JP3363430B2 - Trenching equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a groove digging device for continuously digging grooves on the surface of the ground, and more particularly to a groove digging device using a screw auger. In addition to trenchers and backhoes, a screw auger equipped with a screw blade on its rotating shaft is used as a device for digging grooves on the surface of the earth to bury pipes and cables, and for grooving the surface of fruit gardens and golf courses. There is a method to do.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A groove digging device using a screw auger is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-316919. In this groove digging device, a substantially semi-cylindrical support body having an open front surface is connected to a boom attached to a large-sized traveling vehicle capable of traveling on the ground, and a front half portion is exposed to the support body. The screw auger is housed in, the rotary shaft of the screw auger is rotatably supported by the boom and / or the support, and the scraping portion is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the screw blade. With such a configuration, the traveling vehicle is run with the screw auger rotated,
The scraping unit scrapes off the soil, lifts the scraped soil up through a screw auger, and discharges it.A relatively wide groove corresponding to the outer diameter of the screw blade is continuously formed at a substantially constant depth. Can be drilled into.

[0003]

However, the conventional groove digging device using the screw auger has the following problems. (1) The width of the traveling vehicle is considerably wider than the width of the screw auger, and the groove cannot be dug in a place narrower than the traveling vehicle can travel. So, for example, digging a trench to bury a sewer pipe in a narrow space between adjacent houses,
It is not possible to sew a gap in a narrow place by sewing a gap between a garden tree, a mountain, and a fountain (koike) in a garden. You can't do it. (2) When digging in a narrow place with a width of about 60 cm or less, it is difficult and dangerous to use a conventional digging device, and it is performed manually. In this case, the excavated soil is widely scattered around the ditch and pollutes the work site.

In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a groove having a width corresponding to the outer diameter of the screw auger with a substantially constant depth or a desired gradient even in a place having a width as narrow as the width of the screw auger (for example, 30 cm). It is an object of the present invention to provide a groove digging device capable of continuously excavating.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a groove digging device, a traveling carriage, a support provided at a rear portion in the traveling direction of the traveling carriage, and a rear portion of the traveling carriage with respect to the support. And a screw casing having a substantially semi-cylindrical portion whose front surface in the traveling direction is opened, and a screw blade provided on the screw shaft, and a substantially semi-cylindrical space surrounded by the screw casing. comprising a screw auger held substantially vertical state in a state where the first half is exposed, and the screw shaft driving device for rotating the screw shaft of the screw auger and a casing lifting device for controlling the vertical movement of the screw casing The width of the traveling carriage is
The outer diameter of the housing is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the semi-cylindrical portion . The groove digging device of the invention of claim 2 is the claim
In one aspect of the present invention, the traveling carriage travels on guide rails installed along both sides of the planned trenching region. The groove digging device of the invention of claim 3 is the claim
In the invention of claim 2 , the traveling vehicle is provided with protrusions on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel intermittently in the outer peripheral direction, and the guide rail is engageable with the protrusion of the wheel outer peripheral surface of the traveling vehicle on the upper surface thereof. It is characterized in that round holes or elongated holes of a size are provided intermittently in the traveling direction of the carriage. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the groove digging device according to the first aspect of the invention, in the screw shaft drive device, a rotation output of the screw shaft drive motor is transmitted to an upper end portion of the screw shaft via a reduction transmission mechanism. The screw auger is characterized in that the upper end of the screw shaft is detachably attached to the reduction transmission mechanism. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the casing elevating device includes an elevating handle disposed on the traveling carriage and a rotation position of the elevating handle of the screw casing. And a gear mechanism for converting to an up and down position for transmission. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the groove digging device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the traveling carriage and the support, the casing elevating device, the screw casing and the screw auger, and the blocks of the screw shaft driving device are disassembled / assembled. Is possible. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the groove digging device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a passenger table is connectable to a front portion of the traveling vehicle in the traveling direction. According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the lifting handle can be remotely operated so that the height of the screw auger is at a desired position.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the screw auger is rotated by the screw shaft drive motor while the traveling carriage is being advanced, the soil is scraped off by the scraping portion, and the scraped sand is lifted up by the screw auger. It is possible to continuously dig the groove by discharging the groove. At this time, it is possible to set the depth of the groove by performing the raising and lowering operation of the screw casing and by extension the screw auger by the casing raising and lowering device,
The depth of the groove can be made to have a desired gradient required for laying a sewer pipe, for example. Further, since the width of the run line truck is constructed in a small outside diameter and approximately the same for substantially semi cylindrical portion of the screw casing (for example, about 30 cm),
It is possible to continuously dig a groove even in a narrow place of about 30 cm. According to the invention of claim 2 , since the traveling carriage travels on the guide rails installed along both sides of the planned trenching region, the trenching position can be set accurately. At this time, even if the planned groove digging area includes a curved portion, the linear guide rail and the curved guide rail are connected to correspond to the curved portion to accurately dig a groove including the curved portion. You can According to the third aspect of the invention, in the traveling carriage, the protrusions intermittently provided on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel travel on the guide rail while engaging with the elongated holes or round holes of the guide rail. Is less
Even with a curved guide rail, the traveling direction can be easily changed along the rail, and stable traveling is possible. Claim 4
According to the invention, since the screw auger is removable with respect to the screw casing, the screw auger is replaced as necessary, for example, when the screw blade is bent or the scraping portion is damaged or worn. It is possible. According to the invention of claim 5 , the casing lifting device converts the rotational position of the lifting handle arranged on the traveling carriage to the lifting position of the screw casing and transmits it, so that the groove is moved by operating the lifting handle. It is possible to easily adjust the digging depth. According to the invention of claim 6 , the groove excavator can be disassembled / assembled into at least 4 blocks. Therefore, before the excavation work, the groove excavator is disassembled into 4 blocks to reduce the weight of individual parts. It is possible to carry in (assemble) after being carried into the ditching site, and after the ditching work, the ditching device can be disassembled into 4 blocks again and the lightened individual parts can be carried out (removed) from the ditching site. It is possible to reduce the personnel involved in the digging work and to carry out the digging work with a small number of people. According to the invention of claim 7 , since the passenger table can be connected to the front part of the traveling vehicle in the traveling direction, the operator operating the lifting handle while the passenger table is connected advances by riding on the passenger table. It is possible to balance the weight with the rear part in the direction. Alternatively, it is possible to balance the weight with the rear part in the traveling direction by applying a load other than the operator on the passenger table in a state where the passenger table is connected. According to the invention of claim 8 , since the lifting handle can be remotely operated so that the height of the screw auger is at a desired position, the height of the screw auger can be increased by using laser light in the vicinity of the groove digging device. A depth measuring device for measuring the depth of the groove by measuring the depth position is provided, and the height of the screw auger is exactly at the desired position while monitoring the accurate measurement result by this depth measuring device. As described above, it is possible to automatically operate the lifting handle by remote control and change the depth of the groove to a desired value. Further, by configuring the traveling motor of the traveling vehicle to be turned on / off and the screw shaft drive motor to be turned on / off remotely, it is possible for one operator to execute and control the trenching work. Become.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a top view schematically showing a part of a groove digging device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a cross section with a part cut away regarding the entire configuration and usage state of the groove digging device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing a cross section of a part of the groove digging device shown in FIG. Figure 4
(A), (b), (c) is the top view, the side view, and the front view which take out and show the screw casing 13 in FIG. 1 schematically. 5A and 5B are a top view and a front view showing the screw auger 15 in FIG. 1 taken out. FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a part of the guide rail 10 in FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing the cross section of the riding table 20 in FIG. 1 taken out and partially cut away.

1 to 3, 10 is a guide rail installed on the ground along both sides of the planned trenching area, 11 is a traveling carriage that can travel on the guide rail 10, and a traveling power source (for example, It is equipped with a driving motor). Reference numeral 12 is a support provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle 11 in the traveling direction,
A pair of vertical guide members having a U-shaped cross section for guiding the screw casing 13 up and down freely behind the traveling carriage 11.
It is configured by projecting 121 at the rear.

The screw casing 13 of this embodiment is
As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the upper portion has a cylindrical shape and the lower portion has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape with an open front surface, but it may have a substantially semi-cylindrical shape from the upper portion to the lower portion. A pair of support plates 131 are provided so as to project from the entire upper surface of the screw casing 13, and the plurality of rollers 132 are rotatably supported by the pair of support plates 131 in a two-row arrangement in the vertical direction. The plurality of rollers 132 are vertically slidable in the grooves of a pair of vertical guides 121 having a U-shaped cross section and projecting from the support 12. Further, a handle 14 for attaching and detaching the screw casing 13 is welded to the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the screw casing 13.

On the other hand, the screw auger 15 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), the rotating shaft (screw shaft)
A screw blade 152 is welded to the outer peripheral surface of 151, and a ring-shaped flange 153 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the upper end of the screw shaft 151. The screw auger 15 is housed in the cylindrical and semi-cylindrical spaces surrounded by the screw casing 13, the flange 153 of the upper end outer peripheral portion of the screw shaft 151 is held as described later, and the front half of the screw auger 15 is exposed. In this state, the screw shaft 151 is suspended in a substantially vertical state, and the lower end of the screw shaft 151 projects downward from the screw casing 13.

The screw shaft driving device 16 is for driving the screw shaft 151 of the screw auger 15 to rotate, and the driving motor 16 is used in this embodiment. The drive motor 16 can transmit torque by a bevel gear 161 to a connecting shaft 170 connected to the upper end of the screw 15. Further, the flange 171 of the connecting shaft 170 is connected to the flange 153 of the upper end of the screw shaft 151 of the screw 15 by the bolt 172, and when the screw blade 152 is bent or the scraped portion is damaged or worn, for example, The screw auger 15 can be replaced if necessary. It should be noted that the motor 16 may be placed horizontally as shown in the drawing or may be placed vertically, and an appropriate speed reducer may be used instead of the bevel gear 161.

Further, a casing elevating device for controlling the elevating position of the screw casing 13 to perform an elevating operation.
18 are provided. In the present embodiment, the casing lifting device 18 converts a manual lifting handle 181 arranged on the traveling carriage 11 and a rotation position of the lifting handle 181 to the lifting position of the screw casing 13 for transmission. It consists of a rack and pinion mechanism. The pinion 182 of the rack and pinion mechanism is provided at the end of the gear transmission mechanism connected to the lifting handle 181. The rack 183 is provided on the upper front surface of the screw casing 13 in the two vertical rows as described above. Is fixed between the rows of the plurality of rollers 132 protruding in the above arrangement. And pinion 18
2 and rack 183 mesh with each other. It should be noted that any lifting mechanism may be used as long as the screw casing 13 can be lifted and lowered, without using such a rack and pinion mechanism.

In this embodiment, when the rotation output of the screw shaft drive motor 16 is transmitted to the upper end of the screw shaft 151 and the screw auger 15 rotates, the screw shaft drive motor 16 rotates.
The screw blade 152 near the lower end of the 151 scrapes off the sediment below and lifts the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the groove upward, and at the scraping part of each screw blade 152 the soil and rock at the end of the groove in the advancing direction. Scratch off, take in the soil and rocks scraped off on the screw blade 152,
It is possible to lift up and discharge. In this case, the lower end of the screw casing 13 is the screw shaft.
Since it is located above the lower end of 151, the lower end of the screw casing 13 is prevented from coming into direct contact with the ground and scraping the earth and sand. Further, the facing distance between the screw casing 13 and the outer peripheral edge of the screw blade 152 of the screw auger 15 is 3 to 5 mm, and when the earth and sand scraped by the scraping unit is lifted upward and discharged, the sand is 3 to 3 mm in the earth and sand.
Pebbles larger than 5 mm will not be blocked.

Further, an earth-moving guide plate 19 for pushing the earth and sand pushed out to the ground by the screw auger 15 outward from the edge of the groove as the traveling carriage advances is provided on the support 12 or traveling carriage 11. It is provided so as to project laterally from both sides. The soil discharge guide plate 19 is made of rubber, plastic, metal, or the like, has a front edge located near the ground and is inclined so that a rear edge becomes higher, and further, a groove near the front edge is located forward, It is configured such that the other end of the edge is located rearward. In addition, the earth removal guide plate 19 is attached to the support body 12 by a detachable fastener such as a bolt.
Alternatively, it is attached to the traveling carriage 11 and can be replaced with an earth removal guide plate having a different spread angle.

Incidentally, projections 112 are intermittently provided on the outer peripheral surface of the wheels 11 of the traveling carriage 11 in the outer peripheral direction, and the guide rail 10 has a tubular body having a rectangular cross section (or, as shown in FIG. 6). A tubular body having a U-shaped cross section is installed downward, and a long hole 101 (or a round hole) of a size capable of engaging with the projection 112 of the traveling carriage 11 is intermittently provided in the traveling direction on the upper surface thereof. Both ends of the guide rail 10 are provided with piles 102.
It is fixed to the ground with. In the present embodiment, as the projection 112 of the traveling carriage 11, a bolt (for example, an inner hexagonal head having an outer cylindrical head) having a size that engages with the elongated hole 101 of the guide rail 10 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the wheel. There is.

By installing the guide rails 10 as in the present embodiment and the traveling carriage 11 traveling on the guide rails 10, it is possible to accurately set the digging position, and in addition to the linear guide rails. By connecting with a curved guide rail, a groove including a curved portion can be continuously dug. At this time, since the traveling carriage 11 travels on the guide rail 10 while the projections 112, which are intermittently provided on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel, engage with the elongated holes 101 (or round holes) of the guide rail 10, There is little sway, and even with a curved guide rail, it is easy to change the traveling direction along the rail and it is possible to travel stably.

Further, a passenger table 20 is configured to be connectable to a front portion of the traveling vehicle 11 in a traveling direction, and an operator for connecting the passenger table 20 and operating the lifting handle 181 is mounted on the passenger table 20. This makes it possible to balance the weight with the screw auger 15 and the like at the rear of the traveling direction. As shown in FIG. 7, this riding platform 20 is provided with a U-shaped connecting member 201 and a stopper member 202 at one end, and when connecting, the connecting member 201 serves as a connecting shaft at the front end of the traveling carriage 11. The stopper member 202 is stably engaged with the front end portion of the traveling carriage 11 while being engaged with each other.

Moreover, the traveling carriage 11 and the support 12
And screw casing 13 and screw auger
15 and soil discharge guide plate 19 and screw shaft drive motor 16
The blocks of the deceleration mechanism 17, the casing lifting device 18, and the passenger table 20 are connected by, for example, bolts so that they can be disassembled / assembled. As a result, before diving work, the ditching device is disassembled into individual blocks to reduce the weight of individual parts, which are brought into the ditching site and assembled, and after the ditching work, the ditching device is reassembled into individual blocks. It is possible to carry out (remove) individual parts that have been disassembled into blocks and have reduced weight from the ditching site, reducing the number of personnel involved in the ditching work, and reducing the number of ditching work (in this embodiment, in this embodiment). It is possible to execute it by one person.

Next, the operation of the groove digging device having the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the guide rails 10 are installed along both sides of the planned trenching area.
The screw auger 15 is rotated by the screw shaft drive motor 16 while the traveling carriage 11 is traveling above. Thus, the scraping portion of the screw auger 15 scrapes off the soil, the scraped soil is placed on the screw blade 152 and lifted upward, and the groove 21 having a width corresponding to the outer diameter of the screw auger 15 is continuously dug. It is possible.

In the present embodiment, the width of the traveling carriage 11 is narrower than the outer dimensions of the two guide rails 10, and the screw auger 15 is used.
The outer diameter of is approximately the same as the inner dimensions of the two guide rails 10 (for example, about 30 cm) and can be downsized as a whole, so the inner dimensions of the screw auger 15 can be reduced even in a narrow place of about 30 cm. It is possible to continuously dig a groove 21 having a width corresponding to.

The earth and sand 22 discharged upwardly are
It is piled up on the ground in front of the tip of the groove 21 in a mountain shape, and is pushed to the side by the earth discharge guide plate 19 as the traveling carriage 11 advances, and is piled up in a mountainous manner on both sides of the groove 21. Become.
The discharged earth and sand 22 are accumulated only in a narrow area near the groove 21, and therefore the discharged earth and sand 22 do not scatter over a wide area and pollute the surrounding environment. And
After laying a pipe (not shown) inside the groove 21 and backfilling with the earth and sand 22, if the soil does not contain stones such as fields and sands, or if there is no risk of damaging the pipe in the groove 21 In this case, the earth and sand 22 accumulated in the vicinity of the groove 21 can be backfilled as it is, and the backfilling operation can be reliably and easily performed.

Further, an operator (not shown) is placed on the passenger table 20 and, for example, while watching the scale provided on the entire surface of the support 12, the depth of digging the groove 21 is adjusted to a desired value by operating the lifting handle 181. It is possible to have a desired gradient, for example, required for sewage pipe laying.

Further, a depth measuring device (not shown) for measuring the depth of the groove by measuring the height position of the screw auger using a laser beam in the vicinity of the groove digging device is provided. While monitoring the accurate measurement result by the depth measuring device, the lifting handle 181 is automatically operated by remote control so that the height of the screw auger 15 is exactly at the desired position, and the depth of the groove 21 is adjusted to the desired value. It is also possible to change to adjust to. At this time, for example, a water tank (not shown) may be placed on the riding table 20 and a load may be applied to balance the weight with the screw auger 15 or the like at the rear of the traveling direction. Further, the traveling motor of the traveling carriage 11 can be turned on / off and the screw shaft drive motor can be turned on / off by remote control so that the operator 1 can operate near the ditching device.
It becomes possible for a person to execute and control the ditching work.

The traveling carriage 11 usually has drive wheels and driven wheels driven by a traveling power source, and is not limited to traveling on the guide rails 10, and is provided on both sides of the planned groove digging area. It may be of a crawler type or a wheel type that runs on the ground along the road, and the wheels may be rubber tires.

[0025]

According to the groove digging apparatus of the first aspect, it is possible to continuously dig a groove having a width corresponding to the outer diameter of the screw auger. At this time, the depth of the groove can be set, and the groove can have a desired gradient required for laying a sewer pipe, for example. The outer diameter and approximately the same width of the run line truck screw casing (e.g. 30c
Since it is small in size (about m), it is possible to continuously dig a groove even in a narrow place of about 30 cm.
According to the digging device of the second aspect , since the traveling carriage travels on the guide rails installed along both sides of the planned digging region, the digging position can be set accurately. At this time, by connecting the linear guide rail and the curved guide rail in advance, the groove including the curved portion can be accurately dug. According to the groove digging device of the third aspect , the traveling carriage has little left-right swaying, and even the curved guide rail can easily change its traveling direction along the rail and can travel stably. According to the groove digging device of the fourth aspect , the screw auger can be replaced as necessary when the screw blade is bent or the scraping portion is damaged or worn. According to the digging device of the fifth aspect , it is possible to easily adjust the digging depth of the groove by operating the lifting handle of the casing lifting device.
According to the grooving apparatus of claim 6 , since at least four blocks can be disassembled / assembled, it is possible to reduce the number of personnel involved in the digging work and to execute the digging work with a small number of people. . According to the groove digging device of the seventh aspect , it is possible to balance the weight with the rear portion in the traveling direction by an operator who operates the lifting handle while riding on the riding platform while the riding platform is connected. Alternatively, it is possible to balance the weight with the rear part in the traveling direction by applying a load other than the operator on the passenger table in a state where the passenger table is connected. According to the groove digging device of claim 8 , since the screw auger can be remotely controlled so that the height of the screw auger is at a desired position, the traveling motor of the traveling carriage is turned on / off and the screw shaft drive motor is turned on. By configuring to turn on / off remotely,
Execution control of the trenching work can be performed by one operator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view schematically showing a part of a groove digging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a cross section with a part cut away regarding the overall configuration and usage state of the groove digging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing a cross section of a part of the groove digging device shown in FIG.

4 is a top view, a side view and a front view schematically showing a screw casing 13 in FIG. 1 taken out.

5 is a top view and a front view showing the screw auger 15 in FIG. 1 taken out. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a part of a guide rail 10 in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing a section of the riding table 20 shown in FIG. 1 with a part cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Guide rail 101 long hole (or round hole) 11 traveling carriage 111 wheels 112 Projection on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel 12 Support 121 Pair of vertical guide members 13 screw casing 131 pair of support plates 132 Multiple rollers 15 screw auger 151 screw shaft 152 screw blade 153 Ring-shaped tsuba 16 Screw shaft drive (screw shaft drive motor) 161 Screw shaft drive motor rotation output shaft 17 Deceleration transmission mechanism 171 Holding plate 172 Volts 18 Casing lifting device 181 Lifting handle 182 racks 19 Excavation guide plate 20 seats 201 Connection member 202 stopper member

Continuation of front page (56) Bibliography Sho 55-145556 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02F 5/02-5/04

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A traveling carriage, a support body provided at a rear portion of the traveling carriage in a traveling direction, and a support body provided to be movable up and down behind the traveling carriage with respect to the supporting body and having a front surface in the traveling direction opened. A screw casing having a semi-cylindrical portion, and a screw shaft provided with a screw blade, and a screw held in a substantially vertical state with a substantially front half portion exposed from a substantially semi-cylindrical space surrounded by the screw casing. An auger, a screw shaft driving device that rotationally drives a screw shaft of the screw auger, and a casing lifting device that controls a lifting motion of the screw casing are provided .
Ri, the width of the traveling vehicles substantially semicircular of the screw casing
A grooving device having a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the tubular portion . Wherein said traveling vehicle, according to claim 1 Symbol placement of grooving apparatus characterized in that it travels on guide rails installed along both sides of the grooving planned area. 3. The traveling vehicle is provided with protrusions on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel intermittently in the outer peripheral direction, and the guide rail is engageable with the protrusion on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel of the traveling vehicle on the upper surface thereof. 3. The groove digging device according to claim 2 , wherein round holes or elongated holes of a size are provided intermittently in the traveling direction of the carriage. 4. In the screw shaft drive device, a rotation output of a screw shaft drive motor is transmitted to an upper end portion of the screw shaft via a reduction transmission mechanism, and the screw auger has an upper end of the screw shaft of the reduction transmission mechanism. The groove digging device according to claim 1, wherein the groove digging device is detachably attached to the. 5. The casing elevating device comprises an elevating handle arranged on the traveling carriage, and a gear mechanism for converting the rotational position of the elevating handle to the elevating position of the screw casing for transmission. The groove digging device according to claim 1, wherein 6. The blocks of the traveling carriage and the support, the casing lifting / lowering device, the screw casing and screw auger, and the screw shaft driving device can be disassembled / assembled. Ditching device. 7. The digging device according to claim 1, wherein a passenger table is connectable to a front portion of the traveling vehicle in the traveling direction. 8. The digging device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting handle can be remotely operated so that the height of the screw auger is at a desired position.