JP3366625B2 - Electric vehicle drive - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drive device for an electric vehicle, and more particularly to a brake device forming a part of the drive device.

As shown in FIG. 8, an electric vehicle is a vehicle that can run using only the driving force of the electric motor 101.
As a power source to be supplied to the electric motor 101, one using a secondary battery (battery) is called an electric vehicle A in a narrow sense, one using an engine generator is called a series hybrid vehicle B, and one using a fuel cell is called a fuel cell vehicle C. I will decide. In FIG. 8, 102 is a wheel, 103 is a controller, 104 is a secondary battery, 201 is an engine, 2
Reference numeral 02 is a generator, 301 is a hydrogen supply source, and 302 is a fuel cell.

As described above, an electric vehicle is a vehicle that can travel using only the driving force of a rotary electric motor, and a secondary battery, a fuel cell, an internal combustion engine is used as a power source to supply the electric motor. It is defined as a car that uses a generator that uses a solar cell, a solar cell, etc., and a combination of these. However, in the following description, an electric vehicle using only a secondary battery is taken into consideration, but a vehicle using a fuel cell, an internal combustion engine generator, or a solar cell as a power source is naturally included.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art Details of a conventional drive mechanism for an electric vehicle will be described with reference to FIG.

The drive mechanism 100 includes a motor 200,
The reduction gear mechanism 300 and the brake 400 are combined to form an integrated unit mechanism, on which the tire 500 is mounted.

The motor 200 is a permanent magnet type AC motor. The casing 210 of the motor 200 includes an outer frame 211, an inner frame 212, and an end ring 2.
13 and the end plate 214. The outer frame 211 has a cylindrical shape and has a bracket portion 211a on the right side in the drawing. The inner frame 212 is a cylindrical member arranged concentrically inside the outer frame 211, and has a bracket portion 212a on the right side in the drawing. And the bracket part 211a and the bracket part 2
The outer frame 211 and the inner frame 212 are connected by bolting 12a.
An end ring 213 is bolted to the left end surface of the outer frame 211, and an end plate 214 is bolted to the end ring 213.

The inner peripheral surface of the outer frame 211 has a stator 22 formed of a stator core 221 and a coil 222.
0 is attached. Also, the inner frame 21
A cylindrical rotor 240 is rotatably attached to the outer peripheral surface of 2 through a motor bearing 230. The rotor 240 is formed of a rotor core 241 and a permanent magnet 242.

An alternating current is supplied to the coil 222 of the motor 200 through the cable 280, and the rotation speed detector 2
The rotation speed signal detected at 60 is output via the cable 281.

The support rings 290 and 291 formed on the outer frame 211 are connected to the fulcrum of the suspension, and the drive mechanism 100 is attached to the chassis of the electric vehicle.

The reduction gear mechanism 300 is composed of a planetary gear mechanism and reduces the rotation of the shaft 270 and transmits it to the wheel shaft 410. In this case, the carrier 301 of the reduction gear mechanism 300 is serration-coupled to the wheel shaft 410 so that the rotational force is transmitted while allowing the wheel shaft 410 to move in the axial direction. Furthermore, in the example of FIG.
The outer diameter of the reduction gear mechanism 300 is larger than the inner diameter of the rotor 240. Further, the wheel shaft tube 411 through which the wheel shaft 410 penetrates is
It is fixed to 1a and 212a.

Then, the reduction gear mechanism 300 is arranged in an empty space at a connecting portion between the motor 200 and the brake 400, specifically, a space surrounded by the bracket portion 212a of the inner frame 212 and the wheel shaft tube 411. ing. Further, the end surface of the shaft 270 and the end surface of the wheel shaft 410 are pivotally supported by a pivot 412.

The brake 400 is a hydraulic brake using a drum. That is, the wheel hub 420 is bolted to the wheel shaft 410, and the brake drum 430 is bolted to the wheel hub 420. A hub bearing 440 is interposed between the wheel shaft tube 411 and the wheel hub 420.

In this brake 400, when the brake pedal is depressed to increase the hydraulic pressure, the brake shoe 402 is spread by the action of the wheel cylinder 401 and comes into contact with the brake drum 430, so that the brake acts.

The tire 500 is attached to the rim 510 of the disc wheel 505. The rim 510 is connected to the brake drum 430 via the wheel disc of the disc wheel 505.

In the drive mechanism 100 having the above structure, when the motor 200 is driven to rotate the rotor 240, this rotation is caused by the rotation block 250 and the shaft 270.
Is transmitted to the wheel shaft 410 after being decelerated by the reduction gear mechanism 300. Therefore, the tire 500 and the brake drum 430 connected to the wheel shaft 410 rotate, which causes the electric vehicle to run.

[0016]

The above-described conventional drive mechanism for an electric vehicle is a so-called in-wheel motor drive device in which a drive device including a motor and a speed reduction mechanism is inserted into the inside of a wheel. As a device for keeping the vehicle stopped, only the side brake incorporated in the mechanical brake was attached. In this type of side brake, the wire for keeping the vehicle stopped is often loosened, and the braking force may be weakened, or malfunction may occur when the vehicle freezes.

According to the present invention, the above problems are eliminated, and another lock mechanism is installed in addition to the side brake during the stop.
An object of the present invention is to provide a drive device for an electric vehicle having an enhanced stop function.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention [1] in a drive device for an electric vehicle, a lock mechanism for stopping rotation is attached to a rotary shaft of a motor used in an in-wheel motor system. It is provided so that it can be engaged and disengaged , and the engaging groove is attached to the rotary shaft
And a locking body that engages with the engagement groove is formed.
The rotary shaft is loosely fitted so as to be rotatable and forward and backward .

[0019] [2] In the driving apparatus for an electric vehicle described in [1] Symbol mounting, the locking mechanism, the hollow first cylindrical body that is electromagnetically driven, hollow second cylindrical body loosely fitted in the hollow first cylindrical body ,
The hollow second tubular body is rotatably and backwards associated with the hollow first tubular body by a projection and a guide groove, and the rotary shaft is loosely fitted in the hollow portion of the hollow first tubular body.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a drive mechanism for an electric vehicle showing an embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those of the driving device of FIG. 7 are designated by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

This embodiment is characterized in that the above-mentioned conventional drive device 100 shown in FIG. 7 is improved and a lock mechanism 600 is arranged.

A rotary block 250 is provided on the rotor core 241.
Is provided with a bolt, a lock mechanism 600 is provided at the left end of the rotation block 250, and a shaft 270 is serrated at the right portion of the rotation block 250.

The lock mechanism 600 is fixed to the end plate 214 by a support frame 601 which also serves as a cable pipe. The fixing is performed by the bush 602.
Further, the bush 602 is a cable terminal 603 of the cable.
Also withdraw. Note that, here, the rotation speed detector shown in FIG. 7 is arranged at another location although not shown.

The locking mechanism 600 of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the locking mechanism 10 and the electromagnetic plunger 30 are included. The locking mechanism 10 includes a hollow first tubular body 15, a hollow second tubular body 11, a coil spring 14, a projection 12 provided on the hollow first tubular body 15, and a hollow second tubular body 11 into which the projection 12 is loosely fitted.
A guide groove 13 formed on the inner surface of the hollow body, a locking body 17 fitted into an engagement groove (not shown) provided on the end surface of the hollow second tubular body 11,
The shaft 16 is provided on the end surface of the hollow first tubular body 15.

The hollow first cylindrical body 15 has a hollow inner surface having a cylindrical shape. In the hollow cylindrical portion of the hollow first cylindrical body 15,
Guide shaft 21 or shaft 16 of the rotary block described later
The guide part is loosely fitted. The shaft 16 is continuously provided on the end surface of the hollow first tubular body 15, and the coil spring 1
It also acts as a retainer of 4. The hollow second cylindrical body 11 has the same hollow inner surface as the hollow first cylindrical body 15 in a cylindrical shape,
The hollow first tubular body 15 is slidably and loosely fit.

The coil spring 14 is loosely fitted to the outer periphery of the hollow first tubular body 15 and has a function of extending between the end face of the shaft 16 and the end face of the hollow second tubular body 11. Hollow second cylinder 11
The guide groove 13 that is open from the outer surface to the inner surface of the cylinder is provided obliquely with respect to the length direction of the cylindrical body. A locking body 17 is provided at the other end of the hollow second tubular body 11.
The locking body 17 has a shape corresponding to an engagement groove 22 formed in a shaft portion 20 of a rotary block described later. In the case of this embodiment, the engagement groove 22 is formed so that the locking body 17 having a rectangular cross section can be loosely fitted.

FIG. 5A shows a sectional view of the locking mechanism 10 taken along the line A in FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow.
Similarly, FIG. 5B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line B in FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow, and FIG. 5C shows a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line C in the direction of the arrow.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the shaft of the locking mechanism is electrically operated, and this embodiment shows an electromagnetic plunger.

The electromagnetic plunger 30 includes an electromagnetic coil 31,
A holder 34 that is made of a rod-shaped permanent magnet 32, a stopper 33, a soft magnetic material or a permanent magnet, and has a state memory effect.
The yoke 35 comprises a yoke 35, and a rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 is slidably mounted on the hollow throttle of the yoke 35.

FIG. 6 (a) shows the attracting state of the electromagnetic plunger, and the yoke 35 and the poles of the magnet 32 are in the attracting state.
In this state, even if the excitation input is set to zero, the magnet 32 does not move to the yoke 35.
It sticks to the iron core and retains its state. FIG. 6B shows the repulsive state of the electromagnetic plunger. The yoke 35 and the magnet 3 are shown.
Each pole of 2 repels, and the magnet 32 comes into contact with the holder 34. In this state, even if the excitation input is set to zero, the magnet 32 and the holding body 34 are attracted to each other and the state is maintained.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a rotary shaft to which a lock mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a broken line D in the direction of the arrow.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the shaft portion 20 at one end of the rotary block 250 is provided with a plurality of engaging grooves 22 which are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction and extend along the length direction of the guide shaft 21. Is provided. The length of the engaging groove 22 is the same as that of the locking mechanism 1.
It is formed so as to correspond to the length of the locking body 17 of zero. A guide shaft 21 having a diameter smaller than that of the shaft portion 20 is projectingly provided on the tip end side of the shaft portion 20. The diameter of the guide shaft 21 is formed so as to be loosely fitted in the inner hollow cylinder of the hollow first cylinder body 15 of the locking mechanism 10.

As another embodiment of the shaft portion, for example, an embodiment in which the front and rear shafts 270 of the reduction gear mechanism 300 or the wheel shaft 410 are used as the shaft portion is also possible. In the case of the shaft 270, the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion are connected to a part of the shaft 270, the large diameter portion is the shaft 270 itself, and the small diameter portion is continuously formed as shown in FIG. The hollow inner cylindrical portion of the hollow first cylindrical body 15 of the locking mechanism 10 is loosely fitted to the engaging groove 22 corresponding to the locking body 17 of the locking mechanism 10 in a symmetrical arrangement as shown in FIG. It is formed along a plurality of length directions.

Assembling of the locking mechanism 10 in the shaft 270 is carried out prior to the initial stage of assembling the shaft. In the case of the wheel shaft 410 as well, like the shaft 270, it is carried out at the initial stage of assembling. When the shaft portion is the shaft 270 or the wheel shaft 410, a space is ensured so as to be fitted into the locking mechanism 10 and the electromagnetic plunger 30.

(Mode of operation) (a) When unlocked, the guide shaft 21 provided at the end of the rotary block 250 is loosely fitted in the hollow inner cylindrical portion of the hollow first cylindrical body 15, and the locking body 17 is engaged with the engaging groove. The state before the end of 22. In this state, the electromagnetic plunger 30 is in the state shown in FIG. That is, the electromagnetic coil 31 is excited so that the magnetic poles of the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 are attracted. After exciting once, even if the exciting current is made zero, this state is maintained by the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic pole of the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 and the yoke 35.

(B) When locked When the direction of the exciting current of the electromagnetic coil 31 of the electromagnetic plunger 30 is switched from the state of FIG. 6 (a) as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 31 is reversed. Then, a repulsive force is generated with respect to each magnetic pole of the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32, and the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 is pushed out to a position where its tip abuts the holder 34. Even if the exciting current is set to zero in this state, the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 and the holding body 34 are attracted to hold this state.

When the shaft 16 is pushed out, the locking body 17 is also pushed out in the state of FIG. 2, and at the initial stage, the locking body 17 first contacts the end surface of the shaft portion 20 which is continuous with the guide shaft 21. At this time, if the locking body 17 and the engaging groove 22 are aligned with each other, both are surely fitted together following the pushing operation, and a locked state is formed. When they do not match, the coil spring 14 is compressed while following the pushing operation of the shaft 16,
The hollow first tubular body 15 is pushed out. In conjunction with this, the projection 12 is pushed out, the guide groove 13 moves in a circular motion with respect to the projection 12, and as a result, the hollow second tubular body 11 is pushed back while rotating with respect to the hollow first tubular body 15. , Locking body 17
Makes a circular motion while contacting the end face of the shaft portion 20 which is continuous with the guide shaft 21. Since a plurality of engaging grooves 22 are provided, if the locking body 17 makes a circular motion, the engaging groove 2 must be somewhere.
Engage 2. As a result, the locked state can be maintained.

(C) When not locked again When the direction of the exciting current of the electromagnetic coil 31 is changed from the state of FIG. 6 (b) to the same direction as that of FIG. 6 (a), the rod-shaped permanent magnet 3
The attraction force between the electromagnetic coil 31 and the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 is increased against the attraction force between the holding member 34 and the holding body 34, and the rod-shaped permanent magnet 32 is attracted to the yoke 35 side. In this way, the shaft 16 can be cyclically pushed and pulled. As a result, the engagement between the engagement body 17 and the engagement groove 22 can be released, and the initial state of FIG. 6A can be restored.

ON / OFF of exciting current to the electromagnetic coil 31
F is performed by the operation switch provided in the driver's seat.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention, and these modifications are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

[0042]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the lock mechanism for stopping the free rotation during the stop is provided on the rotary shaft of the motor used in the in-wheel motor system or the transmission gear take-out shaft. Since it is provided, the vehicle can be reliably stopped. Further, since the lock mechanism is directly provided on the shaft of the motor, which is the drive source, the lock action becomes more reliable.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a drive mechanism for an electric vehicle showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lock mechanism showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a rotary shaft to which a lock mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow from the break line D in FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines A, B, and C of FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrows.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an operating state of the electromagnetic plunger showing the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a conventional drive mechanism for an electric vehicle.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of an electric power vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Locking Mechanism 11 Hollow Second Cylinder 12 Protrusion 13 Guide Groove 14 Coil Spring 15 Hollow First Cylinder 16 , 270 Shaft 17 Locking Body 20 Shaft Part 21 Guide Shaft 22 Engaging Groove 30 Electromagnetic Plunger 31 Electromagnetic Coil 32 Rod Permanent Magnet 33 Stopper 34 Holding body 35 Yoke 100 Drive mechanism 200 Motor 210 Casing 211 Outer frames 211a, 212a Bracket part 212 Inner frame 213 End ring 214 End plate 220 Stator 221 Stator core 222 Coil 230 Motor bearing 240 Cylindrical rotor 241 Rotor iron core 242 Permanent magnet 250 Rotating block 280 Cables 290, 291 Support ring 300 Reduction gear mechanism 400 Brake 410 Wheel shaft 500 Tire 600 Lock mechanism 601 Support frame 602 Bush 603 Cable terminal

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating shaft of a motor used in an in-wheel motor system is provided with a lock mechanism that stops rotation so as to be disengageable , and an engaging groove is formed in the rotating shaft.
A locking body that engages with the engaging groove can be rotated around the rotary shaft and
A drive device for an electric vehicle, which is loosely fitted so as to be able to move forward and backward . 2. A driving device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 Symbol mounting, the locking mechanism, the hollow first cylindrical body that is electromagnetically driven, hollow second cylindrical body loosely fitted in the hollow first cylindrical body, said Electricity characterized in that the hollow second tubular body is rotatably and backwardly related to the hollow first tubular body by a projection and a guide groove, and the rotary shaft is loosely fitted in the hollow portion of the hollow first tubular body. Vehicle drive.