to correct the diopter of the image display device according to the eyesight of the observer. However, a relatively complex optical having a wide angle of view and high resolution, which is configured by the eyepiece optical system, the decentering correction optical system, the relay optical system, and the two-dimensional image display element as shown in the above-mentioned conventional technique. The diopter correction method in the image display device by the system configuration has not been realized.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its object is to provide an eyepiece optical system, an eccentricity correction optical system, and a relay optical system which are optical elements constituting an optical system of an image display device. And an optical system of a video display device capable of realizing diopter correction by a simple method of moving at least one optical element of a two-dimensional image display element.

[0009]

An optical system of an image display apparatus according to the present invention which achieves the above object, is arranged between a pupil plane, an image plane, and the pupil plane and the image plane. An optical system for optically forming a position with respect to the image plane, wherein the optical system is at least a concave eccentrically arranged concave surface and a reflection optical surface constituted by an aspherical shape of non-rotational symmetry, and eccentricity. And a transmissive optical surface having a curved surface and having an aspherical shape of non-rotational symmetry, wherein at least one optical element in the reflective optical surface or the transmissive optical surface moves for diopter correction. It is characterized in that it is configured to.

In this case, it is desirable that at least one movable optical element moves eccentrically from the optical axis.

Further, the distance from the pupil plane to the image plane does not change even if at least one movable optical element is moved.

[0012]

The reason and operation of the above construction will be described below based on the explanation of the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an optical path diagram of the optical system of the image display apparatus of the present invention (Example 1 described later). As shown in FIG. 8, the overall configuration of the optical system is as follows: a two-dimensional image display element 5 that displays an observation image, a relay optical system 4 that projects a real image of the two-dimensional image display element 5 into the air, and the real image in the air. And an eccentricity correction optical system 3 provided between the relay optical system 4 and the eyepiece optical system 2 and each surface of which is decentered. Here, the eccentricity correction optical system 3 is for correcting the inclination and curvature of the image plane by the eyepiece optical system 2 arranged eccentrically from the visual axis 7 after reflection and for inclining the optical axis.

Incidentally, in order to perform diopter correction, a method of inserting a diopter correction lens or the like into the optical path can be considered.
This is difficult in the video display device having the above configuration.
It is impossible to insert anything other than a contact lens between the observer's pupil 1 and the eyepiece optical system 2. No light can be inserted between the eyepiece optical system 2 and the eccentricity correction optical system 3 because the light rays pass through it in the vertical and horizontal directions. Between the eccentricity correction optical system 3 and the relay optical system 4, and between the relay optical systems 4 and 2.
There is no space between the three-dimensional image display elements 5, and conversely,
If you make that allowance in any of the intervals, the device gets bigger,
It gets complicated.

Therefore, basically, if any one of the optical elements constituting the optical system is moved to change the power arrangement of the entire optical system and the diopter correction can be easily performed, the entire apparatus can be corrected. It is possible to add value to the image display device at low cost without increasing the size.

Here, the behavior of light rays when an optical element having power, which is a diopter correction element of the image display apparatus having the diopter correction function of the present invention, is moved by using paraxial theory by a thin lens. explain. FIG. 7 shows paraxial ray tracing with a thin lens. The focal length of the thin lens L is f and the power is φ. As shown in FIG. 7, the object point P and the image point P ′ are conjugate, and the distances from the lens L to the object point P and the image point P ′ are s (however, minus in the figure), s ′, and the object point P. , U is the tilt angle of the paraxial ray at the image point P ′ (however, minus in the figure), u ′ is the ray height at the lens L, and the basic expression for imaging in this case is: u ′ = u + hφ ... (1) 1 / s' = 1 / s + 1 / f is expressed by (2).

For example, a light ray when the lens L is moved to the object point side by Δs is shown by a broken line in FIG. It is assumed that the ray height is reduced by Δh, the tilt angle on the image point side is u ″, and the distance from the lens L to the image point is s ″. Regarding the tilt angle, since h in Expression (1) is h-Δh, u ″ is represented by u ″ = u + (h−Δh) φ (3), and h> 0, Δh> 0 , Φ> 0, the following can be said by comparing equation (1) and equation (3): u ′> u ″ (4).

On the other hand, with respect to the distance from the lens L to the image point, s ″ is 1 / s ″ = 1 / (s−Δs) + 1 / f since s in the equation (2) is s−Δs. .. (5) and s <0 and Δs <0. Therefore, comparing equation (2) and equation (5), s'<s"(6) can be said. .

Similar to the above-mentioned example, it can be considered that the ray height, the tilt angle, etc. accompanying the movement of each optical element also change based on the equations (1) and (2).

Next, how the standard of the movement amount of the correction element is determined according to the correction amount of the diopter correction will be described by taking the relay optical system as an example. The focal length of the whole optical system is f _a ,
It is assumed that the distance from the object-side focal position to the object point is z (minus in the figure), and the distance from the image-side focal position to the image point is z ′. In FIG. 7, the relationship between f _a and z is shown by regarding the lens L as the entire optical system of the image display device of the present invention. Imaging type focus criterion, z · z '= - represented by f _a ² ····· (7). Here, the focal length of the relay optical system is f ₁ ,
Assuming that the magnification of other optical elements is β, it can be expressed as _follows : fa = f ₁ × β (8) Further, the diopter D representing the diopter is expressed as D = −z ′ / 1000 (9). As diopter correction element a relay optical system, when the correction amount of movement Delta] z, replaced by Delta] z a z of formula (7), equation (8), from _{(9), Δz = -f a} 2 / z '= _{-D × (f 1 × β)} 2/1000 ··· (10) becomes, for example, to the diopter correction -2 diopters is, f ₁ = 30 mm, if beta = 0.7, relay optical The system should be moved to the image side by about 0.9 mm.

Next, the power distribution of the entire optical system of the image display apparatus according to the present invention will be described, and the diopter correction method for myopia and hyperopia will be described.

FIG. 1 shows the power arrangement of the entire optical system and paraxial ray tracing. In the figure, 1 is a pupil, 2 is an eyepiece reflection optical system, 3 is a decentering correction optical system, 4 is a relay optical system, 5 is a two-dimensional image display element surface (object surface), and 10 is a real image formed by the relay optical system. , 11 is an object paraxial ray, and 12 is a pupil paraxial ray. For convenience of explanation, light rays are traced backward from the pupil 1 toward the two-dimensional image display element 5.

In the case of myopia, the refractive power of the crystalline lens in the eyeball is so strong that only a nearby object can form an image on the retina, and the optical system produces a ray having a positive refractive power in the pupil. Need to make. On the contrary, in the case of hyperopia, it is necessary to make a light ray having a negative refractive power in the pupil. FIG. 2 shows ray tracing for myopia and FIG. 3 shows ray tracing for hyperopia. As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, in the case of myopia,
The object position 51 is closer to the pupil than the normal position, and conversely, in the case of hyperopia, the object position 52 is farther away. The diopter correction is to move the displaced object positions 51 and 52 to the object position 50 when the two-dimensional image display element is normal by moving the optical system.

The following description of diopter correction will be made only for myopia. This is because the diopter correction for hyperopia is usually considered to be the opposite movement on the paraxial line.

FIG. 4 shows ray tracing when the eyepiece optical system 2 is used as a diopter correction element. The ray tracing before correction is indicated by the solid line 1
5. The ray trace after correction is shown by the dotted line 16. However, the position of each element after the movement will be described by adding a "'" or """symbol. As shown in the figure, the pupil 1 of the eyepiece optical system 2
The movement away from the distance increases the distance between the pupil 1 and the eyepiece optical system 2 and between the decentering correction optical system 3 and the eyepiece optical system 2. In the eyepiece optical system 2, the ray height becomes low and the refraction angle becomes small. The decentering correction optical system 3 is at the position 3 ', and the angle of incidence is small, so that the refraction angle is small. After that, the relay optical system is changed from 4 to 4'and the two-dimensional image display element is changed from 5 to 5 '. However, since the power arrangement is not changed, the original object position 5' ( 2).

FIG. 5 shows ray tracing when the eccentricity correction optical system 3 is used as a diopter correction element. The configuration of the figure is the same as that of FIG. As shown in the figure, by moving the eccentricity correction optical system 3 to the position 3 ″ on the pupil side, the real image position becomes closer to the eccentricity correction optical system 3 and the ray height becomes lower, so the refraction angle becomes smaller and the object The position can be far away.

FIG. 6 shows ray tracing when the relay optical system 4 is used as a diopter correction element. As shown in the figure, by moving the relay optical system 4 to the position 4 ″ on the pupil side, the refraction position becomes closer to the real image 10 (FIGS. 1 to 3), so the refraction angle becomes smaller and the object position becomes far In addition, it is effective to correct the diopter by combining each lens of the relay optical system 4 or moving each lens independently. By changing the principal point position of the relay optical system 4, it becomes possible to move the object position and correct the diopter.

When the two-dimensional image element 5 is used as a diopter correction element, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an object position 51 formed on the pupil 1 side in the case of myopia and on the opposite side in the case of hyperopia, 52
It is obvious that the two-dimensional image display element 5 may be moved to the above position.

Besides the above, it is naturally possible to combine the respective diopter correction elements to perform diopter correction.
In addition, when the observation angle of view is wide and each optical element is decentered, it often does not particularly apply to the paraxial theory, and unless a plurality of diopter correction elements are used, the amount of aberration that occurs is large. Can also be considered. Further, when each optical element is eccentrically provided, it is more effective to decenter the diopter correction element and to suppress the occurrence of aberration.

Further, from the pupil position 1 to the two-dimensional image display element 5
If only the diopter correction element can be moved without changing the distance to the diopter correction, the overall size of the device does not change and the appearance of the device is simple. It is more desirable because the moving part can be made smaller.

[0031]

EXAMPLES Example 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 9 to 20.
The optical system of the image display device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 8. The coordinate system uses the observer's pupil 1 as the origin, and the Y-axis in which the right to left in the horizontal direction is the positive direction, It is defined as a Z-axis having a positive direction from the eyeball side in the axial direction to the eyepiece optical system 2 side and an X-axis having a vertical direction from top to bottom in the positive direction.

In each embodiment, the structure of the entire optical system is as follows.
From the pupil side, 1 is an observer's pupil, 2 is an eyepiece optical system, 3 is a decentering correction optical system, 4 is a relay optical system, and 5 is a two-dimensional image display element.

FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the optical system of Example 1. In the figure, the solid line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at 0 diopter, the dotted line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at −6 diopter, and ray tracing is performed by the solid line in all cases. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is only the eyepiece optical system 2, and the diopter correction is performed by moving in the YZ plane according to the diopter. In the figure, in the case of myopia, the distance from the pupil 1 is short (Z is negative) and moves upward (Y is positive), and in the case of hyperopia, both Z and Y move in reverse.

In this embodiment, when the eyepiece optical system 2 is used as a diopter correction element, the diopter correction can be effectively performed by moving only in the Z direction.

FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the optical system of Example 2.
In the figure, the solid line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at 0 diopter, the dotted line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at −6 diopter, and ray tracing is performed by the solid line in all cases. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is only the eccentricity correction optical system 3, and the diopter correction is performed by moving in the YZ plane. In the figure, in the case of myopia, the eyepiece optical system 2 side (Z is plus) and downward (Y is minus) moves, and in the case of hyperopia, both Z and Y move in reverse. That is, diopter correction can be performed by inclining the eccentricity correction optical system 3 around a certain point.

11 to 14 show the configuration of the optical system of Example 3. 11 shows 0 diopter, FIG. 12 shows −3 diopter, FIG. 13 shows −6 diopter, and FIG. 14 shows respective arrangements of optical systems at +2 diopter. Rays pass through the ray on the visual axis and around the pupil 1 and the visual axis. Upper two-dimensional image display element 5
Only the rays that reach the point are shown. In this embodiment, the diopter correction elements are the eccentricity correction optical system 3, the relay optical system 4, and the two-dimensional image display element 5, and the diopter correction is performed by moving these at the same time. In case of myopia (Fig. 12, Fig. 1)
3) moves to the eyepiece optical system 2 side (Z is plus) and upward (Y is plus), and in the case of hyperopia (FIG. 14),
Both Z and Y move in reverse.

In the third embodiment, diopter correction can also be performed by moving the eccentricity correction optical system 3 to the two-dimensional image display element 5 in parallel along the optical axis of the relay optical system 4. .

FIG. 15 shows the configuration of the optical system of Example 4.
In the figure, the solid line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at 0 diopter, the dotted line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at −6 diopter, and ray tracing is performed by the solid line in all cases. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is only the first lens of the relay optical system 4, and the diopter correction is performed by shifting from the axis according to the diopter, but the total length of the optical system does not change. In the figure, in the case of myopia, the two-dimensional image display element 5
It moves to the side (Z is plus) and upward (Y is plus), and in the case of hyperopia, both Z and Y move in the opposite direction.

16 and 17 show the structure of the optical system of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 16 shows the arrangement of the optical system in 0 diopter, and FIG. 17 shows the arrangement of the optical system in −6 diopter. The ray passes through the ray on the visual axis and the periphery of the pupil 1 and reaches the point of the two-dimensional image display element 5 on the visual axis. Only the rays are shown. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is the entire relay optical system 4, and by moving along the central axis of the relay optical system 4 in the YZ plane without changing the interval in the relay optical system 4. Perform diopter correction.
In the case of myopia (FIG. 17), the eyepiece optical system 2 side (Z is plus) moves upward (Y is plus), and in the case of hyperopia,
Both Z and Y move in reverse.

FIG. 18 shows the structure of the optical system of Example 6.
In the figure, the solid line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at 0 diopter, the dotted line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at −6 diopter, and ray tracing is performed by the solid line in all cases. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is only the second to fifth lenses of the relay optical system 4, and the diopter correction is performed by moving in parallel along the central axis of the relay optical system 4. The total length of the system does not change. In the figure, in the case of myopia, it moves to the two-dimensional image display element 5 side, and in the case of hyperopia, it moves to the opposite.

FIG. 19 shows the configuration of the optical system of Example 7.
In the figure, the solid line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at 0 diopter, the dotted line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at −6 diopter, and ray tracing is performed by the solid line in all cases. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is only the cemented lens of the second and third lenses of the relay optical system 4, and the diopter correction is performed by moving along the central axis of the relay optical system 4. The total length of the optical system does not change. In the figure, 2 for myopia
It moves to the side of the three-dimensional image display element 5 and vice versa in the case of hyperopia.

FIG. 20 shows the configuration of the optical system of Example 8.
In the figure, the solid line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at 0 diopter, the dotted line indicates the arrangement of the optical system at −6 diopter, and ray tracing is performed by the solid line in all cases. In this embodiment, the diopter correction element is only the two-dimensional image display element 5, and eccentrically moves to perform diopter correction. In the figure, in the case of myopia, the distance from the relay optical system 4 to the two-dimensional image display element 5 is shortened, and it moves so as to rotate clockwise (A is minus). In the case of hyperopia, the relay optical system 4 to 2 is moved. The distance to the three-dimensional image display element 5 increases, and the three-dimensional image display element 5 moves so as to rotate counterclockwise (A is plus).

In the eighth embodiment, the diopter correction can also be performed by moving the two-dimensional image display element 5 in parallel along the refracted optical axis after the relay optical system 4.

The constituent parameters of each embodiment are shown below, but the surface number is shown as the surface number of the backward tracking from the observer iris position 1 to the two-dimensional image display element 5.

As for the eccentricity amount and the tilt angle in the constituent parameters, the eccentricity amounts in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are given to the eyepiece optical system 2, and the eccentricity amount in the Y-axis direction is at the apex. It is the distance eccentric in the Y-axis direction from the visual axis (Z-axis direction) passing through the center of the exit pupil 1. The amount of eccentricity in the Z-axis direction is from the reference position where the apex of the surface is given by the surface distance to the Z-axis direction. The eccentricity correction optical system 3 is an eccentric distance, and in the eccentricity correction optical system 3, the amount of eccentricity in the Y-axis positive direction and the Z-axis positive direction from the center of the exit pupil 1 of the surface apex of each surface The tilt angle from the Z-axis direction is given. The inclination angle of the central axis of the surface is given as the angle of the positive direction of the rotation angle (counterclockwise in the figure) from the positive direction of the Z axis to the positive direction of the Y axis. Relay optical system 4
With respect to, the first surface is given a vertex like the respective surfaces of the decentering correction optical system 3, the central axis passing through the vertex is the optical axis, and the inclination angle of the optical axis is similarly given. Regarding the two-dimensional image display element 5, the optical axis of the relay optical system 4 is the Z axis with the positive direction in the direction from the two-dimensional image display element 5 to the eyepiece optical system 2, and is orthogonal to the Z axis on the paper surface. The right-to-left positive axis of the three-dimensional image display element 5 is the Y-axis, and the top-to-bottom positive axis of the paper is the X-axis.
It is given by the amount of eccentricity of the center in the positive direction of the axis and the angle of inclination of the normal line of the surface from the Z axis.

In each of the surfaces of the eyepiece optical system 2 and the decentering correction optical system 3, the non-rotationally symmetric aspherical shape has R _y and R _x respectively, a paraxial radius of curvature in the YZ plane (paper surface), X-. Paraxial radii of curvature in the Z plane, K _x and K _y are conical coefficients in the X direction and Y direction, AR and BR are rotationally symmetric fourth orders,
The 6th-order aspherical coefficients, AP and BP, are asymmetrical 4
Assuming the following 6th order aspherical coefficients, the aspherical expression is as follows.

Z = [(X ² / R _x ) + (Y ² / R _y )] / [1+
{1- (1 + K _x ) (X ² / R _x ² )-(1 + K _y ) (Y ² / R _y ² )}
^1/2 ] + AR [(1-AP) X ² + (1 + AP) Y ² ] ² + B
R [(1-BP) X ² + (1 + BP) Y ² ] ^{3 Further} , the surface distance is the distance between the exit pupil 1 and the eyepiece optical system 2 in the Z-axis direction, and the first distance of the relay optical system 4 The distance from the surface to the image surface (two-dimensional image display element 8) is indicated by the distance along the optical axis. The relay optical system 4, the radius of curvature of the surface at r ₁ ~r _i, the surface interval d ₁ to d _i, the refractive index of the d line with n ₁ ~n _i, an Abbe number ν ₁ ~ν _i Indicate.
In addition, the refractive index of the d-line of the medium of the eccentricity correction optical system 3 is n,
The Abbe number is shown by ν.

In all examples, the basic design is 0 diopters. The diopter correction amount was -6 diopters, -3 diopters, and +2 diopters. As the amount of movement of the diopter correction element, the surface spacing, the amount of eccentricity, and the tilt angle are displayed in order corresponding to each amount of diopter correction.

Example 1 Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Refractive index Abbe number (amount of eccentricity) (tilt angle) 1 (1) ∞ (pupil) 53.035 2 (2) R _y -73.261 (reflecting surface) 0.000 Y: -31.020 A : 0.000 ° R _x -57.4666 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.042534 K _x 0.158972 AR 0.194999 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.121401 × 10 ^-10 AP -0.716898 BP -1.87289 Diopter correction 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -31.020- 30.836 -30.898 -31.056 Z: 0.000 -1.627 -3.651 1.165 3 (3) R _y -13.488 0.000 n = 1.48700 ν = 70.4 R _x -34.244 Y: -29.708 A: 51.600 ° K _y -1.881629 Z: 4.659 K _x- 1.761358 AR -0.330456 × 10 ^-5 BR 0.305923 × 10 ^-13 AP -1.90466 BP 0.189389 × 10 ⁺² 4 R _y -24.745 0.000 Y: -53.649 A: 27.011 ° R _x -48.961 Z: 9.443 K _y -0.433533 K _x 8.516905 AR -0.188793 × 10 ^-4 BR -0.254236 × 10 ^-8 AP -0.364870 BP 1.26182 5 (r ₁ ) -75.875 (d ₁ ) -13.313 n ₁ = 1.65506 ν ₁ = 54.2 Y: -62.441 A: 28.541 ° Z : -11.132 6 (r ₂ ) 47.757 (d ₂ ) -6.630 7 (r ₃ ) -43.357 (d ₃ ) -14.180 n ₂ = 1.60730 ν ₂ = 61.0 8 (r ₄ ) 14.881 (d ₄ ) -1.768 n ₃ = 1.75500 ν ₃ = 27.6 9 ( r ₅ ) 77.898 (d ₅ ) -1.922 10 (r ₆ ) -60.167 (d ₆ ) -6.740 n ₄ = 1.52422 ν ₄ = 66.7 11 (r ₇ ) 45.128 (d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -26.477 (D ₈ ) -8.783 n ₅ = 1.64862 ν ₅ = 55.2 13 (r ₉ ) 542.733 (d ₉ ) -8.575 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y: -3.299 A: 20.069 °.

Example 2 Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Refractive index Abbe number (Eccentricity) (Tilt angle) 1 (1) ∞ (Pupil) 53.076 2 (2) R _y -73.399 (Reflecting surface) 0.000 Y: -31.160 A : 0.000 ° R _x -55.786 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.025030 K _x 0.105299 AR 0.192134 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.845925 × 10 ^-11 AP -0.679221 BP -1.99742 3 (3) R _y -13.871 0.000 n = 1.48757 ν = 70.4 _{R x -50.632 Y: -30.520 A:} 52.349 ° K y -1.760226 Z: 5.033 K x -1.980652 AR -0.327338 × 10 -5 BR 0.168168 × 10 -14 AP -1.85576 BP 0.184379 × 10 +2 diopter correction amount 0D -3D-6D + 2D Y: -30.520 -31.203 -32.056 -29.810 Z: 5.033 6.051 6.586 4.973 4 R _y -26.601 0.000 Y: -54.878 A: 30.078 ° R _x -46.355 Z: 9.483 K _y -0.323741 K _x 9.225767 AR ^{-0.171300 × 10 -4 BR -0.225926 × 10} -8 AP -0.280508 BP 1.21717 diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -54.878 -55.561 -56.414 -54.168 Z: 9.483 10.501 11.037 9.424 5 ( _{1) -127.947 (d 1) -15.585} n 1 = 1.65610 ν 1 = 51.4 Y: -62.930 A: 23.299 ° Z: -11.047 6 (r 2) 38.998 (d 2) -7.840 7 (r 3) -41.886 ( d ₃ ) -11.552 n ₂ = 1.60813 ν ₂ = 60.9 8 (r ₄ ) 15.524 (d ₄ ) -1.024 n ₃ = 1.75500 ν ₃ = 27.6 9 (r ₅ ) 115.961 (d ₅ ) -2.833 10 (r ₆ ) -46.408 (d ₆ ) -6.991 n ₄ = 1.538969 ν ₄ = 65.5 11 (r ₇ ) 54.373 (d ₇ ) -0.100 12 (r ₈ ) -22.182 (d ₈ ) -8.670 n ₅ = 1.67345 ν ₅ = 51.7 13 (R ₉ ) -286.952 (d ₉ ) -8.108 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y: -4.107 A: 17.591 °.

Example 3 Surface Number Curvature Radius Spacing Refractive Index Abbe's Number (Eccentricity) (Tilt Angle) 1 (1) ∞ (Pupil) 52.110 2 (2) R _y -73.386 (Reflecting Surface) 0.000 Y: -30.399 A : 0.000 ° R _x -57.821 Z: 0.000 K _y -0.013413 K _x 0.187077 AR 0.211715 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.123706 × 10 ^-10 AP -0.699451 BP -1.87248 3 (3) R _y -13.448 0.000 n = 1.49557 ν = 68.1 R _x -33.307 Y: -29.775 A: 51.842 ° K _y -1.812411 Z: 3.756 K _x -1.78282 AR -0.333342 × 10 ^-5 BR 0.172171 × 10 ^-10 AP -1.88807 BP 0.245019 × 10 ^-2 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -29.775 -28.894 -28.444 -31.073 Z: 3.756 6.369 7.904 2.578 4 R _y -24.579 0.000 Y: -54.132 A: 27.011 ° R _x -48.534 Z: 8.204 K _y -0.454147 K _x 8.753754 ^{AR -0.173802 × 10 -4 BR -0.221562 ×} 10 -10 AP -0.363497 BP 1.21388 diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -54.132 -53.251 -52.802 -55.431 Z: 8.204 10.820 12.355 7.028 5 ( _{1) -74.068 (d 1) -12.780} n 1 = 1.65830 ν 1 = 53.4 Y: -63.115 A: 28.141 ° Z: -12.357 diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -63.115 -62.234 -61.785 -64.414 Z: -12.357 -9.741 -8.206 -13.533 6 (r ₂ ) 48.464 (d ₂ ) -6.953 7 (r ₃ ) -43.580 (d ₃ ) -14.638 n ₂ = 1.60673 ν ₂ = 61.0 8 (r ₄ ) 14.806 ( d ₄ ) -1.090 n ₃ = 1.75500 ν ₃ = 27.6 9 (r ₅ ) 77.638 (d ₅ ) -1.930 10 (r ₆ ) -57.886 (d ₆ ) -6.840 n ₄ = 1.52095 ν ₄ = 67.0 11 (r ₇₎ ) 47.786 (d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -26.205 (d ₈ ) -8.790 n ₅ = 1.64407 ν ₅ = 55.9 13 (r ₉ ) 633.324 (d ₉ ) -8.587 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y: -3.335 A: 20.331 °.

Example 4 Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Refractive index Abbe number (eccentricity) (tilt angle) 1 (1) ∞ (pupil) 50.101 2 (2) R _y -73.598 (reflecting surface) 0.000 Y: -31.260 A : 0.000 ° R _x -56.177 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.016637 K _x 0.032646 AR 0.139699 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.317892 × 10 ^-11 AP -0.657673 BP -2.44464 3 (3) R _y -13.756 0.000 n = 1.487000 ν = 70.4 R _x -34.115 Y: -29.353 A: 54.266 ° K _y -1.632557 Z: 6.699 K _x -2.108747 AR -0.290348 × 10 ^-5 BR 0.255039 × 10 ^-13 AP -1.92215 BP 0.188898 × 10 ⁺² 4 R _y -26.430 0.000 Y: -53.886 A: 30.281 ° R _x -48.040 Z: 10.034 K _y -0.313689 K _x 9.414019 AR -0.175022 × 10 ^-4 BR -0.244922 × 10 ^-8 AP -0.14822 BP 1.11464 5 (r ₁ ) -108.846 ( d ₁ ) -13.314 n ₁ = 1.65830 ν ₁ = 53.4 Y: -60.686 A: 23.279 ° Z: -11.426 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -60.686 -60.916 -60.231 -60.688 Z: -11.426- 9.596 -8.022 -12.485 A: 23.279 ° 23.317 ° 23.141 ° 22.974 ° 6 (r ₂ ) 43.058 (d ₂ ) -0.100 7 (r ₃ ) -42.178 (d ₃ ) -15.611 n ₂ = 1.60862 ν ₂ = 60.9 8 (r ₄ ) 16.393 (d ₄ ) -1.000 n ₃ = 1.75500 ν ₃ = 27.6 9 (r ₅ ) 86.440 (d ₅ ) -1.840 10 (r ₆ ) -46.337 (d ₆ ) -7.033 n ₄ = 1.53277 ν ₄ = 66.0 11 (r ₇ ) 57.156 ( d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -23.786 (d ₈ ) -8.478 n ₅ = 1.60729 ν ₅ = 59.4 13 (r ₉ ) ∞ (d ₉ ) -8.124 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y:- 4.261 A: 20.851 °.

Example 5 Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Refractive index Abbe number (Eccentricity) (Tilt angle) 1 (1) ∞ (Pupil) 53.097 2 (2) R _y -73.663 (Reflecting surface) 0.000 Y: -31.260 A : 0.000 ° R _x -57.403 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.013905 K _x 0.161335 AR 0.198843 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.121967 × 10 ^-10 AP -0.7245 BP -1.82362 3 (3) R _y -13.710 0.000 n = 1.48727 ν = 70.4 R _x -35.716 Y: -29.254 A: 51.817 ° K _y -1.815291 Z: 5.283 K _x -2.465664 AR -0.317435 × 10 ^-5 BR 0.762415 × 10 ^-14 AP -1.92706 BP 0.326050 × 10 ⁺² 4 R _y -25.618 0.000 Y: -53.360 A: 28.030 ° R _x -48.338 Z: 9.244 K _y -0.277791 K _x 9.212224 AR -0.189344 × 10 ^-4 BR -0.269312 × 10 ^-8 AP -0.249264 BP 1.118061 5 (r ₁ ) -88.343 ( d ₁ ) -13.657 n ₁ = 1.65283 ν ₁ = 54.6 Y: -63.000 A: 27.694 ° Z: -11.353 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -63.000 -61.983 -60.790 -63.790 Z: -11.353- 9.207 -7.127 -12.508 6 (r _{2 44.464 (d 2) -6.464 7 (} r 3) -42.982 (d 3) -13.850 n 2 = 1.60668 ν 2 = 61.0 8 (r 4) 14.998 (d 4) -1.659 n 3 = 1.75500 ν 3 = 27.6 9 ( r ₅ ) 80.629 (d ₅ ) -1.906 10 (r ₆ ) -55.103 (d ₆ ) -7.029 n ₄ = 1.52606 ν ₄ = 66.5 11 (r ₇ ) 49.694 (d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -25.903 (D ₈ ) -8.681 n ₅ = 1.65437 ν ₅ = 54.3 13 (r ₉ ) 465.261 (d ₉ ) -8.482 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y: -3.757 A: 19.959 °.

Example 6 Surface number Curvature radius Spacing Refractive index Abbe number (Decentering amount) (Inclination angle) 1 (1) ∞ (Pupil) 53.100 2 (2) R _y -73.606 (Reflecting surface) 0.000 Y: -31.260 A : 0.000 ° R _x -57.661 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.015884 K _x 0.170305 AR 0.209773 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.123045 × 10 ^-10 AP -0.712283 BP -1.87849 3 (3) R _y -13.519 0.000 n = 1.499128 ν = 66.9 R _x -32.574 Y: -28.940 A: 52.275 ° K _y -1.762494 Z: 5.282 K _x -1.699031 AR -0.339816 × 10 ^-5 BR 0.350594 × 10 ^-13 AP -1.92936 BP 0.187523 × 10 ⁺² 4 R _y -24.789 0.000 Y: -53.723 A: 27.023 ° R _x -48.321 Z: 9.562 K _y -0.416644 K _x 9.042948 AR -0.167185 × 10 ^-4 BR -0.223181 × 10 ^-8 AP -0.350362 BP 1.21427 5 (r ₁ ) -77.812 ( d ₁ ) -13.018 n ₁ = 1.65830 ν ₁ = 53.4 Y: -62.540 A: 28.249 ° Z: -11.013 6 (r ₂ ) 46.896 (d ₂ ) -7.184 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D d ₂ : -7.184 -7.585 -7.990 -6.906 7 (r ₃ ) -43.477 (d ₃ ) -13.915 n ₂ = 1.60691 ν ₂ = 61.0 8 (r ₄ ) 14.861 (d ₄ ) -1.711 n ₃ = 1.75500 ν ₃ = 27.6 9 (r ₅ ) 78.040 (d ₅ ) -1.714 10 (r ₆ ) -57.351 (d ₆ ) -6.712 n ₄ = 1.52154 ν ₄ = 66.5 11 (r ₇ ) 48.030 (d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -26.135 (d ₈ ) -8.719 n ₅ = 1.64277 ν ₅ = 56.1 13 (r ₉ ) 738.733 (d ₉ ) -8.719 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D d ₉ : -8.719 -8.318 -7.913 -8.997 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y : -3.484 A: 19.86 4 °.

Example 7 Surface Number Curvature Radius Spacing Refractive Index Abbe Number (Eccentricity) (Tilt Angle) 1 (1) ∞ (Pupil) 53.085 2 (2) R _y -73.924 (Reflecting Surface) 0.000 Y: -31.260 A : 0.000 ° R _x -56.952 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.058605 K _x 0.160130 AR 0.182638 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.104505 × 10 ^-10 AP -0.746331 BP -2.00536 3 (3) R _y -13.612 0.000 n = 1.50290 ν = 68.7 R _x -45.101 Y: -31.408 A: 53.699 ° K _y -1.724643 Z: 5.778 K _x -1.72200 AR -0.342277 × 10 ^-5 BR -0.137301 × 10 ^-13 AP -1.98932 BP -0.301739 × 10 ⁺² 4 R _y -25.089 0.000 Y: -54.154 A: 29.313 ° R _x -46.811 Z: 8.646 K _y -0.530464 K _x 9.488797 AR -0.171237 × 10 ^-4 BR -0.258917 × 10 ^-8 AP -0.347729 BP 1.27900 5 (r ₁ )- 88.462 (d ₁ ) -14.712 n ₁ = 1.65830 ν ₁ = 53.4 Y: -62.952 A: 28.218 ° Z: -11.834 6 (r ₂ ) 43.684 (d ₂ ) -5.446 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D d ₂ : -5.446 -7.123 -8.516 -4.296 7 (r ₃ ) -44.951 (d ₃ ) -12.595 n ₂ = 1.60994 ν ₂ = 60.8 8 (r ₄ ) 14.874 (d ₄ ) -2.376 n ₃ = 1.75327 ν ₃ = 27.7 9 (r ₅ ) 51.059 (d ₅ ) -3.170 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D d ₅ : -3.170 -1.493 -0.100 -4.320 10 (r ₆ ) -61.976 (d ₆ ) -5.987 n ₄ = 1.50649 ν ₄ = 68.3 11 (r ₇ ) 94.648 (d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -24.786 (d ₈ ) -8.420 n ₅ = 1.62119 ν ₅ = 60.1 13 (r ₉ ) 163.122 (d ₉ ) -8.337 14 (5) ∞ (display element) Y : -3.568 A: 17.761 °.

Example 8 Surface Number Curvature Radius Spacing Refractive Index Abbe Number (Eccentricity) (Tilt Angle) 1 (1) ∞ (Pupil) 53.065 2 (2) R _y -74.342 (Reflecting Surface) 0.000 Y: -31.260 A : 0.000 ° R _x -56.047 Z: 0.000 K _y 0.109508 K _x 0.074377 AR 0.152766 × 10 ^-6 BR -0.816826 × 10 ^-11 AP -0.768729 BP -2.05126 3 (3) R _y -13.925 0.000 n = 1.48790 ν = 70.4 R _x -50.846 Y: -30.694 A: 53.108 ° K _y -1.847003 Z: 6.291 K _x -1.515165 AR -0.314470 × 10 ^-5 BR 0.124164 × 10 ^-10 AP -1.99405 BP 1.19458 4 R _y -26.418 0.000 Y:- 53.926 A: 30.697 ° R _x -47.419 Z: 9.510 K _y -0.123396 K _x 9.710738 AR -0.183304 × 10 ^-4 BR -0.331076 × 10 ^-8 AP -0.254281 BP 1.24106 5 (r ₁ ) -101.150 (d ₁ )- 15.559 n ₁ = 1.65830 ν ₁ = 53.4 Y: -63.452 A: 25.215 ° Z: -9.946 6 (r ₂ ) 41.905 (d ₂ ) -5.749 7 (r ₃ ) -41.227 (d ₃ ) -12.741 n ₂ = 1.60849 _{ν 2 = 60.9 8 (r 4} ) 15.255 ( _{4) -1.000 n 3 = 1.75500 ν} 3 = 27.6 9 (r 5) 92.419 (d 5) -2.122 10 (r 6) -44.796 (d 6) -7.472 n 4 = 1.53638 ν 4 = 65.7 11 (r 7) 58.162 (d ₇ ) -0.500 12 (r ₈ ) -25.005 (d ₈ ) -8.807 n ₅ = 1.66520 ν ₅ = 52.8 13 (r ₉ ) 3628.295 (d ₉ ) -7.748 Diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D _{d 9: -7.748 -8.409 -8.195 -8.745 14} (5) ∞ ( display device) Y: -4.891 A: 20.999 ° diopter correction amount 0D -3D -6D + 2D Y: -4.891 -2.109 -1.580 -2.947 A: 20.999 ° 19.946 ° 18.887 ° 21.673 °.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the correction effect is particularly good in the fourth and eighth embodiments in which the diopter correction is performed by eccentrically moving. In addition, it is the first, second, fourth, sixth, and seventh embodiments that perform the diopter correction without changing the position of the pupil position 1 and the position of the two-dimensional image display element 5, and it is possible to reduce the movable portion. Since the size of the device itself does not change, it can be made smaller.

Although the optical system of the image display device of the present invention has been described above based on some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and various modifications can be made.

The inventions in the above claims can be further configured as follows. (4) The optical system of the image display device according to claim 1, wherein the screen of the image display element is movably provided so as to correct the diopter. (5) The optical system of the image display device according to (1), wherein at least one optical surface of the relay optical system is movably provided so as to correct diopter. (6) The image display device according to (1) or (4) or (5) above, wherein at least one optical surface of the eccentricity correction optical system is movably provided so as to correct diopter. Optical system. (7) The eyepiece optical system is movably provided so as to correct diopter, or (4) above.
The optical system of the video display device according to (5) or (6).

[0060]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, at least one optical element of the optical system of the image display device, which is a relatively complicated optical system having a wide angle of view, a high resolution, and an optical element. It is possible to provide an optical system of an image display device capable of realizing diopter correction by a simple method of moving the.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a power arrangement and paraxial ray tracing of an entire optical system of an image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing paraxial ray tracing in the case of myopia.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing paraxial ray tracing in the case of hyperopia.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing paraxial ray tracing when the eyepiece optical system is used as a diopter correction element.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing paraxial ray tracing when an eccentricity correction optical system is used as a diopter correction element.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing paraxial ray tracing when a relay optical system is used as a diopter correction element.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the behavior of light rays when an optical element having power is moved.

FIG. 8 is an optical path diagram of an optical system of the image display device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration of Example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration of Example 2;

FIG. 11 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration in 0 diopter of Example 3.

FIG. 12 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration in −3 diopter of Example 3.

FIG. 13 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration in −6 diopter of Example 3.

FIG. 14 is a YZ cross-sectional view showing the optical configuration in +2 diopter of Example 3.

FIG. 15 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration of Example 4;

FIG. 16 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration in 0 diopter of Example 5.

FIG. 17 is a YZ sectional view showing an optical configuration in −6 diopter of Example 5.

FIG. 18 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration of Example 6;

FIG. 19 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration of Example 7.

FIG. 20 is a YZ sectional view showing the optical configuration of Example 8.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a head-mounted image display device of the applicant's earlier application.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Observer's pupil (exit pupil) 2, 2 '... Eyepiece optical system 3, 3 ', 3 "... Decentering correction optical system 4,4 ', 4 "... Relay optical system 5, 5 '... two-dimensional image display device 7 ... Optical axis after reflection 10 ... Real image position formed by relay optical system 11 ... Object paraxial ray 12 ... Eye paraxial ray 15 ... Rays before diopter correction 16 ... Rays after diopter correction 50 ... Normal object position 51 ... Object position in case of myopia 52 ... Object position in case of hyperopia

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pupil plane, an image plane, and an optical system which is disposed between the pupil plane and the image plane and optically forms a position between the pupil plane and the image plane. The system is at least a reflecting optical surface that is a decentered concave surface and is configured by an aspherical shape that is non-rotationally symmetric,
A decentered curved surface and a transmissive optical surface formed of a non-rotationally symmetric aspherical surface, wherein at least one optical element in the reflective optical surface or the transmissive optical surface is for diopter correction. An optical system of an image display device, which is configured to move. 2. The optical system of the image display device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one movable optical element moves while decentering from an optical axis. Wherein the be moved at least one optical element movable, video according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance from the pupil surface to the image surface is configured so as not to be changed Display system optics.