JP3372147B2 - Vehicle charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable rapid charging of an electric double-layer capacitor from a battery power supply without adding any special resistance for current limitation. SOLUTION: An electric double-layer capacitor 16 is connected with the normally closed side fixed contact 15b of a relay switch 15, and the traveling contact 15a of the relay switch 15 is connected with a battery power supply 12 through a hot-wire printed wiring resistance 14 and an ignition switch 13. If the ignition switch is on and a defrosting switch 19 is off, therefore, the electric double-layer capacitor 16 is charged from the battery power supply 12 through the hot-wire printed wiring resistance 14. The hot-wire printed wiring resistance 14 has a relatively low resistance value and a sufficient heat radiating area is ensured; therefore, it is possible to rapidly charge the electric double- layer capacitor 16 without burdening the battery power supply 12.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for charging an electric double-layer capacitor in a short time by using an existing defrosting hot-wire resistance provided in a vehicle as an electric limiting resistance. The present invention relates to an enabled vehicle charging device. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, various techniques have been proposed in which an electric double layer capacitor is employed as an auxiliary power supply or an emergency power supply for a vehicle. This electric double layer capacitor is capable of rapid charging and discharging.
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. H11-163, the discharge current of the electric double layer capacitor causes rapid heating of the catalyst interposed in the exhaust system of the engine at the time of cold start, or enhancement of the output at the time of acceleration of the electric vehicle. Or by using quick charging for energy regeneration during braking, etc., to cover weak points that conventional battery power cannot adequately handle,
Early activation of the catalyst and improvement of the running performance of the electric vehicle can be achieved. FIG. 3 shows a battery power supply 1 in a charged state.
And an equivalent model when the electric double layer capacitor 2 in a discharged state is connected in parallel. In this figure, R
1 is the internal resistance of the battery power supply 1, R2 is the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor 2, the electromotive voltage of the battery power supply 1 is Eo [V], and the resistance value of the internal resistance R1 of the battery power supply 1 is ro [ Ω], and assuming that the resistance value of the internal resistance R2 of the electric double layer capacitor 2 is rcbo [Ω], the current i flowing through the electric double layer capacitor 2 is i = Eo / (ro + r
cbo). [0004] By the way, when the capacity of the electric double layer capacitor 2 increases, the internal resistance rcbo tends to decrease. Current may flow. Since a large current discharge from the battery power supply 1 to the electric double layer capacitor 2 involves a deep discharge, the life of the battery power supply 1 is shortened. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a technique has been considered in which an external resistor R3, which is a current limiting resistor, is connected in series to limit a short-circuit current from the battery power supply 1. However, if the resistance value of the exterior resistor R3 is set to be large, the charging time for the electric double layer capacitor 2 is prolonged. Conversely, if the resistance value is made small, the current value becomes large, and the resistance of the exterior resistor R3 becomes large. Since the heat loss increases, a large-scale heat radiation design such as enlarging the heat radiation area is required, which causes an increase in weight and cost. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not require a large heat dissipation design, avoids an increase in weight and cost, and provides a method for connecting a battery power supply and an electric double layer capacitor in parallel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle charging device capable of optimizing a current limiting resistance value. [0007] To achieve the above object, a vehicle charging apparatus according to the present invention supplies power to an electric double layer capacitor capable of outputting a large current to an electric load means in a short time. In a vehicle charging system using an on-vehicle power supply, one end of a defrosting hot-wire resistor disposed on the surface of a vehicle window glass is connected to the on-vehicle power source via an ignition switch, and a 2-make contact is connected to the other end of the defrosting hot-wire resistance. While connecting the movable contact of the relay switch having the and grounding the normally open fixed contact of the relay switch,
Connect the electric double layer capacitor to the normally closed fixed contact,
Further, the excitation coil of the relay switch is connected to the on-vehicle power supply via a defrosting switch. In the present invention, when the defrosting switch is in the OFF state, the hot wire resistance for defrosting is connected to the electric double layer capacitor through the normally closed fixed contact of the relay switch. When the switch is turned on, the output of the vehicle-mounted power supply is supplied to the electric double layer capacitor via the defrosting hot wire resistor and the relay switch. Since the hot wire resistance for defrosting is used as the current limiting resistor, a large charging current can be supplied with a relatively small resistance, and rapid charging of the electric double layer capacitor becomes possible. Then, when the defrost switch is turned on, the contact of the relay switch is switched to a normally-open-side fixed contact, charging of the electric double layer capacitor is stopped, and a normal current flows to the defrost hot wire resistance. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle charging apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 11 denotes a generator mounted on a vehicle, 12 denotes a battery power supply also mounted on the vehicle, 13 denotes an ignition switch, and 14 denotes a hot-wire printed wiring for defrosting disposed on a rear glass surface of the vehicle. The battery power supply 12 and the ignition switch 13 are connected in parallel to the generator 11 by a resistor. One end of the defrosting hot wire printed wiring resistor 14 is connected to the ignition switch 13. The battery power supply 12 is charged with an output voltage from the generator 11 when the engine is operating. The other end of the defrosting hot wire printed wiring resistor 14 has a relay switch 15 having two make contacts.
Of the relay switch 15a.
The electric double layer capacitor 16 is connected to the normally closed fixed contact 15b.
And the electrical load 17 is connected in parallel via a load switch 18, while the normally open fixed contact 15c is grounded. The electric load 17 is
For example, a catalyst heating heater for heating a catalyst (not shown) for purifying exhaust gas provided in an exhaust system, and the load switch 18 is turned on / off by a command from a vehicle-mounted computer (not shown). In this in-vehicle computer, ON / OFF of the load switch 18 is controlled based on, for example, an output signal of a temperature sensor for detecting a catalyst temperature, or by a timer for measuring a predetermined time from engine start. An exciting coil 15d of the relay switch 15 is connected to the ignition switch 13 via a defrosting switch 19 provided on an instrument panel (not shown). In the above configuration, when the ignition switch 13 is ON and the defrosting switch 19 is OFF, the movable contact 15a of the relay switch 15 is connected to the normally closed fixed contact 15b.
When the electric double layer capacitor 16 connected to the normally closed fixed contact 15b is in a discharging state, the electric double layer capacitor 16 is charged from the battery power supply 12 via the defrosting hot wire printed wiring resistor 14. . The hot wire printed wiring resistor 14 for defrosting has a large heat radiation area secured in advance, so that it is not necessary to newly provide an exterior resistor for charging, and the heat radiation design is not required. Since the resistance value of the capacitor 14 is relatively small, a large charging current can be secured, and the electric double layer capacitor 16 can be charged in a short time without deteriorating the performance of the battery power supply 12. By the way, if the electric load 17 is a catalyst heating heater for heating the catalyst interposed in the exhaust system, and if the load switch 18 is turned ON by a command from a vehicle-mounted computer (not shown), The electric charge accumulated in the double-layer capacitor 16 is discharged to the catalyst heating heater which is the electric load 17, and the catalyst heating heater is heated and warmed up in a short time. As a result, the catalyst is activated early, and the exhaust gas purification performance at low temperatures is improved. When a catalyst heater is used as the electric load 17, the discharge of the electric double layer capacitor 16 is completed in about several tens of seconds or less. When the temperature of the catalyst reaches the activation temperature, or when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the engine, the on-board computer (not shown) loads the load switch 1
8 outputs an OFF signal to the load switch 18.
Is turned off, the electric double layer capacitor 16 is recharged in preparation for the next discharge. By employing the defrosting hot-wire printed wiring resistor 14 as the current limiting resistor, recharging can be completed in as short a time as possible. Therefore, even when the engine is stopped for a short time after the discharge of the electric double layer capacitor 16 is completed,
At the time of restart, the catalyst can be rapidly heated without imposing a burden on the battery power supply 12, and the charging of the electric double layer capacitor 16 should be ensured for any operation mode of the driver. Can be. When the defrosting switch 19 is turned on, the exciting coil 15d of the relay switch 15 is excited, and the movable contact 15a is connected to the normally open fixed contact 15c. As a result, a steady current flows through the hot wire printed wiring resistor 14 for defrost, and the hot wire printed wire resistor 14 for defrost exhibits its original function. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle charging apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the self-discharge loss of the electric double layer capacitor 16 and the electric double layer capacitor 1
The battery power supply 12 and the electric double layer capacitor 16 are connected by a high-resistance series resistor R4 which does not require a special heat radiation design, for supplementary charging when the power supply is stopped while the charging of the battery 6 is incomplete. It was done. That is, if the defrost switch 19 is in the OFF state during traveling,
The electric double layer capacitor 16 is charged via the hot-wire printed wiring resistor 14. For example, the ignition switch 13 is turned off while the electric double layer capacitor 16 is in an insufficiently charged state. If the user forgets to return the switch 19 to the ON state, the electric double layer capacitor 16 may start discharging in an insufficiently charged state. Therefore, by connecting the battery power source 12 and the electric double layer capacitor 16 with a series resistor R4 having a high resistance value as in the present embodiment, the heating wire is connected to the electric double layer capacitor 16. Printed wiring resistance 14
By charging the electric double layer capacitor 16 at least ten times or more as compared with the case of charging via the I can put it. As described above, according to the present invention,
By adopting the existing defrosting hot wire resistance, which has a relatively small resistance value and a sufficient heat dissipation area, as the limiting resistance for the electric double layer capacitor, no special exterior resistance is required, and this exterior Since it is not necessary to newly design the heat dissipation of the resistor, an increase in weight and cost can be avoided, and an optimum current limiting resistance value can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle charging device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle charging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent model of a conventional battery power supply and an electric double layer capacitor. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a conventional vehicle charging device. Description of reference numerals 12 ... battery power supply 13 ... ignition switch 14 ... hot wire printed wiring resistance 15 relay switch 15a movable contact 15b normally closed fixed contact 15c normally open fixed contact 15d excitation coil 16 electric double layer capacitor 17 electric load means 19 defrost switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A vehicle charging apparatus for supplying electric power to an electric double layer capacitor capable of outputting a large current to an electric load means in a short time from an on-board power supply. One end of a defrosting hot wire resistor disposed on the surface of the vehicle window glass is connected via an ignition switch, and the other end of the defrosting hot wire resistor is connected to a movable contact of a relay switch having two make contacts. While the normally open fixed contact of the switch is grounded, the electric double layer capacitor is connected to the normally closed fixed contact, and the exciting coil of the relay switch is connected to the on-vehicle power supply via a defrosting switch. Characteristic vehicle charging device.