JP3371205B2 - Solar panel materials - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a roofing material for buildings, facilities, etc.
The present invention relates to a solar cell panel material that can be used as an outer wall material or a window material and can supply electric power to the building or facility.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The background of the remarkable economic development of developed countries is the enormous consumption of energy accompanying the sophistication of industry. To cope with such energy supply, the energy source is changed from coal to oil and natural gas. Since then, there has been a great deal of interest in securing energy from nuclear power and solar power. That is, as a result of enormous energy consumption associated with industrialization in developed countries, not only air pollution due to exhaust gas and flue gas, but also global warming due to carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, etc. With the remarkable increase, the depletion of natural resources as an energy supply source is also progressing, and the energy supply for the economic development of the underdeveloped countries is in danger. For this reason, at present, expansion of energy supply by nuclear power is being considered, but the energy supply by nuclear power is not only safe for operation, but also there is a risk of contamination of the atmosphere and wastewater by radioactivity, and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel and There are many issues such as disposal.

On the other hand, the use of sunlight as a permanent and infinite energy source has already been studied since the early 1960s, and there is a so-called solar cell for producing electric power by utilizing the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors. Although developed, such a solar cell has low electric energy conversion efficiency for light energy, and has not reached the point where it can be used for industry or daily life in terms of power production cost.

However, as a result of subsequent research and development, in the present solar cells, a silicon material such as single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon or amorphous silicon, or a light source such as a II-VI group compound semiconductor or a III-V group compound semiconductor is used for the substrate. Material with excellent electromotive force and pn
Combined with the progress of thin film forming technology such as junction, Schottky barrier, heterojunction or heteroface junction, the electric power production cost has been remarkably reduced, and even if the location of the building or facility is irrelevant It is being introduced actively due to the lack of power supply and the unnecessary use of power transmission and distribution facilities and construction.

By the way, the thickness of the substrate of such a solar cell and the conversion efficiency (%) of light energy into electric energy
Is about 100 to 150 μm for single crystal silicon material and about 150 to 200 μm for amorphous silicon material,
Further, in the II-VI group compound semiconductor and the III-V group compound semiconductor material, there is substantially no change when the thickness is approximately 3 to 5 μm or more, and therefore the solar battery cell is inevitably thin and flat in view of production cost. In practical use of such a solar cell, the solar cells are connected so as to have the required shape and development area to form a solar cell module, and it is also protected from damage or damage due to impact or external force applied during handling. In order to achieve the desired power production, the solar cell modules are connected by the required number to form a solar cell array, and the solar cell array is efficiently irradiated by the sun's rays. The outer surface is made of a light-transmissive plate material according to the direction and slope, and the sealing property to prevent the entry of rainwater, dust, or small animals during rainfall, as well as weather resistance, cold heat resistance, or resistance. It is installed in a storage housing to retain impact resistance and toughness for a long period of time, and the storage housing is used by being held by an appropriate holding structure. That.

Therefore, in a general house or the like, a holding structure is formed so that the storage housing can be placed and fixed on the sloped surface of the roof, and then the storage housing is fixed.
Since the solar cell module or the solar cell array connected to the development area should be placed and housed in the housing housing, the appearance of the building at a corner is significantly impaired and the cost for mounting and fixing is enormous. Something is forced. In addition, a large amount of electricity is required to be produced in office buildings and store buildings in urban areas, so a large storage housing must be installed on the rooftop, and thus the space that can be used for multiple purposes is significantly restricted. However, the appearance of the building will be impaired.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In view of the above situation, the present invention has conducted extensive studies, and as a result, two glass plate materials, at least one of which is a transparent glass plate material, are used, and a transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive is provided between them. Laminated glass sheets that are laminated and bonded together so that a transparent adhesive layer of appropriate thickness is formed by the agent are not only excellent in impact resistance and bending strength, but also sound insulation, heat insulation, translucency, heat resistance, cold resistance Since it has excellent properties, weather resistance, and water resistance, it has the performance of being used as a roofing material for buildings, window materials, or outer wall materials, and when forming a transparent adhesive layer, it also serves as a spacer that is approximately equal to the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer. In order to form a transparent adhesive layer by injecting a transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive from the injection port provided at an appropriate place while attaching a sealing material to the outer peripheral edge of the glass plate material to make it hollow Even if a thin flat solar cell or solar cell module is inserted in the middle, the transparent adhesive layer accelerates the polymerization and solidification slowly and uniformly over the entire surface. In addition, since no uneven stress is applied, there is no damage or breakage, and the glass plate material is firmly and hermetically integrated and laminated and bonded, and how many solar cells are connected and developed. It is possible to make solar cell modules with various patterns, and since the connecting lines between the solar cells have flexibility, it can be applied to flat glass plate materials and glass plate materials that are curved or appropriately shaped. The present invention has been accomplished by investigating that insertable layers can be stacked. That is, the present invention is to provide a solar cell panel material which can be directly used as a roof material, a wall material or a window material of a building or facility and can be used for electric power production and which can show various design patterns.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The technical means used by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems are as follows: The solar cells are penetrated through the solar cells or the solar cell module light-receiving surface is absorbed, In addition, in order to maintain the performance as a roofing material, window material or wall material for buildings and facilities by exhibiting the photo-excited power effect even under long-term outdoor exposure conditions,
The front surface and the back surface are glass plate materials, and at least the surface thereof is a transparent glass plate material, or an acrylic resin plate material is used in place of the glass plate material, and in the middle thereof, a thin flat solar cell of a proper shape or the whole thereof. A solar cell module in which light-transmitting cells having light-transmitting holes are appropriately connected to have a required development area, or a solar cell module having a specific pattern and a required development area is connected, In addition to arranging the surface to be the front surface, a transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive is injected and polymerized and solidified to form a transparent adhesive layer, and a glass plate material or an acrylic resin plate material on the front and back surfaces and a solar cell module are formed. Of the solar cell panel material, which are integrally and firmly laminated and adhered in a hermetically sealed manner.

[0009]

Since the present invention uses such means, it has the following actions. That is, a glass plate material or an acrylic resin plate material is used for the front surface and the back surface, and a transparent glass plate material or a transparent acrylic resin plate material is used for at least the surface thereof, and a solar battery cell has a required development area and shape in the middle or A solar cell module connected in a specific pattern shape is arranged with its light-receiving surface facing the front side, and a transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive is injected to solidify and solidify it to form a transparent adhesive layer, which is then integrated. In this case, the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive to be injected adheres well to the entire surface of the solar cell module and its connecting lines, which are firmly adhered and laminated in a sealed manner. Since it solidifies as the polymerization accelerates, no sudden stress or uneven stress is applied to the thin, flat, and fragile solar cell module, causing damage or damage. Loss can be prevented,
The transparent adhesive layer thus formed is sandwiched and integrally and firmly and laminated in a sealed manner. The transparent adhesive layer is not only a highly insulating material, but also ingress of moisture and humidity is eliminated, so that the photovoltaic effect is maintained for a long time. In addition, the surface is made of transparent glass plate material or transparent acrylic resin plate material,
Moreover, since the solar cell module is attached to the transparent adhesive layer with the light receiving surface as the front surface side, the solar rays are efficiently transmitted and absorbed by the light receiving surface. The glass plate material or acrylic resin plate material on the front and back surfaces and the solar cell module disposed in the middle are integrally laminated and adhered by the transparent adhesive layer made of acrylic resin, so that impact resistance and bending strength are particularly remarkable. Therefore, the solar cell module is completely protected and the photovoltaic effect is maintained for a long time even under severe use conditions.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a solar cell panel material of the present invention.
Is an explanatory view of a method for forming a transparent adhesive layer, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a solar cell module, and FIG. 4 is a sectional explanatory view of a solar cell panel material, which is a material forming a surface 2 of the solar cell panel material 1 of the present invention. As for the present invention, under severe outdoor exposure conditions such as roofing materials, window materials or outer wall materials such as buildings and facilities, performance suitability as a building material that does not deteriorate for a long period of time and photovoltaic power generated by receiving sunlight In order to maintain the translucency to maintain the effect, transparent glass plate materials are usually used, but transparent acrylic resin plate materials are used for agricultural facilities, temporary buildings, etc. to which mild standards are applied. It is also adopted because it is lightweight.

On the other hand, the material used for the back surface 2A is slightly different depending on the purpose of use, and is the same as the material for the surface 2 when coloring and transparency are required such as roofing materials and window materials for buildings and facilities. Transparent glass plate and acrylic resin plate are used,
When used as an outer wall material, a transparent or opaque glass plate material, an acrylic resin plate material, or the like is used because no particular chromatic light or transparency is required. In such a case, it should be noted that the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A into which the front surface 2 and the rear surface 2A are injected
Since the transparent adhesive layers 4 formed by polymerization and solidification of the above are integrally laminated and adhered to each other, the same material is preferably used for the front surface 2 and the rear surface 2A from the viewpoint of achieving uniform and strong laminated adhesion. Be done.

A brief description of the method for forming the solar cell panel material 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
A transparent glass plate material or an acrylic resin plate material which is previously cut into a required thickness and a required area as a material of the surface 2, and a glass plate material or an acrylic resin plate material having the same thickness and area as the material of the surface 2 Prepare the backside 2A material. Thus, on the outer peripheral edge 2B of the material of the back surface 2A, the solar cell module 3 is inserted into the intermediate hollow portion 20 formed by closing the material of the front surface 2 and the solar cell module 3 Transparent adhesive layer 4 for integrally laminating and bonding the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A with the material
Spacer and sealant 2 so that the spacer is formed to the required thickness
C is attached, and the spacer and sealing material 2
When the C is attached, an injection port 2D for injecting the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A into the portion of the outer peripheral edge 2B as appropriate.
Let it form. In such a case, the spacer / sealing material 2C is dissolved in the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A that is injected to form the transparent adhesive layer 4 and is assimilated with the formation of the transparent adhesive layer 4, and to the outer peripheral edge 2B. Since the material of the surface 2 needs to be closed in a state in which the material of the surface 2 is sufficiently adhered when the adhesive is attached, a material compatible with the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A is used. As such a material, a tape-shaped material having a required width and thickness using a polyacrylic acid ester having a polymerization degree of about 100 to 140 can be mentioned. Of course, when a material having a large area is used as the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A, it is desirable that the spacer / sealant 2C has a wide width, but the area of the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A is 90 cm wide and 180 cm long. In the case of, about 5 to 10 m
A width of m is preferred. Further, the relationship between the thickness of the material of the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A and the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer 4 to be formed is slightly different depending on the purpose of use and the material of the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A, but the roof material and window material of the building or facility. Alternatively, when a glass plate material is used as the outer wall material, when the material thickness of the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A is 3 mm, the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer 4 is 2 mm, and when the material thickness of the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A is 5 mm, it is transparent. The thickness of the adhesive layer 4 is preferably about 3 mm.

A solar cell module inserted into an intermediate hollow portion 20 formed by affixing a spacer / sealing material 2C having a required width and thickness to the outer peripheral edge 2B of the glass plate material or the acrylic resin plate material on the back surface 2A. As shown in FIG. 3, reference numeral 3 designates an appropriate number of solar battery cells 30 formed by using required materials so as to create a required photovoltaic effect, and connecting lines 30B to the required deployment area and deployment shape. series,
The solar cells 30 used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are formed in parallel or in series-parallel connection, and the thin solar cells 30 used in the present invention include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, In addition to silicon solar cells such as amorphous silicon, II-VI group compound semiconductor solar cells or III-V group compound semiconductor solar cells can be used.

Further, according to the present invention, an extremely diverse design pattern can be created depending on the shape of the solar battery cells 30 and how the solar battery cells 30 are connected to each other. For example, three circular solar battery cells 30 are used as a unit. By connecting it, it becomes possible to reveal the pattern as shown in FIG. 5, and when coloring and transparency are required when used for roofing materials and window materials, the entire solar cell 30 is It is sufficient to use the one in which the light transmitting holes of about 1 to 3 mm are uniformly formed.

When inserting the solar cell module 3 thus formed, it should be noted that the light receiving surface 30A of each solar cell 30 is arranged on the side surface of the transparent glass plate material or the acrylic resin plate material of the surface 2, Each of the inserted solar cells 30 is sandwiched by the transparent adhesive layer 4 at an intermediate position and laminated and adhered. For this purpose, as shown in FIG.
Made of the same material as C, and the spacer and sealant 2
This can be solved by attaching support pieces 31 having a thickness substantially equal to or less than ½ of C and having a minimum width and length to both side surfaces of each solar cell. Of course, the edge of the connection line 30B for taking out the photovoltaic power from the solar cell module 3 is extended to an appropriate position.

After inserting the solar cell module 3 into the intermediate hollow portion 20, the transparent glass plate material or the transparent acrylic resin plate material on the surface 2 is closed together with the spacer / sealant material 2C, and the injection port is formed. A transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A for forming the transparent adhesive layer 4 is injected from 2D. The transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A is prepared by mixing an acrylic monomer composed of oligodiacrylate or dimethyl acrylate as a main component with a polymerization catalyst composed of a trace amount of peroxide and a polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone in an anaerobic state. It is intended to be solidified by polymerization, and as a specific compounding example, 100 parts of an acrylic monomer is mixed with 1.5 to 2.0 parts of a polymerization catalyst and 0.5 to 1.0 part of a polymerization inhibitor, and further formed. When it is necessary to maintain elasticity in the transparent adhesive layer 4, it is preferable to use an acrylic syrup in which an acrylic oligomer previously low-polymerized is mixed with the acrylic monomer in an appropriate ratio instead of the acrylic monomer, or At the time of solidification, a reaction rubber such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene is mixed in an appropriate ratio and graft-polymerized. Rukoto also is proposed.

When the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A is injected, it is convenient to use a mount whose mounting angle is variable from vertical to horizontal. Although it is made to incline and is dropped and injected from the injection port 2D, at the time of injection, the air present in the intermediate hollow portion 20 is completely discharged and the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A is densely diffused and filled. Therefore, it is desired to add shaking to the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A that is injected by changing the inclination angle appropriately during the injection. It should be noted that the glass plate material or the acrylic resin plate material on the upper surface placed on the frame is filled and deformed as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
On the other hand, the volume of the transparent adhesive layer 4 formed by polymerization and solidification is substantially reduced with respect to the volume of the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A injected. Therefore, the injection amount is determined in consideration of the volume increase due to filling deformation and the decrease due to polymerization and solidification.

Thus, after injecting an appropriate amount of the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A, the injection port 2D is closed by the spacer / sealing material 2C, and the pedestal is held horizontally so that the filling deformation occurs. As the glass plate material or the acrylic resin plate material is restored, the injected transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A is pressed and the intermediate hollow portion 20 is pressed.
In addition to being filled by diffusing all the inside, the supporting piece 31 and the spacer / sealing material 2C are gradually dissolved by acrylic monomer or acrylic syrup, and on the other hand, the polymerization and solidification are promoted to form the transparent adhesive layer 4. Then, the solar cell panel material 1 of the present invention is produced in which the materials for forming the front surface 2 and the rear surface 2A and the solar cell module 3 are sandwiched and integrally laminated and firmly bonded in a hermetically sealed manner. The time required to dissolve the support piece 31 and the spacer / sealant 2C with the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A and to form the transparent adhesive layer 4 depends on the composition of the transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive 4A and polymerization solidification. Although it varies depending on the temperature conditions and the like, generally about 3 to 6 hours is a standard. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view in the case where a glass plate material or an acrylic resin plate material in which the front surface 2 and the back surface 2A are curved is used, and the present invention having such a structure is used as a roof material, a window material or a roof material for a building or facility. By using it as an outer wall material or the like, it becomes possible to absorb sunlight for a long time, and high power production can be achieved by the photovoltaic effect.

[0019]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, a solar cell module in which thin and flat and fragile solar cells are connected to an appropriate number of required development areas and configurations is a glass plate material on the front and back surfaces. Alternatively, a transparent adhesive layer formed of an acrylic resin plate and at least the surface of which is formed of a transparent glass plate or a transparent acrylic resin plate is polymerized and solidified by using a transparent acrylic resin anaerobic adhesive, and the light receiving surface is a surface side. Since it is firmly and hermetically laminated to the front and back surface materials, it is firmly and hermetically sealed without damaging the solar cell or solar cell module. At the same time, the impact resistance and bending strength are significantly increased due to the lamination adhesion, and the excellent sound insulation and heat insulation properties are given, and moisture and humidity are also immersed. Without any, thus also be sufficiently durable use in severe conditions under outdoor exposure is the addition of well impact or external force, 且光 electromotive force effect is maintained. In addition, the present invention can be directly used as a roofing material, a window material, or an outer wall material of a building or facility, so that ancillary work and structures are not required, and the installation cost is significantly reduced. Furthermore, in the present invention, the light transmission hole is provided in the solar battery cell to enhance the coloration and the visibility, and not only can the various shapes of the solar battery cell and its developed shape be revealed, but the surface and It can be said that this is a solar cell panel material with many features, such as the fact that the light receiving time of the sun's rays is lengthened and power production is improved by making the material of the back surface curved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for forming a transparent adhesive layer.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a solar cell module.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an exemplary view of the present invention using a solar cell module having a design pattern.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention in which the front and back materials are curved.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 The present invention 2 surface 2A back side 2B outer edge 2C spacer and sealing material 2D inlet 20 Middle hollow part 3 solar cell module 30 solar cells 30A light receiving surface 30B connection line 31 Support piece 4 Transparent adhesive layer 4A Transparent acrylic resin Anaerobic adhesive

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01L 31/04-31/078

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A front surface and a back surface are glass plate materials, and a transparent glass plate material is used for at least the surface thereof, and
In the middle, a solar cell module is formed by connecting an appropriate number of flat and appropriately shaped solar cells to the required development area and shape, and the light receiving surface is on the front side. A solar cell panel material comprising a transparent adhesive layer formed of an anaerobic adhesive, which is integrally and firmly laminated and adhered in a sealed manner. 2. The solar cell panel material according to claim 1, wherein the front surface and the back surface are made of an acrylic resin plate material. 3. The solar battery panel material according to claim 1, wherein the solar battery module is formed by connecting the solar battery cells so that the solar battery cells have an appropriate shape and a developed shape has a specific pattern. 4. The solar cell panel material according to claim 1, wherein fine light transmitting holes are formed throughout the solar cell. 5. The solar cell panel material according to claim 1, wherein the glass plate material or the acrylic resin plate material on the front surface and the back surface is curved with a required radius of curvature or formed into an appropriate shape.