JP3336340B2 - Rice treated with artificial digestive enzyme and its production method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an artificially digested enzyme-treated rice and a method for producing the same, particularly a digestion and absorption rate suitable for adult diseases, digestive diseases and wasting diseases, and for replenishing calories immediately before the start of energy-consuming sports. The present invention relates to an artificially digested enzyme-treated rice and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in Japan, the average life expectancy has been extended and the society has been aging. With this, adult diseases such as cancer, stroke, ischemic heart disease, hypertension and diabetes have increased. Therefore, as one of the measures to prevent this adult disease, the way of eating should be considered.

Rice, an ancient Japanese staple food, contains a large amount of starch and is an excellent energy source and is also important as a protein source. However, cooked rice is tasteless and pale and does not get tired, and it is easy to get full. Easy to overeating.

Since overeating easily causes adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia, cooked rice is not suitable as a high-protein, low-energy diet, which is a basic diet for adult diseases.

[0005] By the way, conventionally, energy saving has been attempted.
There has been no rice that has been reduced in burden on digestive organs or the like due to its fast digestion and absorption rate, and its production method has not been available.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present inventors
We have conducted intensive studies with the aim of reducing energy consumption by accelerating the degradation of rice starch and reducing the burden on digestive organs by accelerating the rate of digestion and absorption in the body.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an artificially digested enzyme-treated rice having a high digestion and absorption rate and low energy.

Another object of the present invention is to provide, in addition to the object of the present invention, rice treated with an artificial digestive enzyme obtained by treating with pancreatin or jasidase.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an artificially digested rice having a high digestion absorption rate and low energy.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the present invention, rice is first treated with artificial digestive enzyme obtained by treating rice with artificial digestive enzyme. Here, rice means brown rice and polished rice, and artificial digestive enzymes mean enzymes that degrade starch, protein, and fat in rice grains into low-molecular-weight saccharides, various amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerin, respectively. For example, pancreatin, justase, protease, lipase and the like can be used. The artificially digested enzyme-treated rice refers to rice treated with the artificially digested enzyme, and can take various forms such as rice grains, rice flour, cooked rice, cayu, instant cooked rice, instant cayu and the like.

[0011] Among these, preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polished rice rice is to identify the artificial digestive enzymes pancreatin or Jasutaze ash.

The artificial digestive enzyme treatment is carried out by immersing rice in the artificial digestive enzyme at about 36 to 40 ° C. for about 30 to 120 minutes, or by immersing the rice, draining the rice, leaving it to stand, and then drying it at about 40 ° C. It is.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. As the artificial digestive enzyme, specifically, for example, pancreatin, jastase, protease, lipase and the like are used. Among them, justase is preferred in view of digestion and absorption rate, physiological effects, odor after treatment, and the like. The concentration of the artificial digestive enzyme solution is preferably several percent, preferably 3 to 5%, and the volume ratio to rice is preferably about 1.5 to 2.5 times. The digestion treatment of the present invention may be performed by immersing rice in an artificial digestive enzyme solution at about 40 ° C. for about 30 minutes and leaving it to stand for about 120 minutes after draining, or the rice may be left at about 37 ± 1 ° C. for about 120 minutes. It may be performed by immersing in an artificial digestive enzyme solution and absorbing water. Alternatively, the digestion reaction may be promoted by stirring slowly so that the rice grains are not crushed during the immersion.

The digested rice may be dried at about 40 ° C., preferably with hot air at about 40 ° C. The artificial digested enzyme-treated rice of the present invention is rice grain, rice flour, cooked rice,
Kayu, cooked rice, instant cooked rice obtained by vacuum freeze-drying kayu, instant kayu, cooked rice containing ingredients as a secondary processed product, cayu such as kayu containing alkaline foods such as umeboshi and salted kelp, rice flour processing of oysters etc. Various forms can be taken according to the use of the product or the like.

[0015] The cooked rice is obtained by washing and draining the rice treated with the artificial digestive enzyme, immersing the rice in 1.5-fold water for about 30 minutes, and then heating the cooked rice with an ordinary rice cooker such as an electric rice cooker. .

Instant rice is prepared by freeze-drying rice cooked with an artificial digestive enzyme (for example, after freezing at -50 ° C. for 4 hours, 10 ⁻³ mmH).
g at 40 ° C. for 3 hours). Restoration of instant cooked rice is performed by adding hot water of about 70 ° C (for example, 7 g
Restoration treatment is performed at 0 ± 1 ° C. under the addition of 150 ml of warm water for 3 minutes). In order to improve the hardness of the rice grains treated with artificial digestive enzymes, and the food properties of rice and instant cooked rice (degree of penetration, elasticity, viscosity and mastication), the processing concentration of digestive enzyme solutions, watering conditions during cooking, It is important to select the rice cooking temperature, the restoration temperature and time of instant cooked rice, and the like. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples.

I

Example 1 Method for producing pancreatin-digested rice A polished rice was added to 1.5 times the volume of 5.0% pancreatin solution (porcine pancreatic pancreatin, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) at 40 ° C.
After immersion for 0 minutes and draining, the digestion treatment was performed by leaving still for 120 minutes. Thereafter, it was washed with water and dried with warm air at 40 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain pancreatin-digested rice.

[0018]

Example 2 Method for producing jaustase-digested rice A jasterase-digested rice was obtained from polished rice using justastase (B-amylase, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in exactly the same manner as pancreatin.

[0019]

Example 3 Preparation of Rice with Digestion of Pancreatin or Justase Digestion treatment is performed by adding 2.5 volumes of a 3.0% pancreatin or justase solution to each polished rice and immersing and absorbing water at 37 ± 1 ° C. for 120 minutes for digestion. After washing and draining, rice is cooked in an electric rice cooker (Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. SR-62 type) at 30 ± 1 ° C for 30 minutes under 1.5 times heavy water addition of polished rice, and is digested with pancreatin or jaustase. I got processed rice.

[0020]

Example 4 Method for Producing Instant Rice Cooked with Pancreatin or Jaustase Digestion The rice cooked with pancreatin or jasidase digestion obtained in Example 3 was frozen at -50 ° C for 4 hours, and then frozen.
Drying was performed at 40 ° C. for 3 hours under 0 ⁻³ mmHg (Shimadzu Corporation, small freezing vacuum drying apparatus for experiment) to obtain instant cooked rice cooked with pancreatin or jasidase digestion. Restoration of instant cooked rice is 70 ± 1 ° C, 150g for 10g of instant cooked rice.
Restoration treatment was performed for 3 minutes with the addition of ml hot water.

The main components and food physical properties of the artificially digested enzyme-treated rice obtained in the above Examples are as follows. In the table below, the composition of each of the polished rice and the processed rice was determined by the protein (KJELD
ALL: Automatic analyzer: B ▲ U ▼ CHL 426 Degestion Uni
t, B ▲ U ▼ CHL 323 Distillation Unit, DOSIMAT725 Metro
hm), fat (SOXHLET method), carbohydrate (SOMOG)
YI modification) and moisture (Infrared Drying Electronic Moisture Analyzer IB-30, Chocho Keiki Co., Ltd.). Food physical properties include the hardness of milled rice, surface tone, penetration of cooked rice, elasticity,
Digital rheometer (Sun-Chemical Co., Ltd. CR-200D type) and digital color difference meter (Hunter colorimetric method: Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. ND-10)
1D type). (1) Table 1 shows the change of the main components of food in comparison with the untreated sections of the cooked rice treated with the artificial digestive enzyme and the instant cooked rice.

Here, in the rice cooked rice area, the polished rice is washed with water, drained, immersed at 30 ± 1 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then polished rice.
Electric rice cooker (Matsushita Electric Industrial KK SR-
(Type 62).

[0023]

[Table 1]

According to Table 1, there is no significant difference in the change of the components between the pancreatin and jastase treatment groups, and the fat content is remarkably reduced, but the reduction rate of other components is low and the energy value is 578 KJ of the control group. / 100g, compared to 0.53% at 573-576KJ / 100g in Umei-ku, and 572KJ / 100g at Immediate Umei-ku
In this case, the rate of decrease was 1.03%, and consequently the treatment of cooked rice and the processing of instant cooked rice had little effect on the components, and no adverse effect was observed. (2) FIG. 1 shows the hardness, which is one of the indices indicating the physical quality of rice grains, measured for pretreatment (whitening, washing rice) and artificial digestive enzyme treatment. The higher the hardness of the rice grains, the lower the water content, the finer the internal structure, and the less the rice grain shape is damaged by cooking rice. In FIG. 1, the brown rice hardness is set as a standard (191.03).
dyn / mm ² ), the hardness of the group treated with pancreatin and justase is about -73%, which is significantly lower than that of the section immersed in water.
It was around 38%. This is because the immersion time in the artificial digestive enzyme solution is long, the tissue-binding properties of proteins and carbohydrates in rice grains by artificial digestive enzymes are reduced, and the compatibility with water is increased, thereby increasing water absorption and decreasing the hardness of rice grains It is thought to be. For this reason, it became clear that it was necessary to pay attention to the conditions of water addition during rice cooking. (3) Table 2 shows the physical properties of foods of cooked rice treated with artificial digestive enzymes and instant cooked rice.

[0025]

[Table 2]

From Table 2, it can be seen that the general food properties of the cooked rice treated with the artificial digestive enzyme and the instant cooked rice indicate that the cooked rice section has a slightly toothy, crisp (elasticity, chewing degree) strong feeling and a rough rice-like appearance. Bad feeling in throat. In the instant rice rice section, the feeling of tooth contact was weakened, the sticking (adhesion) feeling was exhibited, the chewing property was reduced, and the mouthfeel was reduced, and the feeling of passing through the throat was soft and good. Therefore, it is considered to be effective as therapeutic rice for postoperative patients and the elderly. It is determined from the physical properties of the food that it is necessary to pay attention to the cooking temperature, the water addition condition, and the restoration temperature and time of instant cooked rice. (4) The effect on the color tone by the treatment was slightly yellowish to milky to the naked eye, and there was no strange feeling. II Test Examples The diets fed to rats in the following tests were: S diet: SP powder diet (Funabashi Farm) (3.
72Kcal / g) C diet: 50% untreated rice (milled rice) powder and 50 SP powder feed
% Diet (3.64 Kcal / g as above) P feed: 50% of the pancreatin-treated rice flour obtained in Example 3 and SP powder feed 50% were mixed (as above, 3.61 Kcal / g).
g) D diet: 50% of the jaustase-treated rice flour obtained in Example 4 and S
50% P powder feed mixed (3.53 Kcal / g as above)
It was done. Blood collection and blood test were performed 5 minutes before blood collection in rats kept at 40 ° C., and about 200 μl of blood was collected from the tail vein, 50 μl of which was mixed with 10 μl of 3.2% sodium citrate solution to obtain red blood cells and white blood cells. , Platelet count and hemoglobin amount using a hemocytometer (F-300, Sysmc)
x company). GOT, GPT, total cholesterol (T-chol), triglyceride (TG), total protein (T
P), blood sugar level, and fructosamine level (a value indicating chronic hyperglycemia) were measured by an autoanalyzer method by separating serum from the remaining blood. (Test request to the laboratory of Higashiyodogawa Hospital) A significant difference test was performed using the Student's t test when there was no correspondence with the C diet administration group as a control, and a P value of 0.05 or less was determined as a significant difference. . (Test Example 1) Measurement of blood glucose level after eating artificial digestive enzyme-treated rice (measurement of digestion absorption rate) Male Wistar rat (body weight 200 to 300 g)
Were prepared in 4 groups of 8 fish, and fasted on the day before the day, and S, C, P and D diets were freely fed for 30 minutes. FIG. 2 shows the results obtained by measuring the blood glucose level of each group over time and comparing the digestion and absorption rates. As is clear from FIG. 2, the blood glucose level of the P diet group was the fastest, and reached the highest level after 30 minutes.
There was a significant difference (P <0.02) when compared to the diet group values.
The D diet group also reached the maximum value after 60 minutes, indicating that digestion processing after ingestion was performed earlier than the C diet group and the S diet group. (Test Example 2) Effect of long-term administration of artificial digested enzyme-treated rice on growth and metabolism of normal rats SD male rats of 4 weeks (body weight 8)
0 to 90 g) for 1 week, and then 8 fish in each group.
S, C, P and D diets were fed for 12 weeks. There was no difference in food intake, body weight, and body growth between the untreated and digested rice diet groups. As for the effects on blood glucose level and blood fructosamine level, as shown in FIG. 3, the P and D diet groups showed high blood sugar rise (FIG. 3), high triglyceride level and total cholesterol level (FIG. 4). Glucose was converted to lipids with high efficiency. Regarding the effects on blood GOT and GPT, as shown in FIG.
No difference was observed in the value of each group at 4 and 8 weeks of OT, but at 12 weeks, the D diet group showed a slightly lower value.
Blood GPT also showed the same change as GOT. At 12 weeks, the D diet group had a significantly lower value than the C diet group, and the P diet group also had a lower value. These phenomena are thought to be due to the efficient supply of glucose from the portal vein, suggesting that the artificial digested enzyme-treated rice is a food with a small burden on the liver.
The high total blood protein, red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet counts in the D and P diet groups are likely due to the positive effect of the digested rice diet on liver and bone marrow function. The intestinal length observed at the time of sacrifice 12 weeks after the start of the experiment showed that the large intestine in the D-fed group tended to be short. (FIG. 6) This is presumably because the digestion and absorption of the feed in advance enabled efficient digestion and absorption, and the length of the large intestine including the cecum became shorter and better. (Test Example 3) Effect of long-term administration of artificially digested rice on growth and metabolism of diabetic rats As a diabetic rat, a 6-week-old male SD rat (body weight 170-180 g) was usually bred for 1 week, followed by streptozotocin. Was injected intravenously at 35 mg / kg, and one week later, rats whose blood glucose level had risen to 200 to 400 mg / dl were selected, and 9 rats in each group were fed S, C, P, and D diets for 8 weeks. . A diabetic rat having a metabolic defect obtained by the above method was subjected to the same test as in Test Example 2. As a result, the blood glucose level of rats fed the P and D groups was not lower than that of the C group, and the fructosamine value of the D group was C The value was higher than the bait group. These values improved to some extent with dietary restriction. In addition, it did not have any effect on hypertensive changes and arteriosclerotic changes in the fundus, but a tendency was observed in which the development of cataract was suppressed. (FIG. 7) The large intestine of the D diet group after the test was slightly shorter than the other groups. For other numbers, not very good results were obtained. From this fact, the artificially digested enzyme-treated rice of the present invention
Although it is not very suitable as a diabetic diet, it has become clear that there is a possibility of restricting food intake and that digestion and absorption are performed efficiently.

From the above Test Examples 1, 2, and 3, it was proved that the rice treated with the artificial digestive enzyme of the present invention had an excellent digestive and absorptive property, which was early after eating and showed a high rise in blood sugar. Therefore, the artificial digestive enzyme-treated rice of the present invention is a dietary calorie supplement immediately before the athlete who needs energy in a rapid and short time, digestive diseases due to efficient digestion and absorption,
It is considered to be the best food for people suffering from wasting diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases, and those who are allergic to rice. In addition, although the feeling of fullness appears early, the digestion and absorption are fast and the time of stagnation in the stomach is short, so the feeling of hunger may occur early, or the purpose of preventing overeating and obesity could not be achieved, It is a low-energy diet, and if food intake is restricted, blood sugar level and blood fructosamine level tend to be low, so that it may be used as an adult diet for metabolic diseases such as diabetes.

[0028]

As described above, the first and second aspects of the present invention provide an artificially digested enzyme-treated rice having low energy and excellent digestibility. Further, the invention of claim 3 aims at providing a method for producing artificial digested enzyme-treated rice having excellent digestibility and absorbability at low energy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effects of various pretreatments and artificial digestive enzyme treatments on the hardness of rice grains.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in blood glucose levels in Wistar rats after eating an artificially digested enzyme-treated rice diet.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effects of an artificially digested enzyme-treated rice diet on blood glucose (upper figure) and blood fructosamine levels (lower figure) in normal rats.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of an artificial digestive enzyme-treated rice diet on blood cholesterol (upper figure) and triglyceride level (lower figure) of normal rats.

FIG. 5: Blood G of normal rats treated with artificial digestive enzyme-treated rice
It is a figure which shows the influence which affects OT (upper figure) and blood GPT (lower figure).

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effects of a rice diet treated with an artificial digestive enzyme on the small intestine length (upper figure) and large intestine length (lower figure) of normal rats.

FIG. 7 shows fundus findings in diabetic rats, ie, hypertensive changes (top), arteriosclerotic changes (middle), and cataract changes (bottom). Note that the vertical lines in the graphs of FIGS. 2 to 7 indicate the range of the numerical value +-.

[Explanation of symbols]

 ○ ・ ・ ・ SP bait group (S bait group) ● ・ ・ ・ Untreated rice bait group (C bait group) △ ・ ・ ・ Pancreatin treated rice bait group (P bait group) ▲ ・ ・ ・ Justase treated rice bait group (D diet group) P: significant difference

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 8-193 (JP, A) JP-A 55-138368 (JP, A) JP-A 9-182 (JP, A) 15089 (JP, B1) JP-B-46-28132 (JP, B1) Journal of the Japanese Society of Home Economics, 48 (8), 699-706 (1997) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A23L 1 /Ten

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. Rice cooked with an artificial digestive enzyme treated with pancreatin or justase to produce cooked rice, freeze-dried, and then 10 g of the cooked rice at 70 ± 1 ° C. for 3 minutes under the addition of 150 ml of hot water. An artificially digested enzyme-treated rice obtained by doing so. Wherein rice is polished rice, artificial digestive enzyme treatment rice according to claim 1, wherein. 3. An artificial digestive enzyme treatment comprises immersing rice in an artificial digestive enzyme solution at about 36 to 40 ° C. for about 30 to 120 minutes, or after immersion, draining and allowing to stand, and then drying at about 40 ° C. 3. The artificial digested enzyme-treated rice according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rice is treated. 4. The artificial digestive enzyme according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is used for a patient having an adult disease, a digestive disease or a wasting disease, for the elderly, or for replenishing calories immediately before the start of energy-consuming sports. Processed rice.