JP3358160B2 - Fastening method of aluminum laminate - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for fastening an aluminum laminated plate suitably used for a track roof plate in, for example, a wing body truck.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, truck containers are often formed of aluminum plates in order to achieve both light weight and large capacity. Rivets are used to join the aluminum plates constituting such containers. Many are used. Conventionally, rivet joining between aluminum plates constituting such a container is performed by making a hole in a member to be fastened in advance, inserting a shaft portion of a solid rivet into this hole, and caulking the tip. I was However, this joining method requires two steps, a step of drilling a member to be fastened and a step of inserting and riveting a rivet, so that there is a problem that the joining operation takes a long time and production efficiency is extremely poor. Therefore, in order to improve the production efficiency, a joining method that uses a driving rivet and omits a step of drilling a member to be fastened is also adopted.

[0003]

However, the conventional joining by the driving rivet is performed by penetrating the shaft portion of the driving rivet through the member to be fastened and expanding the tip end thereof. The back surface is punched by the rivet shaft and breaks. For this reason, there is a problem that moisture may enter from the broken portion and the member to be fastened may be corroded, and there is a problem that the appearance is also unfavorable. Therefore, a fastening method has been attempted in which the tip of the shaft portion of the driving rivet is expanded without penetrating the lower part of the member to be fastened. However, in this method, a crack (C) in which the back surface of the lower member (A) is raised by the tip of the shank of the driving rivet (B) and which breaks, or a back surface of the lower member (A) is riveted. Cutting part (F) cut by the tip of the inner diameter of the shaft part of (B)
(See FIG. 12), and the rivet is liable to be caulked, which does not solve the above-mentioned problems such as corrosion of the member to be fastened and inferior appearance, and obtains sufficient fastening force. I couldn't do that. FIG.
In (D), (D) is an upper member to be fastened, and (E) is a cushioning material interposed between the two layers of fastened members. The problem to be solved by the present invention is that, when the aluminum laminate is driven and integrated by driving rivets, it is possible to prevent breakage of the back surface of the member to be fastened or cracking of the rivet after caulking, and it is excellent in manufacturing efficiency and suitable for mass production, In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for fastening an aluminum laminated plate that can obtain a strong fastening force.

[0004]

The invention according to claim 1 is
Punch multiple aluminum plates together with rivets
A head and a head extending below the head.
A hollow cylindrical shaft portion, and the inner diameter of the shaft portion is
At the same time, the length of the shaft portion L
And when the outer diameter d is the total thickness of the member to be fastened, t = L
Driving ribet that satisfies t + (0.35 to 0.45) × d
The annular recess is formed on the tip and the tip surface, and the annular recess is formed.
The bottom surface is a curved surface having a downward arc shape, and
Diameter D of annular recess, maximum depth H, radius of curvature R of curved surface
However, when the shaft outer diameter of the driving rivet is d, D =
(1.7 to 2.1) × d, H = (0.2 to 0.3) ×
d, R = (0.36-0.40) × d.
Aluminum laminate characterized by using a punch
The fastening method . The invention according to claim 2 is an aluminum alloy.
A dissimilar member interposed between the metal plates
A method for fastening an aluminum laminate according to claim 1 .
The invention according to claim 3 is a taper of the driving rivet.
The taper angle of the enlarged diameter portion is in the range of 85 to 95 degrees.
The aluminum laminate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The present invention relates to a method for fastening a plate .

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTIONaluminum
Laminating plate fastening methodEmbodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
You. According to the present inventionFastening structure obtained by fastening method
Are set with multiple aluminum plates
It is a fastening structure that is integrated by
A wide range, especially in the field of construction and machinery, and particularly limited
But not for example, for wing body trucks
It is used suitably for a truck roof plate.

[0006] The wing body truck is such that the top and side surfaces of the container portion are constituted by a combination of two L-shaped roofs, and the L-shaped roof (1) is supported by a hydraulic cylinder as shown in FIG. Is a truck having a structure capable of opening a side surface of a container by rotating the container upwardly about a fulcrum. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a part of FIG. 2, in which a ceiling beam (3) is rotatably attached to the support beam (2). The ceiling beam (3) has a U-shaped portion (41) and an extension piece (4) extending in the opposite direction from the upper side of the U-shaped portion (41).
The shingle mounting member (4) consisting of 2) is a rivet (5)
Are joined by The roof plate (6) is joined to the upper surface of the extension piece (42) of the roof plate mounting member (4) by a rivet (7). In the drawing, what is indicated by a chain line is the side wall of the container.

The container of such a wing body truck is mainly composed of an aluminum plate for weight reduction, and the roof plate mounting member (4) and the roof plate (6) are also made of an aluminum plate. Obtained by the fastening method according to the invention.
The fastening structure to be used is suitably used as a fastening structure using a rivet (7) between the roof plate mounting member (4) and the roof plate (6) in such a wing body truck container. According to the present invention, a fastening structure in a truck container is used as an example.
The fastening structure obtained by the fastening method will be described.
However, it goes without saying that the use of the fastening structure obtained by the fastening method according to the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG. 4 shows the results obtained by the fastening method according to the present invention .
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fastening structure to be performed . This fastening structure is used as a fastening structure in the container of the above-mentioned wing body truck, and two aluminum plates (8) and (9) are driven by rivets (11) through different kinds of members (10). As the dissimilar member (10), a sponge material urethane-caulked to maintain the airtightness of the track roof is suitably used, and as the rivet (11), SUS is used.
Is preferably used. In this fastening structure,
The upper thin aluminum plate (8) corresponds to the above-mentioned roof plate (6), and the lower thick aluminum plate (9) corresponds to the above-mentioned extension piece (42) of the above-mentioned roof plate mounting member (4). (11) can be regarded as equivalent to the rivet (7) described above. Although the thickness of each member is not particularly limited, for example, the aluminum plate (8) has a thickness of 0.7 m.
m, the aluminum plate (9) is 2.0 mm, and the dissimilar member (sponge material) (10) is 1.5 mm.

The rivet (11) is driven from the surface of the upper thin aluminum plate (8), and the tip of the shaft portion penetrates the dissimilar member (10) and then does not penetrate the lower thick aluminum plate (9). The diameter is expanded in the aluminum plate (9). And the lower aluminum plate (9)
Is raised on the back surface (lower surface) but has not broken (cracked), nor has the lower aluminum plate (9) been cut by the tip of the inner diameter of the shaft, and a smooth continuous surface Is formed. The upper aluminum plate (8)
The fragment (81) of the
It remains inside the shaft of 1), and the cavity at the fastening portion is very small. Therefore, according to this fastening structure, the shielding performance (watertightness) is maintained at the rivet fastening portion, and it is possible to prevent the intrusion of rainwater and the like to prevent rust and the like, and to obtain a strong fastening force. The appearance is also excellent, and the strength is also excellent because almost no hollow portion is formed.

Next, a rivet according to the present invention used in the above-described fastening structure will be described. FIG. 5 is a partially sectional front view of the rivet according to the present invention. A rivet (11) according to the present invention includes an SU having a head (12) and a shaft (13) integrally extending from a lower surface of the head (12).
A driving rivet made of S, wherein the shaft portion (13) has a hollow cylindrical shape in which a hole (14) is formed from the distal end portion to the vicinity of the proximal end portion.

The hole (14) formed in the shaft (13) is chamfered so that the inner diameter of the shaft (13) is tapered at the tip end. The tapered enlarged diameter portion (15) allows the tip of the shaft portion of the rivet (11) to be smoothly deformed (increased diameter) in the punch at the time of caulking and fastening the aluminum laminated plate, and at the same time, the member to be fastened (the aluminum plate) ) Plays a role of suppressing the protrusion of the back surface, whereby the back surface of the member to be fastened is less likely to break due to the protrusion caused by rivet driving. The taper angle α (see FIG. 5) of the enlarged diameter portion (15) is set in the range of 85 to 95 degrees, more preferably 90 degrees. By setting the taper angle α in this range, the above operation and effect are most reliably achieved. Be demonstrated.

The length L of the shaft portion (12) of the rivet (11)
The outer diameter d (see FIG. 5) is set so as to satisfy L = t + (0.35 to 0.45) × d, where t is the total thickness of the member to be fastened. This is because if the length of the shaft portion is longer than this, the back surface of the member to be fastened (aluminum plate) is greatly raised and broken at the time of fastening work of the aluminum laminate described later, and conversely, if the length of the shaft portion is shorter than this. This is because the fastening member cannot be securely fastened, which is not preferable in any case. In addition, the total thickness t of the member to be fastened here is the total value of the thicknesses of all the aluminum plates when the member to be fastened is a laminated plate composed of only an aluminum plate. In the case of a laminate with another dissimilar member (for example, the above-described sponge), it is the total value of the thicknesses of all aluminum plates and dissimilar members constituting the laminate.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a punch used for caulking the rivet, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing the shape of the end face of the punch. It should be noted that the punch according to the present invention is different from the conventional punch only in the shape of the distal end surface shown in FIG. 7, and the other portions are the same in shape as the conventional punch. An annular concave portion (18) having a raised portion (17) at the center is provided on the distal end surface of the punch (16) according to the present invention. The top of the raised portion (17) is a flat surface, and the height of the flat surface is lower than the tip surface of the punch (16). A round portion (19) is formed in a portion from the raised portion (17) to the annular concave portion (18), and the round portion (19) is a downwardly curved circular concave surface (20) having an arcuate curved surface (20). ) Is smoothly continuous with the bottom surface. Then, at the time of caulking the rivet, as shown in FIG. 8, the tapered base end of the enlarged diameter portion (15) of the driving rivet (11) comes into contact with the radius portion (19). In addition, a round portion (21) is also provided at a portion extending from the outer edge of the annular concave portion (18) to the tip end surface of the punch (16).
Is formed. As described above, the cross section of the annular concave portion (18) of the punch (16) according to the present invention has the raised portion (1).
All parts other than the flat surface of 7) are formed by curved surfaces.

The diameter D and the maximum depth H of the annular recess (18)
The radius of curvature R (see FIG. 7) of the curved surface (20) is D = (1.7 to 2.1) × d, H, where d is the outside diameter of the shaft portion of the driving rivet used in the fastening structure. = (0.2-0.
3) × d, R = (0.36 to 0.40) × d are determined so as to satisfy the relational expression. Then, by using the punch satisfying these relational expressions and the driving rivet according to the present invention described above, the shaft portion of the rivet as shown in FIG. The tip is expanded without penetrating into the lowermost aluminum plate, the back surface of the lowermost aluminum plate is raised without breaking, and cut by the tip of the inner diameter of the rivet shaft. No aluminum laminate fastening structure can be obtained. Also, caulking of the rivet after fastening does not occur.

In the following, the fastening method according to the present invention is obtained.
The manufacturing process of the fastening structure will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 9 to 11 show an upper thin aluminum plate (8) constituting the front surface, a lower thick aluminum plate (9) constituting the back surface, and an interposition between these plates (8) and (9). 2 shows a step of driving the sponge material (10) that has been set and integrating it with a rivet (11). FIG. 9 shows a state before caulking. As shown in the drawing, first, the head of the rivet (11) is held at the tip of the stem (22), and the punch (1) is placed on the same axis as the stem.
6) is arranged, and its front end surface is brought into contact with the back surface of the aluminum plate (9). Next, from the state of FIG.
2) is lowered, and as shown in FIG.
The tip of the shaft portion (13) of 1) is pressed against the surface of the aluminum plate (8). Then, by lowering the stem (22) further from the state of FIG. 10, the shaft of the rivet (11) is made to penetrate the aluminum plate (8) and the sponge material (10) sequentially, and then the tip end is made of the aluminum plate. (9)
It is expanded and deformed inside. At this time, since the rivet (11) and the punch (16) have a specific shape satisfying the above-mentioned predetermined relational expression, as shown in FIG. (9)
Without passing through the aluminum plate (9)
The back surface is not broken or cut. Furthermore, caulking cracks of the rivet after fastening do not occur. Further, the broken pieces (81) of the upper aluminum plate (8) remain as they are inside the shaft (in the hole of the shaft) of the rivet (11), so that the cavity at the fastening portion becomes very small,
It is also excellent in strength.

[0016]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of aluminum plates are driven and driven by rivets.
A head and a lower part of the head.
It consists of an extended hollow cylindrical shaft, and the inner diameter of the shaft is
The diameter of the shaft is enlarged at the tip and
When length L and outer diameter d are the total thickness of the member to be fastened, t
To satisfy L = t + (0.35 to 0.45) × d
Rivet and an annular recess formed in the tip end surface.
When the bottom of the concave part is a curved surface with a downward arc
In addition, the diameter D, the maximum depth H, and the curvature of the curved surface of the annular concave portion
When the radius R is the outer diameter of the shaft of the driving rivet is d
, D = (1.7 to 2.1) × d, H = (0.2 to 0.
3) The relational expression of × d, R = (0.36 to 0.40) × d
Aluminum characterized by using a filling punch
Because it is a method of fastening laminates,
The tip of the shaft penetrates through the lowermost aluminum plate
The diameter is expanded without any damage, the back surface is broken or cut, and rivets are crimped.
It is possible to obtain a fastening structure that has no strong and strong connection
Aluminum laminates that are possible and have excellent quality and productivity
You can get a board.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an aluminum plate is provided.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a dissimilar member is interposed therebetween.
The method of fastening aluminum laminates
To the properties of different materials,
A laminated board tailored to the intended use can be obtained. Claim 3
The invention of the present invention relates to a tapered enlarged portion of the driving rivet.
The taper angle is in the range of 85 to 95 degrees.
3. The method for fastening an aluminum laminate according to claim 1 or 2.
Therefore, it is more reliable to break the back of the aluminum plate.
Can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a fastening structure obtained by a fastening method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway external view of a wing body truck whose structure is suitably used.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view in which a part of FIG. 2 is extracted.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a fastening structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially sectional front view of the rivet according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a rivet fastening jig (punch) according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a tip end shape of the punch shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the shapes of a punch and a rivet according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a fastening structure obtained by the fastening method according to the present invention.
It is a figure showing the manufacturing process of a structure .

FIG. 10 shows a fastening obtained by the fastening method according to the invention.
It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of a structure .

FIG. 11 shows a fastening obtained by the fastening method according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of a structure .

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a conventional fastening structure using a driving rivet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 8 upper aluminum plate 9 lower aluminum plate 10 dissimilar member 11 driving rivet 12 head 13 shaft portion 14 hole portion 15 enlarged diameter portion 16 punch 17 raised portion 18 annular concave portion 20 curved surface

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-9-317730 (JP, A) JP-A-3-94409 (JP, U) JP-T8-505087 (JP, A) JP-T-9 506153 (JP, A) Table 10-501744 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16B 17/00-19/14 B21J 15/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for driving a plurality of aluminum plates into
A method of unifying with a head, the head and the head
And a hollow cylindrical shaft portion extending downwardly of the shaft portion.
The inner diameter of the
In addition, the length L and the outer diameter d of the shaft portion indicate the total thickness of the member to be fastened to t.
When L = t + (0.35 to 0.45) × d is satisfied
Add-in rivets and an annular recess on the tip
The bottom surface of the annular concave portion is a curved surface having a downward arc shape.
And the diameter D, the maximum depth H, and the curvature of the annular concave portion.
The radius of curvature R of the surface is d and the outside diameter of the shaft of the driving rivet is d.
Then, D = (1.7 to 2.1) × d, H = (0.2
.About.0.3) .times.d, R = (0.36 to 0.40) .times.d
Aluminum characterized by using a punch that satisfies the engagement
The method of fastening the aluminum laminate. 2. A dissimilar member is interposed between aluminum plates.
2. The aluminum laminate according to claim 1, wherein
Plate fastening method. 3. A tapered expansion of the driving rivet.
The taper angle of the part is in the range of 85 to 95 degrees
3. Fastening of the aluminum laminate according to claim 1 or 2
Method.