JP3371501B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid compressor, in which two scrolls having spiral bodies provided on first and second plate bodies are superposed so as to be engaged with each other at different angles. The present invention relates to a scroll compressor in which a fluid pocket formed between both spiral bodies is moved toward the center and the volume of the fluid pocket is reduced in accordance with the relative circular orbital motion of a scroll to perform fluid compression. It is a thing.

The principle itself of such a scroll compressor has been known for a long time.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional scroll type compressor, a scroll type compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-39988 is shown in FIGS.

The compressor 1 has an outer shell composed of a front plate 2 and a cup-shaped compressor housing 3 installed on the front plate 2.

The front plate 2 is formed around a through hole 5 for inserting the main shaft 4, and an annular projection 6 concentric with the through hole 5 is formed on the back surface thereof. On the other hand, the cup-shaped portion 7 of the compressor housing 3 is fixed by fitting its opening onto the annular projection 6 of the front plate 2. The O-ring 8 is sandwiched between the joints to perform sealing.

A main shaft rotor 9 is formed at the inner end of the main shaft 4, and the main shaft rotor 9 is rotatably supported in a through hole 5 by a ball bearing 10.

Further, the front plate 2 has a sleeve 11 extending forward so as to surround the main shaft 4. A ball bearing 12 is installed at the front end of the sleeve 11 and rotatably supports the main shaft 4. The shaft seal assembly 13 is assembled on the main shaft 4 in the sleeve 11 to prevent external leakage of fluid in the compressor 1.

A bearing 1 is provided on the outer surface of the sleeve 11.
The pulley 15 is rotatably supported by 4, and the electromagnetic coil 16 is fixed. On the other hand, an armature plate 17 is elastically supported on the end portion of the main shaft 4 protruding from the sleeve 11. The pulley 15, the electromagnetic coil 16 and the armature plate 17 constitute an electromagnetic clutch 18, which transmits the rotation of an external drive source (for example, an automobile engine) to the pulley 15 via a belt, and to the electromagnetic coil 16. By energizing, the amateur plate 17 is attracted to the pulley 15 so that the rotational force is transmitted to the main shaft 4.

In the cup-shaped portion 7 of the compressor housing 3, there are provided a fixed scroll 19, a movable scroll 20, a movable scroll drive mechanism 21 and a movable scroll rotation blocking mechanism 22.

The fixed scroll 19 generally includes a first plate body 191 and a first spiral body 192 provided on one surface thereof.
A cylindrical partition wall 193 is formed on the back surface of the first plate body 191 so as to project in the axial direction, and the wall portion thereof is fixed by the bolt 194 to the bottom portion 19 of the cup-shaped portion 7.
It is fixed at 5. Further, a groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first plate body 191, and an O-ring 196 is arranged in the groove, and the O-ring 196 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the first plate body 191 and the inner surface of the cup-shaped portion 7. It is sealed. Therefore, fixed scroll 1
The first plate body 191 of 9 separates the inside of the cup-shaped portion 7 into a rear chamber 23 in which the partition wall 193 exists and a front chamber 24 in which the first spiral body 192 is arranged.

The movable scroll 20 is disposed in the chamber 24. The orbiting scroll 20 is composed of a second plate body 201 and a second spiral body 202 fixed on one surface thereof, and the second spiral body 202 is meshed with the first spiral body 192 with an angular deviation of 180 °. Thus, a closed space, that is, a fluid pocket 25 is formed between both spiral bodies. The movable scroll 20 is rotatably installed via a radial bearing 212 on a drive wheel 211 eccentrically connected to the inner end surface of the main shaft rotor 9. On the other hand, the fixed ring 61 fixedly coupled to the front plate 2 and the second plate body 2 of the movable scroll 20 so as to face the fixed ring 61.
The rotation preventing mechanism 22 is composed of the movable ring 62 fixed to 01 and the ball 63 arranged in the ball receiving holes formed in both rings.

The compressor housing 3 has a suction hole 26 and a discharge hole 2 for connecting an external fluid circuit to the cup-shaped portion 7.
7 is provided. The fluid introduced into the chamber 24 in the compressor housing 3 from the suction hole 26 is supplied to both scrolls 19, 20.
The two fluid pockets 27 are taken into the two fluid pockets 25 between them and moved toward the center while being compressed by the circular orbital motion of the orbiting scroll 20, and the two fluid pockets 27 merge into one at the center and the first fluid of the fixed scroll 19 is From the discharge port 197 provided in the central portion of the plate body 191, the gas is blown into the chamber 23, and then flows out through the discharge hole 27 into the fluid circuit.

By the way, the intake of the fluid pocket 25 formed by the spiral bodies 192 and 202 of both scrolls 19 and 20 is normally taken as shown in FIG. 6, and the outermost end 251 of one spiral body 192 or 202 or 252
Through a total of two fluid intakes 253 and 254 formed between the outer surface of the spiral body 202 and 192 and the outer surface of the other spiral body 202 or 192, respectively. That is, the fluid intake ports 253 and 254 are opened and closed according to the circular orbital motion of the movable scroll 20, and at that time, the fluid is taken into the fluid pockets 25A1 and 25B1 between the scrolls 19 and 20. From the state shown in FIG. 6A, the revolution angle of the second spiral body 202 is 90 °.
6 (b), FIG. 6 (c) showing 180 °, and FIG. 6 (d) showing 270 °, the volume of fluid taken in, that is, the fluid pockets 25A1 and 25B1 (dotted areas). It will be understood that is gradually reduced. 36
In FIG. 6 (a) rotated by 0 °, both fluid pockets 25A2
And 25B2 moved to the center and moved 90 ° (b).
At (6), the fluid pocket 25 becomes narrower as shown in (c) and (d), and becomes almost zero in FIG. 6 (a). During this time, the outer space that has started to open in FIG. 6B moves from (c) and (d) to (a), and a fluid pocket that takes in new fluid is created.

Now, as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-39988, both scrolls 19 and 20 and the first and second scrolls.
The positions of the fluid intake ports 253 and 254 by the outermost ends 251 and 252 of the spiral bodies 192 and 202 are set to be substantially horizontal to the compressor 1 as shown in FIG. 5 or 6. There is. Although the position and direction of the suction hole 26 are not specifically illustrated in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-39988, they are usually located above the compressor housing 3 and are located at the center of the fixed scroll 19 or the compressor housing 3. It is formed in the facing direction.

Further, the discharge port 197 provided in the central portion of the first plate body 191 of the fixed scroll 19 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), two fluid pockets 25A2 and 2A2
Immediately before the 5B2 merges, the outermost end portion 25 of the first scroll 192 of the fixed scroll 19 is fed from below the compressor 1.
1, a movable scroll 20, and a fluid pocket 25A2 that is taken in from a fluid intake port 253 formed between the outer surface of the second scroll 202 and is gradually compressed to the central portion.
It was provided on the side of the movable scroll 20 such that the shape of the central portion of the second spiral body 202 of the orbiting scroll 20 protrudes from the side.

[0016]

In the conventional scroll compressor 1 based on the above-mentioned structure, the fluid is supplied from one of the two fluid intake ports 253, 254 formed by the pair of scrolls 19 and 20. The fluid pocket 25A1 that can be taken in is located in the lower part of the compressor 1 as shown in FIG. Here, since the inside of the compressor housing 3 accommodating the pair of scrolls 19 and 20 also serves as an oil sump for accumulating the lubricating oil for lubricating the moving part, it is located below the compressor 1. One of the fluid pockets 25A1 is always close to the portion where the lubricating oil is accumulated. Therefore, the fluid pocket 25A1 is 25B
When the fluid is taken in from 1, the part of the lubricating oil accumulated in the lower part is also taken in together, so more lubricating oil is taken in and the discharge port 197 as it is together with the compressed fluid.
However, the pressure of the fluid pocket 25A1 that has taken in a large amount of lubricating oil is likely to rise above the pressure of 25B1, and a pressure difference is generated between both fluid pockets 25A1 and 25B1. Further, when the compressor 1 is started up or is operated at a low outside air temperature, the liquid fluid is sucked into the suction hole 2 together with an excessive amount of lubricating oil.
6 and the first and second spiral bodies 192, 2
Fluid inlet 2 by the outermost ends 251 and 252 of 02
When 53 and 254 are installed horizontally with respect to the compressor 1, the lubricating oil and the liquid fluid flow in the direction of arrow C shown in FIG. 5, and an excessive amount of the lubricating oil and the liquid fluid are taken into the fluid pocket 25A1. A very large pressure difference is generated between the fluid pockets 25A1 and 25B1 and the two fluid pockets 25A2
Immediately before the merging of the fluid and 25B2, the pressure difference is maximized, and when a part of the discharge port 197 is caught in the fluid pocket 25A2 having a high pressure, as shown in FIG. 6A,
If the pressure exceeds the set pressure, fluid pocket 25A2
The fluid inside flows out together with the lubricating oil from the discharge port 197, causing a pressure drop in an instant. Next, the fluid pocket 25B2 trapped the fluid at a pressure lower than that of 25A2, but because the pressure of the fluid pocket 25A2 became lower, the pressure difference was reversed, and the opposite stress caused by the arrow D in FIG. 6 (b). It acts on the fulcrum d in the direction. Due to this stress, the central portion of the second spiral body 202 may be deformed, contacting the first plate body 191 or causing damage in the vicinity of the fulcrum d.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to perform good lubrication and to prevent excessive inflow of lubricating oil and liquid fluid into the fluid pocket, and also to suppress excessive inflow of liquid fluid even when compressed. Another object of the present invention is to provide a scroll-type compressor in which the pressure difference between two fluid pockets is made as small as possible and the fluid is simultaneously ejected when the fluid is ejected.

[0018]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, one fluid intake port, that is, the outermost end of the first spiral body is 45 ° with respect to the compressor with respect to the vertical center line. Located in the vicinity of the lower part of the compressor housing, oriented in the horizontal direction such that the suction hole contacts the first or second spiral body, and positioned in the vicinity of the upper part of the compressor housing.

[0019]

With the above-described structure, the present invention rarely takes in more lubricating oil and liquid fluid than necessary in the fluid pocket, and therefore the pressure difference between the two fluid pockets can be suppressed to a small level. It is possible to prevent the first or second spiral body from being deformed or damaged due to a significant pressure difference.

[0020]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the compressor 1.
As in the conventional example, a fixed scroll 19 and a movable scroll 20 are built in the cup-shaped portion 7 of the compressor housing 3. The electromagnetic clutch 18, the movable scroll drive mechanism 21, and the movable scroll rotation blocking mechanism 22, which are required for driving the movable scroll 20 and the orbiting motion of the movable scroll 20, have the same configurations as those shown in FIG.

The fixed scroll 19 has a first spiral body 192 provided on one surface of the first plate body 191, and one fluid intake port 253 by the outermost end portion 251 of the fixed scroll 19 or the compressor. It is located near the lower part of the compressor housing 3 within 45 ° from the vertical center line passing through the center of the housing 3. The orbiting scroll 20 has a second spiral body 202 provided on one surface of the second plate body 201, and is meshed with the first spiral body 192 with an angular offset of 180 °. The other fluid intake port 254 formed by the outermost end 252 of the outermost end 252 is
53, which is substantially in the target position with 53, takes in fluid from the respective fluid intake ports 253, 254, and forms two fluid pockets 25A1, 25B1.
It moves to the center while being compressed by the circular orbital motion of the two, the two fluid pockets 25A2 and 25B2 merge into one at the center, and the discharge port provided in the center of the first plate body 191 of the fixed scroll 19 From 197, chamber 2 as in the conventional example
3 and then flows out through the discharge hole 27 into the fluid circuit.

The suction hole 26 for sucking fluid from the fluid circuit is symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line of the other fluid intake port 254 by the outermost end 252 of the second scroll 202 of the movable scroll 20. It is located near the upper part of the housing 3 and is provided in a horizontal direction so as to be in contact with the first or second spiral body 192, 202 of both scrolls 19, 20. Therefore, the fluid sucked through the suction hole 26 flows along the second spiral body 202 of the movable scroll 20 as indicated by the arrow E shown in FIG. 1, and directly flows into the first spiral body of the fixed scroll 19. The outermost end 251 of 192 makes it difficult for more fluid to be taken into one fluid intake port 253. Further, since the intake port 253 is located near the lower part of the compressor housing 3, it is difficult to take in too much lubricating oil and liquid fluid.

In the fluid pockets 25A1 and 25B1 in which the fluid is taken in, the revolution angle of the second spiral body 202 is 90 ° from the state of FIG. 3 (a) as in the conventional example.
(B), FIG. 3 (c) showing 180 °, and FIG. 3 (d) showing 270 °, as shown by the dotted area, gradually decrease and move to the central portion, and eventually to FIG. 3 (b). Then, both fluid pockets 25A2 and 25B2 merge into one and flow out from the discharge port 197. At this time, the shape of the discharge port 197 is, as shown in FIG.
Immediately before the two and 25B2 merge, there is no deviation in either one of the fluid pockets 25A2 or the other fluid pocket 25B2, and the fluid does not stick out and has a shape substantially similar to the central shape of the second spiral body 192 of the movable scroll 20. It is being processed. Therefore, there is an example in which the elongated hexagonal shape is shown in FIG. 1, and as another embodiment, a plurality of round holes may be used as shown in FIG.

[0025]

As described above, one fluid intake port, that is, the outermost end of the first spiral body is located near the lower part of the compressor housing within 45 ° with respect to the vertical center line with respect to the compressor. However, since the suction hole is oriented horizontally so as to contact the first or second spiral body and is located near the upper part of the compressor housing, it is possible to take in more lubricating oil and liquid fluid than necessary in the fluid pocket. Therefore, the pressure difference between the two fluid pockets can be suppressed to a small value, and the deformation or breakage of the first or second spiral body due to the significant pressure difference at the time of one merge can be prevented.

Further, the discharge port provided in the central portion of the fixed scroll does not stick out in any of the fluid pockets until just before the two fluid pockets merge with each other, and has a central shape of the second spiral body of the movable scroll. Since they are processed into shapes that are almost similar, even if there is a slight pressure difference between both fluid pockets at the time of one merge, it is necessary to prevent the fluid from starting to flow out from the discharge port before they merge. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a compression operation principle of the scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional scroll type compressor.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional compression operation principle.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 compressor housing 19 fixed scroll 20 Movable scroll 25 fluid pockets 26 Suction hole 192 First spiral body 197 outlet 202 Second spiral body

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-4-347385 (JP, A) JP-A-2-238190 (JP, A) JP-A-59-39988 (JP, A) JP-A-64- 8382 (JP, A) JP 59-79085 (JP, A) JP 62-157288 (JP, A) JP 6-330863 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 59-67595 (JP, U) 4-87385 (JP, U) 3-122289 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F04C 18/02 311 F04C 29/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor housing having a discharge hole (197) for discharging a fluid and a suction hole (26) for sucking the fluid.
The compressor housing having (3) and a first spiral body (192) provided on one surface of the first plate body (191).
A fixed scroll (19) fixedly arranged in (3) ,
A second spiral body (202) is provided on one surface of the second plate body (201) , and the second spiral body (202) is offset from the first spiral body (192). A movable scroll (20) superposed on the fixed scroll (19) so as to mesh with each other and form a closed fluid pocket (25) therebetween.
The movable scroll for giving a circular orbital motion to (20)
A drive mechanism (21) coupled to (20) and a rotation prevention mechanism (2 ) for preventing rotation of the movable scroll (20).
2) and the circular orbital motion of the orbiting scroll (20) causes the fluid pocket (25) to move toward the center of the two spiral bodies (192, 202 ) while reducing the volume, thereby Of the fixed scroll (19) , one fluid intake port (253) by the outermost end of the first scroll (192) of the fixed scroll (19) is the fixed scroll (19) or the fixed scroll (19). the compressor housing up and down from the center line within 45 ° through the center of the compressor housing (3) (3) located near the lower, the second of said movable scroll (20)
The other fluid intake port (254) by the outermost end of the spiral body (202) of the first scroll is the one fluid intake port (253 ) by the outermost end of the first spiral body (192) of the fixed scroll (19). ) Located near the fixed scroll (19) or above the compressor housing (3) , which is approximately symmetrical with respect to the center of the compressor housing (3) ,
The suction hole (26) is oriented in a horizontal direction such that the suction hole (26) contacts the first or second spiral body (192, 202) of the fixed scroll (19) , and the second of the movable scroll with respect to the vertical center line. A scroll type compressor located near the upper part of the compressor housing (3) symmetrical to the other fluid intake port (254) by the outermost end of the spiral body (202) . 2. A fixed scroll (19 ) is provided with a discharge hole (197) for discharging the compressed refrigerant in a central portion on the first plate body (191) , and the shape of the discharge hole (197) is the above. It said first spiral body of the fixed scroll (19) (1
92) and the second data of the spiral body (202) formed the fluid pocket of the movable scroll (20) (2
The second spiral body (202) immediately before the two chambers of 5) merge into one chamber at the center of the scrolls (19, 20 ).
Shape that is almost similar to the center shape of the
The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the scroll compressor is formed of (197) .