JP3360908B2 - X-ray diagnostic equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus , especially 3
The present invention relates to control of display of an X-ray diaphragm of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus having an axis control holding device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an X-ray diagnostic apparatus, an X-ray generator for irradiating a subject with X-rays and an X-ray generator are arranged so as to face the X-ray generator, and the X-rays transmitted through the subject are detected and optically detected. An image intensifier that outputs an image and a TV camera that converts the optical image into a video signal and outputs a perspective image of the subject are mounted, and the X-ray generator and the image intensifier are provided. There is known a three-axis control holding device that controls the TV camera so as to rotate about three axes orthogonal to each other while maintaining a relative position.

Due to the rotation of the holding device, an image of the subject to be displayed is tilted (for example, a display in which the head of the subject is directed upward is called an "upright image" (hereinafter the same). If so, the image will appear as if the head were displayed sideways or tilted, not upward. In order to correct this sideways or tilted image into an upright image, a method of rotating a TV camera is generally used. However, since the rotation correction of the image is performed only by the rotation of the TV camera, the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm (including the compensation filter; the same applies below) displayed on the display unit and the opening / closing by the instruction switch for moving the X-ray diaphragm. There is a problem that the pointing direction does not match. This problem will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an image 15 'of the subject and an image 12' of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 obtained by the conventional image rotation correction. In FIG. 4, (a)
Is an image before the rotation of the holding device (that is, when the holding device is at the reference position), (b) is an image after the rotation of the holding device and before rotation correction of the image, (c) is (b) The images after the rotation correction of the image of FIG. Further, arrows A1 to A3 in the figure are displayed on the display unit 38 when the X-ray diaphragm moving instruction switch 52 provided on the operation panel (not shown) gives an instruction to move the X-ray diaphragm in the left-right direction. The open / close direction of the X-ray diaphragm is shown.

First, in the state of FIG. 4A, since the holding device is at the reference position, the image 15 'of the subject is in an upright state, and the image 12' of the X-ray diaphragm is displayed on the left and right sides of the display section 38. Is displayed. Next, when the holding device is rotated by, for example, 90 °, an image as shown in FIG. 4B is displayed on the display unit 38. In this case, the image 15 ′ of the subject is displayed rotated by 90 ° (tilted), but the image 1 of the X-ray diaphragm is displayed.
Since 2'has the same relative positional relationship between the X-ray diaphragm and the TV camera as in FIG. 4A, it is displayed on the left and right of the display unit 38 as in FIG. 4A. Therefore, the instruction switch 52
When the left / right closing instruction is issued with, the image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm also moves in the left / right closing direction as indicated by arrow A2 in the figure.
The opening and closing directions of are the same.

However, in the conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus, in order to display the image 15 'of the subject as an upright image, the TV camera is generally rotated by a predetermined angle based on the rotation of the holding device, and the subject is examined. The image 15 'is corrected for rotation, and the image displayed on the display unit is displayed as an upright image. An image obtained by this rotation correction is shown in FIG. Figure 4
According to (c), the image 15 ′ of the subject is displayed as an upright image, but since the rotation correction is performed by rotating the TV camera by 90 °, the image 12 ′ of the X-ray diaphragm is rotated by 90 °. The state is displayed on the display unit 38 (that is, displayed in the vertical direction). In this way, the image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 is displayed in the vertical direction by the rotation of the TV camera. For example, in FIG.
When the instruction switch 52 is used to move the image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm in the left-right closing direction and the movement of the X-ray diaphragm in the left-right closing direction is instructed, the actual positional relationship between the X-ray diaphragm and the TV camera is 90. ° Since the positional relationship is twisted (tilted), image 1 of the X-ray diaphragm is shown as indicated by arrow A3 in the figure.
2'will move up and down.

Therefore, in the conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus having the three-axis control holding device, when the image rotation correction is performed, the opening / closing instruction direction by the movement instruction switch of the X-ray diaphragm is displayed on the display unit. Since the opening and closing directions of the image of the X-ray diaphragm do not match, there is a problem that it causes an erroneous operation and the operation is troublesome.

[0008]

As described above, since the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit and the opening / closing instruction direction do not coincide with each other, there is a problem that an erroneous operation is caused and the operation is troublesome. The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, X-rays diagnostic instrumentation to facilitate and ensure the operation
The purpose is to provide storage .

[0009]

The present invention has taken the following means in order to solve the above problems. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention has an X-ray diaphragm that restricts the spread of the exposed X-rays by opening and closing the opening, and irradiates the subject with X-rays through the X-ray diaphragm. A tube, an X-ray imaging unit that is arranged so as to face the X-ray tube and captures a fluoroscopic image based on the X-rays that have passed through the subject, and the X-ray tube and the X-ray imaging unit centered on an axis passing through an isocenter. Support means for rotatably supporting the pair, rotation angle detection means for detecting the rotation angle of the shaft of the support means, display means for displaying the image captured by the X-ray imaging means, and display on this display means. Correction means for rotationally correcting the display image based on the detection output of the rotation angle detection means so that the direction of the subject to be measured is constant, the actual opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm, and the X on the display means. The opening and closing direction of the line diaphragm is the same. Further comprising a rotation means for rotating the X-ray diaphragm to be characterized.

In the above apparatus , the diaphragm rotating means is
The aperture rotation means is linked with the rotation correction by the correction means.
It is characterized by being controlled .

Further, in the above device, an image to be displayed
An image processing unit having a function of rotating an image is further provided.
The image correction means uses the image processing means to correct the image rotation.
It is characterized in that the rotation is corrected by rotating it.
To do . The X-ray imaging means converts the X-ray image into an optical image.
Image intensifier to convert and T to image optics
A V camera is provided, and the correction means operates the TV camera.
By rotating against the image intensifier
It is characterized by performing rotation correction.

[0012]

As a result of taking the above-mentioned means, the following effects occur. Since the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit coincides with the opening / closing instruction direction of the X-ray diaphragm by the instruction switch provided on the operation panel, erroneous operation is eliminated and confusion during operation can be avoided. Therefore, the diagnosis speed is increased and the diagnosis time is shortened. In addition, erroneous operations and confusion at the time of operation can be avoided, thus reducing the burden on the operator.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, (a) is an overall schematic block diagram, and (b) is a movement instruction switch 52.
4 is a diagram showing an example of a moving direction of the X-ray diaphragm 12 according to the instruction of FIG.

In FIG. 1A, the holding device 40 has an X
An X-ray generator 10 having an X-ray diaphragm 12 (including a compensating filter; the same applies hereinafter) for adjusting the energy distribution of rays and an aperture rotating mechanism 11 for rotating the X-ray diaphragm.
An image intensifier 20 provided to face the X-ray generator 10 with the subject 15 interposed therebetween, and a TV camera 30 connected to the image intensifier 20.
A TV head rotating mechanism 25 for rotating the head of the TV camera 30 is mounted, and independently rotates about three axes orthogonal to each other with the arm center O as a center. FIG. 1 shows a schematic processing block of a video signal output from the TV camera 30 in addition to the holding device 40. The video signal output from the TV camera 30 is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 32. Then, desired image processing is performed by the image processing device 34, converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter 36, and displayed on a display unit 38 such as a display.
The display unit 38 displays an image 15 'of the subject and an image 12' of the X-ray diaphragm. The operation panel 50 has a moving instruction switch 52 that gives an instruction to move the X-ray diaphragm 12 together with the display unit 38.

The moving instruction switch 52 is, for example, a lever type switch, and the instruction of opening and closing the X-ray diaphragm 12 is given by tilting the lever of the instruction switch 52 vertically and horizontally. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), by inclining the lever upward, a vertical opening instruction is given,
By inclining the lever down, an up / down close instruction is given, by inclining the lever left, a left / right close instruction is given, and by inclining the lever right, a left / right open instruction is given. Therefore, for example, when the lever of the movement instruction switch 52 is tilted to the left, a left / right closing instruction of the X-ray diaphragm is issued, and therefore the X-ray diaphragm 12 moves in the left / right closing direction, so that the display unit 3
The images 12 'of the left and right X-ray diaphragms displayed at 8 move in the left-right closing direction.

Further, the rotation angle detector 47 is provided with a holding device 40.
Detects the angle of rotation about the above three axes.
The rotation correction unit 48 generates a rotation correction signal based on the detection value detected by the rotation angle detection unit 47. In particular,
The rotation correction unit 48 is configured to hold the holding device 4 around the above three axes.
Rotate the image displayed on the display unit 38 by rotating 0, and rotate the camera head of the TV camera 30 (hereinafter, simply referred to as “TV camera”) so that the upright image is displayed on the display unit 38. And the X-ray diaphragm 12 moves so as to match the instruction of the movement instruction switch 52.
Signals for controlling the rotation of the line diaphragm 12 are output to the diaphragm rotation mechanism 11 and the TV head drive mechanism 25, respectively.

In the holding device as described above, the first rotation axis is a rotation axis which is orthogonal to the plane including the arm 42 and passes through the arm center O, and the arm 42 slides with respect to the arm strut 44, The holding device 40 rotates around the first rotation axis in the direction indicated by the arrow α. The second axis of rotation is the arm post 44, which rotates in the direction of arrow β. The third rotation shaft is the support column 46 of the main body of the holding device 40, and rotates in the direction of arrow γ.

In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus having the holding device 40 that independently rotates in the three axial directions as described above, the present invention provides:
The opening / closing direction of the image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 and the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm 12 provided on the operation panel 50 by the movement instruction switch 52 are always matched. . That is, according to the present invention, for example, the movement instruction switch 52 provided on the operation panel 50 causes the image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 to move the X-ray diaphragm 12 in the left-right opening direction. When it is instructed to move, it is moved in the left-right opening direction, and when it is instructed to open in the vertical direction, it is moved in the vertical opening direction.

Specifically, according to the present invention, when the rotation correction unit 48 rotates the TV camera 30 by a predetermined angle to perform rotation correction in order to obtain an upright image, the TV camera 30 is corrected.
So that the relative relationship between the X-ray diaphragm 12 and
X-ray diaphragm 1 by the same angle as the TV camera 30 is rotated
2 was rotated. As a result, the image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 always appears at a fixed position (left and right positions in the figure), and the instruction of the instruction switch 52 and the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm 12 coincide with each other. .

The operation of the apparatus of the present invention constructed as above will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2A is an image of the holding device 40 before rotation, and corresponds to FIG. 4A.
FIG. 2B is an image after rotation correction by the TV camera 30 when the third rotation axis of the holding device 40 is rotated by 90 °, and corresponds to FIG. 4C. FIG. 2C shows the TV camera 3 in addition to the image rotation correction of FIG.
The image when the X-ray diaphragm 12 also rotates in conjunction with 0 is shown. Further, arrows B1 to B3 in the figure indicate the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 when the X-ray diaphragm moving instruction switch 52 provided on the operation panel 50 instructs the X-ray diaphragm 12 to be closed left and right. The opening / closing direction of the image 12 'of FIG. Figure 2
Since the image rotation correction is performed only by the conventional TV camera 30 in (b), when the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm 12 is instructed by the instruction switch 52 to move in the left / right direction, the image of the X-ray diaphragm is changed. 12 'moves in the vertical closing direction as indicated by arrow B2 in the figure. However, according to the present invention, the X-ray diaphragm 12 is controlled to rotate by the same angle in association with the rotation of the TV camera 30 due to the rotation correction of the image.

That is, in the present invention, the X-ray diaphragm 12 is set to T.
Since the relative relationship in the initial state (column rotation angle γ = 0 °) is constantly controlled in association with the rotation of the V camera 30, the image 1 of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit 38 is displayed.
2 ′ does not rotate as shown in FIG. 2C, and the movement instruction of the movement instruction switch 52 and the opening / closing direction (arrow B3 in the figure) of the image 12 ′ of the X-ray diaphragm always match.

As described above, in the present invention, the X-ray diaphragm 12 is controlled so as to always perform the operation in accordance with the instruction of the movement instruction switch 52. Therefore, even if the screen after the rotation correction,
The image 12 'of the X-ray diaphragm is, for example, the movement instruction switch 5
When the left / right closing movement is instructed in 2, the movement like the up / down closing as in the conventional case is not performed, but the left / right closing movement is performed according to the instruction of the movement instruction switch 52.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the schematic arrangement of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, FIG.
The same parts as those of the above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The difference of the present embodiment from the first embodiment is that the image processing apparatus corrects the rotation of the image of the subject without depending on the rotation of the TV camera.

Therefore, the correction signal from the rotation correction unit 48 is output to the diaphragm rotation mechanism 11 and the image processing device 34. Then, the image processing apparatus 11 performs the rotation correction of the image as described in the first embodiment to obtain an image as shown in FIG. 2B, and at the same time, the aperture rotation mechanism 11 causes the rotation correction unit 48 to Based on the output signal, the X-ray diaphragm 1 is adjusted so that the movement of the X-ray diaphragm 12 coincides with the instruction from the movement instruction switch 52 so that an image as shown in FIG.
Rotation correction of 2 is performed.

Therefore, according to the present invention, an instruction to move the X-ray diaphragm by the instruction switch for movement and the X displayed on the display unit.
Since the opening / closing direction of the image of the line diaphragm always matches, erroneous operation is eliminated, and confusion during operation can be avoided. Therefore, the diagnosis speed is increased and the diagnosis time is shortened.

In addition, since it is possible to avoid erroneous operations and confusion during operations, the burden on the operator is reduced. For example, although the rotation correction unit 48 in the above embodiment performs the rotation correction based on the rotation angles of the three axes, the rotation correction unit 48 may perform the rotation correction based on the rotation angle of only one axis.

Further, the rotation correction section 48 may be one which performs rotation correction by manual input. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0028]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. Since the opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm displayed on the display unit coincides with the opening / closing instruction direction of the X-ray diaphragm by the instruction switch provided on the operation panel, erroneous operation is eliminated and confusion during operation can be avoided. Therefore, the diagnosis speed is increased and the diagnosis time is shortened.

In addition, erroneous operations and confusion at the time of operation can be avoided, thus reducing the burden on the operator. Also, since the X-ray diaphragm can be moved at the operator's discretion,
The reliability of the device is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an image displayed on a display unit obtained by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an image displayed on a display unit obtained by conventional image rotation correction.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... X-ray generator, 11 ... Aperture rotating mechanism, 12 ... X-ray aperture, 12 '... Image of X-ray aperture, 15 ... Subject, 15' ...
Image of subject, 20 ... Image intensifier,
25 ... TV head drive mechanism, 30 ... TV camera, 32 ...
A / D converter, 34 ... Image processing device, 36 ... D / A converter, 38 ... Display unit (display means), O ... Arm center 40 ...
Holding device (holding means), 42 ... Arm, 44 ... Arm support, 46 ... Support 47 ... Rotation angle detecting section, 48 ... Rotation correcting section, 50 ... Operation panel, 52 ... Instructing switch (moving instructing means).

Front page continuation (56) Reference JP-A-3-158139 (JP, A) JP-A-57-195445 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 6 / 00-6/14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A has an X-ray diaphragm for limiting the spread of exposure to the X-ray by the opening and closing operation of the opening, and the X-ray tube for irradiating X-rays to the subject through the X-ray diaphragm, the X-ray diaphragm
An open / close switch for performing an opening / closing operation, an X-ray imaging unit arranged to face the X-ray tube to capture a fluoroscopic image based on X-rays transmitted through the subject, and the X-ray tube centered on an axis passing through an isocenter. And a supporting means for rotatably supporting the pair of X-ray imaging means, a rotation angle detecting means for detecting a rotation angle of an axis of the supporting means, and a display means for displaying an image captured by the X-ray imaging means. A correction means for rotating and correcting the display image based on the detection output of the rotation angle detection means so that the direction of the subject displayed on the display means is constant; and an actual opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm, The opening / closing direction of the X-ray diaphragm on the display means coincides , and the opening / closing switch opens the X-ray diaphragm.
An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising rotating means for rotating the X-ray diaphragm so that the closing instruction direction coincides with the closing instruction direction . 2. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm rotating means controls the diaphragm rotating means in association with the rotation correction by the correcting means. 3. An image processing means having a function of rotating an image to be displayed is further provided, and the correction means performs rotation correction by rotating the image by the image processing means. Item 2. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to Item 2. 4. The X-ray imaging means has an image intensifier for converting an X-ray image into an optical image and a TV camera for imaging optics, and the correction means uses the TV camera as an image intensifier. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2, wherein rotation correction is performed by rotating the X-ray diagnostic apparatus and the X-ray diagnostic apparatus.