JP3376550B2 - Assembly describing disassembly procedure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assembly composed of a plurality of parts such as electric appliances and automobiles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, it has been urged to reduce the waste treatment of household waste discharged from general consumers and industrial waste discharged from companies and to reuse parts / members. . Conventionally, for each assembly, there is a technical guide or the like for the purpose of repair during use. In this guide, some of the parts where the combination is difficult and the disassembly procedure is complicated were explained using figures and photos (videos).

In order to separate and disassemble the assembly using this technical guide, first, while removing the visually recognizable joint, the disassembly worker searches for the next joint by inferring from the structural joint state. After disassembling the bond, proceed with the disassembly while confirming whether it agrees with the guess. And only if there is a part specified in the technical guide,
Disassembly of that part becomes easy.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned configuration, the technical guides of all the assemblies handled by the disassembling workers are retained for a long time (and the technical guides are generally distributed to these workers. Work efficiency is also poor because it is necessary to disassemble it and the disassembly is only partially described. Therefore, even if there is a valuable part, it is not sufficiently disassembled, and it is difficult to reuse it.

In view of the above problems of the conventional assembly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an assembly that facilitates separation and disassembly when the assembly is discarded.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems] assembly of the present invention is the assembly in which a plurality of components are joined, said at least a portion of each bond, the indicating means indicating that degrade coupled to the next coupling according decomposition procedure This finger is provided near the location
The means for indicating at least the relative position of the joint to be removed next
It is displayed .

[0007]

According to the present invention, with the above-described structure, the indicating means presents the disassembling procedure by indicating the connection to be disassembled next time, and the disassembling operator does not have to disassemble the structure while inferring the structure of the assembly. No special knowledge of the assembly is required. In other words, the disassembling work can be advanced only by executing the instructed disassembling procedure, and it becomes easy to take out valuable parts. As a result, more of the discarded assembly is reused and less is discarded.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the disassembling procedure of a washing machine which is an assembly of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a washing machine which is a main body, 2 is a body A, 3 is a body B, 4 is four screws for connecting the bodies A and B, and 5 is a dehydrator which is suspended inside the body A. The receiver, 6 are four suspensions supporting the dehydration receiver 5, and 7 is a disassembly procedure symbol which is an instruction means showing a disassembly procedure. Other components are omitted.

Disassembly procedure code 7 used in this embodiment
Is an instruction means for instructing a bond to be decomposed next in the vicinity of the bond. An example of this description is shown in (Table 1).

[0011]

[Table 1]

In the disassembly procedure symbol 7, "M", "N"
Is the type of bond divided into three, "M" indicates the type of bond at this location, and "N" indicates the type of bond to be decomposed next. Further, "m0" indicates an instruction for the bond at this place, and "n0" indicates the relative position of the bond "N" to be decomposed next by an arrow. The subscripts “m1” and “n1” of “M” and “N” are classifications of the same coupling type that couples the same parts, and are a, b, c ,. ,
It increases as aa, ab, ac, .... The subscript "m
The subscripts “m2” and “n2” of “1” and “n1” indicate the classification according to the number of connection points that are the same connection type, and 1, 2, 3, ..., 10, 11 , ... increase.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, since the body A and the body B are connected by the four screws 4, "M" is the screw and bolt type "V", and the four screws are used. Since the same parts are connected, the subscript "m1" is the same a
, And there are four connection points, so the subscript "m2"
Becomes 1 to 4.

The command indicated by the position "m0" is
"*" Indicates that it is a bond at the place where decomposition starts, and an arrow indicates that a part (group) can be separated by removing this bond, and also indicates the direction of removal.

The disassembly of the washing machine 1 having such a structure is easy because at least a bond to be disassembled next (bond position and relative position) is described near each bond.
That is, in this embodiment, the disassembling worker first uses the screw 4 of Va1.
To remove Va2, Va3 and Va4 one after another. Va4 screw 4
After removing the body, pull it upwards to move body B
Then, while referring to Fa1, one of the suspensions 6 fitted inside the body A is removed, and the disassembly work is continued.

As described above, the disassembling procedure is specified near each joint of the assembly by using the disassembling procedure symbol 7 which is the indicating means, so that the disassembling operator can guess the joining method or determine the joining position. There is no need to blindly search and it can be disassembled efficiently. Further, it is possible to avoid disassembling the reusable member by forcibly disassembling it without knowing the joining place. Further, it is not necessary to store a technical guide or the like for each assembly, and it is only necessary to know how to describe the disassembly procedure. Since this description method does not need to describe the technical contents, each company can easily disclose it, and the disassembling worker can easily collect information. Furthermore, the disassembly procedure is described not only for disposal but also for repair and reuse, so disassembly at the time of repair becomes easy.

In the case where the parts are separated into two or more parts by removing the connection, for example, "Nn1n2" is described by describing two or more connection positions and relative positions.

These disassembly procedure symbols 7 can be printed on the surface of each part or a printed sticker can be attached, but the parts can be easily engraved on the mold so that the parts can be reused as materials. It is preferable that the same material is used to form the characters in the concave or convex portions on the surface.

Further, in this embodiment, the decomposition procedure is represented by the decomposition procedure symbol 7 shown in (Table 1), but at least the bond to be decomposed next may be indicated. For example, the bond to be decomposed next is only indicated by an arrow, the bond types are classified into four or more types, not only the current bond location and the bond location to be decomposed next, but also the It is also possible to display the combining location that should have been done.

Further, the disassembly procedure may be illustrated in a place which has a large area such as the body A and is not directly visible to general consumers, instead of being displayed by using the symbols shown in this embodiment. . In this case, instead of showing the entire disassembly of the assembly in one drawing, for example, the disassembly of the bodies A and B is shown in the body A, and the part from which the dehydration receiver 5 is taken out is specified on the side surface of the dehydration receiver 5. It can also be displayed near each part according to the disassembled state. In other words, in short, the indicating means of the present invention only needs to be a means for indicating a bond that will be decomposed next according to the decomposition procedure.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 2, 3 and 4 are tree diagrams showing a connection including a master-slave relationship of all parts of the washing machine 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is arranged below FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 is arranged below FIG. In this tree diagram, the part that shows the horizon is the "major", and the part that draws the perpendicular to the horizon is expressed as the "subordinate". For example, body B
(The left uppermost part in FIG. 2) is a part connected to the body A (fourth from the lower left in FIG. 4), and further, the body B is connected to the body A with four screws and bolts. You can see (it is written as "4V" in the upper right part of FIG. 2, that is, the type of connection is screws and bolts, and the number of connections is four).

Reusing all of these components increases disassembly costs and is often not cost-effective. Therefore, it is economically desirable to reuse only parts (valued materials) that are valuable even if they are recycled. Therefore, for example, the above-described disassembly procedure symbol 7 is described in the washing machine 1 so that only the part (judged to be valuable) displayed at the left end of the thick solid lines in FIGS.

This disassembling procedure is sequentially carried out from the right end of the thick solid line in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, and according to this disassembling procedure, for example, disassembling into the washing machine 1 using the disassembling procedure symbol 7 according to the method described in (Table 1). Describe the procedure.

Valuable materials are those which are judged to be valuable at the time of assembling the assembly, and can be reused, for example, as metals such as iron, aluminum and copper having a component weight of 100 g or more, and as components such as motors and batteries. It is something that can be done.
Moreover, although the value at the time of reuse is low, since thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene can be incinerated to reduce the amount, it is considered to be reusable by recovering thermal energy, For example, 10
It is preferable to include in the decomposition procedure so that 0 g or more of the thermoplastic resin alone or the mixture is separated and decomposed.

In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the disassembly procedure is specified on the assembly using the disassembly procedure symbol 7, so that the disassembly operator can guess the connection method and determine the position of the connection. There is no need to blindly search and it can be disassembled efficiently. Since this disassembly is also displayed so as not to be disassembled excessively, disassembly cost can be reduced.
Further, since it is not necessary to describe the disassembling procedure for all the bonds, the assembly can be manufactured at a lower cost than the first embodiment at the time of manufacturing.

In the first or second embodiment,
In order to make it easy to find the joint, it is possible to color the joint and its surroundings with a color different from other parts, or to color the above-mentioned disassembly procedure symbol. If fluorescent ink is used for this coloring, it will be easier to distinguish each bonding part by fluorescence when irradiating light (ultraviolet light) sufficiently for disassembly work and then working in a room with a little lighting off. It is especially recommended because it makes the discrimination easier than with normal coloring.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows the washing machine 1 shown in FIG.
The bottom of the dehydration receiver 5 is viewed from directly below and from the side,
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a coupled state of a motor and the like arranged below a dehydration receiver 5. 10 is a washing motor, 11
Is a dehydration motor, 12 is a bearing pulley, 13 is a dehydration receiving plate for fixing the washing motor 10, the dehydration motor 11 and the bearing pulley 12, and 14 is a cord-like member which is an instruction means for indicating a disassembling procedure by connecting the respective connecting points. It is a connected body. The washing motor 10 has two washing motor couplings 10a, and the dehydration motor 11 has two dehydrating motor couplings 11a.
Reference numeral 2 is connected to the dehydration receiving plate 13 by four bearing pulley couplings 12a. Further, the dehydration receiving plate 13 is sandwiched by eight dehydration receiving plate couplings 13 a and a pulsator (not shown) connected to the shaft of the bearing pulley 12 and connected to the dehydration receiving plate 5. It should be noted that small parts such as a V-belt that connects the washing motor 10 and the dehydration motor 11 to the bearing pulley 12 have already been removed.

At this portion, the dehydration receiving plate 13 is configured to be released only after the washing motor 10, the dehydration motor 11 and the bearing pulley 12 are removed. Moreover, in reality, the two motors can be released only by uncoupling each connection, but the bearing pulley 12 cannot be removed only by releasing the bearing pulley connection 12a arranged around it. The contents of these configurations are expressed by the cord-shaped connector 14 in this embodiment. The operation of the cord-like connection body 14 will be shown while showing how the disassembly is performed below.

The dismantling of this portion begins with the washing motor coupling 10a, which is one end of the string-like connecting body 14 with the tag 14a marked "S", and the washing motor 10 is released from these two couplings. It will come off naturally at the point of time. Next, the string-shaped connection body 14 is connected to the dehydration motor coupling 11a,
It has been shown to break these two bonds. At this time as well, the dehydration motor 11 is naturally disengaged as the coupling is released. Then, since the connecting body is connected to the bearing pulley coupling 12a, it can be seen that it is the order to release these couplings.
It can be seen that a tag 14b called "Pulsator" is arranged on the way, and it is necessary to remove the pulsator before removing the bearing pulley 12. After the pulsator is removed, the bearing pulley coupling 12a is removed, and finally the dehydration receiving plate coupling 13a.
By releasing, all of this part is dismantled.

That is, in the present embodiment, the disassembling procedure is shown as the string-like connecting bodies 14 are connected, and for example, 2
Bearing pulley coupling 1 if only one motor is to be removed
It is possible to avoid unnecessarily uncoupling such as the fact that it is not necessary to remove the connection 2a or the dehydration receiving plate connection 13a. That is,
In the present embodiment, it is not necessary to present even the description method as in the first embodiment to the disassembler / disassembler, and the disassembly procedure can be easily shown. In this embodiment, either the washing motor 10 or the dehydration motor 11 may be released first. In such a case, it is preferable to arrange the connecting body so that the one having higher value is released.

The string-like connector 14 may be any one that can be held in a state in which the respective connections are connected even after the assembly is used. For example, natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, polyethylene,
It is composed of a string-like material composed of a simple substance or a composite of plastics such as polypropylene and metals such as soft iron and copper. The string-like connector 14 can be arranged in a joint including screws and fittings by covering the joint or winding it around a convex portion of the joint. At the bonded portion, a part of the string-like connector 14 is also bonded at the same time, or is temporarily fixed in the vicinity of the bonded portion with a double-sided tape or the like.

In the present embodiment, the tag 14a "S" is arranged at one end of the string-like connecting body 14 corresponding to the start of the uncoupling to clarify the uncoupling start position. It is also possible to display another at the other end corresponding to the end, to show each start and end at both ends, or to display nothing at both ends if it can be inferred only by the connection.

When there is a part that needs to be released in the middle as in the present embodiment, it is preferable to indicate the part / part to be released using the tag 14b, but it is not necessary to display it at all. The parts / parts to be released do not have to show the part names as in the present embodiment, but the disassembly procedure symbols as described above can be used.

FIG. 6 shows another example of the structure of the cord-shaped connector 14. The cord-shaped connector 14 is composed of a head portion 14c that covers the joint and a cord portion 14d that connects the head portion 14c, and the head portion 14c has the disassembly order indicated by numbers as illustrated. Therefore, even if the string-like connector 14 is not connected according to the disassembling procedure, it can be configured with the shortest length as shown in the drawing, so that it can be manufactured at low cost and can be efficiently arranged in the assembly.
Further, in the present embodiment, the head portion 14c of the string-like connector 14 can be arranged so as to cover the screws and the like, and it is possible to obtain an effect that the screws are not loosened.

The instruction means for indicating the disassembling procedure is not limited to this configuration, and of course, description is given to each part using the disassembling procedure symbols shown in the first and second embodiments and the third embodiment. It is also possible to use a cord-shaped connecting body together.

Although the washing machine has been described in this embodiment, not only other electric devices but also an assembly composed of a plurality of parts such as an automobile and a manufacturing device can be similarly applied.

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is an assembly in which a plurality of parts are joined, and in at least a part of each of the above-mentioned joints, an instruction indicating a joint to be disassembled next according to a disassembling procedure. Since the means is provided, the indicating means indicates the connection to be disassembled in the vicinity of each connection, making it easy for a person who does not understand the configuration of the assembly to disassemble and facilitating reuse of parts and members. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a washing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an upper part of a combined tree diagram of the washing machine for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a central portion of a combined tree diagram of the washing machine for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a lower part of the combined tree diagram of the washing machine for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram in the vicinity of a motor of a washing machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of another string-like connector used in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 washing machine 2 body A 3 Body B 4 screws 5 dehydration 6 suspension 7 Disassembly procedure symbol 10 washing motor 11 Dehydration motor 12 Bearing pulley 13 Dehydration receiving plate 14 String-like connection

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued front page (56) Reference JP-A-6-159734 (JP, A) JP-A-2-224939 (JP, A) JP-A-6-164158 (JP, A) JP-A-6- 165893 (JP, A) JP-A-6-168254 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23P 19/00-21/00 B09B 5/00 D06F 39/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. In an assembly in which a plurality of parts are joined, at least a part of each of the couplings is provided with an indicating means indicating a coupling to be subsequently disassembled according to a disassembling procedure, the indicating means being in the vicinity of the coupling point. An assembly with a disassembly procedure characterized in that it displays the relative position of at least the next uncoupling point. Wherein indicating means, the assembly described decomposition procedure according to claim 1, wherein a shows the decomposition steps by connecting between the bond string-like assembly.