JP3390128B2 - Breakwater and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a breakwater and a method for constructing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a structure which is combined with a revetment structure in an inner bay, and which is incorporated as a part of a waterside facility or a revetment of a tidal river. For this type of breakwater structure,
For example, a breakwater 500 as shown in FIG. 10 is known. The breakwater 500 is a so-called mixed breakwater, in which a caisson, which is a structure, is installed on a discard stone mound, and the caisson is a heavy object made of precast concrete.

Further, a pile type wave-dissipating structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-244)
No. 08) is also known. This pile type wave-dissipating structure
Two vertical water-permeable walls are installed in parallel, the space between the vertical water-permeable walls is held by a frame structure, and the piles attached to this frame structure fix it to the subsea ground.

In the breakwater shown in FIG. 10, since the front surface is an upright wall that is impermeable, it receives the waves of the open sea properly, and depending on the conditions, the pressure of the waves becomes extremely large and the waves are reflected. It has the disadvantage of large waves. Therefore, for example, the blocks 502 are often scattered over the peripheral area.

As described above, as a countermeasure against erosion of the coast facing the open ocean, a method of installing the block 502 near the coastline in parallel with the shoreline has been widely used, but the space used in the quiet area is narrow and It is not sufficient for environmental protection such as seawater exchange, and there is a drawback that maintenance is required due to scattering and settlement of blocks.

Furthermore, in recent years, revetments have been developed in various places in the waters of rivers or coasts so that humans can get close to the natural environment. In this type of revetment, steel sheet piles may be struck on the entire surface of the water, the inside of the sheet piles may be buried, and a promenade may be formed on it. As described above, in recent years, it has been desired to expand the space for enjoying the sea along with the expansion of leisure time, and improving the aesthetics of the sea is also a social issue, but such points cannot be dealt with by the above breakwater. Met.

[0007] Next, the pile type wave-dissipating structure is of a shore-breaking type, and two vertical water-permeable walls act as a wave-dissipating function to calm the inside of the bay, thereby sand on the shore. Although it is intended to prevent the abrasion of the sand and the movement of the sand, there is a problem that the sand is abraded and the sediment flows out as the water passes because it is a water permeable wall.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to prevent scattering and subsidence of blocks while securing a certain area facing the inside and outside of the bay as a quiet area. Breakwaters that can improve the aesthetics of ports and prevent the outflow of sediment in the bay.
And to provide a method of constructing the same.

[0009]

The breakwater according to the invention described in claim 1 has a deeper water depth from the shore toward the offshore.
As you go from the shore to the offshore,
A breakwater in which a plurality of breakwater structures are connected to each other,
Each of the number of wave- dissipating structures is a framework structure having a pile insertion hole , and a pile that is inserted into the pile insertion hole of the framework structure to fix the framework structure to the subsea ground, and A plurality of wave-dissipating blocks loaded in the framework structure, wherein the framework structure has two parallel wall portions partitioning the inside and the outside of the bay, and the one wall facing the bay The part has a wall with no opening and is formed by a vertical wall that prevents the outflow of sediment, and the other wall facing the outside of the bay is a water-permeable vertical wave breaker that cancels the waves outside the bay. The framework structure formed by walls
Is a number of precast subs divided in the height direction.
Each of the plurality of wave-dissipating structures, which is composed of a unit
Is different in the number of laminated layers of the plurality of subunits.
It is characterized by being formed at different heights according to the water depth .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, after the frame structure is installed on a predetermined water bottom ground, a pile is driven by using the pile insertion hole as a guide to fix the pile to the water bottom ground, or in advance. After the piles are driven with the space between them, the integrated or divided framework structures are inserted into the piles and integrated, and vertical walls are formed on the framework structures, for example, the outflow of sediment from the bay etc. Can be prevented.

Further, since the wave-dissipating block can be built in the space of the frame structure, it is possible to prevent scattering of the blocks as in the conventional case and improve the aesthetic appearance, and maintenance is unnecessary.

Further, by loading a plurality of wave-dissipating blocks in the frame structure, the wave passing through the opening is wave-dissipated by the wave-dissipating block and the wave-dissipating action keeps quiet.

[0013]

By forming a vertical wave-dissipating wall facing the outside of the bay , the wave from the open sea is extinguished, and the transmitted wave transmitted through the vertical wave-dissipating wall is canceled by the wave reflected by the vertical wall. The wave height can also be suppressed, and the energy of the waves traveling from the offshore to the shore can be attenuated to secure a quiet area on the shore side.

In the first aspect , the above-mentioned wave-dissipating structure is provided from the shore.
A breakwater is defined by connecting multiple breakwaters heading offshore .
Thus, for example Oite to protect Coast appearance is improved, it can be provided waterfront and get close environment.

The claim 1, further being sea bed soil is formed such depth becomes deeper toward the offshore from the shore, the wave dissipating structure of different heights depending on the water depth is articulated.

For this reason, the frame structure is arranged in the height direction.
Is it a plurality of precast subunits divided by
Each of the plurality of wave-dissipating structures,
By changing the number of stacked sub-units of
Then, they are formed at different heights. In this way, a jetty can be formed over a long distance up to a relatively deep offshore water, and further, a jetty can be formed according to the topography of any submarine ground.

The breakwater according to the invention of claim 2 is a contractor
In Claim 1, a plurality of the wave- dissipating structures are further connected in parallel with the shoreline at the offshore end of the breakwater.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the outflow of sediment in the bay in the direction from the shore to the offshore is prevented, and such a configuration can be suitably applied to, for example, a headland type jetty. The invention described in claim 3 is the same as that of claim 1 or 2.
The top surface of the frame structure is open,
Characteristic that a number of wave-dissipating blocks are exposed on the top side
And

[0020]

[0021]

The method of constructing a breakwater according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the method of constructing a breakwater according to the first aspect, each of which is made of precast.
A plurality of framework structures composed of a plurality of subunits, or shore
Water formed so that the water depth increases as it goes offshore
Different number of laminated sub-units on the bottom ground
And head offshore from the shore at different heights depending on the water depth.
And the step of installing the plurality of framework structures .
Insert the pile into each said pile insertion hole, and fixing the plurality of framework structures sea bed soil by implanting the piles into the sea bed soil, on the sea bed soil of the plurality of frameworks structure, unnecessary Stacking multiple wave-dissipating blocks
It is characterized by having.

According to the invention described in claim 4 , a plurality of services are provided.
By stacking multiple wave-dissipating blocks by connecting multiple frame structures with different heights depending on the depth of water and connecting multiple frame structures with different heights depending on the water depth, Can be prevented from shifting and the pile driving position is displaced. Therefore, it is possible to accurately perform positioning when installing the submarine ground. Furthermore, since the frame structure is constructed integrally, it requires less offshore construction, is safe, is stable due to the pile foundation, requires less maintenance, and has less effect on the sea floor. In addition, for example, it is possible to effectively use the wave-dissipating blocks such as the tetra pots that have been scattered and worn on the front surface of the conventional breakwater, and these wave-dissipating blocks can be hidden by the frame structure, so that the aesthetics of the harbor etc. are improved. To do.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the outline of the wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a wave-breaking structure 1 according to the present invention.

The wave-dissipating structure 1 of this example comprises a wave-dissipating structure unit 10 of a predetermined length, which is made of precast concrete that is cast in advance by steel-framed reinforced concrete (SRC).
As shown in FIG. 7 (A), so as to be substantially orthogonal to the shoreline,
A plurality of, for example, 10 (10-1 to 10-10) are connected and sequentially constructed and extended. In the figure, the wave-dissipating structure 1 connected in this way, that is, two jetties are formed in parallel to each other,
A beach is formed between these jetties. Here, the wave-dissipating structure 1 is formed of a seawater impermeable wall on the side facing the sea area B, and a permeable wall on the side facing the sea areas A and C. Thus, the waves from the sea areas A and C outside the bay are extinguished, but the sediment in the bay is prevented from flowing out to the sea areas A and C.

Moreover, each wave-dissipating structure unit 10 (10-
1 to 10-10) are arranged in stages so that the height of the subseabed ground 64 increases as the waterbed ground 64 inclines from the shore to the offshore, as shown in FIG. 7C. Has been done. Therefore, by preparing each wave-dissipating structure with a different height depending on the water depth in advance, it is possible to form a jetty over a long distance to the offshore where the water depth is relatively deep. It is possible to form jetty according to the situation.

The wave-dissipating structure units 10 will be described in detail below.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wave-dissipating structure unit 10 has a columnar shape having a foundation pile 12 for fixing to the seabed made of steel or concrete, and a pile insertion hole 43 into which the foundation pile 12 is inserted. Steel or concrete pillar 4
It is formed by a frame structure 40 composed of two and the beams 44a, 44b, 46 made of steel or concrete for connecting the respective column portions 42 and the vertical wall 30. Further, in the frame structure 40, there is a placing section 60 that is horizontally constructed at a height near the water bottom ground 64, and a plurality of wave-eliminating blocks 50 are loaded on the placing section 60.

Further, by disposing the beams 46 of the frame structure 40 at regular intervals, a plurality of wave-dissipating slits 22 are formed in the front surface (side facing the outside of the bay), for example, four steps (in the vicinity of the bottom seabed). The vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 is formed by providing three stages except the slit). Further, on the rear surface (side facing the bay), since the vertical wall 30 is arranged between the pillar portions 42, 42,
Seawater is impermeable.

As described above, each unit 10 is a unit in which the vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 and the vertical wall 30 installed vertically and in parallel are connected and integrated by the plurality of beams 44a and 44b and the column portion 42. There is.

The unit 10 may be divided in the height direction. In this case, the beam 46 and the vertical wall 30
The precast sub-unit is composed of the divided part of the four pillars 42, the beams 44a, and the beams 44b as one unit, and the unit 10 is formed by laminating a plurality of the sub-units, for example, four layers. Will be done. Thereby, a desired number of subunits can be stacked according to the water depth to form a unit having a desired height.

The beam 44a (44b) of the unit 10
Are provided in a plurality of, for example, three stages. For example, the beams 44a (4
A slit is also provided between 4b) to have a function of extinguishing waves flowing from the offshore to the shore in the area shown in FIG. 7 (A).

The vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 is arranged so as to face the outside of the bay and serves to extinguish waves of the open sea coming from the outside of the bay, and has a large number of wave-dissipating slits 22 penetrating from the front surface to the back surface thereof. Have The wave-eliminating slit 22 is set to be, for example, about 20% to 30% of the entire surface area of the vertical wave-eliminating wall 20. In addition, the height of the vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 is higher than the water level on the sea surface at high tide in consideration of the state of high waves, and the built-in wave-dissipating block 50 is concealed so that the aesthetic appearance is not deteriorated. About 2 above sea level
It is preferable to set the height higher by about 3 m.

The vertical wall 30 is arranged so as to face the inside of the bay and prevents the waves from being waved and prevents the outflow of the sediment in the bay. The vertical wall 30 is arranged in parallel with the vertical wave breaking wall 20 at a constant interval. There is. In this case, because the waves in the bay are relatively gentle,
The height of the vertical wall 30 is 2m higher than the sea level at high tide because the waves in the bay are not so high compared to the waves in the open sea.
The height may be set to a certain level.

Therefore, the vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 extinguishes the waves in the open sea and the bay, so that a quiet state is obtained in the bay.
Secure navigation within the bay.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wave-eliminating block 50 has a protruding portion 5 extending radially from the center in different directions.
It is a concrete block having 2, such as Tetrapot (trademark). This protrusion 52
As a result, each wave-dissipating block can be stably loaded without rolling due to wave force of seawater or the like. Also, wave-dissipating block 5
Compared with the conventional wave-dissipating structure that does not have 0, the vertical wave-dissipating wall has a relatively large slit interval between each beam, which reduces the amount of concrete used for the beam and reduces the manufacturing cost. It is possible to provide a high wave canceling function while reducing Furthermore, since the wave-dissipating blocks 50 are relatively lightweight, they can be easily collected and moved. Also,
In the breakwater, conventionally, the wave-dissipating blocks were randomly scattered around the breakwater, whereas in this example, the wave-dissipating blocks can be stored in the blocks of the frame structure, so that the appearance and appearance of the seawater can be improved. Improves the appearance of.

The wave-dissipating blocks 50 are not limited to tetrapots, but natural stones, solid waste from construction, coal ash, etc. are solidified, and are scattered on the sea side of conventional breakwaters and worn down. A wave breaking block or the like may be used. This makes it possible to effectively use unnecessary tetrapots and the like scattered on the front surface of the breakwater as a material having the wave-dissipating function of the unit. For this reason, cost reduction can be achieved by using the wave-dissipating block formed of the waste, while performing environmental protection by using the waste. Further, as the wave breaking block 50, by using the wave breaking block which is no longer needed because it is used in the breakwater, it is not necessary to manufacture a new wave breaking block, and the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the horizontal wave-dissipating plate for reducing the wave-dissipation energy loss rate, which was required for the conventional pile-type wave-dissipating structure, is no longer required.
Even without a horizontal wave-dissipating plate, a stable wave-dissipating effect can be obtained regardless of the wave period.

As shown in FIG. 4, the mounting portion 60 supports a plurality of wave-dissipating blocks 50 on the water bottom ground 64, and is formed by connecting a plurality of H-shaped steels 62 in a grid pattern. The frame structure 40 may be formed integrally or separately. Therefore, the weight of the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks 50 can prevent the wave-dissipating blocks 50 placed below from sinking into the relatively soft water bottom ground 64. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of deterioration of the wave-dissipating function in the upper sea area where the wave becomes relatively rough due to the sinking of the wave-dissipating block 50.
Further, even if the submarine ground is formed on a complicated surface, the wave-dissipating block 50 can be stably placed. In addition, if the mounting portion 60 is formed slightly above the water bottom ground 64, it is possible to allow water to pass through on the seabed while supporting a plurality of wave-dissipating blocks. In this case, the mounting portion 60 is the frame structure 40.
It is preferably formed integrally with.

Here, the foundation pile 12 and the framework structure 40 are connected as shown in FIG. That is, the frame structure 4
The column portion 42 of 0 is provided with a pile insertion hole 43 for inserting a pile, and the pile and the sand 66 are inserted into the pile insertion hole 43 so that they are connected to each other. Conventionally, cement milk or the like was injected between the pile 12 and the pile insertion hole 43, whereas in this example, sand 66 is filled between the pile 12 and the pile insertion hole 43 to buffer the sand. It functions as a material. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load sharing on the pile 12 while preventing the frame structure 40 from moving unstable due to waves. Moreover, it is not necessary to have a structure in which the pile 12 and the framework structure 40 are completely integrated, and by using the sand 66, the thickness and length of the pile can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

The wave-dissipating structure of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and its operation will be described below with reference to FIGS.

First, on land, the framework structure 4 is previously prepared.
0, the foundation pile 12, and the mounting portion 60 made of the H-shaped steel 62 are manufactured (step A). Next, the integrated or divided framework structure 40 is placed so that the vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 and the vertical wall 30 are substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the wave.
Install on 4 (step B).

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the framework structure 4 is formed.
In the state where 0 is positioned, the foundation pile 12 is used as a guide with the pile insertion hole 43 provided in advance in the pillar portion 42 as a guide.
4, and the foundation pile 12 and the framework structure 40 are fixed (step C). Further, under another condition, the foundation pile 12 is placed at a predetermined position on the water bottom ground 64 at regular intervals, and the wave-dissipating structure unit 10 is inserted into the frame structure 40 through the pile insertion hole 43 provided in advance, The foundation pile 12 and the frame structure 40 are fixed. In this case, since the weight of the precast structure is significantly lighter than that of the conventional mixed dike, the transportation and installation work thereof can be facilitated, and a sufficient wave preventing function inside and outside the bay can be realized.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the frame structure 40
The placing part 60 made of H-shaped steel 62 is installed on the sea bottom inside (step D). Then, the filling wave canceling block 50 is installed (step E). Further, sand 66 is filled between the foundation pile 12 and the pile insertion hole 43 (step F). Then, concrete is poured into the top end of the column portion 42 of the framework structure 40 left for filling with the filling sand 66 (step G).

Then, while fixing in this way, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the units 10 may be laterally connected to each other to enclose a predetermined area and form a bay or the like. And FIG.
As shown in (A), the beach is filled with earth and sand for an artificial beach. It is also possible to completely close a certain area and use it like a marine park.

Wave-dissipating structure 1 thus formed
The vertical wave-dissipating wall 20 serves to extinguish waves from the open sea, and the vertical wall 30 prevents the outflow of sediment in the bay. Therefore, the wave will be surely dissipated in the bay, the calm state will be maintained, and a friendly environment at the seaside will be secured.

As described above, the first embodiment has the following effects.

(1) Since the wave-dissipating block can be housed in the block of the frame structure, the appearance and appearance of the seawater can be improved even in the sea area.

(2) A vertical wave-dissipating wall having wave-dissipation slits for wave-extinguishing and a vertical wall for preventing sediment outflow can wave-dissipate waves in the open sea. The wave disappears surely, and the calmness in the bay can be secured. Also,
It is also possible to suppress the height of waves reflected by hitting a structure from the offshore side.

(3) The slit spacing between the beams is made relatively wide to reduce the amount of concrete used for the beams,
A high wave-dissipating function can be provided while reducing the manufacturing cost. Further, since the wave-dissipating blocks are relatively lightweight, they can be easily collected and moved.

(4) The weight of the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks can prevent the wave-dissipating blocks placed below from sinking to the relatively soft water bottom ground. Further, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of deterioration of the wave-dissipating function in the upper sea area where the wave becomes relatively rough due to the sinking of the wave-dissipating block. Furthermore, the wave-dissipating block can be stably placed even if the seabed is formed on a complicated surface.

(5) Fill sand between the pile and the pile insertion hole,
Since the sand functions as a cushioning material, it is possible to reduce the load sharing on the piles while preventing the framework structure from moving unstable due to waves. Moreover, it is not necessary to have a structure in which the pile and the frame structure are completely integrated, and by using the sand 66, the thickness and length of the pile can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

(6) Since the wave-dissipating structure unit is constructed integrally or in a divided manner, it does not require a large amount of work at sea and is safe, and because it is a pile foundation, it does not require maintenance and has little effect on the sea floor.

While the apparatus and method of the present invention have been described in accordance with some specific embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art can describe the text of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Various modifications can be made to the embodiment. For example, in the above example, the vertical wave-dissipating wall facing the outside of the bay is formed as a wall having a water-permeable function, but a vertical wall that blocks the passage of water on the outside of the bay is also used. You may form. Also, these vertical wave breakers,
The wall portion such as the vertical wall does not necessarily need to be substantially vertical to the water surface, and may be formed as an inclined wall that is inclined. In addition, in the wave-dissipating structure unit installed near the shore, one of the walls is a complete vertical wall, but in the wave-dissipating unit installed offshore where the water depth is relatively deep, the outflow of sediment is expected. It is also possible to form a vertical wall in the shape of a shielding plate only at the height of the part to be covered, and to form an opening to allow water to pass through at other heights near the water surface where the influence of sediment outflow is small. I don't care.

The present invention can also be applied to a jetty formed by the headland method as shown in FIG. 7 (B). In the same figure, the offshore ends of the jetties 2 and 4 as the first breakwaters arranged orthogonal to the shoreline are arranged in parallel with the shoreline and formed into the second T-shape. Head portions 3 and 5 as breakwaters are formed respectively. In the jetty 2 and 4, the above-mentioned wave-dissipating structure unit 10 is used, and in the head portions 3 and 5, the wave-dissipating structure unit 10 'shown in FIG. 8 is used.

This wave-dissipating structure unit 10 'differs from the wave-dissipating structure unit 10 in that it has vertical wave-dissipating walls 20', 30 'facing the offshore side and the shore side, respectively.

With this structure, the head portions 3 and 5 prevent the sand from flowing out of natural seashores, artificial seashores artificially sanded by the jetty 2 and 4 while flowing out. The waves inside and outside the bay, especially the waves going from the offshore to the shore, are also eliminated,
You can make the jetty quiet. In this way, by constructing a structure consisting of jetty and the head part at the tip at regular intervals, by the headland construction method that makes the coast a stable beach, the impermeable wall side preserves the sand beach side, and the permeable wall, It is possible to reduce reflected waves and improve wave resistance.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9 (A), a vertical water permeable wall made of concrete having a large number of holes 74 in the front surface,
Alternatively, the wave-dissipating structure unit 70 may be formed by vertical wave-dissipating plates 72 in which strip-shaped flat plates are arranged at regular intervals.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9 (B), in the wave-dissipating structure unit 100, the top between the vertical wave-eliminating plate 120a and the vertical wave-proofing plate 134, and the vertical plate 120b and the vertical wave-proofing plate 1 are provided.
34 on each of the tops between 34 and 34, forming a passage 160, 162 on the outside and inside of the bay for walking on the sea.
4, 166 may be provided. Each top plate 1
64 and 166 may be integrally precast with each of the above-described constituent members, or may be fastened by bolting or the like after driving the foundation pile 112.

The passage 160 on the outer side of the bay is located at a sufficient height from the sea surface and its periphery is open.
Further, handrails 168 for safety measures are attached to both sides thereof.

The passage 162 inside the bay is the passage 16 outside the bay.
It is provided at a position lower than 0. Further, a side surface and an upper surface of the passage 162 on the inner side of the bay facing the inner side of the bay are covered with a roof cover 169 made of transparent tempered glass so that a walk on the sea can be performed while watching the inside of the bay without receiving the splash of waves. Therefore, by providing the road tops 164 and 166 and forming the passages 160 and 162 for strolling on the sea, it is possible to increase the space for strolling on the sea and enjoy the sea, and to achieve multipurpose use.

It should be noted that it is possible to provide the road top plate 164 with a gap that does not hinder walking. The road top plate 164 is used when the large wave is dissipated.
The wave acts from below to push up the road surface top plate 164, and excessive pressure is applied to the road surface top plate 164. Therefore, the wave force below the road surface top plate 164 can be released by the gap. As a result, the strength of the road surface top plate 164 does not need to be so high.

As described above, as an ornamental device, it is possible to fully enjoy a walk on the sea by using the passages 160 and 162 formed at the top. In this case, as in this example, the passage 160 facing the outside of the bay is set to have a high height above the water surface against high waves, and the passage 162 facing the inside of the bay is set to have a low height above the water surface because the waves inside the bay are low. However, it is possible to easily realize the attachment structure of the roof cover 169 of the passage 162 on the side close to the water surface by utilizing the stepped portion between the passages 160 and 162 which is generated for this reason. This allows humans to become more familiar with the waterside natural environment.

If a passage is provided at the top of the wave-dissipating structure and the heights of the passages are different from each other, it is possible to dispose a stairway or a similar structure capable of going back and forth between both passages. is there. A jetty may be connected to such a wave-dissipating structure. Also, as a configuration that realizes the wave canceling function,
A structure may be employed in which a plurality of plates having a predetermined width are arranged vertically or horizontally at intervals and a slit-shaped gap between the plates is used as a wave-eliminating hole. Further, the passage holes may be formed by slits notched at intervals.

Further, the vertical wave-dissipating wall, the vertical wall and the frame structure may be integrally made of concrete. further,
The frame structure is not limited to being made of precast material, but may be a structure in which concrete is cast into a frame formed by framing reinforcing bars.

Further, the present invention can be applied to beach nourishment, artificial beach, jetty etc. used as an auxiliary facility for an anchorage. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the one that is placed on the revetment of the coast, but can be similarly applied to urban rivers, lakes, swamps, etc., and especially when placed in a place where water pollution is remarkable, the ecosystem can be restored. An environment familiar to humans can be established at such waterfronts that can promote water purification in the area.

[0067]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the wave-breaking structure of FIG.

3 is a perspective view showing the wave-breaking structure of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of the wave-breaking structure of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the wave-breaking structure of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the wave-breaking structure of FIG. 1.

7A and 7B are explanatory views showing a beach on which the wave-dissipating structure of FIG. 1 is installed. FIG. 7A is a plan view of the beach when it is formed by a jetty, and FIG. 7B is a headland type jetty. FIG. 3C is a plan view of the beach when the seafloor is formed as shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention.

9A is a perspective view showing an example of another wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 9B is an example of another wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention. It is a perspective view shown.

FIG. 10 (A) is a plan view of a shoreline, and FIG. 10 (B).
[Fig. 6] is a partially cutaway side view showing a wave breaking structure in a conventional coastline and breakwater.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Wave-dissipating structure 10, 100, 200, 300, 400 Wave-dissipating structure unit 12 Foundation pile 20, 120a, 210, 410a Vertical wave-dissipating wall 30, 120b, 410b Vertical wall 22a, 22b Wave-dissipating slit 40 Frame structure 42 Pillar 43 Pile insertion holes 44a, 44b, 46a, 46b Beam 50 Wave-dissipating block 60 Mounting portion 62 H-shaped steel 500 Breakwater 502 Block

Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-6-272225 (JP, A) Patent 2549752 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 3/06 301

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] [1] The water depth increases as it goes offshore from the shore
As you go from the shore to the offshore,
A breakwater in which a plurality of wave-dissipating structures are connected, each of the plurality of wave- dissipating structures being a frame structure having a pile insertion hole, and being inserted into the pile insertion hole of the frame structure. A plurality of wave-dissipating blocks loaded in the frame structure, the frame structure being parallel to each other for partitioning the inside and the outside of the bay. One of the two wall sections facing the inside of the bay has a wall surface without an opening and is formed by a vertical wall that prevents the outflow of sediment, and the other of the wall sections that faces the outside of the bay Is formed by a water-permeable vertical wave-dissipating wall that dissipates waves outside the bay, and the frame structure is divided into pre-cassings in the height direction.
And each of the plurality of wave-dissipating structures is made up of a plurality of subunits made of
By changing the number of stacks of
The breakwater is characterized by being formed by 2. A breakwater according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of the breakwater structures connected at an offshore end of the breakwater substantially parallel to the shoreline. 3. The frame structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the top surface of the frame structure is open,
The wave block is exposed on the top side
breakwater. 4. Each of the precasts according to claim 1.
Forming multiple framework structures consisting of multiple sub-units made from G. so that the water depth increases from the shore to the offshore
The number of stacked sub-units is added to the submerged ground.
Different from the shore to the offshore at different heights depending on the water depth
A step of connecting to placed to face, to insert the pile into the pile insertion hole in each of said plurality of framework structures, fixing the plurality of framework structures sea bed soil by implanting the piles into the sea bed soil And a step of loading a plurality of unnecessary wave-dissipating blocks on the subseabed ground in the plurality of framework structures, the method of constructing a breakwater .