JP3374904B2 - Dioxin decomposition method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
Included in outgassingDioxin that decomposes dioxin
The present invention relates to a method for disassembling a component. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Dioxins, which are organochlorine chemicals, are:
Waste in general incinerators, especially plastics such as vinyl chloride
Occurs when incinerators are incinerated. This dioxin is very
A substance that is highly toxic to soil, through soil and crops,
Accumulates in organisms through the sea and gradually concentrates in the food chain
There is a risk of getting into the human body. Also fly into the atmosphere
When dissipated, the creature sucks it directly and accumulates in its body.
There is also the danger of being caught. For this reason, dioxin emissions are reduced.
It is an urgent task to establish a practical technology to control this.
As a conventional technology, discharge from a honeycomb in contact with exhaust gas
The exhaust gas passing through it is heated by
What decomposes toxin (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-1176)
No. 98) or excimer laser is irradiated to harmful gas.
One that decomposes the harmful substance (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-8 / 1995)
745) has been proposed. [0003] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, the former technique
Operation is performed by radiating heat from the honeycomb,
Because the output gas is heated, the distribution of the exhaust gas
If the speed cannot be increased and the equipment becomes larger,
There was a problem. The latter uses an excimer laser.
In that it directly decomposes dioxin
Advantageous, but very high power demands cost
Not practical in terms of In light of these circumstances,
Ming says that CO_Two Wear that molecule contains
Eye, this is CO_Two Heating efficiently with laser light
Harmful substances, such as dioxins, are reduced to their decomposition temperature.
Of harmful substances that can be heated by heating
And an apparatus therefor. [0004] That is, the method of the present invention comprises:
From incinerators, etc.CO emissions ₂ Molecule and dioxin
InclusiveCO in exhaust gas₂Irradiate the laser lightThe CO ₂ Les
The CO ₂ The molecule is heated and the heated C
O ₂ Dioxin is released by the heat energy of molecules.Decomposition temperature
To the extent that it is present in the exhaust gas.Dioxin
Is decomposed. [0005] According to the present invention, the exhaust gas generally contains a large amount of
CO_Two Since this molecule contains molecules,_Two
Extremely efficient CO_Two Heating molecules
Hazardous substances such as dioxins
Heating the material to its decomposition temperature to decompose efficiently
Can be. [0006] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
In FIG. 1, the exhaust duct 1 is arranged vertically.
The lower part is connected to a garbage incinerator (not shown).
The upper part communicates with the exhaust outlet. And the above garbage incineration
The exhaust gas from the furnace etc. is indicated by the arrow in FIG.
In the meantime, the gas flows in the exhaust duct 1 from below to above.
ing. The exhaust duct 1 has an upper part 1a and a lower part.
The part 1b is a rectangular parallelepiped whose horizontal cross section has almost the same cross-sectional area
It has a shape, but the exhaust gas flow path surface
An aperture 1c having a reduced product is provided. That is, the illustrated implementation
In the example, the length of the horizontal section in the X direction in the narrowed portion 1c is
From the length of the upper part 1a and the lower part 1b in the same direction
Is also quite small. On the other hand, the upper
Blocks 2 are provided at both ends in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction.
Attached (see FIG. 2), so that it is located at the narrowed portion 1c.
In the outer surface, the length in the Y direction is
It is longer than the lower part 1b. However, within
In the flow portion of the exhaust gas, the throttle portion 1c and the upper portion
The part 1a and the lower part 1b are set almost identically.
You. And between the upper portion 1a and the throttle portion 1c, and
Triangular prism-shaped portions between the ridge portion 1c and the lower portion 1b.
They are connected by minutes 1d and 1e. [0007] An extension in the Y direction is provided outside the aperture portion 1c.
CO on the line_Two A laser oscillator 3 is provided.
What is the oscillator 3 and the upper end of the block 2 provided in the diaphragm 1c
They are connected by a tube 4 arranged in the horizontal direction.
And CO from the laser oscillator 3_Two The laser beam L is
Through the tube 4 and the block 2 to the inside of the throttle 1c.
It is capable of emitting radiation. Also, the aperture
In the blocks 2 provided at both ends of the portion 1c,
Moves the two reflecting mirrors 5 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
The laser oscillator 3
Laser emitted into the inside of the diaphragm 1c through the tube 4
The light L is sequentially reflected by the four reflecting mirrors 5.
And the inside of the diaphragm 1c is radiated in a zigzag manner.
Is absorbed by the damper 6. This
In this case, the flow of exhaust gas in the X direction
The path width is substantially the same as the width of the laser light L, or
It is set slightly narrow, so that the exhaust duct 1
5 CO_Two It is closed five times with laser light.
You. Therefore, the exhaust gas flowing through the throttle portion 1c is
The laser beam L flows through the five laser beams L. Also, each
Although not shown, the reflecting mirror 5 and the beam damper 6 are
Each can be cooled by a cooling medium such as water
I'm trying. Next, the above-mentioned exhaust gas generally contains
The presence of substances such as ash and tar
It is necessary to protect the mirror 5 and the beam damper 6 from them
is there. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
At both sides of the path of the laser beam L and at each reflection mirror
5 and an air passage 7 is formed.
Facing each other in the passage 7 and slightly in the exhaust duct 1
An injection hole 7a is formed facing the same. Therefore, the injection hole 7
The dry air injected into the passage of the laser light L from
The air curtain that blocks the passage of the laser light L is formed at the part
The exhaust gas comes into contact with the reflecting mirror 5
Try to prevent. Although not shown, block
Similarly, the air curtain is connected to the connection between the
To form exhaust gas
The intrusion into the tube 4 is prevented. In the above configuration, CO 2_Two Laser oscillator
3 to CO_Two Exhaust duct while emitting laser light L
1 through the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas
As described above, when flowing through the narrowed portion 1c of
The laser beam L flows through the five laser beams L. Then,
In general, a large amount of CO_Two Contains molecules
And CO by laser light L_Two Molecules are instantly heated
Become like That is, CO_Two Laser is CO_Two The molecule is d
Fired when energy drops from a high level to a low level
On the contrary, from low level to high level
Does going up absorb light of the same wavelength?
It is. And dioxin molecules are adsorbed on incineration ash etc.
Especially in the exhaust gas. _Two The amount of molecules is high
And CO_Two When molecules are heated, CO_Two The molecule is dioxy
CO2 by colliding with the molecule_Two Heat of molecules
The energy is transferred and the dioxin molecules are also effectively heated.
Will be. And generally, dioxin is about 850
If heated above ℃, it can be decomposed. Special
In this embodiment, the exhaust gas is multiplexed by laser light (5
Dioxin)
Can be decomposed into FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the aperture portion 1c in the above embodiment is omitted.
The exhaust duct 11 has a simple rectangular parallelepiped shape. So
In this case, the exhaust gas circulation area becomes large.
Ejects a plurality of reflection mirrors 15 and beam dampers 16
It is arranged in a horizontal direction that intersects with the gas flow direction._Two Les
The laser beam L from the laser oscillator 13 is reflected in a horizontal plane.
I am trying to. As a result, in the exhaust duct 11
The cross section of the exhaust gas passage is closed by the laser light L, and the exhaust gas is exhausted.
The outgoing gas always passes through the laser beam L. So
The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Real truth
Also in the embodiment, the exhaust gas is heated by the laser light L.
Can decompose dioxin
You. FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the laser beam L provided in the block 22 passes through.
An air passage 27 is formed only on one side of the road.
Of the laser light L from the injection hole 27a
So that it can be injected inside. And leh
The other side of the path of the light L is injected from the injection hole 27a.
A recovery passage 28 for recovering the collected dry air is formed.
The dry air and exhaust gas collected in the collection passage 28 are
An upstream side of the exhaust duct 21 via a passage (not shown),
That is, the laser beam L is supplied upstream from the irradiation position.
I can do it. With such a configuration,
Dry air injected from the injection hole 27a
Can be formed, and this air curtain
To prevent exhaust gas from contacting the reflecting mirror 25
Can be. Although not shown, a plurality of COs₂Laser emission
A shaker can be provided. And CO₂Laser oscillator
May be located immediately downstream of the incinerator, or
It may be provided downstream of the dust collector provided downstream of the furnace.
No. Both may be provided, but the position immediately downstream of the incinerator is
Since the exhaust gas is hot, it is more efficient to install it in this part.
No. [0013] As described above, according to the present invention, the discharge gas
CO contained in steel₂CO molecule₂Polarized by laser light
Can be heated efficientlyDaioki
ShinCan be efficiently heated to its decomposition temperature
The effect is obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part showing a third embodiment of the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1, 11, 21: Exhaust duct 1c: Throttle section 2, 22: Block 3, 13: CO ₂ laser oscillator 5, 15, 25: Reflector mirror 7, 27: Air passage 7a, 27a: Injection hole

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-256056 (JP, A) JP-A 9-171099 (JP, A) JP-A 10-165755 (JP, A) JP-A 7-56075 11464 (JP, A) JP-A-8-103623 (JP, A) JP-A-4-293539 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01D 53/32 B01D 53 / 34 B01J 19/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] CO ₂ molecules discharged from an incinerator and the like
The exhaust gas containing a Iokishin by irradiating CO ₂ laser beam of heating the CO ₂ molecules by the CO ₂ laser beam
Radiated by the thermal energy of the heated CO ₂ molecules
Heating the thin until its decomposition temperature, characterized by decomposing the dioxins present in exhaust gas Daioki
How to break down Shin .