JP3344915B2 - Waste material crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste material crushing apparatus particularly suitable for crushing large and strong waste materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a transport operation using a forklift, a pallet is used to improve transport efficiency. Since this pallet is usually made of wood, it can be effectively used as fuel for a boiler or the like when it is deteriorated. But the pallets
Width x depth x height is 1200mm x 1200mm x 10
Since those having a size of about 0 mm or larger are used, they cannot be put into a boiler with the same size. For this reason, a pallet is usually divided into a predetermined size and used as fuel. However, although the pallets are aging, they still have a sufficiently large strength and require a lot of labor to divide by human power.

[0003]

However, conventionally, there has been no machine capable of finely pulverizing large, high-strength waste materials such as pallets.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste material pulverizing apparatus capable of finely pulverizing large-sized, high-strength waste materials.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 comprises a plurality of connecting plates in the axial direction on a main rotating shaft rotatably supported by both brackets on a base. A plurality of hammer support shafts are provided in the circumferential direction for connecting the radial end portions of the connection plate to each other, and a large number of hammers are provided on the hammer support shaft, each having a base end rotatable and a widened end portion. Is mounted so as to be directed radially outward by centrifugal force as a crushing blade and provided so as to have a large moment of inertia around the main rotation axis, and the main rotation axis is rotationally driven by first rotation driving means. A hammer cover is provided so as to surround the periphery of the rotatably driven hammer, and a maintenance cover and a supply cover for charging and supplying waste material are provided above the hammer cover, A bar is provided so as to surround the supply device and constitute a hopper, and the maintenance cover and the supply cover are respectively rotated in opposite directions around a support shaft disposed at a position parallel to and separated from the main rotation shaft. An upper half of the hammer cover is provided so as to be openable, and a supply rotary shaft of the supply device is moved forward and backward perpendicular to the input direction, and provided so as to be rotationally driven by a second rotary drive unit. A sieve for passing the crushed material of the waste material by the hammer and a conveyor for conveying the crushed material are provided below the hammer cover.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the waste material crushing apparatus according to the first aspect, when the apparatus is started, driving is started in the order of the conveyor, the first motor and the second motor, and the operation is started. Is completed, the control circuit is configured to stop driving the second motor, the first motor, and the conveyor in this order.

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

In the invention according to claim 1,
Since a large moment of inertia can be obtained by the main rotating shaft (2) and the hammer (22), even if the hammer (2) is large and strong, such as a pallet, for example.
Fine grinding can be performed in a short time by the inertia force of 2). Therefore, there is an advantage that labor by human power becomes unnecessary. In addition, by finely pulverizing the waste material, the volume of the waste material can be reduced, so that the waste material can be effectively stocked in a container-like material and the waste material can be prevented from being scattered. Therefore, the aesthetic appearance of the factory can be improved.

Also, since the volume of waste material is reduced,
For example, the efficiency of transportation by truck can be improved. Furthermore, if the waste material is combustible, it can be used as a good fuel which has a high thermal power and a small residual amount of ash by pulverizing it finely. Moreover, if the waste material is wood or the like, the crushed waste material can be used for soil improvement.

The main rotating shaft (2) and the hammer (22)
Therefore, there is an advantage that less energy is required for rotationally driving the main rotary shaft (2).

The hammer (22) is connected to the hammer support shaft (2).
Since it is provided rotatably in 1), the impact force when pulverizing the waste material does not act on the root of the hammer (22). Therefore, the durability can be improved.

Further, only the waste material crushed to a predetermined size is supplied to the conveyor (4) through the sieve (321). Then, the large waste material is repeatedly pulverized by the hammer (22) until the large waste material passes through the sieve (321). Therefore, the waste material crushed to a certain size or less can be transported to a predetermined place via the conveyor (4).

The main rotating shaft (2) is connected to a pulley (24,
60) and the first rotary drive means (6) via the belt (61), so that the first rotary drive means (6) and the axis of the first rotary drive means (6) can rotate. You don't have to match your heart. Therefore, there is an advantage that the installation of the first rotation driving means (6) is simplified. In addition, since the fluctuation in load can be absorbed by the belt (61), it is also effective in preventing noise and vibration.

Further, since the inverter motor (6) can be used as the first rotation drive means (6), the main rotation shaft (2)
Even when the peripheral moment of inertia is large, the main rotating shaft (2) can be efficiently raised to a high speed.
Therefore, there is an advantage that a small capacity can be used as the first rotation driving means (6).

Further, since the supply device (5) for supplying the waste material to the hammer (22) is provided, the waste material is supplied to the hammer (22).
The amount of crushing can be controlled. That is, for example, when the waste material is a pallet, the pallet can be pulverized by being gradually applied to the hammer (22) from the end of the pallet. Therefore, the waste material can be efficiently crushed.

Further, since the feed blade (52) can be provided around the supply rotary shaft (51), the waste material can be reliably held and sent to the hammer (22) side. In addition, since both ends of the supply rotation shaft (51) can be driven by the hydraulic motor as the second rotation drive means (72), the supply rotation shaft (51) can be rotated in a well-balanced manner. That is, the torsional moment acting on the supply rotary shaft (51) and the feed blade (52) can be reduced.

Since the hydraulic motor (72) can be used as the second rotation driving means (72), the supply rotation shaft (5
Both ends can be driven in a balanced manner with the same torque. Moreover, when the predetermined relief pressure is reached,
Since the rotation of the hydraulic motor (72) stops, it is possible to prevent the supply rotary shaft (51), the feed blade (52), the hydraulic motor (72) itself, and the like from being damaged by an overload.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the inertia moment around the main rotating shaft (2) is large, the main rotating shaft (2) takes a certain amount of rotation before reaching a predetermined high-speed rotation. take time. But the conveyor (4)
, The main rotating shaft (2) is driven, and after a predetermined time elapses, the supply device (5) is started, so that the crushing of the waste material is started by the high-speed rotating hammer (22). can do. In addition, since the conveyor (4) is driven before driving the main rotating shaft (2), the waste material remaining before the driving of the main rotating shaft (2) is removed through the conveyor (4) into a predetermined amount. Can be transported to the place.

Even if the supply device (5) is stopped, the waste material supplied last remains in the hammer (22) side. However, since the drive of the main rotating shaft (2) is stopped after a lapse of a predetermined time after the supply device (5) is stopped, the last waste material can be sufficiently finely crushed.

Further, since the main rotary shaft (2) has a large moment of inertia around the main rotary shaft (2), even if the drive of the main rotary shaft (2) is stopped, the main rotary shaft (2) is actually stopped. It takes some time to do so. However, after stopping the supply device (5), the drive of the main rotating shaft (2) is stopped,
Since the drive of the conveyor (4) is stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed, waste material remaining on the hammer (22) side is prevented from overflowing or remaining on the conveyor (4). can do. In addition, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the main rotating shaft (2) actually stops, and the conveyor (4) also stops. Therefore, when the conveyor (4) stops, the main rotating shaft (2) actually stops. You can indirectly confirm that you have done it.

Further, a first overload detecting means for detecting an overload of the main rotating shaft (2) is provided, and each time the first overload detecting means detects an overload, the supply device (5) is switched off. Since it can be configured to stop, it is possible to prevent the rotation speed of the main rotating shaft (2) from decreasing. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crushing ability of the hammer (22) from decreasing due to the inertial force.

A second overload detecting means (74) for detecting an overload of the supply rotary shaft (51) is provided.
Each time an overload is detected by the overload detection means (74) of
After the supply device (5) is stopped, the waste material can be sent in the reverse direction by the supply device (5), and then the waste material can be sent in the forward direction again by the supply device (5). It can automatically release its own overload state and return to normal.

Further, since the drive of the main rotary shaft (2) can be stopped when the cover (322, 323) is opened, the main rotary shaft (2) is gradually opened by opening the cover (322, 323). , But stopped and the cover (32
When the main rotation shaft (2) is opened, the main rotation shaft (2) does not start rotating, and is safe. The cover (32
A brake may be provided for forcibly stopping the main rotating shaft (2) when opening (2, 323).

Further, since the supply device (5) can be configured to stop when the cover (322, 323) is opened,
When the cover (322, 323) is opened, the supply device (5) stops, and when the cover (322, 323) is opened, the supply device (5) does not start operating, and is safe. Further, when the drive of the supply device (5) and the main rotary shaft (2) is stopped when the cover (322, 323) is opened, the cover (322, 323)
Since the supply device (5) and the main rotary shaft (2) do not rotate in the state where the is opened, it is safer.

Further, an emergency stop button (800) for stopping the driving of the main rotary shaft (2) can be provided on the control panel (80) and the operation panel (81). 2) can be stopped.

An emergency stop button (8) for stopping the driving of the main rotary shaft (2) and stopping the supply device (5).
00) can be provided on the control panel (80) and the operation panel (81), so that the main rotating shaft (2) and the supply device (5) can be stopped immediately in an emergency.

Since switching between manual operation and automatic operation can be made possible, for example, by manually driving and stopping the main rotary shaft (2), the hammer (22), the main rotary shaft (2), etc. The waste material that has been caught can be easily removed. Further, by manually performing the supply device (5), the overload of the main rotating shaft (2) and the supply device (5) itself is artificially released, and waste material is gradually supplied to the hammer (22) side. This makes it possible, for example, to grind even high-strength materials.

[0042]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. 1 to 12 show a first embodiment, and FIGS. 13 to 14 show a second embodiment.

First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The waste material crushing apparatus 1 shown in the first embodiment is
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it has a large moment of inertia around the main rotating shaft 2, and is configured to pulverize waste materials by a hammer 22 provided around the main rotating shaft 2. is there. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the main rotating shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of connecting plates 20 extending in the radial direction.
Is provided. This hammer support shaft 21 has a hammer 2
2 is provided rotatably.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hammer 22 has a plate-like shape, and has a base end rotatably connected to the hammer support shaft 21 and a tip end extending in a trumpet shape. And its tip is a crushing blade 22a. When the main rotary shaft 2 rotates, the hammer 22 is turned outward in the radial direction by centrifugal force.

The main rotary shaft 2 is rotatably provided via a bracket 30 and a bearing 31 provided on the base 3, as shown in FIGS. A hammer cover 32 is provided so as to surround the hammer 22. The base 3 has legs 3a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a conveyor 4 is provided between the legs 3a.
Is provided.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a sieve 321 for passing pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size by the hammer 22 is provided below the main rotating shaft 2. , The conveyor 4 is provided. The sieve 321 is provided on a lower portion of the hammer cover 32. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the hammer cover 32 is provided with a maintenance cover 322 having a size that opens an upper half, and the opposite side of the maintenance cover 322 surrounds the supply device 5 and A supply cover 323 constituting the hopper 33 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 9, the maintenance cover 322 opens at an angle of about 90 degrees about the support shaft 322a. The maintenance cover 322 is opened and closed by a first hydraulic cylinder 324. On the other hand, the supply cover 323 is configured to rotate at an angle of approximately 45 degrees about the support shaft 323a, and this rotation enables maintenance of the hammer 22 or the like or maintenance of the supply device 5. Has become. This supply cover 323 is
The hydraulic cylinder 325 is turned.

The supply of hydraulic pressure to the first hydraulic cylinder 324 and the second hydraulic cylinder 325 is performed by a manual pump 326 and a manual switching valve 327. That is, when supplying hydraulic pressure from the manual pump 326 to, for example, the first hydraulic cylinder 324, the lever 327a of the manual switching valve 327 is switched to one side, and hydraulic pressure is supplied from the manual pump 326 to the second hydraulic cylinder 325. In this case, the lever 327a is switched to the other side.

On the base 3, as shown in FIG.
An inverter motor (first rotation driving means) 6 for rotating and driving the main rotation shaft 2 is provided. The inverter motor 6 is connected to the main rotating shaft 2 via a pulley 24, a pulley 60, and a belt 61. The pulley 60 of the inverter motor 6 has six grooves (not shown), and the pulley 24 of the main rotary shaft 2 has five grooves (not shown), and these five grooves and these grooves are provided. The power is transmitted between the pulleys 60 and 24 by the five belts 61 fitted to the. A belt 62 for driving a pulley 70 provided on the hydraulic pump 7 is wound around another groove of the pulley 60.

The hydraulic pump 7 is of a variable displacement type as shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 12, and the flow rate can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the lever 7a (see FIG. 8). ing. The hydraulic pump 7 has an angle setting screw 71 for setting the lever 7a at a predetermined angle.
Is provided. As shown in FIG. 12, the hydraulic pressure discharged from the hydraulic pump 7 is supplied to two hydraulic motors 72, 72 described later via an electromagnetic switching valve 73. The electromagnetic switching valve 73 is switched to one of the positions a and b in FIG.
2, 72 can be rotated forward or backward. Further, a pressure switch (second overload detecting means) 74 is provided on the discharge side of the hydraulic pump 7, as shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the supply device 5 supplies waste material to the hammer 22. The supply rotary shaft 51 and a feed blade fixed around the supply rotary shaft 51 are provided. 52 for driving both ends of the supply rotary shaft 51
And two hydraulic motors 72, 72 (second rotation driving means).

The supply device 5 moves up and down along a slit 323b (FIGS. 6 and 9) provided in a supply cover 323 surrounding the supply device 5 to smoothly dispose of waste materials having different sizes. It can be sent to the side. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the feed blade 52 is formed with a plurality of concave portions 52a for improving the bite of the waste material.

As shown in FIG. 1, the entire structure including the base 3 is covered with a soundproof wall 10. The door 11 is provided on the soundproof wall 10 at a position corresponding to the hopper 33. The open / closed state of the door 11 is detected by a limit switch 11a shown in FIG. In addition, the soundproof wall 10 and the door 11
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, an outer wall surface 12 formed of an iron plate and a damping plate 1 provided inside the outer wall surface 12 are provided.
3 and a sound absorbing material 14 provided inside the damping plate 13.
And a punching metal 15 provided inside the sound absorbing material 14, the outer wall surface 12, the vibration damping plate 13, and the sound absorbing material 1.
4 and bolt nut 1 connecting punching metal 15
6 is provided.

The damping plate 13 is, for example, provided so that a thin plate of lead is attached to the inner surface of the outer wall surface 12, and is intended to reduce the noise level by preventing the vibration of the outer wall surface 12. It is. The sound absorbing material 14 is made of, for example, glass wool, and absorbs sound emitted from the hammer 22 or the like. As shown in FIG. 11, the punching metal 15 has a plurality of holes 15 a and is provided to hold the sound absorbing material 14.

As shown in FIG. 12, the conveyor 4, the inverter motor 6, the electromagnetic switching valve 73, etc.
It is controlled by an operation panel 81, a control device 82 and the like. That is, when the power is turned on and the start is started by the control panel 80 and the operation panel 81, first, after the conveyor 4 is driven, a current for driving the main rotating shaft 2 is supplied to the inverter motor 6 after 5 seconds. 65 seconds later (after a lapse of a predetermined time), the electromagnetic switching valve 73 is switched to the position a, the hydraulic motors 72, 72 are rotated in the forward direction, and the feeding of the waste material by the supply device 5 is started. Have been.

The reason why the conveyor 4 is driven first is that if any waste material remains in the hammer cover 32, the waste material falls from the sieve 321 to the conveyor 4, so that the dropped waste material is immediately conveyed. is there. Also, the main rotating shaft 2
Is activated 65 seconds after the start of the operation, because the moment of inertia around the main rotating shaft 2 is increased by the hammer 22 or the like, the rotation speed of the main rotating shaft 2 must be increased until the waiting for about 65 seconds. This is because the rotation speed does not reach the regular speed, and the crushing ability of the hammer 22 deteriorates.

When stopping, the supply of current to the inverter motor 6 is stopped after 60 seconds (after a predetermined time) after the supply device 5 is stopped, and after 60 seconds (after a predetermined time). (After the time elapses), the driving of the conveyor 4 is stopped.

Further, a first overload detecting means (not shown) for detecting an overload of the main rotating shaft 2 by detecting a current flowing through the inverter motor 6 is provided. Each time the load detecting means detects an overload, the electromagnetic switching valve 73 returns to the neutral position, and the hydraulic motor 7
2 and 72 are stopped to stop feeding by the supply device 5.

The pressure switch 74 detects the overload of the supply rotary shaft 51 via the hydraulic pressure, and every time the pressure switch 74 detects the overload, the electromagnetic switching valve 73 is moved from the position a. After switching to the neutral position, the position is switched to the position b, and then to the position a again. That is, after the supply device 5 is stopped, control is performed such that the waste material is sent in the reverse direction by the supply device 5, and then the waste material is sent in the forward direction again by the supply device 5.

Each of the maintenance cover 322 and the supply cover 323 is provided with a limit switch (not shown) for detecting an open / close state. When at least one of these covers 322 and 323 is opened, the inverter is opened. The supply of the current to the motor 6 is stopped. That is, when at least one of the covers 322 and 323 is opened, the driving of the main rotating shaft 2 is stopped. When at least one of the covers 322 and 323 is opened, the electromagnetic switching valve 73 returns to the neutral position, and the supply device 5 stops.

The open / close state of the door 11 is detected by a limit switch 11a. When the door 11 is open, only the supply device 5 is controlled to stop. . This is because, when the supply device 5 is operated when the door 11 is opened and the waste material is put into the hopper 33, the pulverization by the hammer 22 is started, and the noise due to this leaks from the opened door 11. It is. In addition, at the time of starting, when the door 11 is open, the driving of the main rotating shaft 2 may not be started.

Further, the control panel 80 and the operation panel 81 include:
By stopping the current supply to the inverter motor 6, the emergency stop button 800 for stopping the driving of the main rotary shaft 2, returning the electromagnetic switching valve 73 to the neutral position, and stopping the driving of the supply device 5 is provided. Is provided. Also,
The operation panel 81 is provided with a display lamp 81a indicating normal or abnormal, and a display monitor 81b indicating various abnormal states and others.

The operation panel 81 is provided with a switch (not shown) for switching between manual operation and automatic operation. When automatic is selected by this switch, the conveyor 4, the main rotary shaft 2, and the supply device 5 described above are sequentially driven automatically, and the supply device 5, the main rotary shaft 2, and the conveyor 4 are sequentially stopped. This is done automatically. When the mode is switched to the manual mode, the start / stop of only the conveyor 4, the start / stop of only the main rotary shaft 2, and the start / stop of only the supply device 5 can be performed artificially.

In FIG. 12, reference numeral 83 denotes an illumination. The illumination 83, the control device 82, and the like are provided with a 200 V AC power supply 84.
It is connected to the. The inverter motor 6 and the conveyor 4 are connected to a 400 V AC power supply.

In the waste material crushing apparatus 1 configured as described above, the hammer 22, the hammer support shaft 21, the connecting plate 20
As a result, the moment of inertia around the main rotating shaft 2 is large, so that even large and strong waste materials such as pallets used in forklifts can be finely divided in a short time by the inertia force of the hammer. Can be crushed. Therefore, conventionally, large-sized waste materials such as pallets had to be divided using human labor, but there is an advantage that such labor is unnecessary. Further, since the volume of the waste material is reduced by finely pulverizing the waste material, the waste material can be effectively stocked in a container. Moreover, by stocking the waste material in a container, it is possible to prevent the waste material from being scattered. That is, the aesthetic appearance of the factory can be improved.

Further, since the capacity of the waste material is reduced, there is an advantage that the loading rate of the waste material can be improved even when transported by a truck, for example. In addition, since the waste material can be finely pulverized, if the waste material is combustible, it can be used as a good fuel having a high thermal power and a small residual amount of ash. If the waste material is made of wood or the like, the crushed waste material can be used for soil improvement.

Further, since the moment of inertia around the main rotation axis 2 is large, a state in which large kinetic energy is generated around the main axis. That is, the waste material can be pulverized using the inertial force of the hammer 22. Further, since the waste material can be pulverized by the energy stored by the rotational motion, there is an advantage in that less energy is required for rotationally driving the main rotary shaft 2.

Further, since the hammer 22 is rotatably provided on the hammer support shaft 21, an impact force at the time of grinding the waste material does not act on the root of the hammer 22. Therefore, it is possible to improve the durability of the hammer 22 as well as the hammer support shaft 21, the connecting plate 20,
The durability of the main rotating shaft 2, the pulleys 24 and 60, the belt 61, the inverter motor 6, and the like can be improved.

Further, the waste material crushed to a predetermined size is supplied to the conveyor 4 through the sieve 321.
Large waste material is repeatedly pulverized by the hammer 22 until it is large enough to pass through the sieve 321. Therefore, only the waste material pulverized to a certain size or less is supplied to the conveyor 4. In this embodiment, wooden pallets of various sizes are configured to be crushed, and the crushed waste material is directly conveyed to the combustion chamber of the boiler by the conveyor 4.

Since the main rotary shaft 2 and the inverter motor 6 are connected via the pulleys 24 and 60 and the belt 61, the axis of the main rotary shaft 2 and the axis of the inverter motor 6 are aligned. No need. That is, the position of the inverter motor 6 can be set only by adjusting the tension of the belt 16 by shifting the position of the inverter motor 6 in parallel. Therefore, there is an advantage that the installation of the inverter motor 6 is simple. In addition, since the fluctuation in load can be absorbed by the belt 61, it is effective in reducing noise and vibration.

Furthermore, since the main rotating shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the inverter motor 6, even if the moment of inertia around the main rotating shaft 2 is large, the main rotating shaft 2 can be efficiently raised to a high speed. . Therefore, there is an advantage that a small capacity motor can be used as the inverter motor 6.

Further, since the supply device 5 for supplying the waste material to the hammer 22 is provided, the amount of the waste material to be pulverized by the hammer 22 can be controlled. That is, if the waste material is, for example, a pallet, the feed amount of the waste material can be controlled so that the tip of the pallet gradually hits the hammer 22. Therefore, the waste material can be efficiently crushed so that the main rotating shaft 2 is not overloaded.

A feed blade 5 is provided around the supply rotary shaft 51.
2 is provided, the waste material can be reliably held and sent to the hammer 22. Moreover, the recess 5 is formed in the feed blade 52.
2a is provided so that the feed blade 52 can easily bite into the waste material.
2 can be sent. Further, since both ends of the supply rotary shaft 51 are driven by the hydraulic motors 72, 72, the supply rotary shaft 51 can be rotated with good balance. That is, by driving the supply rotation shaft 51 on both sides, the torsional moment of the supply rotation shaft 51 can be reduced, and the durability of the supply rotation shaft 51 can be improved.

Furthermore, since the hydraulic motors 72, 72 are used to drive the supply rotary shaft 51, both ends of the supply rotary shaft 51 can be driven in a well-balanced manner with the same torque. In addition, when a predetermined relief pressure is reached, the rotation of the hydraulic motors 72, 72 is stopped, so that the supply rotary shaft 51, the feed blade 52, the hydraulic motor 72,
72 can be prevented from being damaged.

Furthermore, since the inertia moment around the main rotary shaft 2 is large, it takes some time until the main rotary shaft 2 reaches a predetermined high-speed rotation. However, since the main rotary shaft 2 is driven after the conveyor 4 is driven, and the supply device 5 is started after 65 seconds, the grinding of the waste material can be started by the hammer 22 rotating at a high speed. it can. Moreover, since the conveyor 4 is driven before the main rotary shaft 2 is driven, the waste material remaining before the main rotary shaft 2 is driven does not overflow from the conveyor 4.

Further, since the inertia moment around the main rotating shaft 2 is large, even if the driving of the main rotating shaft 2 is stopped, it takes a certain time until the main rotating shaft 2 stops. Take it. However, after stopping the supply device 5, 60
Since the drive of the main rotary shaft 2 is stopped after a lapse of second and the drive of the conveyor 4 is further stopped after a lapse of 60 seconds, for example, by stopping the conveyor 4 and the main rotary shaft 2 at the same time, Only the main rotating shaft 2 keeps rotating by inertia,
It is possible to prevent a problem that the waste material pulverized by the hammer 22 overflows from the conveyor 4. In addition, since it is known that the main rotary shaft 2 stops reliably 60 seconds after the driving of the main rotary shaft 2 stops, the rotation of the main rotary shaft 2 is actually It can be indirectly confirmed whether or not the vehicle has stopped.

Further, a first overload detecting means for detecting an overload of the inverter motor 6 is provided, and the supply device 5 is stopped every time the first overload detecting means detects an overload. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the number of rotations of the main rotating shaft 2 from decreasing due to overload. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the crushing ability of the hammer using the inertial force from decreasing.

Further, a pressure switch 74 for detecting an overload of the supply rotary shaft 51 is provided.
Each time an overload is detected in step 4, the supply device 5 is stopped, the waste material is sent in the reverse direction by the supply device 5, and then the waste material is sent in the forward direction again by the supply device 5. After the overload state of the supply device 5 itself is automatically released, the supply device 5 can return to the normal state.

When the maintenance cover 322 and the supply cover 323 are opened, the current to the inverter motor 6 is cut off to stop the drive of the main rotary shaft 2, and the electromagnetic switching valve 73 is returned to the neutral position so that the supply device 5 Is stopped, the main rotation shaft 2 and the supply rotation shaft 51 do not rotate when the covers 322 and 323 are opened, and thus, it is safe.

Further, an emergency stop button 800 for stopping the drive of the main rotating shaft 2 by cutting off the current to the inverter motor 6 and stopping the supply device 5 by returning the electromagnetic switching valve 73 to the neutral position is controlled. Since it is provided on the panel 80 and the operation panel 81, an emergency safety measure is taken.

Further, since switching between manual operation and automatic operation is possible, for example, by manually driving and stopping the main rotary shaft 2, the connection between the hammer 22 and the connection plate 20, the connection plate It is possible to easily remove waste material that has caught between the shaft 20 and the main rotary shaft 2. Also, the supply device 5
Is performed manually, the overload of the main rotating shaft 2 and the supply device 5 itself is artificially released. can do.

Further, since the waste material is crushed by the inertia force of the hammer 22, a loud noise is generated. However, since the surroundings are surrounded by the soundproof wall 10, noise pollution can be prevented. In particular, since the vibration damping plate 13 is provided so as to be attached to the outer wall surface 12, vibration of the outer wall surface 12 can be prevented, and noise generated from the outer wall surface 12 can be reduced.

Further, the open / close state of the door 11 is detected by the limit switch 11a, and when the door 11 is open, only the supply device 5 is controlled to stop. Therefore, it is possible to prevent noise generated when the crushing is performed by the hammer 22 from leaking from the opened door 11.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. However, components common to those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be simplified. This second embodiment is the first
The difference from the first embodiment is that a chipper shredder 9 is newly provided in addition to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 14, the chipper shredder 9 has a disk body 90 and a chipper knife 91 in addition to the main rotating shaft 2, the connecting plate 20, the hammer supporting shaft 21 and the hammer 22. The disk body 90 is provided coaxially with the main rotation shaft 2. The chipper knife 91 is fixed with a bolt 92 so that the cutting blade extends in the radial direction of the disk body 90. Also, the disk body 90 has a chipper knife 91.
A slit (not shown) is formed along the cutting blade, and the waste material cut by the chipper knife 91 is sent to the hammer 22 through the slit.

The main rotary shaft 2, the connecting plate 20, the hammer support shaft 21, the hammer 22 in the chipper shredder 9,
The disk body 90 and the chipper knife 91 are small and have a small moment of inertia about the main rotation axis 2. For this reason, an ordinary electric motor is used as the electric motor 92 for rotatingly driving the main rotary shaft 2 and the hydraulic pump 7.

Further, there is a single hydraulic motor 72, and a pressure switch 93 is provided on the port side where the pressure becomes high when the waste material is transported in the forward direction. Then, when the supply device 5 is overloaded and the pressure switch 93 is operated, the conveyor 94 for the chipper shredder 9 stops. Reference numeral 95 denotes a relay for stopping the conveyor 94.

The soundproof wall 10 is configured to cover the entire waste material crushing apparatus 1 including the chipper shredder 9. Further, the soundproof wall 10 includes a chipper shredder 9.
A door (not shown) is provided at a position corresponding to the hopper 96 (see FIG. 14).
A limit switch 97 (see FIG. 13) for detecting opening and closing of the door is provided. And the limit switch 97
Detects that the door is open, only the supply device 5 stops. This is to prevent noise from leaking from the opened door, as in the first embodiment.

In the waste material crushing apparatus 1 configured as described above, since the chipper shredder 9 is provided, even for hard waste materials such as sleepers, the chipper knife 9 is used.
After cutting at 1, it can be ground with a hammer 22.
In addition, small waste materials can be pulverized only by the chipper shredder 9, and energy consumption can be reduced.

In each of the embodiments described above, a brake for forcibly stopping the main rotary shaft 2 is not provided, but such a brake may be provided. When the brake is provided, when the maintenance cover 322, the supply cover 323, the door 11 and the like are opened, or when the emergency stop button 800 is pressed, the main rotating shaft 2
Can be stopped immediately.

[0091]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a large moment of inertia can be obtained by the main rotation shaft (2) and the hammer (22). Even if there is a hammer (22)
Can be finely ground in a short time by the inertia force of Therefore, there is an advantage that labor by human power becomes unnecessary. In addition, by finely pulverizing the waste material, the volume of the waste material can be reduced, so that the waste material can be effectively stocked in a container-like material and the waste material can be prevented from being scattered. Therefore, the aesthetic appearance of the factory can be improved.

Further, since the capacity of the waste material is reduced,
For example, the efficiency of transportation by truck can be improved. Furthermore, if the waste material is combustible, it can be used as a good fuel which has a high thermal power and a small residual amount of ash by pulverizing it finely. Moreover, if the waste material is wood or the like, the crushed waste material can be used for soil improvement.

The main rotating shaft (2) and the hammer (22)
Therefore, there is an advantage that less energy is required for rotationally driving the main rotary shaft (2).

The hammer (22) is connected to the hammer support shaft (2).
Since it is provided rotatably in 1), the impact force when pulverizing the waste material does not act on the root of the hammer (22). Therefore, the durability can be improved.

Further, only the waste material pulverized to a predetermined size is supplied to the conveyor (4) through the sieve (321). Then, the large waste material is repeatedly pulverized by the hammer (22) until the large waste material passes through the sieve (321). Therefore, the waste material crushed to a certain size or less can be transported to a predetermined place via the conveyor (4).

The main rotating shaft (2) is connected to a pulley (24,
60) and the first rotary drive means (6) via the belt (61), so that the first rotary drive means (6) and the axis of the first rotary drive means (6) can rotate. You don't have to match your heart. Therefore, there is an advantage that the installation of the first rotation driving means (6) is simplified. In addition, since the fluctuation in load can be absorbed by the belt (61), it is also effective in preventing noise and vibration.

Further, since the inverter motor (6) can be used as the first rotary drive means (6), the main rotary shaft (2)
Even when the peripheral moment of inertia is large, the main rotating shaft (2) can be efficiently raised to a high speed.
Therefore, there is an advantage that a small capacity can be used as the first rotation driving means (6).

Further, since the supply device (5) for supplying the waste material to the hammer (22) is provided, the waste material is supplied to the hammer (2).
The grinding amount can be controlled by 2). That is, for example, when the waste material is a pallet, the pallet can be pulverized by being gradually applied to the hammer (22) from the end of the pallet. Therefore, the waste material can be efficiently crushed.

Further, since the feed blade (52) can be provided around the supply rotary shaft (51), the waste material can be reliably held and sent to the hammer (22) side. In addition, since both ends of the supply rotary shaft (51) are driven by the second rotation driving means (72), the supply rotary shaft (51) can be rotated with good balance. That is, the torsional moment acting on the supply rotary shaft (51) and the feed blade (52) can be reduced.

Further, since the hydraulic motor (72) can be used as the second rotary drive means (72), the supply rotary shaft (5
Both ends can be driven in a balanced manner with the same torque. Moreover, when the predetermined relief pressure is reached,
Since the rotation of the hydraulic motor (72) stops, it is possible to prevent the supply rotary shaft (51), the feed blade (52), the hydraulic motor (72) itself, and the like from being damaged by an overload.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the moment of inertia around the main rotation shaft (2) is large, the main rotation shaft (2) takes a certain amount of rotation before reaching a predetermined high-speed rotation. take time. But the conveyor (4)
, The main rotating shaft (2) is driven, and after a predetermined time elapses, the supply device (5) is started, so that the crushing of the waste material is started by the high-speed rotating hammer (22). can do. In addition, since the conveyor (4) is driven before driving the main rotating shaft (2), the waste material remaining before the driving of the main rotating shaft (2) is removed through the conveyor (4) into a predetermined amount. Can be transported to the place.

Even if the supply device (5) is stopped, the last supplied waste material remains in the hammer (22) side. However, since the drive of the main rotating shaft (2) is stopped after a lapse of a predetermined time after the supply device (5) is stopped, the last waste material can be sufficiently finely crushed.

Further, since the inertia moment around the main rotating shaft (2) is large, even if the driving of the main rotating shaft (2) is stopped, the main rotating shaft (2) is actually stopped. It takes some time to do so. However, after stopping the supply device (5), the drive of the main rotating shaft (2) is stopped,
Since the drive of the conveyor (4) is stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed, waste material remaining on the hammer (22) side is prevented from overflowing or remaining on the conveyor (4). can do. In addition, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the main rotating shaft (2) actually stops, and the conveyor (4) also stops. Therefore, when the conveyor (4) stops, the main rotating shaft (2) actually stops. You can indirectly confirm that you have done it.

Further, a first overload detecting means for detecting an overload of the main rotating shaft (2) is provided, and every time the first overload detecting means detects an overload, the supply device (5) is switched off. Since it can be configured to stop, it is possible to prevent the rotation speed of the main rotating shaft (2) from decreasing. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crushing ability of the hammer (22) from decreasing due to the inertial force.

A second overload detecting means (74) for detecting an overload of the supply rotary shaft (51) is provided.
Each time an overload is detected by the overload detection means (74) of
After the supply device (5) is stopped, the waste material can be sent in the reverse direction by the supply device (5), and then the waste material can be sent in the forward direction again by the supply device (5). It can automatically release its own overload state and return to normal.

Further, since the drive of the main rotating shaft (2) can be stopped when the cover (322, 323) is opened, the main rotating shaft (2) is gradually opened by opening the cover (322, 323). , But stopped and the cover (32
When the main rotation shaft (2) is opened, the main rotation shaft (2) does not start rotating, and is safe. The cover (32
A brake may be provided for forcibly stopping the main rotating shaft (2) when opening (2, 323).

Further, the supply device (5) can be configured to stop when the cover (322, 323) is opened.
When the cover (322, 323) is opened, the supply device (5) stops, and when the cover (322, 323) is opened, the supply device (5) does not start operating, and is safe. Further, when the drive of the supply device (5) and the main rotary shaft (2) is stopped when the cover (322, 323) is opened, the cover (322, 323)
Since the supply device (5) and the main rotary shaft (2) do not rotate in the state where the is opened, it is safer.

Further, an emergency stop button (800) for stopping the driving of the main rotary shaft (2) can be provided on the control panel (80) and the operation panel (81). 2) can be stopped.

An emergency stop button (8) for stopping the driving of the main rotating shaft (2) and stopping the supply device (5).
00) can be provided on the control panel (80) and the operation panel (81), so that the main rotating shaft (2) and the supply device (5) can be stopped immediately in an emergency.

Further, since switching between manual and automatic can be made possible, for example, by driving and stopping the main rotating shaft (2) manually, the hammer (22), the main rotating shaft (2), etc. The waste material that has been caught can be easily removed. Further, by manually performing the supply device (5), the overload of the main rotating shaft (2) and the supply device (5) itself is artificially released, and waste material is gradually supplied to the hammer (22) side. This makes it possible, for example, to grind even high-strength materials.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a waste material crushing apparatus shown as a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the waste material crushing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the waste material crushing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a main rotation shaft, a connecting plate, a hammer support shaft, a hammer, and the like in the waste material crushing apparatus, and is IV-IV in FIG.
Sectional view along the line.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a supply device in the waste material crushing device, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the waste material crushing apparatus, and is a view as seen in the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the waste material crushing apparatus, and is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a view showing the waste material crushing apparatus, and is a view showing VIII of FIG. 7;
Arrow view.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing an opening and closing mechanism of a maintenance cover and a supply cover in the waste material crushing apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part showing a soundproof wall in the waste material crushing apparatus.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a punching metal of a soundproof wall in the waste material crushing apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing electricity and hydraulic pressure in the waste material crushing apparatus.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a waste material crushing apparatus shown as a second embodiment of the present invention, showing electric and hydraulic pressures.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a chipper shredder in the waste material crushing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 waste material crushing device 2 main rotating shaft 21 hammer support shaft 22 hammer 24 pulley 321 sieve 322 cover (maintenance cover) 323 cover (supply cover) 4 conveyor 5 supply device 51 supply rotation shaft 52 feed blade 6 first rotation driving means (Inverter motor) 60 Pulley 61 Belt 72 Second rotation driving means (Hydraulic motor) 74 Second overload detection means (Pressure switch) 80 Control panel 81 Operation panel 800 Emergency stop button

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yukio Oguma 2-142-1, Sakuragaoka, Higashiyamato-shi, Tokyo Komatsu Zenoa Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-57208 (JP, A) JP-A-7-185379 ( JP, A) JP-A-4-371242 (JP, A) JP-A-60-99351 (JP, A) Actually open 1983-138604 (JP, U) Actually open 1985-600043 (JP, U) Actually open Hei 3-115043 (JP, U) Actually open Hei 4-26038 (JP, U) Actually open Showa 63-181450 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 13 / 00-13/31 B27L 11/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of connecting plates are provided in an axial direction on a main rotation shaft rotatably supported by both brackets on a base, and a plurality of connecting plates are arranged in a circumferential direction for connecting radial end portions of the connecting plates. A hammer support shaft is provided, and a number of hammers are attached to the hammer support shaft such that the base end thereof is rotatable and the expanded portion of the tip is radially outward with centrifugal force as a crushing blade. A hammer cover is provided so as to have a large moment of inertia around the main rotation axis, is provided so as to be rotationally driven by the first rotation driving means, and surrounds the periphery of the hammer driven by the rotation. A maintenance cover and a supply cover for supplying and supplying waste material above the hammer cover, and the supply cover is provided so as to surround a supply device and constitute a hopper; A supply cover provided so as to be rotatable in opposite directions about a support shaft disposed at a position parallel to and separated from the main rotation axis and to open an upper half of the hammer cover, The supply rotary shaft is moved forward and backward in a direction perpendicular to the input direction, and is driven to rotate by a second rotary drive means. A sieve for passing the waste material pulverized material by the hammer below the hammer cover is provided. And a conveyer for conveying the crushed material.