JP3358970B2 - Distributed power control system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the operation of distributed power supply equipment in a power system, and more particularly to the adjustment of input / output of distributed power supply equipment so that the amount of power in a conductor to be monitored matches a predetermined operation pattern. To a control device that performs

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to operate a power system efficiently, utilization of a distributed power supply facility or a power storage facility is being studied. First, the use of power storage equipment for load leveling can be mentioned. It aims to level the load by charging the nighttime power and discharging the stored power during the daytime, and eventually to improve the utilization factor.

[0003] Separately, it has been studied to adjust the active power and the reactive power by controlling the operation of the distributed power supply equipment and the power storage equipment to perform stable operation of the power system. For example, in order to maintain the transient stability at the time of the occurrence of an accident, the control is to control the active power at high speed in and out of the power storage equipment. Further, control for maintaining a voltage at a target value by adjusting reactive power from distributed power supply equipment or power storage equipment has been conventionally considered.

For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 5-68344 discloses that a distributed power supply is connected to a distribution line connected to a bus via a switch in order to increase the efficiency of the operation of a distribution system using the distributed power supply. A technique is disclosed in which a control device controls a switch based on a measurement of an amount of electricity on a distribution line to control a connection between the distributed power supply and the distribution line. In addition, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication
Japanese Patent Application Publication No. -14661 discloses a technique for integrally controlling a private generator and a storage battery arranged in an electric power system.

[0005]

Conventionally, in the power system, the trend of the lower system, which is the demand side, has been treated as unknown, but as the number of distributed power sources increases, the lower sub-system of the power system increases. There is more room for control. However, even in the technology described in the above publication, control to the extent that a partial system is maintained at a constant value or in a stepwise manner is mainstream. It has not been.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a distributed power control system capable of changing the schedule of a sub-system to more appropriately adjust the amount of electricity in the sub-system.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a distributed power supply control system capable of appropriately adjusting the amount of electricity of the entire electric system based on the changed schedule of the sub-system.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electric quantity measuring device for measuring an electric quantity in a conductor in an electric power system supplied with electric power by a generator, the electric power measuring apparatus being connected to the conductor. Distributed power supply equipment, a control device for controlling the input and output of the distributed power supply equipment, and a predetermined operation pattern of the amount of electricity of the conductor, based on this, based on this, the control device, the input and output control of the At least one or more control systems comprising a first computer for giving instructions for the operation, and an operation pattern of a partial power system connected to the first computer via a communication line and associated with the control system. And a second computer for transmitting a corresponding operation pattern to each of the first computers.
Are adjusted by adjusting the input / output of the distributed power supply equipment so that the amount of electricity in the conductors matches the accepted operation pattern.

According to the present invention, the first computer accepts the operation pattern of the partial power system created by the second computer and adjusts the input / output of the distributed power supply equipment so as to match the operation pattern. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately adjust the amount of electricity of the partial power system.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric quantity measuring device for measuring an electric quantity in a conductor in the electric power system to which electric power is supplied by a generator, and a dispersion measuring device connected to the conductor. Power supply equipment, control equipment for controlling the input and output of the distributed power supply equipment, and, based on a predetermined operation pattern of the amount of electricity of the conductor, based on the control equipment,
At least one or more first control systems comprising a first computer for giving a command for input / output control; and a conductor in a partial power system higher than a partial power system related to the first control system. An electric quantity measuring device for measuring an electric quantity, a distributed power supply equipment connected to the conductor, a control device for controlling input / output of the distributed power supply equipment, and an electric quantity of the conductor,
A first computer that receives a predetermined operation pattern and provides a command for input / output control to the control device based on the operation pattern; and at least one or more second control systems, Connected to a computer via a communication line,
A second computer for creating an operation pattern of the partial power system related to the second control system and transmitting a corresponding operation pattern to each of the first computers;
The first computer of the control system of each, so that the amount of electricity in the conductor, according to the accepted operation pattern,
The present invention is attained by a distributed power supply control system, wherein input and output of the distributed power supply equipment are adjusted.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first computer judges a state in which it is impossible to control the quantity of electricity according to the operation pattern, and When it is determined that the control of the amount is impossible, it is provided with operation pattern changing means for changing the operation pattern, and the changed operation pattern is transmitted to the second computer via a communication line, The second computer is capable of adjusting the amount of electricity supplied by the generator, and when a changed operation pattern is given from the first computer, the second computer calculates the amount of electricity to be supplied based on the changed operation pattern. It is configured to change. This makes it possible to appropriately adjust the amount of electricity in the entire power system.

For example, any one or more of the effective power, the ineffective power, the power factor of the distributed power source, the voltage value, the voltage phase angle, and the harmonic component can be used as the electric quantity. At least one of the positive phase component, the negative phase component of the power flow, and the zero phase component of the power flow.

As an operation pattern, any one of a plan obtained based on the previous day's results, a plan based on interconnection, and a daily load curve for the next day's prediction can be used.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the distributed power control system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This distributed power supply control system 100 includes:
Controls distributed power facilities in the power system. As shown in FIG. 1, the distributed power supply control system according to the first embodiment includes a substation bus 101 in an electric power system and an active power amount (reference numeral 102) connected thereto and input / output to / from the bus 101.
), A distributed power source equipment 105 connected to a partial power system 104 connected below the bus 101, and an active power amount (see reference numeral 106) input / output to / from the distributed battery equipment 105. And a control device 107.

In the present embodiment, the distributed power source equipment 1
As 05, a secondary battery is used. As the control device 107, a thyristor valve device is used. Alternatively, as the distributed power supply equipment 105, in addition to various battery equipments represented by a sodium-sulfur battery, power storage equipment such as a flywheel or SMES, or power generation equipment such as a fuel cell or a gas turbine generator can be used. . The reference to the active power amount (reference numeral 108), which is the same as the above-described active power amount (reference numeral 106), is the power amount that can be exchanged with the power amount 102 input / output to / from the bus 101.

Further, the distributed power supply control system 100 includes:
The computer 110 includes a computer 110 for giving a control command (reference numeral 109) to the control device 107, and a host computer 112 connected to the computer 110 via a communication line 111 and controlling the entire power system. Therefore, the host computer 112 and the computer 110 can exchange information online. For example, the information transmitted from the computer 110 to the host computer 112 includes a schedule of a demand amount assumed to be used in the partial power system 104 and the like.

In the distributed power supply control system 100 according to the present embodiment, a control system including the above-described measuring device 103, distributed power supply equipment 105, control device 107, and computer 110 is arranged for each predetermined partial power system 104. ing.

Next, a description will be given of the demand schedule. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a demand amount schedule. FIG. 2 shows the case of a load system. In this figure, a daily load curve 201 having a peak in the daytime is shown. This schedule is stored in the host computer 112.
Thus, for example, based on the time series data of the active power amount observed on the previous day, it is created in advance in consideration of the day of the week, weather, and the like, and is provided to the computer 110. That is, this is an expected daily load curve for each region. Alternatively, the schedule may be based on a contract regarding interconnection of electric power.

The control command (reference numeral 109) issues a command from the computer 110 to the control device 10 so that the active power amount (reference numeral 102) matches the schedule obtained by the computer 110.
7 given. For example, the supply and demand planned at a certain time (see reference numeral 202 in FIG. 2) (see reference numeral 203)
On the other hand, if the active power amount is excessive, the output of the distributed power supply
A control command is given to increase the input to

The adjustment of the active power amount using such a schedule will be described below.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control of the active power. As shown in FIG. 3, first, the computer 100
Receives the schedule from the host computer 112 via the communication line 111 (step 301). Next, the current time is acquired with reference to a built-in timer or the like (step 302), and the planned value of the active power scheduled at the current time is calculated based on the schedule (step 303). After that, the actual active power is measured by the measuring device 103 (step 304). From the difference between the planned value and the actually measured value obtained in this way, a necessary adjustment amount of the operation of the distributed power source, for example, a necessary amount of charging and discharging the Nas battery is calculated (step 305).

Further, the computer 110 determines that the required adjustment amount is
It is determined whether or not the amount is executable by the distributed power supply equipment to be controlled by itself (step 306). If it is determined that the adjustment amount cannot be implemented, the maximum amount that can be adjusted at that time is calculated (step 307). The necessary adjustment amount or the corrected amount calculated in step 307 is given to the control device 107 as a control command (see reference numeral 109 in FIG. 1) (step 308).

Thereafter, it is determined whether or not a capacity equal to or greater than a predetermined amount remains even after the necessary adjustment amount is adjusted in step 308 (step 309). If the determination in step 309 is yes (Y), the process returns to step 301 and a series of processing is repeated. On the other hand,
If the predetermined capacity does not remain and it is determined that it is difficult to operate according to the specified schedule (No (N) in step 309), then based on the remaining capacity, The schedule itself is changed to a operable range (step 310), and the changed schedule is
The data is transmitted to the host computer 112 via the communication line 111 (step 311).

The change of the schedule in step 310 will be described more specifically with reference to FIGS. By executing the processing shown in FIG. 3, the computer 110 executes the processing shown in FIG.
01, the distributed power supply equipment 105 is adjusted. In this case, the actual demand 402 corresponds to the initial schedule 4
Since it is larger than 01, by increasing the output from the distributed power supply equipment 105 (see reference numeral 403), it appears from the outside that the operation is performed according to the initial schedule 401. However, for example, at time 404, if the distributed power supply equipment 105 has reached the predetermined limit value and no more capacity remains, so that it becomes difficult to fulfill the initial schedule thereafter, step 310
Is executed, and the schedule is changed. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schedule after the change, which is obtained by the process of step 310. As shown in FIG. 5, for the initial schedule 401 after the time after a lapse of a predetermined time from the time 404, for example, after the time 501 after a lapse of 10 minutes,
The new schedule 50 is adjusted as if the demand increased by the capacity of the distributed power supply equipment 105 (see reference numeral 503).
Get 4. The newly obtained schedule 504 is transmitted to the host computer 112 via the communication line 111.

In the system according to the first embodiment as described above, by installing the control device of the distributed power supply equipment in the partial power system 104, input / output from the partial power system to a system located at a higher level is performed. Active power
Can be scheduled. If the operation of the schedule becomes difficult due to insufficient capacity of the distributed power supply in each partial power system, the effective change of the partial power system for several minutes to several hours The amount of power can be scheduled.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a distributed power control system according to the second embodiment. In this embodiment, a control device is arranged so as to cover a partial power system constituting a power system. In FIG.
The components of the system according to the first embodiment (for example, the substation bus 101, the measuring device 103, the distributed power supply equipment 105, the control device 107, the computer 110, etc.) are each indicated by a dashed frame 604. It corresponds to a component (for example, a substation bus 601, a measuring device 603, a distributed power supply facility 605, a control device 607, a computer 610, and the like). Computers 610, 630 of these plurality of partial power systems
Are connected via a communication line 611 to a host computer 612 for controlling the entire power system. This host computer 612 substantially corresponds to the host computer 112 shown in FIG. In the distributed power supply control system according to this embodiment, all apparent demands can be scheduled when viewed from a system located at a higher rank. As a result, the overall demand can be grasped, so that the host computer 612 calculates the optimal economic distribution of the large-capacity generators 640 (for example, thermal power generators and nuclear power generators) connected to the backbone system, and An optimal operation command can be given to the generator 640 via the line 641. As a result, the generator 640 can be operated in an appropriate state, and fuel consumption can be reduced. Further, since there is no need to perform governor-free operation, fuel efficiency can be improved by this.
At the same time, mechanical damage to the generator can be reduced, so that equipment loss can be reduced. Further, since the necessity of disposing the standby generator can be reduced, the operating cost can be reduced.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the above-described effects relating to the generator can be exhibited, and the power flow state of the upper system can be planned, so that the equipment can be used effectively and the reliability thereof can be improved. It is possible to do.

Next, a distributed power control system according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG.
It is a figure showing composition of a distributed power supply control system concerning a 3rd embodiment. In the systems according to the first and second embodiments, between the computer and the host computer,
Although data relating to the schedule is exchanged, in the system according to this embodiment, the computer 710 is used.
Is connected to a storage device 751 for storing the schedule of the partial power system in order to locally manage the schedule. That is, except that the computer 710 is not connected to a host computer or the like, this distributed power supply control system is the same as that of the first and second embodiments.

According to this embodiment, a system that does not require communication equipment can be obtained. For example, when controlling a large number of partial power systems located at a lower level, the number of control targets is large, and the load on the host computer and the cost of the communication equipment may be significantly increased. Therefore, in such a case, it is preferable to control the partial power system in a closed system, as in the third embodiment, for the lower partial power system.

According to the third embodiment, the power plant cannot be operated efficiently as in the systems of the first and second embodiments, but the power stability can be improved without increasing the cost. Can be improved.

For example, FIG. 8 shows an example in which the distributed power control system according to the first and second embodiments is combined with the distributed power control system according to the third embodiment.
Shown in In FIG. 8, computers 810 and 830 are connected to a host computer 812 via a communication line 811 for a relatively high-order partial power system, and computers 810 and 830 are used for a low-order partial power system. 840 and 850 are not connected to the host computer, but are connected to the storage devices 841 and 851, respectively. For example, in FIG. 8, computers 840 and 8 are added to a partial power system 860 in which the active power is controlled by a computer 830 and the like.
A partial power system 86 whose active power is controlled by 50
1, 862 are included. As described above, the lower partial power system is controlled by a closed system, while the upper partial power system is controlled by a system using a host computer. Machine 84
Thus, it is possible to provide a system that can optimally drive 0.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, which are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, this is done.

For example, even if a secondary battery is introduced for another purpose, a distributed power supply control system according to the present invention can be realized by controlling a part of the capacity of the installed secondary battery. It is possible to do. For example, by adding a control device, a computer, and the like according to the present invention to a part of a control system configuration for load leveling, the object of the present invention can be achieved together with load leveling. In addition, in the case of the instantaneous active power adjustment for maintaining the transient stability or the instantaneous reactive power adjustment for maintaining the voltage, it is possible to simultaneously obtain the effect while using the same distributed power supply equipment. Become.

For example, in the above embodiment, the control of the partial power system is realized by controlling the active power amount. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A partial power system may be controlled by obtaining a schedule based on the amount of power. This example differs from the first to third embodiments in that, for example, the operation of the control device 107 for controlling the input and output of the distributed power supply equipment 105 in FIG. 1 is performed for the reactive power.

By installing such a control device for distributed power supply equipment in a partial power system, the amount of reactive power input / output from the partial system to a higher system is scheduled. By installing a plurality of control devices such as control devices and computers to cover the partial power system, the voltage stability of the partial system is maintained, and as a result, the voltage of the entire power system can be maintained. It becomes possible. Furthermore, since it is not intended to control to a constant value unlike the conventional one, it is also possible to planly exchange reactive power between adjacent partial systems.

Further, in addition to active power or reactive power,
These may be respectively scheduled at the same time, or may be scheduled by paying attention to the power factor of the distributed power source. Instead of scheduling based on the reactive power amount, a schedule of the voltage value itself may be created and controlled using the schedule. Also in the case of scheduling the voltage value, it is possible to control the voltage value more finely according to region and time as compared with the conventional method in which the voltage value is fixed. Furthermore, a schedule based on the voltage phase difference, the power flow imbalance, the amount of suppression of harmonics, and the like may be used.

In this specification, means does not necessarily mean physical means, but also includes a case where the function of each means is realized by software.
Further, the function of one means or member may be realized by two or more physical means or members, or the function of two or more means or members may be realized by one means or member. .

[0038]

By installing a control device embodying the present invention,
When the active power is controlled, the apparent demand is all scheduled when viewed from the host system. As a result, the demand can be grasped in advance, so that a large-capacity thermal or nuclear power generator connected to the main system can be optimally allocated to the economy, and the fuel cost can be reduced. Also, there is no need to perform governor-free operation, and this effect also improves fuel efficiency. At the same time, mechanical damage to the generator is reduced, so that equipment loss can be reduced. Further, the necessity of the standby generator is reduced, and the operation cost can be reduced.

At the same time as the above-mentioned effects relating to the generator, the power flow state of the upper system is also planned, so that the equipment can be used efficiently and the reliability is improved.

When the control device embodying the present invention is installed and the reactive power is controlled, the amount of reactive power input / output from the partial system to the higher system is scheduled. By maintaining the voltage stability for each partial system, the voltage is maintained for the entire power system. Further, since it is not intended to control the power to a constant value as in the related art, it is possible to systematically exchange reactive power with an adjacent partial system.

That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a distributed power supply control system capable of adjusting the amount of electricity of the sub-system more appropriately by changing the schedule of the sub-system. Based on the system schedule, it is possible to provide a distributed power control system that can appropriately adjust the amount of electricity in the entire electric system.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a distributed power supply control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a demand amount schedule;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating control of the active power amount according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a change in a schedule.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a schedule change;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a distributed power control system according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a distributed power control system according to a third embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing still another example of the distributed power supply control system.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 100 distributed power supply control system 101, 601 substation bus 103, 603 measuring device 104, 861, 862 partial power system 105, 605 distributed power supply 107, 607 control equipment 110, 610, 710, 810, 840, 830, 8
50 computer 111, 611, 641, 811 communication circuit 112, 612, 812 host computer 640 generator 751, 841, 851 storage device 860 power system

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02J 3/00-5/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] An electric power measuring apparatus for measuring an electric quantity in a conductor in the electric power system, a distributed power supply equipment connected to the conductor, and a distributed power supply equipment connected to the conductor. A control device for controlling the input / output, and a first computer that receives a predetermined operation pattern of the electric quantity of the conductor and, based on this, gives the control device a command for input / output control. Provided, at least one or more control systems, connected to the first computer via a communication line, create an operation pattern of a partial power system related to the control system, the corresponding operation pattern, the A second computer for transmitting to each of the first and second computers, wherein the first computer of the control system controls the distributed power source so that the amount of electricity in the conductor matches the accepted operation pattern. Distributed power control system and adjusting the Bei input and output. 2. A power system to which power is supplied from a generator, an electric quantity measuring device for measuring an electric quantity in a conductor in the power system, a distributed power supply facility connected to the conductor, Control device for controlling input and output, and based on a predetermined operation pattern of the electric quantity of the conductor,
A first command for giving a command for input / output control to the control device;
At least one or more first control systems, comprising: a calculator; and an electric quantity measurement device that measures an electric quantity in a conductor in a partial power system higher than a partial power system related to the first control system, Distributed power supply equipment connected to the conductor, a control device for controlling the input and output of the distributed power supply equipment, and the amount of electricity of the conductor, accept a predetermined operation pattern,
Based on this, at least one or more second control systems including a first computer for giving an instruction for input / output control to the control device are connected to the first computer via a communication line. A second computer that creates an operation pattern of a partial power system related to the second control system and transmits the corresponding operation pattern to each of the first computers. A distributed power supply control system, wherein each of the first computers in the system adjusts the input and output of the distributed power supply equipment so that the amount of electricity in the conductor matches the accepted operation pattern. 3. A determining means for determining, in accordance with the operation pattern, a state in which the first computer cannot control the amount of electricity, and the first computer determines that the control of the amount of electricity is impossible. When it is determined that there is, there is provided an operation pattern changing means for changing the operation pattern, the changed operation pattern is transmitted to the second computer via a communication line, the second computer, The amount of electricity supplied by the generator is adjustable, and when a changed operation pattern is given from the first computer, the amount of electricity supplied is changed based on the pattern. The distributed power supply control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The amount of electricity, the effective amount of electric power, the invalidity of electric power
Minute, power factor of distributed power source, voltage value, voltage phase angle, harmonic generation
Minutes, tidal current positive phase, tidal current negative phase, and tidal current zero phase
Claims characterized in that at least one of them is used.
The distributed power supply control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . 5. An operation pattern based on the previous day's results
Obtained plans, plans based on interconnection, and forecasts for next day
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the load curves is used.
The distributed power control system according to any one of claims 4 to 4 .