JP3364829B2 - Antenna device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feeding type antenna device for propagating radio waves between two parallel plate conductors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A power feeding type antenna for propagating radio waves between two parallel plate conductors has a planar structure and
Since low loss characteristics can be obtained, it is particularly effective for millimeter-wave band antennas, and an application example as a forward-looking radar mounted on an automobile has been reported. FIG. 10 shows 199
In July 4th, S. A. "LowC" by Zelubowski
ost Antenna Alternatives
for Automatic Radiators ”, MI
CROWAVE JOURNAL pp. 54-63 is a structural explanatory view of the conventional antenna device shown in 54-63,
(A) is a top view and (b) is a sectional view. 1 in the figure
a and 1b are parallel plate waveguides formed of two parallel conductor plates, 2 is a plurality of radiation slots formed in the conductor plate on one side of the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and 3b to 3d are parallel plate waveguides 1b. A wave source 4 placed inside is a parabolic reflection wall that connects the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b, and 5 is a power feed composed of the wave sources 3b to 3d and the parabolic reflection wall 4. , 6 is a radiation part formed by an array arrangement of the plurality of radiation slots 2, 7 is a radio wave absorber, and 8 is a parabolic shape composed of the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b and the parabolic reflection wall 4. It is a bent portion.

Next, the operation will be described. In this antenna device, parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b are formed on the back surface of the radiation section 6 so as to have a two-layer structure, and the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b having the two-layer structure are connected to each other by parabolic reflection. The parabolic bent portion 8 having the wall 4 is used, and the wave sources 3b to 3 are provided at the focal point of the parabolic bent portion 8 and its vicinity, respectively.
It is an antenna device having a configuration in which d is arranged. Wave source 3b-3
The electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source of d is the parallel plate waveguide 1b.
Is converted into a quasi-plane wave that can be regarded as a substantially plane wave by the parabolic reflection wall 4 of the parabolic bent portion 8, and then propagates through the parallel plate waveguide 1a toward the radiating portion 6, and the radiating portion 6 Are sequentially coupled to a plurality of radiating slots 2 provided in, and radiated as an electromagnetic wave from each radiating slot 2. Since the electromagnetic wave supplied to the radiating section 6 is converted into a plane wave, a plurality of slots in the radiating section 6 in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the plane wave are simply arranged in the same row and are fed in the same phase. Here, the residual power that cannot be completely radiated from all the radiation slots 2 and is left is wasted by the electromagnetic wave absorber 7 provided in the parallel plate waveguide 1a and operating as a non-reflection termination. That is, this antenna device operates as an antenna by providing the power feeding unit 5 that supplies a plane wave at a position coplanar with the radiation unit 6.

The conventional feeding type antenna device for propagating radio waves between two parallel plate conductors is constructed as described above, and is compared with other feeding type planar antennas such as a microstrip line. It has a low loss characteristic and is particularly effective in the millimeter wave band. Further, compared with a reflector antenna or the like, there is an advantage that the entire device is planar rather than three-dimensional and can be downsized.

[0005]

As described above, the conventional antenna device is of the traveling wave feeding type in which the plane wave traveling in the parallel plate waveguide 1a and the radiation slot 2 are coupled. In order to direct the normal beam in the normal direction of the radiation section 6, it is necessary to make the radiation slots in phase. In the traveling wave feed type, the reflection at each radiation slot that directs the beam to the front also becomes in phase, and the reflected wave becomes large. This type of power feeding has a problem that it is not easy to change the impedance and impedance matching cannot be achieved. Therefore, usually, the beam is tilted from the front to shift the phase of the reflected wave to achieve matching. This tilt angle is often several tens of degrees.

Further, there is a beam shift as a problem of the beam tilt antenna. Since the slots are fed with progressive waves sequentially, the feeding phase error increases in proportion to the feeding length in the slot on the terminal side. Even if the error is several degrees per slot, it becomes several tens of degrees at the terminal end, and the beam direction shifts. That is, there is a problem that the beam direction shifts due to a design error and a manufacturing error. Furthermore, even if the beam is designed at a certain frequency, the beam direction changes when the frequency slightly changes, so that the frequency characteristic in the beam direction is large. As described above, the conventional antenna device has a narrow band in nature, and its usable applications are extremely limited.

Further, in this type of traveling wave power feeding, it is difficult to control the excitation amplitude. If the radiation from the slot at the input end is large, no power is transmitted to the slot at the terminal end, and a large amplitude taper is added, so that the gain is significantly reduced. On the other hand, if the radiation from the slot is reduced, the power is transmitted to the terminal slot, but the remaining power is absorbed by the absorber and becomes a loss, so that the advantage of the power feeding system aiming at low loss cannot be utilized. Also, in order to obtain 45 ° polarized waves, it is necessary to make the slots slanted, but by slanting the slots, the radiation resistance is reduced, so that the radiation from each slot is reduced and the efficiency is reduced. Therefore, there is generally a problem that equal amplitude characteristics cannot be obtained and the gain is reduced.

Therefore, impedance matching is easily achieved,
And, the radiation direction of the beam becomes the normal direction of the radiation unit 2,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to obtain an antenna device whose beam direction does not largely depend on frequency and which can form a plurality of beams.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, the antenna device according to the first invention is for feeding a plane wave to the parallel plate waveguide at one input end of the parallel plate waveguide. It has a feeding part composed of a wave source and a parabolic reflection wall, and has a microstrip antenna having a flat plate surface on one side of the parallel plate waveguide as a ground conductor. The microstrip antennas arranged in the same direction are fed, and the probes arranged in the direction substantially perpendicular to the plane wave traveling direction in the vicinity of the central portion of the parallel plate waveguide are inserted from the microstrip line into the parallel plate waveguide. The microstrip line is excited by the probe, and the microstrip antenna is further excited.

The antenna device according to the second invention is
Slits are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane wave traveling direction on the parallel plate conductor on the side where the microstrip antenna is located near the center of the parallel plate waveguide, and the electromagnetic field in the parallel plate waveguide and the microstrip are arranged. The line and the line are electromagnetically coupled to each other to excite the microstrip line and further excite the microstrip antenna.

The antenna device according to the third invention is
In the above antenna device, a parallel plate waveguide is provided with a bent portion that is bent approximately 180 ° on the side where the microstrip line is not provided, and a power feeding portion for feeding a plane wave to the parallel plate waveguide is arranged on the back side without the microstrip antenna. It was done.

The antenna device according to the fourth invention is
In the above antenna device, a barrier made of a radio wave absorber is added to the terminal side of the parallel plate waveguide.

The antenna device according to the fifth invention is
In the above antenna device, the feeding part of the parallel plate waveguide is a wave source in which the lens and the lens are arranged substantially at the focal position.

The antenna device according to the sixth invention is
In the above antenna device, the microstrip antenna is polarized approximately 45 ° with respect to the plane wave traveling direction.

The antenna device according to the seventh invention is
A radiation slot is used in the antenna device instead of the microstrip antenna.

Further, the antenna device according to the eighth invention is
In the above antenna device, a plurality of wave sources forming the power feeding section are arranged.

The antenna device according to the ninth invention is
In the above antenna device, a plurality of wave sources constituting the power feeding section are arranged, and these wave sources are integrated with an MMIC, and the MMIC switch or the like is used to switch and excite.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an overall view, (b) is a plan view of the inside of a parallel plate waveguide, and (c) is a sectional view. In the figure, reference numeral 1a denotes a parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel conductor plates, and 9 denotes a flat plate surface on one side of the parallel plate waveguide 1a, which acts as a ground conductor. Further, 10 is a dielectric substrate formed above the ground conductor 9, and 11 is a microstrip antenna which functions as a radiating element. The microstrip antenna 11 is fed in series by a microstrip line 12 that is wired in a direction substantially parallel to the traveling direction of a plane wave inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and a radiation portion is formed by an array arrangement of a large number of microstrip antennas. Make up 6. The microstrip antenna has a simple structure and can usually be easily manufactured by only etching a copper-clad dielectric substrate. Therefore, cost reduction, thinning, and miniaturization are possible. In addition, a thin antenna that can be easily manufactured by a single etching can be obtained by forming a power feeding line such as a power combining / dividing circuit by using a microstrip line on the same plane as the radiating element. Reference numeral 13 denotes the microstrip line 1 near the center of the parallel plate waveguide 1a.
2 is a probe inserted into the parallel plate waveguide 1a. Further, the power supply unit 5 is composed of the wave source 3a and the parabolic reflection wall 4 in exactly the same manner as in the conventional device.

Next, the operation will be described. The wave source 3a has a shape such as a waveguide inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and radiates electromagnetic waves toward the parabolic reflection wall 4 from the opening provided in the waveguide. The above-mentioned waveguide is a three-dimensional circuit such as a waveguide corner or a waveguide bend, or is taken out on the back surface of the parallel plate waveguide 1a by a coaxial waveguide converter or the like, so that the electrical interface of the antenna device according to the present invention is obtained. It becomes a point. The opening of the above-mentioned waveguide acting as the wave source 3a may be tapered like a horn antenna. The plane wave excited inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a by the feeding part 5 composed of the wave source 3a and the parabolic reflection wall 4 is fed to the standing wave by the probe 13 to make the microstrip line 12 substantially equal. Excite in phase. Therefore, by arranging the microstrip line so that the microstrip antenna 11 that is serially fed to the microstrip line 12 is fed with equal amplitude and phase, the radiation part 6 has a substantially uniform aperture distribution, and the radiation part 6 has a substantially uniform aperture distribution. Radio waves can be emitted in a direction substantially orthogonal to 6. Further, since the feeding line is configured by the microstrip line, impedance matching can be freely performed.

Since the probe 13 for exciting the microstrip line 12 is arranged near the center of the microstrip line 12, the phase of the radiating portion 6 when the frequency is slightly deviated from the design center frequency. Since the distribution appears as a phase advance or a phase delay which is substantially line-symmetric with respect to the line on which the probe 13 of the radiating section 6 is arranged, there is almost no change in the beam direction due to a frequency change. Further, even if the excitation amplitude phase of the microstrip antenna is disturbed and the beam is tilted, the tilt amount can be canceled out because the beams are arranged symmetrically with respect to the feeding point.

The present invention is also effective when the excitation distribution of the microstrip antenna 11 arranged by the microstrip line 12 in the direction parallel to the plane wave traveling direction inside the parallel plate waveguide is not uniform. For example, it is possible to obtain a low sidelobe type antenna device having a Taylor distribution. Furthermore, by adding an appropriate phase distribution to the microstrip line,
It is also possible to shift the beam from an axis orthogonal to the radiator 6. Further, in the drawing, an example of a square microstrip antenna is shown as the radiating element, but in addition to this, the same effect can be obtained by using a rectangular microstrip antenna, a circular microstrip antenna, or the like.

Embodiment 2. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an enlarged view of a part of the array array of the microstrip antenna 11 which is the same as that of the embodiment, and (b) is a sectional view. In the figure, 14
Is a slit provided in the ground conductor 9, and the plane wave excited inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a by the power feeding portion 5 is electromagnetically coupled to the microstrip line 12 by the slit 14 so that the microstrip line 12 is electromagnetically coupled. Excite. The operation of exciting the microstrip antenna 11 by the microstrip line 12 is the same as in the first embodiment.
The beam can be emitted on an axis substantially orthogonal to the emission unit 6. As described above, in the second embodiment of the present invention, since the power supply is of the electromagnetic coupling type, the probe 13 as in the first embodiment is not required, the structure is simple and the manufacturing is easy.

Embodiment 3. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an overall view, (b)
Is a sectional view. In the figure, a power feeding section 5 composed of a wave source 3a and a parabolic reflection wall 4 is arranged inside a parallel plate waveguide 1b installed on the back surface of the parallel plate waveguide 1a. Here, the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b are connected to each other by a bent portion 15 such that the parallel plate waveguide can be regarded as an E-plane corner of the wide waveguide. The configurations of the parallel plate waveguide 1a and the radiation section 6 are exactly the same as those in the first embodiment. Since the power feeding unit 5 is formed on the back surface of the radiation unit 6, the size can be reduced. Further, the bent portion is not a parabolic bent portion as in the conventional antenna device, but has a linear shape that can be regarded as an E-plane corner of a wide waveguide, which facilitates machining, and When the hardware is divided at the bent portion, the assembling accuracy can be relaxed as compared with the parabolic bent portion, so that the antenna device that can be easily processed and assembled can be obtained. The plane wave generated in the parallel plate waveguide 1b by the power feeding section 5 propagates to the parallel plate waveguide 1a by the bending section 15, and is radiated by the radiating section 6 in the radiating section 6.
The beam can be emitted on an axis substantially orthogonal to. Further, in the figure, as the method of exciting the microstrip line 12 from the electromagnetic field inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a, the same probe 13 as in the above-mentioned first embodiment is used, but like the above-mentioned second embodiment. Slit 14 on the ground conductor 9
May be provided to supply power to the microstrip line by electromagnetic coupling.

Fourth Embodiment Fourth Embodiment FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 7 is a barrier made of a radio wave absorber, and the electric power of the plane wave inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a that cannot be completely coupled with the probe 13 or the slit 14 is the end of the parallel plate waveguide. For the purpose of preventing the reflection characteristics of the antenna device from deteriorating and deteriorating the reflection characteristics of the antenna device, the power reflected at the terminal end of the parallel plate waveguide is the probe 13 or the slit 1.
It is inserted for the purpose of preventing it from disturbing the aperture distribution of the array arrangement of the microstrip antenna 11 which is coupled to the antenna 4 and constitutes the radiating portion 6. In the figure, the feeding portion 5 is formed by using the bent portion 15 of the parallel plate waveguide as in the third embodiment.
Although the example of arranging the above in the parallel plate waveguide 1b on the back surface of the radiation part 6 is shown, the parallel plate waveguide 1a and the power are fed in the same plane without using the bent portion 15 as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment. The part 5 may be arranged.

Embodiment 5. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a plan view of the inside of the parallel plate waveguide 1b, and (b) is a sectional view. In the figure, reference numeral 16 denotes a lens, which constitutes the power supply unit 5 together with the wave source 3a arranged near the focal point of the lens 16 and can convert the electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source 3a into a plane wave inside the parallel plate waveguide 1b. The electromagnetic wave excited from the wave source 3 a proceeds in the traveling direction as it is, passes through the lens 16 and becomes a plane wave, and is supplied to the radiating portion 6 via the bending portion 15. The operation of the radiating unit 6 is exactly the same as that of the above embodiment. Unlike the conventional antenna device, the wave source 3a itself does not cause so-called blocking that blocks the path of the plane wave in the parallel plate waveguide, so that the loss can be reduced and the side lobe can be reduced. In addition, since the blocking does not occur, the disturbance of the electromagnetic field inside the parallel plate waveguide can be reduced, and there is also an advantage that the aperture distribution of the radiation portion 6 can be easily matched with the design value. Although the drawing shows the example in which the feeding portion 5 is arranged in the parallel plate waveguide 1b on the back surface of the radiation portion 6 by using the bent portion 15 of the parallel plate waveguide as in the third embodiment, the above first embodiment is described. Alternatively, as in the second embodiment, the feeding portion 5 may be arranged on the same plane as the parallel plate waveguide 1a without using the bent portion 15. In addition, although the shape of the lens 16 is a so-called convex lens type in the figure, the same effect can be obtained even if the electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source 3a can be converted into a plane wave.

Sixth Embodiment FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention and is a plan view of the radiating portion 6. In the figure, 11 is a microstrip antenna,
Reference numeral 12 is a microstrip line, and 13 is a probe to be inserted from the microstrip line 12 into the parallel plate waveguide 1a, which is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.
Reference numeral 17 indicates the direction of polarization of the radiated radio wave. Generally, the polarization directions of the microstrip antenna are the microstrip line 12 and the microstrip antenna 11.
Microstrip antenna 11 and the feeding point that connects
It is parallel to the straight line connecting the center point of. Therefore, by arranging the feeding point with respect to the microstrip antenna 11 at a position that is approximately 45 ° with respect to the plane wave traveling direction inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a, it is approximately 45 ° with respect to the plane wave traveling direction. Can be excited. For example, in an antenna for a forward monitoring radar mounted on a vehicle, application of a 45 ° oblique polarization to the ground has been studied for the purpose of avoiding radio wave interference with a radar wave of an oncoming vehicle. When an antenna device that radiates 45 ° polarized waves is applied as an antenna for a forward surveillance radar mounted on an automobile, the mounting direction of the antenna device can be horizontal or vertical with respect to the vehicle body.
Since there is no need to install it at an angle, the area occupied by the entire device can be reduced. In addition, although the polarization is set to 45 ° obliquely here, the polarization direction can be freely changed by changing the position of the feeding point.

Embodiment 7. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an overall view, (b)
Is a sectional view. In the figure, 18 is a conductor plate disposed on the dielectric substrate 10, and 2 is a radiation slot provided in the conductor plate 18. The electromagnetic field inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a is radiated by the slit 14 provided in the ground conductor 9 into the radiation slot 2
And radiate radio waves in a direction substantially orthogonal to the radiation unit 6. Generally, when a microstrip antenna is fed by a microstrip line, a high impedance line is required to match the microstrip line and the microstrip antenna. The microstrip line has a high line impedance when the line width becomes narrow, but when the microstrip line is applied to the millimeter wave band, the line width becomes considerably narrow, so the loss increases, and the precision when manufacturing by etching etc. Strict management is required. Embodiment 7 of the present invention
Then, by using a radiation slot instead of the microstrip antenna, loss can be reduced, and an antenna that is easy to manufacture and inexpensive can be obtained. In the figure, an example of a 45 ° obliquely polarized wave is shown as an example of the radiation slot, but since the present invention does not particularly depend on the polarization direction, the radiation slot may be provided in any direction.

Embodiment 8. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an overall view, (b)
Is a sectional view. In the figure, 3b to 3d are the lens 16
The wave source is arranged in the vicinity of the focal point of, and constitutes the feeding portion 5 together with the lens 16, and in particular, the wave source 3c is arranged in the very vicinity of the focal point of the lens 16. Reference numeral 19 denotes an imaginary plane orthogonal to the plane wave traveling direction inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and 20a to 20c denote beam directions in the plane of the imaginary plane 19 of the antenna device according to the eighth embodiment, particularly 2
Reference numeral 0a indicates the normal direction of the radiating portion 6. The electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source 3c is passed through the lens 16 to the parallel plate waveguide 1
b becomes a plane wave inside and is propagated to the parallel plate waveguide 1a by the bent portion 15 and propagates from the radiation portion 6 to the normal direction 2 of the radiation portion 6.
Emitting the beam at 0a is exactly the same as the above embodiment. The electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source 3b or 3d arranged at a position slightly deviated from the focus of the lens 16 also becomes a plane wave by the lens 16, but the phase distribution of those wavefronts is inclined with respect to the virtual plane 19. Therefore, a multi-beam antenna capable of tilting the beam in the virtual plane is obtained. Although the figure shows the case where there are three wave sources, the number of wave sources is not particularly limited as long as the wave sources can be further arranged near the focal point of the lens 19. In FIG. 8, the wave source 3c is arranged very close to the focal point of the lens 16 so that at least one beam is emitted from the radiation section 6.
Although the example in which the beam is radiated in the normal direction 20a of the radiating section 6 is shown, when it is not necessary to direct the beam in the normal direction 20a of the radiating section 6, for example, the beam slightly tilts from the normal direction 20a of the radiating section In the case where two different beams are formed and applied as a monopulse antenna, it is not necessary to dispose at least one of a plurality of wave sources arranged near the focal point of the lens 16 very close to the focal point of the lens 16. In addition, using the parabolic reflection wall 4 instead of the lens 16,
The same effect can be obtained when a plurality of parabolic reflection walls 4 are arranged near the focal point.

Ninth Embodiment 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the eighth embodiment, the MM
IC (Monolithic Microwave I
Integrated Circuit) is integrated. With the MMIC 21, a plurality of beams generated by the wave sources 3b to 3d can be arbitrarily switched and radiated, and a small and lightweight electronic control antenna can be obtained. This MMIC21
Includes a switching means for switching the beam, a circuit such as a transceiver, and the like.

[0030]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a power feeding section composed of a wave source for feeding a plane wave to the parallel plate waveguide and a parabolic reflection wall at one input end of the parallel plate waveguide. And a microstrip antenna having a flat plate surface on one side of the parallel plate waveguide as a ground conductor, the microstrip line feeds the microstrip antennas arranged in substantially the same direction as the plane wave traveling direction, A microstrip line is inserted into a parallel flat plate waveguide with probes arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane wave traveling direction in the vicinity of the central portion of the flat plate waveguide, and the microstrip line is excited by the probe. Since the antenna is configured to be excited, it is possible to obtain an antenna in which the radiation direction of the beam is almost the normal direction of the radiation part. There is. In addition, since the insertion position of the probe is near the center of the parallel plate waveguide, there is an effect that an antenna having a small frequency characteristic in the beam direction can be obtained. In addition, since the feeding line is configured by the microstrip line, there is an effect that impedance matching can be freely achieved.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, the electromagnetic field in the parallel plate waveguide and the microstrip line are electromagnetically coupled, so that the structure is simple and the manufacture is easy.

According to the third aspect of the invention, in the above antenna device, the parallel plate waveguide is provided with a bent portion which is bent by about 180 ° on the side where the microstrip line is not provided, and the plane wave is fed to the parallel plate waveguide. By arranging the power feeding part of (1) on the back side without the microstrip antenna, there is an effect that the size can be reduced.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since a barrier made of a radio wave absorber is added to the terminal side of the parallel plate waveguide, the parallel plate waveguide of the residual power that cannot be completely coupled by the probe or the electromagnetic coupling slit. It is possible to reduce the reflection on the terminal side, improve the reflection characteristics of the antenna, and reduce the turbulence of the beam.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the parabolic reflection wall acting to convert the electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source into a plane wave is used as a lens, there is no blocking by the wave source and the reflection of the antenna is prevented. The characteristics are reduced, and the radiation characteristics with high gain and low sidelobe can be obtained.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the microstrip antenna is polarized at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the plane wave traveling direction, so that a polarized wave at an angle of approximately 45 ° can be easily radiated without degrading radiation characteristics. There is an effect that an antenna that can be obtained can be obtained. With this effect, when applied to an antenna for a forward monitoring radar mounted on an automobile, there is an effect that radio wave interference with an oncoming vehicle can be reduced without increasing the size of the device.

Further, according to the seventh invention, since the radiation slot is used instead of the microstrip antenna, there is an effect that an inexpensive antenna with low loss can be obtained.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, a plurality of wave sources forming the feeding section are arranged, so that a multi-beam antenna for radiating a plurality of beams in a plane orthogonal to the plane wave in the parallel plate waveguide. There is an effect that can be obtained.

Further, according to the ninth invention, a plurality of wave sources constituting the power feeding section are arranged, and the wave sources and the MMI are arranged.
Since the configuration is integrated with the C switch, miniaturization is achieved, and there is an effect that it is possible to obtain an electronically controlled antenna that switches and radiates a plurality of beams in a plane orthogonal to the plane wave in the parallel plate waveguide.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of an antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 2 is a second embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 3 is a third embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 4 is a fourth embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 5 is a fifth embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 6 is a sixth embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 7 is a seventh embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 8 is an eighth embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 9 is a ninth embodiment of the antenna device according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional antenna of a feeding type in which a radio wave is propagated between two parallel plate conductors.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 parallel plate waveguide, 2 radiation slot, 3 wave source, 4
Parabolic reflection wall, 5 feeding part, 6 radiating part, 7 radio wave absorber, 8 parabolic bent part, 9 ground conductor, 10 dielectric substrate, 11 microstrip antenna, 12
Microstrip line, 13 probe, 14 slit, 15 bent part, 16 lens, 17 polarization direction, 18 conductor plate, 19 virtual plane, 20 beam direction, 21 MMIC.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-167812 (JP, A) JP-A-4-186903 (JP, A) Special Tables 5-506759 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int .Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01Q 21/06-21/08 H01Q 13/08 H01Q 13/22 H01Q 15/22

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of parallel plate conductors and a conductor wall for holding the parallel plate conductors with a certain gap maintained between the first end face having the parallel plate conductors and the side facing the first end face. A parallel plate waveguide disposed on the second end face of the parallel plate waveguide, an input end including a third end face of the parallel plate waveguide on the side without the conductor wall, and a third end face of the parallel plate waveguide. An end formed of a fourth end surface on the side opposite to,
As a ground conductor, a feed portion composed of a wave source for feeding a plane wave to the parallel plate waveguide on the input end side and a parabolic reflection wall, and a flat plate surface on one side having the parallel plate waveguide as a ground conductor, A plurality of microstrip antennas including a dielectric substrate on the ground conductor and a radiation element on the dielectric substrate, and a microstrip including the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate on the same plane as the radiation element. A line, a structure in which the plurality of microstrip antennas arranged in substantially the same direction as the plane wave traveling direction in the parallel plate waveguide are connected to the microstrip line to feed power, and a structure in the one line A plurality of array arrays, and the plane wave traveling in the vicinity of the central part of each row of the array array and in the vicinity of the central part of the parallel plate waveguide. Direction substantially probes arranged in a direction perpendicular is constituted by the inserted structure in the parallel-plate waveguide from the microstrip line of the respective antenna devices. 2. The parallel plate conductors and a conductor wall for holding the parallel plate conductors with a certain gap maintained between the first end face having the parallel plate conductors and the side facing the first end face. A parallel plate waveguide disposed on the second end face of the parallel plate waveguide, an input end including a third end face of the parallel plate waveguide on the side without the conductor wall, and a third end face of the parallel plate waveguide. An end formed of a fourth end surface on the side opposite to,
As a ground conductor, a feed portion composed of a wave source for feeding a plane wave to the parallel plate waveguide on the input end side and a parabolic reflection wall, and a flat plate surface on one side having the parallel plate waveguide as a ground conductor, A plurality of microstrip antennas including a dielectric substrate on the ground conductor and a radiation element on the dielectric substrate, and a microstrip including the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate on the same plane as the radiation element. A line and a structure in which the plurality of microstrip antennas arranged in substantially the same direction as the plane wave traveling direction in the parallel plate waveguide are connected to the microstrip line and fed, and the structure in one line. A plurality of array arrays, and the microsts in the vicinity of the center of each of the rows forming the array and in the vicinity of the center of the parallel plate waveguide. A plurality of slits and the configured antenna device arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular with the plane wave traveling direction parallel flat conductors of a side of the Ppuantena. 3. A parallel plate waveguide can be regarded as an E-plane corner of a wide waveguide in the vicinity of an end of an array array composed of a plurality of microstrip antennas.
A bent portion formed by bending the parallel-plate waveguide on the side without the microstrip antenna by about 180 °, a wave source for feeding a plane wave to the parallel-plate waveguide, and a parabolic reflection wall. 3. The power feeding section is arranged on the back surface side of the parallel plate waveguide where the microstrip antenna is absent by being connected to the power feeding section. The antenna device described. 4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a barrier made of a radio wave absorber is formed on the end side of the parallel plate waveguide. 5. A power supply unit comprising a lens and a wave source arranged substantially at a focus position of the lens is formed on the input side of the parallel plate waveguide.
The antenna device according to any one of 1. 6. The microstrip antenna is a plane of polarization in a direction substantially 45 ° to the direction of the direction vector of the plane wave traveling direction in the parallel plate waveguide. The antenna device according to any one of 1. 7. A radiation slot is provided instead of the microstrip antenna.
6. The antenna device according to any one of 6. 8. A wave source that constitutes the feeding part of the parallel plate waveguide, wherein a plurality of wave sources are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane wave traveling direction in the parallel plate waveguide, and those wave sources are excited. A plurality of beams are formed in a plane orthogonal to the plane wave traveling direction by
7. The antenna device according to any one of 7. 9. A wave source constituting the feeding part of the parallel plate waveguide, wherein a plurality of wave sources are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane wave traveling direction in the parallel plate waveguide, and are integrated with those wave sources. MMIC (Monolithic Mic
rowaveIntegrated Circuit)
And a configuration in which a beam direction in a plane orthogonal to a plane wave traveling direction is switchable by switching and exciting the wave source using a switching means such as the MMIC switch. 7. The antenna device according to any one of 7.