JP3353817B2 - Occupant detection system - Google Patents
Occupant detection systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP3353817B2 JP3353817B2 JP7787398A JP7787398A JP3353817B2 JP 3353817 B2 JP3353817 B2 JP 3353817B2 JP 7787398 A JP7787398 A JP 7787398A JP 7787398 A JP7787398 A JP 7787398A JP 3353817 B2 JP3353817 B2 JP 3353817B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- occupant
- signal
- detection system
- shielded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
- B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
- B60R21/01532—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electric or capacitive field sensors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は乗員検知システム
に関し、特にエアバッグ装置を搭載した助手席における
乗員の着席状況などに応じて、エアバッグ装置のエアバ
ッグを展開可能な状態又は展開不可能な状態に設定し得
る乗員検知システムの改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an occupant detection system, and more particularly, to a state in which an airbag of an airbag device can be deployed or cannot be deployed in accordance with the occupant's seating state in a passenger seat equipped with the airbag device. The present invention relates to an improvement in an occupant detection system that can be set to a state.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、エアバッグ装置は自動車の衝突
時に乗員が受ける衝撃を緩和するための装置であって、
自動車の安全性になくてならないものになっており、近
時、運転席のみならず、助手席にも設置されるようにな
っている。助手席のシートの前方に設置されるエアバッ
ク装置は、何らかの原因に基づき自動車が衝突した場合
に助手席の乗員に向けてエアバッグを展開させて、助手
席の乗員を衝突による衝撃から保護する。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an airbag device is a device for reducing the impact received by an occupant at the time of a collision of an automobile.
It has become indispensable to the safety of automobiles, and has recently been installed not only in the driver's seat but also in the passenger seat. An airbag device installed in front of the front passenger seat deploys an airbag toward the front passenger in the event of a car collision for any reason, protecting the front passenger from the impact of the collision. .
【０００３】このような助手席のエアバッグ装置によれ
ば、例えば図５（ａ）に示すように、助手席のシ−ト１
に大人Ｐが正しい姿勢で着席している場合には、自動車
の衝突時に大人Ｐの前にエアバック（図示せず）が展開
して乗員の保護効果が期待できる。しかしながら、同図
（ｂ）に示すように、助手席のシ−ト１上に後向きに固
定したチャイルドシ−ト１Ａに幼児ＳＰが座っている場
合には仮に自動車が衝突してもエアバッグが展開しない
方が望ましい。また、同図（ｃ）に示すように、助手席
のシ−ト１上に前向きに固定したチャイルドシ−ト１Ａ
に幼児ＳＰが座っている場合においても自動車の衝突時
にはエアバッグが展開しない方が望ましい。According to such a passenger seat airbag apparatus, for example, as shown in FIG.
When the adult P is seated in the correct posture, an airbag (not shown) is deployed in front of the adult P at the time of a collision of the car, and an effect of protecting the occupant can be expected. However, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the infant SP is sitting on the child seat 1A fixed rearward on the seat 1 in the passenger seat, the air bag is not released even if the automobile collides. It is desirable not to expand. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), a child seat 1A fixed forward on the seat 1 in the passenger seat.
It is desirable that the airbag does not deploy at the time of the collision of the car even when the infant SP is sitting at the vehicle.
【０００４】そこで、エアバッグ装置を搭載した自動車
においては、助手席に乗員が着席しているか否かを検出
するセンサを設置し、このセンサの検出信号に基づいて
助手席の乗員の着席状況を判断して、自動車が衝突した
場合にエアバッグを展開可能な状態又は展開不可能な状
態のいずれか一方にセットするようにした乗員検知シス
テムが提案されている。この乗員検知システムのセンサ
としては、乗員の重量を測定する重量センサを用いるも
のと、シ−トに着席している乗員をカメラで撮影して画
像処理により大人か子供かの判定を行うものである。[0004] Therefore, in an automobile equipped with an airbag device, a sensor for detecting whether or not an occupant is seated in a passenger seat is installed, and based on a detection signal of this sensor, the seating status of the occupant in the passenger seat is determined. There has been proposed an occupant detection system in which when an automobile is collided, the airbag is set to one of a deployable state and an undeployable state when the vehicle collides. As a sensor of this occupant detection system, a sensor using a weight sensor for measuring the weight of an occupant, and a sensor for photographing an occupant seated on a sheet with a camera and determining whether the image is an adult or a child by image processing. is there.
【０００５】前者重量センサを使用した乗員検知システ
ムでは、助手席の乗員が大人か子供かの大まかな判定が
可能であり、この判定結果に基づいてエアバッグを展開
可能な状態又は展開不可能な状態のいずれか一方にセッ
トして、自動車の衝突時における不測の事態を回避する
ことができるものの、体重は個人差が大きく、仮に子供
でも大人より重い場合もあり得ることから、正確性に欠
ける。また、後者カメラを使用した乗員検知システムの
場合は、乗員の着席状況、乗員が大人か子供かの判断、
チャイルドシ−トの子供が前向きか後向きかの判断をか
なり正確に行なうことができるものの、カメラで撮影し
た撮像デ−タを画像処理して得られた各種のデータから
着席状況パタ−ンを判定しなければならないために、処
理装置が複雑かつ高価になる問題がある。In the occupant detection system using the former weight sensor, it is possible to roughly determine whether the occupant in the front passenger seat is an adult or a child, and based on the determination result, the airbag can be deployed or cannot be deployed. Although it can be set in one of the states to avoid unforeseen situations in the event of a car collision, the accuracy is lacking because the weight varies greatly from individual to individual and may be heavier than children and adults. . In the case of an occupant detection system using the latter camera, the occupant's seating status, determination of whether the occupant is an adult or a child,
Although it is possible to judge whether a child in a child seat is facing forward or backward, it is possible to determine the seating situation pattern from various data obtained by performing image processing on image data captured by a camera. This makes the processing device complicated and expensive.
【０００６】そこで、本出願人は上記センサを用いた乗
員検知システムの問題を解決するものとして、乗員の着
席の有無や着席状況を微弱電界を使って正確に検知する
ようにした乗員検知システムを先に提案した。この乗員
検知システムは、基本的にはシ−トなどに配置されたア
ンテナ電極で発生させた微弱電界（Ｅlectric Ｆield）
の乱れを利用するもので、その原理を図６、図７で、シ
ステムの具体的回路例を図８〜図１０で説明する。In order to solve the problem of the occupant detection system using the sensor, the present applicant has developed an occupant detection system in which presence or absence of an occupant and the occupant status are accurately detected using a weak electric field. Proposed earlier. This occupant detection system is basically a weak electric field (Electric Field) generated by an antenna electrode disposed on a sheet or the like.
The principle will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, and specific circuit examples of the system will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００７】図６（ａ）に示すように、２つのアンテナ
電極Ｅ１、Ｅ２を離隔して設置し、一方のアンテナ電極
Ｅ１に高周波低電圧を発生する発振回路２を接続し、他
方のアンテナ電極Ｅ２をグランドに接続すると、２つの
アンテナ電極Ｅ１、Ｅ２には電極間の電位差に基づいて
電界が発生し、アンテナ電極Ｅ２の側には変位電流Ｉ 2
が流れる。この状態において、同図（ｂ）に示すよう
に、電界中に物体ＯＢを存在させると、電界に乱れが生
じてアンテナ電極Ｅ２の側には先の変位電流Ｉ2とは異
なった変位電流Ｉ'2が流れる。従って、自動車のシ−ト
に物体ＯＢが乗っている場合と乗っていない場合とで
は、アンテナ電極Ｅ２の側に流れる変位電流に変化が生
ずるものであり、この現象を利用することにより、シ−
トへの乗員の様々な着席状況を検知することができる。
特に、アンテナ電極を増加させることによって、シ−ト
上の乗員などを含む物体についての多くの情報を得るこ
とが可能となり、シ−トへの乗員の着席状況を的確に検
知することができる。[0007] As shown in FIG.
The electrodes E1 and E2 are set apart and one antenna electrode
Connect an oscillation circuit 2 that generates a high frequency low voltage to E1,
When one antenna electrode E2 is connected to ground,
The antenna electrodes E1 and E2 are based on the potential difference between the electrodes.
An electric field is generated, and a displacement current I is present on the side of the antenna electrode E2. Two
Flows. In this state, as shown in FIG.
In addition, if an object OB exists in the electric field, the electric field is disturbed.
On the antenna electrode E2 side, the displacement current ITwoDifferent from
Displacement current I 'TwoFlows. Therefore, the vehicle seat
Depending on whether the object OB is on the vehicle or not
Changes occur in the displacement current flowing to the antenna electrode E2 side.
By using this phenomenon, the
It is possible to detect various seating situations of the occupant to the vehicle.
In particular, by increasing the number of antenna electrodes,
Obtain a lot of information about objects, including occupants above.
To accurately detect the occupant's seating status on the seat.
You can know.
【０００８】また、図７（ａ）に示すように、１つのア
ンテナ電極Ｅ３に発振回路２からの高周波低電圧を印加
すると、アンテナ電極Ｅ３の周辺には微弱電界が発生
し、アンテナ電極Ｅ３の側に送信電流Ｉ3 が流れる。こ
のアンテナ電極Ｅ３の近傍に物体ＯＢを存在させると、
微弱電界に乱れが生じてアンテナ電極Ｅ３の側には先の
送信電流Ｉ3 と異なる電流Ｉ'3が流れる。このような送
信電流を検知することでも、シ−トへの乗員の着席状況
を検知することができ、アンテナ電極を増加させること
によって、シ−ト上の乗員などについての多くの情報を
得ることが可能となり、シ−トへの乗員の着席状況を的
確に検知することができる。As shown in FIG. 7A, when a high frequency low voltage from the oscillation circuit 2 is applied to one antenna electrode E3, a weak electric field is generated around the antenna electrode E3, and transmitted to the side current I 3 flows. When an object OB exists near the antenna electrode E3,
Disturbance occurs in the weak electric field, and a current I ′ 3 different from the previous transmission current I 3 flows to the antenna electrode E3 side. By detecting such a transmission current, it is also possible to detect the occupant's seating state on the sheet, and to obtain a great deal of information about the occupant on the sheet by increasing the number of antenna electrodes. This makes it possible to accurately detect the occupant's seating state on the sheet.
【０００９】図７の原理を利用した具体的な乗員検知シ
ステムについて、図８〜図１０を参照して説明する。図
８に示す助手席のシ−ト１は、着席部１ａと背もたれ部
１ｂを有し、着席部１ａと背もたれ部１ｂの各々の表面
側に複数、例えば一対ずつのアンテナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４が
離隔させて配置される。各アンテナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４は、
乗員の座り心地を考慮して導電性の布地にて形成された
もの、糸状の金属をシ−ト布面に織り込んだもの、布面
に導電性ペイントを被着したもの、金属板などが適用さ
れる。これらの各アンテナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４は、図９に示
す制御ユニット３の信号処理回路４にシールドケーブル
５、…で配線される。A specific occupant detection system utilizing the principle of FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. The seat 1 of the passenger seat shown in FIG. 8 has a seat portion 1a and a backrest portion 1b, and a plurality of, for example, a pair of antenna electrodes E1 to E4 are separated from each other on the front surface side of the seat portion 1a and the backrest portion 1b. Be placed. Each of the antenna electrodes E1 to E4 is
Applicable to those made of conductive cloth in consideration of the occupant's comfort, those woven with thread-like metal on the sheet cloth, those coated with conductive paint on the cloth, and metal plates Is done. These antenna electrodes E1 to E4 are wired to the signal processing circuit 4 of the control unit 3 shown in FIG.
【００１０】制御ユニット３は、信号処理回路４やその
電源回路（図示せず）などを１つのハウジングに内蔵さ
せたもので、シート１を支持するベース１ｃ内などに設
置される。信号処理回路４は、例えば図１０に示すよう
に、周波数が１００ＫＨｚ程度で電圧が５〜１２Ｖ程度
の高周波低電圧を発生させる発振回路６と、発振回路６
から発振される送信信号の電圧振幅を一定に制御する振
幅制御回路７と、発振回路６の送信電流を検出する電流
検出回路８と、電流検出回路８と各アンテナ電極Ｅ１〜
Ｅ４の間のスイッチング素子Ｓ１〜Ｓ４を順次にオン・
オフ切換え制御する切換回路９と、以上の回路全体を制
御するＭＰＵなどの制御回路１０を有する。電流検出回
路８と各アンテナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４がスイッチング素子Ｓ
１〜Ｓ４を介してシールドケーブル５、…で配線され
る。各シールドケーブル５、…は信号線５ｍ、…とこれ
をシールドするシールド線５ｎ、…から成り、信号線５
ｍ、…の両端がアンテナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４とスイッチング
素子Ｓ１〜Ｓ４に接続され、シールド線５ｎ、…がグラ
ンドに接続される。各シールドケーブル５、…は、アン
テナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４と信号処理回路４の間の送信受信信
号を外来ノイズからシールドして、信号処理回路４の信
号処理精度を高める。The control unit 3 has a signal processing circuit 4 and its power supply circuit (not shown) incorporated in one housing, and is installed in a base 1c for supporting the seat 1. As shown in FIG. 10, for example, the signal processing circuit 4 includes an oscillation circuit 6 for generating a high-frequency low voltage having a frequency of about 100 KHz and a voltage of about 5 to 12 V;
An amplitude control circuit 7 for controlling the voltage amplitude of the transmission signal oscillated from the oscillating signal to a constant value, a current detection circuit 8 for detecting the transmission current of the oscillation circuit 6, a current detection circuit 8, and the antenna electrodes E1 to E1.
The switching elements S1 to S4 during E4 are sequentially turned on.
It has a switching circuit 9 for controlling switching off, and a control circuit 10 such as an MPU for controlling the whole circuit. The current detection circuit 8 and each of the antenna electrodes E1 to E4 are connected to the switching element S.
Wired by shielded cables 5,... Via 1 to S4. Each of the shielded cables 5,... Is composed of a signal line 5m,.
are connected to the antenna electrodes E1 to E4 and the switching elements S1 to S4, and the shield wires 5n are connected to the ground. Each shield cable 5,... Shields a transmission / reception signal between the antenna electrodes E1 to E4 and the signal processing circuit 4 from external noise, and increases the signal processing accuracy of the signal processing circuit 4.
【００１１】図１０の乗員検知システムは、次のように
動作する。まず、発振回路６から高周波低電圧が送信さ
れると、振幅制御回路７で振幅が一定に制御されて電流
検出回路８に送信される。一方、切換回路９が制御回路
１０からの制御信号によってスイッチング素子Ｓ１〜Ｓ
４を順にオン・オフ切換制御し、例えば、まずスイッチ
ング素子Ｓ１だけをオンして他はオフにする。このと
き、発振回路６からの高周波低電圧がスイッチング素子
Ｓ１から１本のシールドケーブル５を通してアンテナ電
極Ｅ１だけに印加され、アンテナ電極Ｅ１から微弱電界
が発生する。すると、図７の原理でアンテナ電極Ｅ１の
周辺における乗員の着席状況などに応じた送信電流がア
ンテナ電極Ｅ１に流れ、この送信電流に相当する電流が
電流検出回路８で検出されて制御回路１０に着席状況デ
ータ（信号デ−タ）として取り込まれる（出力され
る）。次に、スイッチング素子Ｓ２だけがオンして、ア
ンテナ電極Ｅ２から微弱電界が発生し、アンテナ電極Ｅ
２の周辺の着席状況に応じた送信電流が電流検出回路８
で検出されて制御回路１０に着席状況データとして出力
される。同様にしてスイッチング素子Ｓ３，Ｓ４が順に
オンして、アンテナ電極Ｅ３，Ｅ４から順に微弱電界が
発生し、各アンテナ電極Ｅ３，Ｅ４の周辺の乗員着席状
況に応じた送信電流が電流検出回路８で順に検出されて
制御回路１０に着席状況データとして出力される。The occupant detection system shown in FIG. 10 operates as follows. First, when the high frequency low voltage is transmitted from the oscillation circuit 6, the amplitude is controlled to be constant by the amplitude control circuit 7 and transmitted to the current detection circuit 8. On the other hand, the switching circuit 9 switches the switching elements S1 to S1 according to a control signal from the control circuit 10.
4 are sequentially turned on and off, for example, only the switching element S1 is turned on first, and the others are turned off. At this time, a high-frequency low voltage from the oscillation circuit 6 is applied from the switching element S1 to only the antenna electrode E1 through one shielded cable 5, and a weak electric field is generated from the antenna electrode E1. Then, according to the principle of FIG. 7, a transmission current corresponding to the occupant's seating situation around the antenna electrode E1 flows through the antenna electrode E1, and a current corresponding to the transmission current is detected by the current detection circuit 8 and transmitted to the control circuit The data is captured (output) as seating status data (signal data). Next, only the switching element S2 is turned on, and a weak electric field is generated from the antenna electrode E2.
The transmission current according to the seating situation in the vicinity of 2 is a current detection circuit 8
Is output to the control circuit 10 as seating status data. Similarly, the switching elements S3 and S4 are sequentially turned on, and a weak electric field is generated in order from the antenna electrodes E3 and E4. They are sequentially detected and output to the control circuit 10 as seating status data.
【００１２】制御回路１０では、シート１の様々な部所
の着席状況を表す各種の着席状況デ−タを演算処理する
ことにより、シート１における乗客の着席パタ−ンなど
を算出する。制御回路１０には、予め各種の着席パタ−
ンなどが記憶されており、入力デ−タにより算出された
着席パタ−ンを予め記憶された着席パタ−ンと比較して
該当する着席パタ−ンを抽出し、判定する。この制御回
路１０に記憶されている着席パタ−ンは、例えばシ−ト
に乗員が着席していない空席パタ−ン、シ−トに大人が
正常に着席しているパターン、後向きのチャイルドシ−
トに子供が着席しているパタ−ン、前向きのチャイルド
シ−トに子供が着席しているパタ−ンなどである。制御
回路１０で着席パタ−ンが検知・特定されると、それに
基づく信号が制御回路１０から例えばエアバッグ装置
（図示せず）に送信されて、エアバッグ装置に、仮に自
動車が衝突してもエアバッグが展開しないようにセット
するための信号が送信され、或いは、エアバッグが展開
するようにセットするための信号が送信される。The control circuit 10 calculates various types of seating status data representing the seating status of various parts of the seat 1 to calculate the seating pattern of the passenger in the seat 1. The control circuit 10 includes various sitting patterns in advance.
The seating pattern calculated based on the input data is compared with a previously stored seating pattern to extract a corresponding seating pattern and determine the corresponding seating pattern. The seating pattern stored in the control circuit 10 includes, for example, an empty seating pattern in which no occupant is seated on the seat, a pattern in which an adult is normally seated on the seat, and a rearward facing child seat.
A pattern in which a child is seated in a child seat, and a pattern in which a child is seated in a forward-facing child seat. When the seating pattern is detected and specified by the control circuit 10, a signal based on the detected pattern is transmitted from the control circuit 10 to, for example, an airbag device (not shown), and even if an automobile collides with the airbag device. A signal for setting the airbag so as not to be deployed is transmitted, or a signal for setting the airbag so that the airbag is deployed is transmitted.
【００１３】以上の乗員検知システムは、シートに設置
したアンテナ電極に高周波低電圧を印加して微弱電界を
発生させて同じアンテナ電極に流れる送信電流を着席状
況データとして処理するが、図６で説明したように隣接
する２つのアンテナ電極の一方に高周波低電圧を印加し
て微弱電界を発生させ、他方のアンテナ電極から着席状
況データの電流を取り出して処理する乗員検知システム
も有効である。この後者システムの場合もアンテナ電極
と信号処理回路がシールドケーブルで配線され、シール
ドケーブルの信号線で高周波低電圧の送信と着席状況デ
ータの電流の受信が行われる。In the above occupant detection system, a high-frequency low voltage is applied to an antenna electrode installed on a seat to generate a weak electric field, and a transmission current flowing through the same antenna electrode is processed as seating status data. As described above, an occupant detection system that applies a high-frequency low voltage to one of two adjacent antenna electrodes to generate a weak electric field, and extracts and processes a current of seating status data from the other antenna electrode is also effective. Also in the latter system, the antenna electrode and the signal processing circuit are wired by a shielded cable, and the transmission of the high-frequency low-voltage and the reception of the current of the seating status data are performed by the signal line of the shielded cable.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように乗員の着
席状況を検知するためにシートなどに設置されたアンテ
ナ電極と、このアンテナ電極の電流を乗員の着席状況デ
ータとして処理する信号処理回路を配線するシールドケ
ーブルは、外来ノイズの影響を軽減させて、信号処理回
路での信号処理精度を高める。ところが、シールドケー
ブルの信号線とシールド線の間の静電容量成分と抵抗成
分に基づくＣＲ分布定数回路でシールド線を流れる信号
レベルが減衰して、シールド線の両端（アンテナ電極側
と信号処理回路側の両端部分）の信号レベルに誤差が発
生することがある。このような信号レベルの誤差は、シ
ールドケーブルが長くなるほど大きく発生し易く、ま
た、シールドケーブルの長さが大小様々で各シールドケ
ーブルでの誤差補正が難しく、これが乗員の着席状況な
どの判定精度の向上化を難しくしている。また、シール
ドケーブルが長くなるほど上記誤差が発生し易いため
に、シールドケーブルの長さの制限や、車内に配置され
るアンテナ電極と信号処理回路の離隔距離の制限があっ
て、車内のシート以外のダッシュボードなどにもアンテ
ナ電極を配置するといった実施形態の変更を難しくして
いる。As described above, an antenna electrode installed on a seat or the like for detecting the occupant's seating state, and a signal processing circuit for processing the current of this antenna electrode as occupant's seating state data. The shielded cable to be wired reduces the influence of external noise and improves signal processing accuracy in the signal processing circuit. However, the signal level flowing through the shielded wire is attenuated by the CR distributed constant circuit based on the capacitance component and the resistance component between the shielded cable signal line and the shielded wire, and both ends of the shielded wire (the antenna electrode side and the signal processing circuit). In some cases, an error occurs in the signal level at both ends of the side. Such a signal level error is likely to increase as the length of the shielded cable increases, and the length of the shielded cable varies in size, making it difficult to correct the error in each shielded cable. It is difficult to improve. In addition, since the above-described error is more likely to occur as the shielded cable becomes longer, there are restrictions on the length of the shielded cable and restrictions on the separation distance between the antenna electrode disposed in the vehicle and the signal processing circuit. It is difficult to change the embodiment such as disposing an antenna electrode on a dashboard or the like.
【００１５】それ故に、本発明の目的は、車内のアンテ
ナ電極と信号処理回路を配線するシールドケーブルの長
さに関係無く、乗員の着席状況などの判定を高精度で行
い得る乗員検知システムを提供することにある。[0015] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an occupant detection system capable of determining the occupant's seating state or the like with high accuracy regardless of the length of a shielded cable for wiring an antenna electrode in a vehicle and a signal processing circuit. Is to do.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決するための手段】従って、本発明は、上述
の目的を達成するために、車内のシ−トに配置したアン
テナ電極と、アンテナ電極の周辺に発生させた電界に基
づいて流れる電流に関する信号デ−タを処理して乗員の
着席状況を検知する信号処理回路とを、信号線をシール
ド線でシールドしたシールドケーブルで配線した乗員検
知システムであって、前記シールドケーブルの信号線と
シールド線の間に、信号線の信号レベルとシールド線の
信号レベルを同レベルに保持するバッファ回路を接続し
たことを特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an antenna electrode disposed on a seat in a vehicle and a current flowing based on an electric field generated around the antenna electrode. A signal processing circuit for processing the signal data related to the occupant and detecting the occupant's seating status with a shielded cable in which the signal line is shielded by a shielded wire. A buffer circuit for holding the signal level of the signal line and the signal level of the shield line at the same level is connected between the lines.
【００１７】また、本発明の第２の発明は、前記シ−ト
に複数のアンテナ電極を離隔して配置すると共に、これ
らのアンテナ電極と信号処理回路とを複数のシールドケ
ーブルにて配線したことを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of antenna electrodes are arranged on the sheet at a distance, and these antenna electrodes and a signal processing circuit are wired with a plurality of shielded cables. It is characterized by.
【００１８】さらに、本発明の第３の発明は、前記複数
のアンテナ電極と信号処理回路とを配線する複数のシー
ルドケーブルの各々にスイッチング素子を介して共通の
バッファ回路を接続したことを特徴とする。Furthermore, a third invention of the present invention is characterized in that a common buffer circuit is connected via a switching element to each of a plurality of shielded cables for wiring the plurality of antenna electrodes and the signal processing circuit. I do.
【００１９】ここで、シールドケーブルの信号線とシー
ルド線に接続されるバッファ回路は、信号線とシールド
線の電圧レベルを同レベルに保つオペアンプなどで構成
される。このバッファ回路により信号線で送信される信
号レベル、或いは、信号線で受信される信号レベルがシ
ールド線と同レベルとなって、信号線とシールド線の間
のＣＲ定数回路で送信・受信信号が影響を受けず、乗員
の着席状況などを判定するための信号誤差が解消され
る。Here, the buffer circuit connected to the signal line of the shielded cable and the shielded line is composed of an operational amplifier or the like which keeps the voltage level of the signal line and the shielded line at the same level. With this buffer circuit, the signal level transmitted on the signal line or the signal level received on the signal line becomes the same level as the shield line, and the transmission / reception signal is transmitted by the CR constant circuit between the signal line and the shield line. The signal error for determining the occupant's seating state or the like is not affected and the signal error is eliminated.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明にかかる乗員検知システム
の実施例について、図１〜図４を参照して説明する。
尚、同図の実施例は図９、図１０の乗員検知システムに
適用したもので、図１〜図４の図９、図１０と同一、又
は、相当部分には同一参照符号を付して、その詳細な説
明は省略する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an occupant detection system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The embodiment shown in the figure is applied to the occupant detection system shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the same or corresponding parts as those shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 shown in FIGS. , And a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
【００２１】図１に示すように、本発明は、シート１の
各アンテナ電極Ｅ１〜Ｅ４と信号処理回路４を配線する
各シールドケーブル５、…の信号線５ｍ、…とシールド
線５ｎ、…の間にバッファ回路１１、…を接続し、この
各バッファ回路１１、…で各シールドケーブル５、…に
おける信号線５ｍ、…の信号レベルとシールド線５ｎ、
…の信号レベルを同レベルに保持することを特徴とす
る。バッファ回路１１は、例えば図２に示すようなオペ
アンプ１１’で、このオペアンプ１１’のプラス端子
（非反転入力端子）が信号線５ｍに接続され、マイナス
端子（反転入力端子）がアンプ出力端子に接続され、ア
ンプ出力端子がシールド線５ｎに接続される。As shown in FIG. 1, according to the present invention, the signal lines 5m,... And the shield wires 5n of the shield cables 5 for connecting the antenna electrodes E1 to E4 of the sheet 1 and the signal processing circuit 4 are formed. Are connected between the buffer circuits 11,..., And the signal levels of the signal lines 5m,.
Are maintained at the same level. The buffer circuit 11 is, for example, an operational amplifier 11 'as shown in FIG. 2. The positive terminal (non-inverting input terminal) of the operational amplifier 11' is connected to the signal line 5m, and the negative terminal (inverting input terminal) is connected to the amplifier output terminal. Connected, and the amplifier output terminal is connected to the shield wire 5n.
【００２２】以上のように１本のシールドケーブル５の
信号線５ｍとシールド線５ｎの間にバッファ回路１１を
接続すると、信号線５ｍを流れる送信電流、或いは、受
信電流の信号レベルがバッファ回路１１でシールド線５
ｎと同レベルに保持されるので、信号線５ｍを流れる電
流が信号線５ｍとシールド線５ｎの間のＣＲ分布定数回
路で減衰することが無くなり、信号線５ｍの両端での信
号レベルの誤差が軽減される。従って、図６或いは図７
の原理でシート１における乗員の着席状況データを得る
場合、シールドケーブル５の長さに関係無く高精度な着
席状況データが信号処理回路４に入力されて、信号処理
精度が向上する。As described above, when the buffer circuit 11 is connected between the signal line 5m and the shield line 5n of one shielded cable 5, the signal level of the transmission current or the reception current flowing through the signal line 5m is reduced. With shield wire 5
n, the current flowing through the signal line 5m is not attenuated by the CR distributed constant circuit between the signal line 5m and the shield line 5n, and the error of the signal level at both ends of the signal line 5m is reduced. It is reduced. Therefore, FIG.
When the occupant's seating status data in the seat 1 is obtained based on the principle described above, highly accurate seating status data is input to the signal processing circuit 4 irrespective of the length of the shielded cable 5, and the signal processing accuracy is improved.
【００２３】図３は図１０の乗員検知システムに本発明
を適用したもので、各シールドケーブル５、…の制御ユ
ニット３側に配線される端部と切換回路９の各スイッチ
ング素子Ｓ１〜Ｓ４の間にバッファ回路１１、…を接続
する。図３の信号処理回路４の動作は図１０と同様に行
われる。即ち、発振回路６から高周波低電圧を送信し、
切換回路９でスイッチング素子Ｓ１〜Ｓ４を順にオン・
オフ切換制御する。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the occupant detection system of FIG. 10. The ends of the shielded cables 5,... Connected to the control unit 3 side and the switching elements S1 to S4 of the switching circuit 9 are shown. Are connected between them. The operation of the signal processing circuit 4 in FIG. 3 is performed in the same manner as in FIG. That is, a high frequency low voltage is transmitted from the oscillation circuit 6,
The switching elements S1 to S4 are sequentially turned on by the switching circuit 9.
Off switching control is performed.
【００２４】例えば、まずスイッチング素子Ｓ１だけを
オンして他はオフにすると、発振回路６からの高周波低
電圧がスイッチング素子Ｓ１から１本のシールドケーブ
ル５の信号線５ｍを通してアンテナ電極Ｅ１だけに印加
され、アンテナ電極Ｅ１から微弱電界が発生して、アン
テナ電極Ｅ１の周辺の着席状況に応じた送信電流がアン
テナ電極Ｅ１に流れ、この送信電流に相当する電流が電
流検出回路８で検出されて制御回路１０に着席状況デー
タとして出力される。このとき、信号線５ｍを流れる送
信電流の減衰がバッファ回路１１で軽減されるので、電
流検出回路８で検出される電流データの精度が高くな
り、制御回路１０に高精度な着席状況データが送られ
る。同様にして各スイッチング素子Ｓ２〜Ｓ４が順にオ
ンして、各アンテナ電極Ｅ２〜Ｅ４での着席状況に応じ
た送信電流が電流検出回路８で順に検出されて，制御回
路１０に高精度な着席状況データとして出力される。For example, when only the switching element S1 is first turned on and the others are turned off, the high-frequency low voltage from the oscillation circuit 6 is applied from the switching element S1 to only the antenna electrode E1 through the signal line 5m of one shielded cable 5. Then, a weak electric field is generated from the antenna electrode E1, and a transmission current according to a sitting state around the antenna electrode E1 flows through the antenna electrode E1, and a current corresponding to the transmission current is detected by the current detection circuit 8 and controlled. The data is output to the circuit 10 as seating status data. At this time, since the attenuation of the transmission current flowing through the signal line 5m is reduced by the buffer circuit 11, the accuracy of the current data detected by the current detection circuit 8 increases, and highly accurate seating status data is transmitted to the control circuit 10. Can be Similarly, the switching elements S2 to S4 are sequentially turned on, and the transmission current corresponding to the seating state at each of the antenna electrodes E2 to E4 is sequentially detected by the current detection circuit 8, and the control circuit 10 detects the seating state with high accuracy. Output as data.
【００２５】次に図４の乗員検知システムを説明する
と、これは複数のアンテナ電極Ｓ１〜Ｓｎの各シールド
ケーブル５、…に共通の１バッファ回路１１を接続して
構成される。例えば、切換回路９の各スイッチング素子
Ｓ１〜Ｓｎと一体的にオン・オフ動作をする連動スイッ
チング素子Ｓ’１〜Ｓ’ｎを切換回路９に追加設置し
て、この各連動スイッチング素子Ｓ’１〜Ｓ’ｎを介し
て１バッファ回路１１を各シールドケーブル５、…のシ
ールド線５ｎ、…に接続する。この場合、制御回路１０
で例えばスイッチング素子Ｓ１とその連動スイッチング
素子Ｓ’１だけを同時にオンすると、発振回路６からの
高周波低電圧がスイッチング素子Ｓ１から１本のシール
ドケーブル５の信号線５ｍを通してアンテナ電極Ｅ１だ
けに印加されて、アンテナ電極Ｅ１の周辺の着席状況に
応じた送信電流が電流検出回路８で検出されて制御回路
１０に着席状況データとして出力される。このとき、共
通のバッファ回路１１が信号線５ｍを流れる送信電流の
減衰を軽減して、制御回路１０には図３のシステムと同
様に高精度な着席状況データが送られる。次に、スイッ
チング素子Ｓ２と連動スイッチング素子Ｓ’２だけを同
時にオンすると、スイッチング素子Ｓ２に接続されたシ
ールドケーブル５に共通のバッファ回路１１が接続され
た状態となって、アンテナ電極Ｅ２の周辺の着席状況に
応じた送信電流が電流検出回路８で検出されて制御回路
１０に高精度な着席状況データとして出力される。以
下、同様にして各スイッチング素子Ｓ３〜Ｓｎと連動ス
イッチング素子Ｓ’３〜Ｓ’ｎを順にオンして、共通の
バッファ回路１１を対応するシールドケーブル５、…に
順に接続して、各アンテナ電極Ｅ３〜Ｅｎにおける着席
状況データを制御回路１０に出力する。Next, the occupant detection system shown in FIG. 4 will be described. The occupant detection system is configured by connecting a common one buffer circuit 11 to each of the shield cables 5 of a plurality of antenna electrodes S1 to Sn. For example, interlocking switching elements S'1 to S'n that perform on / off operations integrally with the switching elements S1 to Sn of the switching circuit 9 are additionally provided in the switching circuit 9, and the interlocking switching elements S'1 .. Are connected to the shielded wires 5n of each shielded cable 5,. In this case, the control circuit 10
For example, when only the switching element S1 and its associated switching element S'1 are simultaneously turned on, the high-frequency low voltage from the oscillation circuit 6 is applied from the switching element S1 to only the antenna electrode E1 through the signal line 5m of one shielded cable 5. Then, a transmission current according to the seating state around the antenna electrode E1 is detected by the current detection circuit 8 and output to the control circuit 10 as seating state data. At this time, the common buffer circuit 11 reduces the attenuation of the transmission current flowing through the signal line 5m, and high-precision seating status data is sent to the control circuit 10 as in the system of FIG. Next, when only the switching element S2 and the interlocking switching element S'2 are simultaneously turned on, the common buffer circuit 11 is connected to the shielded cable 5 connected to the switching element S2, and the area around the antenna electrode E2 is changed. The transmission current corresponding to the seating status is detected by the current detection circuit 8 and output to the control circuit 10 as highly accurate seating status data. Hereinafter, similarly, the switching elements S3 to Sn and the interlocking switching elements S'3 to S'n are sequentially turned on, and the common buffer circuit 11 is sequentially connected to the corresponding shielded cables 5,. The seating status data in E3 to En is output to the control circuit 10.
【００２６】図４のように複数本のシールドケーブルに
対してバッファ回路を共通化することで、乗員検知シス
テムのバッファ回路の追加設置によるコストアップ、回
路構成の複雑化が軽減される。By using a common buffer circuit for a plurality of shielded cables as shown in FIG. 4, an increase in cost and a complicated circuit configuration due to the additional installation of a buffer circuit in the occupant detection system can be reduced.
【００２７】尚、本発明は上記実施例に限らず、例えば
アンテナ電極と信号処理回路の間のシールドケーブルに
接続するバッファ回路は、アンテナ電極側のシールドケ
ーブルの端部に接続してもよい。また、図６の原理に基
づく乗員検知システムのシールドケーブルにも、バッフ
ァ回路は上記実施例と同様に有効である。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, a buffer circuit connected to a shielded cable between an antenna electrode and a signal processing circuit may be connected to an end of the shielded cable on the antenna electrode side. The buffer circuit is also effective for the shielded cable of the occupant detection system based on the principle of FIG. 6 as in the above embodiment.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、シ−トに配置されたア
ンテナ電極と、このアンテナ電極で検知される信号を処
理する信号処理回路とを配線するシールドケーブルの信
号線とシールド線に、信号線とシールド線の電圧レベル
を同レベルに保つバッファ回路を接続したので、信号線
を流れる送受信信号のレベルがシールド線とほぼ同レベ
ルとなって、信号線とシールド線の間のＣＲ分布定数回
路の影響を受けることなくアンテナ電極と信号処理回路
の間の信号の送受信が可能となり、乗員検知システムに
おける乗員の着席状況などの検出性能の向上、判定の信
頼性の改善が可能となる。また、シールドケーブルの長
さの相違による信号レベルの誤差のバラツキがバッファ
回路の挿入で解消されるので、大小様々な長さのシール
ドケーブルが長さの制限を受けること無く使用でき、シ
ステム設計などが容易になる。According to the present invention, the signal line and the shield line of the shielded cable for wiring the antenna electrode arranged on the sheet and the signal processing circuit for processing the signal detected by the antenna electrode are provided. Since the buffer circuit that keeps the voltage level of the signal line and the shield line at the same level is connected, the level of the transmission / reception signal flowing through the signal line becomes almost the same level as the shield line, and the CR distribution constant between the signal line and the shield line Signals can be transmitted and received between the antenna electrode and the signal processing circuit without being affected by the circuit, and the detection performance of the occupant detection system, such as the occupant's seating status, can be improved, and the reliability of determination can be improved. In addition, since variations in signal level errors due to differences in shielded cable lengths are eliminated by inserting a buffer circuit, shielded cables of various lengths can be used without restrictions on length, and system design, etc. Becomes easier.
【００２９】また、複数のシールドケーブルに対してバ
ッファ回路を１つに共通化すれば、バッファ回路の接続
に伴うコストアップが抑制でき、特に、１車両に多数の
アンテナ電極を配置するシステムの場合には回路構成の
簡略化が可能となる上、コストの低減も可能となる。Further, if a single buffer circuit is used for a plurality of shielded cables, an increase in cost associated with connection of the buffer circuit can be suppressed. Particularly, in a system in which a large number of antenna electrodes are arranged in one vehicle In this case, the circuit configuration can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.
【図１】本発明にかかる乗員検知システムの一実施例を
示す回路ブロック図。FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing one embodiment of an occupant detection system according to the present invention.
【図２】図１におけるシールドケーブルの概要を示す回
路図。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an outline of the shielded cable in FIG. 1;
【図３】図１の乗員検知システムの具体例を示す回路ブ
ロック図。FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing a specific example of the occupant detection system of FIG. 1;
【図４】図１の乗員検知システムの他の具体例を示す回
路ブロック図。FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram showing another specific example of the occupant detection system of FIG. 1;
【図５】車両における各種の着席パターンを示す図であ
って、同図（ａ）はシートに大人の乗員が着席している
図、同図（ｂ）は後向きチャイルドシートに子供が着席
している図、同図（ｃ）は前向きチャイルドシートに子
供が着席している図。5A and 5B are diagrams showing various seating patterns in a vehicle, wherein FIG. 5A is a diagram in which an adult occupant is seated in a seat, and FIG. 5B is a diagram in which a child is seated in a rearward facing child seat. FIG. 3C is a diagram in which a child is seated in a forward-facing child seat.
【図６】乗員検知システムの基本動作を説明するための
図であって、同図（ａ）はアンテナ電極間の電界分布を
示す図、同図（ｂ）は電極間に物体が存在したときの電
界分布を示す図。6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining a basic operation of the occupant detection system, wherein FIG. 6A shows a distribution of an electric field between antenna electrodes, and FIG. 6B shows a case where an object exists between the electrodes. The figure which shows the electric field distribution of FIG.
【図７】他の乗員検知システムの基本動作を説明するた
めの図であって、同図（ａ）はアンテナ電極間の電界分
布を示す図、同図（ｂ）は電極間に物体が存在したとき
の電界分布を示す図。7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining a basic operation of another occupant detection system, wherein FIG. 7A shows an electric field distribution between antenna electrodes, and FIG. 7B shows an object existing between the electrodes; The figure which shows the electric field distribution at the time of doing.
【図８】本発明の先行技術である乗員検知システムが設
置されたシートの斜視図。FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a seat provided with an occupant detection system according to the prior art of the present invention.
【図９】図８のシートに設置された乗員検知システムの
回路ブロック図。FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram of an occupant detection system installed on the seat of FIG. 8;
【図１０】図９の乗員検知システムの具体的な回路ブロ
ック図。FIG. 10 is a specific circuit block diagram of the occupant detection system of FIG. 9;
１ シート Ｅ１〜Ｅ４ アンテナ電極 ４ 信号処理回路 ５ シールドケーブル ５ｍ 信号線 ５ｎ シールド線 １１ バッファ回路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sheet E1-E4 Antenna electrode 4 Signal processing circuit 5 Shield cable 5m Signal line 5n Shield line 11 Buffer circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平９−301119（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−320561（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭61−85026（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭58−74718（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B60R 21/32 H01B 11/06 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-9-301119 (JP, A) JP-A-7-320561 (JP, A) Fully open 1986-85026 (JP, U) Really open 1983 74718 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B60R 21/32 H01B 11/06
Claims (3)
と、アンテナ電極の周辺に発生させた電界に基づいて流
れる電流に関する信号データを処理して乗員の着席状況
を検知する信号処理回路とを、信号線をシールド線でシ
ールドしたシールドケーブルで配線した乗員検知システ
ムであって、 前記シールドケーブルの信号線とシールド線の間に、信
号線の信号レベルとシールド線の信号レベルを同レベル
に保持するバッファ回路を接続したことを特徴とする乗
員検知システム。An antenna electrode disposed on a seat in a vehicle and a signal processing circuit for processing signal data relating to a current flowing based on an electric field generated around the antenna electrode to detect an occupant's seating state, An occupant detection system in which a wire is shielded by a shielded cable, wherein the buffer holds the signal level of the signal line and the signal level of the shielded wire at the same level between the signal line of the shielded cable and the shielded wire. An occupant detection system characterized by connecting a circuit.
して配置すると共に、これらのアンテナ電極と信号処理
回路とを複数のシールドケーブルにて配線したことを特
徴とする請求項１に記載の乗員検知システム。2. The occupant according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of antenna electrodes are arranged on the seat at a distance, and the antenna electrodes and the signal processing circuit are wired with a plurality of shielded cables. Detection system.
とを配線する複数のシールドケーブルの各々にスイッチ
ング素子を介して共通のバッファ回路を接続したことを
特徴とする請求項１に記載の乗員検知システム。3. The occupant detection system according to claim 1, wherein a common buffer circuit is connected to each of the plurality of shielded cables for wiring the plurality of antenna electrodes and the signal processing circuit via a switching element. system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7787398A JP3353817B2 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Occupant detection system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7787398A JP3353817B2 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Occupant detection system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11268607A JPH11268607A (en) | 1999-10-05 |
| JP3353817B2 true JP3353817B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 |
Family
ID=13646188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7787398A Expired - Fee Related JP3353817B2 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Occupant detection system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3353817B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7633179B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2009-12-15 | Honda Elesys Co., Ltd. | Passenger detection apparatus for detecting breakage on shield line without being affected by peripheral shield cables |
| JP2011242297A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-12-01 | Nippon Soken Inc | Occupant detector |
| JP2011257382A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-12-22 | Denso Corp | Electrostatic occupant detection system |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006002919B4 (en) | 2005-01-24 | 2008-09-04 | Denso Corp., Kariya | Capacitive sensor and occupant detection system |
| JP4315388B2 (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2009-08-19 | 株式会社デンソー | Occupant detection system |
| JP4305519B2 (en) | 2007-02-07 | 2009-07-29 | 株式会社デンソー | Two-electrode capacitive sensor, vehicle occupant detection device, and vehicle occupant protection system |
| JP5264249B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-08-14 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | Capacitive touch sensor device |
-
1998
- 1998-03-25 JP JP7787398A patent/JP3353817B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7633179B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2009-12-15 | Honda Elesys Co., Ltd. | Passenger detection apparatus for detecting breakage on shield line without being affected by peripheral shield cables |
| JP2011257382A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-12-22 | Denso Corp | Electrostatic occupant detection system |
| JP2011242297A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-12-01 | Nippon Soken Inc | Occupant detector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11268607A (en) | 1999-10-05 |
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