JP3335040B2 - Rainfall determination device and method, transmission output control device and method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission output control apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a transmission output control apparatus and method for rainfall in a radio system over the microwave band.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a fixed multiplex radio system using a frequency of 11 GHz or more, since the amount of attenuation due to rainfall is large, it is necessary to increase the system gain despite the short section transmission distance.

[0003] For example, when there is a rain of 1.8 mm during propagation over 20 km in the 11 GHz band, the rain attenuation is 4
It becomes 9.1 dB. At this time, four-phase PSK 52 Mb / s
In transmission, the threshold level is -104.5 dB
m, whereas the standard incoming level is -35.7d
Bm.

[0004] If the transmission distance in the section is made longer, the amount of attenuation of rainfall further increases. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the system gain to increase the transmission output. However, the increase in the transmission output increases the amount of interference with other routes and the like, and cannot be easily tolerated. FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the interference of the microwave line and the rainfall area. In general, a microwave line composed of the A station, the B station, the C station, and the D station has an over-transmission frequency from the A station because the transmission frequency from the A station is the same as the transmission frequency of the C station in order to enhance frequency use efficiency. Reach interference. This is self-route interference.

[0005] On the other hand, if adjacent microwave lines from station E to station F use the same frequency, A
The transmission wave of the station interferes with the F station and causes other route interference. In the 11 GHz band, which is often used for short-distance wireless communication in a public line, it is affected by the distance and the aperture of the antenna. However, if the direction of the interference is more than 5 degrees from the actual transmission direction, the interference generally occurs. It is thought that there is no problem. But,
If a large transmission output is always set in anticipation of attenuation due to rainfall, the amount of interference between the own route and other routes increases.

In order to cope with this problem, transmission output control that increases the transmission output only during rainfall is adopted. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent transmission from being performed more than necessary until rainfall attenuation does not occur and to increase interference. As shown in FIG. 13, the rainfall area is generally distributed over the own route and the interference route. Therefore, even if the rainfall attenuation is equalized by the transmission output control, the interference does not change.

In the conventional transmission output control method for rain attenuation, when the reception level is detected on the local station side and the level is reduced, it is determined to be rain attenuation, and the reception level of the partner station is similarly reduced. As a result, the transmission level to the partner station is increased. Similarly, the other station can compensate for rain attenuation by increasing the transmission level.

[0008]

However, the above-described conventional transmission output control method has the following problems. In the conventional transmission output control method in which the reception level is detected on the local station side, the level decrease is determined as rainfall, and the transmission level is raised, the reception level of the local station may be reduced due to a failure of the transmitter on the other side. Judge as rain. Accordingly, the transmission output of the own station is increased even though the reception level of the other station has not been reduced, that is, the attenuation has not occurred due to rainfall. As a result, the increased transmission power is not attenuated by the rainfall, resulting in a problem of increasing interference.

[0009] The object of the present invention, in view of the above problems,
Provided is a transmission output control method for accurately determining the presence or absence of attenuation due to rainfall or the like in a propagation route and increasing the transmission output only when there is attenuation in the propagation route.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by taking the following means. According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transmission output control device that controls transmission output by detecting attenuation of a radio wave due to rainfall in a propagation route, and detects a change amount of the polarization direction of the radio wave to determine whether a rainfall occurs. Rain determination means for determining whether or not there is, and control means for controlling the transmission output based on the result of the rain determination means, wherein the rain determination means separates the vertical polarization and the other horizontal polarization. a polarization demultiplexing means for a reception level detecting means for detecting the reception level and the reception level of the horizontal polarization <br/> vertical polarization demultiplexed by the polarized splitting means, the vertical
The amount of decrease A of the reception level of the orthogonal polarization from the time of non-rainfall,
It is characterized in that it has a determination means for calculating the amount of decrease B of the horizontal polarization reception level from the time of non-rainfall, and judging rain if the amount of decrease A is greater than the amount of decrease B.

In the apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the rainfall determining means further includes means for detecting a decrease in the reception level of the radio wave, wherein the decrease in the reception level and the change in the polarization direction are determined. It is characterized by determining whether it is rainfall or not.

[0012]

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the judging means judges rain if the amount of decrease A is greater than a predetermined amount of decrease and the amount of decrease A is greater than the amount of decrease B. And In the invention device according to claim 4 ,
The rain determination means is connected to an input of the reception level detection means for detecting the reception level of the radio wave, and the control signal is used to control the polarization angle of the radio wave so that the reception level is maximized. A polarization angle control means for controlling, and a determination means for calculating a change amount of the control signal of the polarization angle control means from the time of non-rainfall and determining that rainfall occurs when the change amount is larger than a predetermined change amount. It is characterized by having.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the determining means calculates an amount of decrease in the reception level from the time of non-rainfall, wherein the amount of decrease is larger than the predetermined amount of decrease and the polarization angle control is performed. If the amount of change in the control signal of the means is larger than the predetermined amount of change, it is determined that rainfall has occurred.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the rain determination means includes a reception level detection means for detecting a reception level of the radio wave, and the transmission output signal based on a control signal for minimizing interference between polarizations of the radio wave. a polarization interference compensating means for compensating the interference of the radio wave control to the said cross-polarization interference to calculate the amount of change from the time of non-rainfall control signal of the compensation means, when the change amount is larger than the predetermined change amount And determining means for determining rainfall.

[0016] In the invention according to claim 7, wherein, the determination means calculates a reduction amount from the time of non-rainfall of the reception level, larger the decrease than the predetermined reduction amount and the cross-polarization interference compensator If the amount of change in the control signal of the means is larger than the predetermined amount of change, it is determined that rainfall has occurred.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the radio wave propagation
A rain determination device for determining rain during a route,
Detects the amount of change in the polarization direction of radio waves to determine whether it is raining
Rain determining means, wherein the rain determining means comprises a vertically polarized wave.
Polarization demultiplexing means for demultiplexing the light into horizontal polarization other than the
Received level of vertically polarized wave and water
Reception level detection means for detecting the reception level of the plane polarization,
Reduction amount A of the reception level of the vertical polarization from the time of non-rainfall
And the amount of decrease in the reception level of the horizontal polarization from the time of non-rainfall
B is calculated, and if the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B,
Judgment means for judging rain if the rainfall occurs.
You.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the rainfall judging means further includes means for detecting a decrease in the reception level of the radio wave, and a means for detecting the decrease in the reception level and the change in the polarization direction. It is characterized by determining whether it is rainfall or not.

[0019]

[0020] In the invention according to claim 1 0, wherein, the determining means that the decrease amount A is larger than the predetermined reduction amount and the reduction amount A is determined to rain when the larger reduction amount B Features. In the invention according to claim 1 1, wherein, the precipitation determining unit comprises a receiving level detection means for detecting a reception level of the radio wave, so that the input to the connected the reception level of the reception level detecting unit becomes the maximum A polarization angle control unit that controls a polarization angle of the radio wave by a control signal, and a change amount of the control signal of the polarization angle control unit from a time of non-rainfall is calculated, and the change amount is larger than a predetermined change amount. And determining means for determining rainfall in such a case.

[0021] In the invention according to claim 1 wherein, said judging means, non-rain drop volume to calculate from the time, increased the amount of decrease than the predetermined reduction amount and the polarization angle of the reception level When the amount of change in the control signal of the control means is larger than the predetermined amount of change, it is determined that rainfall has occurred.

[0022] In the invention according to claim 1 3 wherein, the rain determination means, said radio wave and receiving level detecting means, the control signal as polarization interference of the radio waves is minimized for detecting a reception level of the radio wave Inter-polarization interference compensating means for compensating for the interference, and calculating an amount of change of the control signal of the inter-polarization interference compensating means from the time of non-rainfall, and determining that the rainfall occurs when the amount of change is larger than a predetermined amount of change. Means.

[0023] In the invention according to claim 1 4, wherein, the determination means calculates a reduction amount from the time of non-rainfall of the reception level, larger the decrease than the predetermined reduction amount and the cross-polarization interference When the amount of change of the control signal of the compensating means is larger than the predetermined amount of change, it is determined that rainfall has occurred.

[0024] In the invention according to claim 1 5, wherein, there is provided a transmission output control method for controlling a transmission output is detected and the signal attenuation due to rain during transmission route, said method comprising the polarization of (a) the radio Detecting the amount of change in the wave direction; (b) determining whether it is rainfall based on the amount of change; and (c) controlling the transmission output when it is determined that rainfall occurs. Vertical polarization and other water
Flat on the polarization demultiplexed to detect the reception levels of the horizontally polarized of the demultiplexed the vertically polarized, and the decrease amount A from the time of non-rainfall reception level of the vertical polarization, the horizontal Calculating the amount of decrease B of the polarization reception level from the time of non-rainfall, wherein the step (b) is a step of determining that the amount of rain is rain if the amount of decrease A is greater than the amount of decrease B; Features.

[0025] In the invention according to claim 1 6, wherein, said step (a) comprises further the step of detecting a decrease of the reception level of the radio wave (a-1), wherein step (b), the receiving The method is characterized in that it is a step of determining whether it is rainfall based on the amount of decrease in the level and the amount of change in the polarization direction.

[0026] In the invention according to claim 1 7, wherein is a rain determining rainfall determination method in radio wave propagation route, the method comprising: (a) sensing the polarization direction of the variation of the radio wave, (b) comprises the step of determining whether the rainfall by the change amount, wherein step (a) is vertically polarized and the other horizontally polarized
And the reception level of the split vertical polarized wave and the water
Detecting the level of reception of the plane-polarized wave , and calculating the amount of decrease A of the level of reception of the vertically polarized wave from non-rainfall and the amount of decrease B of the level of reception of the horizontal polarization from non-rainfall. ,
The step (b) is characterized in that when the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B, it is determined that rainfall occurs.

[0027] In the invention according to claim 1 8 wherein, said step (a), further comprising a step (a-1) for detecting a decrease of the reception level of the radio wave, the step (b), the receiving The method is characterized in that it is a step of determining whether it is rainfall based on the amount of decrease in the level and the amount of change in the polarization direction.

[0028] According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the transmission power control device further includes a transmission means for transferring the control information of the transmission power to a partner station. Claim 2 0
In the invention device described above, the transmission output control device further includes a receiving unit that receives control information of transmission output from a partner station, and the rain determination unit performs the determination in consideration of the control information. Features.

[0029] In the invention according to claim 2 1, wherein, the transmission output control method is characterized by further comprising the step of transferring control information (d) transmitting the output to the other station. Claim 2
3. The transmission apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
-2) receiving the control information of the transmission output from the partner station and correcting the reception level of the radio wave from the partner station with the control information.

According to a twenty- third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transmission output control device for controlling transmission output by detecting attenuation of a radio wave in a propagation route, wherein the detection device detects a change amount of the polarization direction of the radio wave. Means, and control means for controlling transmission output based on the amount of change, wherein the detection means comprises: polarization splitting means for splitting into vertical polarization and other horizontal polarization, and the polarization splitting means. Received level and horizontal level of vertical polarization split by means
Has a reception level detection means for detecting a reception level of polarization, and decrease the amount A of the reception level of the vertically polarized wave, and a reduction amount calculating means for calculating the reduced amount B of the reception level of the horizontally polarized wave, The determination means controls the transmission output when the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B.

According to a twenty- fourth aspect of the present invention, the detecting means further includes means for detecting a decrease in the reception level of the radio wave, and the control means controls the decrease in the reception level and the polarization. The transmission output is controlled based on the direction change amount.

[0032]

[Action] In the claims 1, transmission power control method of the transmission output control apparatus or claim 1 5, wherein according to any one of the six, detects a change amount with respect to time of non-rainfall wave polarization direction If the amount of change is greater than a predetermined amount of change, it is determined that rain has occurred, and the transmission output is controlled based on the result.

As described above, the transmission output is controlled only when the attenuation is caused by the rain by utilizing the fact that the polarization direction of the radio wave is changed by the rain. Increase and prevent interference with others. In the transmission output control device according to any one of claims 2, 3, 5, and 7, or the transmission output control method according to claim 16, the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is detected. Detecting the amount of decrease in the reception level of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall, wherein the amount of decrease is greater than a predetermined amount of decrease and the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is greater than the predetermined amount of change. If it is larger, it is determined that it is raining, and the transmission output is controlled based on the result.

Accordingly, it is possible to more accurately determine rainfall and to detect the amount of attenuation of radio waves due to rainfall, so that appropriate transmission output control can be performed. Claim
8, 1 1, in 1 3 rainfall determination method of rainfall determination apparatus or claim 1 7, wherein according to any one of the, detects a change amount with respect to time of non-rainfall wave polarization direction, the amount of change Is larger than a predetermined change amount, it is determined that it is raining.

By utilizing the fact that the polarization direction of radio waves changes due to rainfall, rainfall can be accurately determined. This can prevent erroneous determination of rainfall due to a failure of the transmission device or the like. Claim 9 , 1
0, 1 2, in the 1 4 rainfall determination method of rainfall determination apparatus or claim 1 8, wherein according to any one of the, detects a change amount with respect to time of non-rainfall wave polarization direction, further the radio The amount of decrease in the reception level with respect to the time of non-rainfall is detected, and when the amount of decrease is greater than a predetermined amount of decrease and the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is greater than the predetermined amount of rainfall. Is determined. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately determine rainfall and to detect the attenuation of radio waves due to rainfall.

[0036] In claim 19 or 2 0 transmission output control method of the transmission output control apparatus or claim 2 1 or 2 wherein the wherein the control information of the transmission output is transferred to the partner station, also transferred from the remote station Upon receiving the transmitted control information of the transmission output, the rainfall determination means makes a determination in consideration of the control information. Therefore, the rain determination unit can determine the rainfall before the transmission output control is performed, and can perform accurate bidirectional transmission output control between the own station and the partner station.

[0037] In transmission output control apparatus according to claim 2 3 wherein detects the polarization direction of the variation of the radio wave, and controls the transmission output on the basis of the amount of change. Therefore, not only rainfall,
When the polarization plane changes and the reception level is attenuated during the propagation route due to other factors, the attenuation of the reception level can be compensated by the transmission output control.

According to the transmission output control device of the twenty- fourth aspect , in addition to the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave, the amount of decrease in the reception level is detected, and the transmission output is controlled based on the detected amount. Therefore, since the amount of attenuation of the reception level can be accurately detected, accurate transmission output control can be performed.

[0039]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the principle of the present invention will be described. 1
Rain that attenuates the microwave band of 0 GHz or more is generally heavy rain, and in that case, the raindrops are flattened due to their large size, and the raindrops flattened by wind pressure are inclined. At this time, when a radio wave hits the inclined raindrop, the amplitude component of the radio wave is attenuated, and a tilt of the polarization plane is induced.

This will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an inclination of an electric field due to deformation of a raindrop.
Here, for convenience of explanation, a radio wave in which an electric field and a magnetic field exist will be treated as an electric field vector. It is assumed that the electric field is incident horizontally from left to right with respect to FIG. Also, when the raindrop falls from above to below, it flattens into an ellipse (spreads in the X-axis direction), and the long axis of the ellipse changes from the X-axis direction to the X'-axis direction due to the wind blowing from left to right. The short axis is inclined from the Y-axis direction to the Y'-axis direction. Therefore, an electric field enters the elliptical raindrop inclined from the X ′ axis and the Y ′ axis from the left side.

The vector OE which is the incident electric field can be decomposed into a vector OL which is a long axis component and a vector OS which is a short axis component in a raindrop. Then, these vectors are attenuated to the vector OL 'and the vector OS', respectively. At this time, the attenuation of the long axis component is larger than the attenuation of the short axis component. Therefore, the composite vector OE ′ after attenuation is inclined at an angle of EOE ′ with respect to the incident vector OE.

The amount of tilt of the plane of polarization is actually measured as the amount of deterioration of the degree of polarization discrimination, and is 5 to 10 dB. Therefore, accurate determination can be made by using the inclination of the polarization plane peculiar to the generation of raindrops in determining rainfall attenuation. In the present invention, in order to further increase the accuracy, a case where both the decrease in the reception level and the inclination of the polarization plane occur simultaneously is determined as rainfall.

Next, a first embodiment of the transmission output control device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the first embodiment of the transmission output control device of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of a determination circuit of the first embodiment of the transmission output control device shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the determination circuit shown in FIG.

The transmission output control apparatus includes an antenna 1, a polarization splitter 3, reception circuits 5, 7, a determination circuit 9, and a transmission circuit 1.
1 Further, the polarization splitter 3, the receiving circuits 5, 7
And the determination circuit 9 constitute a rainfall determination circuit. The transmission wave (V) by the vertically polarized wave is received from the antenna 1,
Further, the polarization splitter 3 discriminates a vertical polarization component (V) and a horizontal polarization component (H). This discrimination degree is usually 30d
It is about B. That is, when there is no horizontal polarization input and only vertical polarization is received, the vertical polarization component attenuated by about 30 dB is output as a leak to the horizontal polarization output.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of rainfall and the amount of polarization identification. FIG. 5 shows the reception levels of the signals appearing in the vertical polarization output and the horizontal polarization output of the polarization splitter 3 when receiving the transmission wave by the vertical polarization with respect to the rainfall.
The polarization discrimination amount is defined as a difference between the reception level of the vertical polarization output and the reception level of the horizontal polarization output. Note that the dotted line is the reception level of the signal appearing in the horizontal polarization output when it is assumed that the polarization plane of the radio wave does not tilt due to rainfall.

When the rainfall amount is 0 mm / min, when the reception level at the vertical polarization output is -10 dBm, the reception level at the horizontal polarization output is -40 dBm, and the polarization discrimination amount is 30 dB. However, if there is rain,
A transmission wave having only vertical polarization originally has a horizontal polarization component due to rainfall as described above. Therefore, as the rainfall increases, the reception levels at the vertical and horizontal polarization outputs both attenuate, but the polarization discrimination amount is 30
It becomes smaller than dB. Therefore, it is possible to determine rainfall by observing the levels of the vertical polarization output and the horizontal polarization output of the polarization splitter 3.

In this determination, the vertical polarization output and the horizontal polarization output of the polarization splitter 3 are detected as automatic gain control (AGC) monitor voltages through the receiving circuits 5 and 7, respectively, and these AGC monitor voltages are detected. This is performed by inputting it to the judgment circuit 9. AG
C is a well-known technique for measuring a reception level, and can be easily configured in a reception circuit.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the AGC monitor voltage and the reception level. The reception level and the AGC monitor voltage have a substantially linear relationship. Therefore, AG
The reception level can be represented using the C monitor voltage. Next, the operation of the determination circuit 9 will be described.

The AGC monitor voltages detected by the receiving circuits 5 and 7 are converted into digital data by A / D converters 21 and 22, respectively, and input to the memories 31 and 32 and the memories 33 and 34, respectively. . Writing of data to these memories is performed by the clock oscillator 35.
This is done by the clock pulse from.

The clock pulse is always input to the memories 32 and 34, and the input data is written unconditionally. On the other hand, the clock pulse is input to the memories 31 and 33 via the AND gate 41. That is, a clock pulse is output only when the other terminal of the AND gate 41 is set to “1” by the switch 40, and at that time, the memory 31
Then, each data is written to the memory 33.

The memories 31 and 33 store the reception levels (reference values) A0 and B0 of the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization which are considered to be unaffected by rainfall, and the memories 32 and 34. , Temporarily store the reception levels A1 and B1 of the current vertical and horizontal polarizations. When it is determined that data writing to the memories 31 and 33 is normal, the switch 40 is operated and executed. The determination of the normal state can be easily made, for example, by comparing the amount of polarization identification with the characteristic value of the polarization splitter 3 measured in advance.

Next, the data A stored in the memories 31 and 32
0, A1 and data B0, B1 stored in the memories 33, 34
The reference value A0−the current value A1 = ΔA and the reference value B0−the current value B1 are calculated by the subtractor 51 and the subtracter 52, respectively.
= ΔB, and the reception level deterioration amount is obtained for the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization.

The reception level deterioration amount ΔA of the vertical polarization, which is the output of the subtracter 51, is divided into two, and one is input to the comparator 61 and compared with the data αdB written in the ROM 63. When the received level deterioration amount ΔA is larger than α dB, the comparator 61 outputs “1” (step S1 in FIG. 4).
YES).

Further, the reception level degradation ΔA of the vertically polarized wave
Is compared in the comparator 62 with the reception level deterioration amount ΔB of the horizontal polarization, and when ΔA is larger than ΔB, the comparator 6
2 outputs “1” (YE in step S2 in FIG. 4).
S). Then, in the AND gate 42, when the outputs of the comparator 61 and the comparator 62 are simultaneously "1", the output is determined to be "1" and "rainfall" is determined.

As described above, when the determination circuit 9 determines that “rainfall” has occurred, the control circuit 10 shown in FIG. 2 increases the transmission output of the transmission circuit 11. The increase amount of the transmission output is a predetermined amount or the reception level deterioration amount ΔA of the vertical polarization.
Can be determined from In step S1 of the flowchart of FIG.
When A is equal to or smaller than α dB, the comparator 61 outputs “0” and does not judge “rainfall”. Also, in step S2, the comparator 62 sets “0” when the reception level deterioration amount ΔA of the vertical polarization is equal to or smaller than the reception level deterioration amount ΔB of the horizontal polarization.
Is output and it is not judged as "rainfall".

Accordingly, the reception level of the own station is deteriorated due to a failure of the transmitter at the transmission destination, and the comparator 61 sets “1”.
Output, "0" is output from the comparator 62 since the polarization plane does not change due to rainfall, and it is not determined that the rainfall occurs. Therefore, in this case, the transmission output of the transmission circuit 11 shown in FIG. 2 is not increased.

As described above, in the transmission output control device according to the present invention, the transmission output control is performed only when the attenuation is caused by the rainfall. , Can be prevented from interfering with others. Next, referring to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9,
A second embodiment of the transmission output control device according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the transmission output control device according to the present invention.
1 shows a configuration of an embodiment. FIG. 8 shows a configuration example of a determination circuit according to a second embodiment of the transmission output control device shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the determination circuit shown in FIG. This transmission output control device includes an antenna 1, a polarization angle controller 13, a control circuit 15, a reception circuit 5, a determination circuit 1,
7 and a transmission circuit 11. The polarization angle controller 13, the control circuit 15, the reception circuit 5, and the determination circuit 17 constitute a rainfall determination circuit. In FIGS. 7 and 8, elements denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 2 and 3 have the same functions as the elements in FIGS.

Also in this transmission output control device, a case is considered where a transmission wave by vertical polarization is received from antenna 1. The signal received from the antenna 1 passes through the polarization angle controller 13, and the reception level of the signal is detected by the receiving circuit 5 as an AGC monitor voltage. The polarization angle controller 13 observes the AGC monitor voltage by the control circuit 15, and
The polarization angle is controlled so that the reception level becomes maximum. The polarization angle is controlled by applying an electric field to the signal according to the angle control voltage from the control circuit 15 and utilizing the Faraday effect. In this circuit, the absolute value of the angle control voltage from the control circuit 15 has a larger value as the polarization plane of the transmission wave is inclined. Assuming that the control voltage is C0 when there is no rainfall, under the rainfall, the control voltage increases or decreases depending on the inclination of the polarization plane. Therefore, the amount of change in the angle control voltage of the control circuit 15 from the value when there is no rainfall is given by
It can represent rain attenuation.

The reception level detected by the reception circuit 5 and the angle control voltage of the control circuit 15 are supplied to a determination circuit 17 respectively. Similar to the determination circuit 9 in FIG. 3, the memories 31 and 32 store a reference value A0 in normal times when there is no rainfall in the reception level and a current value A1. Memory 33, 34
Stores a normal reference value C0 when there is no rainfall of the angle control voltage of the control circuit 15 and a current value C1.

In the subtractor 51, the reference value A0-the current value A1
= ΔA is calculated, and the reception level deterioration amount is obtained. Further, in the comparator 61, as in the determination circuit 9 in FIG.
The data is compared with the data αdB written in the OM 63, and when the reception level deterioration amount ΔA is larger than αdB, the comparator 61
Outputs "1" (YES in step S3 in FIG. 9).

The comparator 62 calculates a reference value C0 of the angle control voltage.
And the current value C1, and if C1 is greater than C0 + β1 dB (where β1 is a predetermined value), “1” is output to one output, and C1 is C0−β2 dB (where β2 is If it is smaller than (predetermined value), "1" is output to one output. The OR gate 64 outputs “1” when either one of the two outputs is “1”.
To summarize the logics of the comparator 62 and the OR gate 64, when the current value C1 changes without being near the reference value C0, “1” is output. When the current value C1 is near the reference value C0,
Outputs “0”. That is, when the output of the OR gate 64 is "1", it is determined that the angle control voltage has changed due to rainfall (YES in step S4 in FIG. 9).

In the AND gate 42, the comparator 6
When the output of the OR gate 64 and the output of the OR gate 64 are both "1" at the same time, it is determined that the amount of deterioration of the reception input level exceeds the threshold value and the angle control voltage has changed at the same time, and the output of the OR gate is set to "1" to determine "rainfall" I do. As described above, when the determination circuit 17 determines “rain”, the control circuit 10 shown in FIG.
Increases the transmission output of the transmission circuit 11. The amount of increase in the transmission output can be determined from a predetermined amount or the reception level deterioration amount ΔA.

In step S3 of the flowchart of FIG. 9, when the amount of deterioration ΔA of the reception level is equal to or smaller than α dB, the comparator 61 outputs “0” and does not judge “rainfall”. In step S4, the angle control voltage C1
Is near the reference value C0, the OR gate 64 outputs "0" as no control voltage change and does not judge "rainfall".

As described above, also in the transmission output control apparatus according to the present invention, the transmission output control is performed only when the attenuation is caused by the rainfall. In addition, interference can be prevented. Next, a third embodiment of the transmission output control device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 10 shows the configuration of a third embodiment of the transmission output control device of the present invention. This transmission output control device includes an antenna 1, a polarization splitter 3, reception circuits 5, 7, inter-polarization interference compensation circuits 19a, 19b, determination circuits 17a, 17b, and transmission circuits 11a, 11b. The configuration is such that the inter-polarization interference compensation circuits 19a and 19b are connected to the reception circuits 5 and 7 of the transmission output control device shown in FIG.
The determination circuits 17a and 17b have the same configuration as the determination circuit 13 shown in FIGS. Note that the polarization splitter 3, the reception circuit 5, the inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19a, and the determination circuit 17a
Alternatively, the polarization splitter 3, the receiving circuit 7, the inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19b, and the determination circuit 17b constitute a rainfall determination circuit.

In this transmission output control device, the transmission waves by the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization are received from the antenna 1 and further separated by the polarization splitter 3 into a vertical polarization component and a horizontal polarization component. . These components are supplied to the inter-polarization interference compensating circuits 19a and 19b via the receiving circuits 5 and 7, respectively. In the receiving circuits 5 and 7, the reception levels of those components are detected as AGC monitor voltages.

The inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19a is controlled so as to compensate for the amount of interference due to leakage from the horizontal polarization component. The inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19b is controlled so as to compensate for the amount of interference due to leakage from the vertically polarized wave component. Further, the amount of interference due to these leaks increases as the plane of polarization tilts due to rainfall. Accordingly, the amount of change in the control information can represent the amount of rain attenuation as in the case of the polarization angle controller 13 shown in FIG.

The reception level of the vertical polarization component detected by the reception circuit 5 and the control information of the inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19a are input to the determination circuit 17a. In the determination circuit 17a, the deterioration amount of the reception input level is compared with a threshold value, and at the same time, it is determined whether or not the control information of the inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19a has changed. Then, when it is determined that the deterioration amount of the reception input level is larger than the threshold value and that there is a change in the control information,
It is determined that attenuation due to “rainfall” has occurred.

The reception level of the horizontal polarization component detected by the reception circuit 7 and the control information of the inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 19b are input to the determination circuit 17b. The operation of the determination circuit 17b is the same as that of the determination circuit 17a. When it is determined that the amount of deterioration of the reception input level is larger than the threshold value and that there is a change in the control information, attenuation due to “rainfall” occurs. Is determined.

When the determination circuit 17a determines that the rainfall has occurred, the control circuit 10a increases the transmission output of the transmission circuit 11a and performs transmission output control. Again,
The control amount of the transmission output can be determined from a predetermined amount or the received level deterioration amount. Also, the judgment circuit 17b
However, when it is determined that it is “rainfall”, the control circuit 10b increases the transmission output of the transmission circuit 11b and performs transmission output control. Also in this case, the control amount of the transmission output can be determined from a predetermined amount or the reception level deterioration amount.

As described above, also in the transmission output control apparatus according to the present invention, the transmission output is controlled only when the attenuation is caused by rainfall, so that the transmission output is erroneously increased even though there is no attenuation by rainfall. In addition, interference can be prevented. In the above-described first to third embodiments of the transmission output control apparatus according to the present invention, when the reception level of the own station deteriorates and the inclination of the polarization plane is detected in the opposing wireless station, the transmission of the own station is performed. Control the level. By this transmission output control, the reception level at the partner station increases. Therefore, if the operation of the transmission power control of the own station is performed faster than the operation of the partner station, the reception level is higher at the partner station, and the partner station does not perform the transmission output control, and the reception at the own station is not performed. Level degradation may not be improved.

Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the transmission output control method according to the present invention for solving this problem will be described. FIG. 11 shows a fourth example of the transmission output control method according to the present invention.
It is a figure explaining an Example. However, for convenience of explanation, only the transmitting unit is shown in the own station, and only the receiving unit is shown in the partner station. In this case, the configuration of the receiving unit in the partner station is based on the first embodiment shown in FIG.

First, when it is determined that rain attenuation has occurred in the own station, the attenuation of the variable attenuator 20 is reduced and the transmission output from the transmission circuit 11 is increased. At this time, the variable attenuator 20 carries the CONT information relating to the attenuation on the digital service channel (DSC) of the transmission signal, and transmits it to the partner station. The CONT information may be, for example, simply information indicating whether or not transmission output control is being performed, or a control amount of transmission output, an index indicating the control, or the like.

Next, the partner station identifies a transmission wave from the own station into a vertical polarization component and a horizontal polarization component, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Each component is supplied to the receiving circuit 5 'and the receiving circuit 7, and the receiving level is detected as an AGC monitor voltage. At this time, in the receiving circuit 5 ', the CONT information carried on the transmission wave in the own station is extracted, and this information is also supplied to the determination circuit 9'.

FIG. 12 shows a decision circuit 9 'shown in FIG.
3 is a detailed configuration diagram of FIG. The judgment circuit 9 'is obtained by adding subtracters 53 and 54 to the judgment circuit 9 shown in FIG. In the subtracters 53 and 54, the voltage specified by the CONT information is subtracted from the voltage indicating the reception level of the vertical polarization component and the horizontal polarization component.

For example, if the CONT information indicates the transmission output control amount of the own station, the value obtained by subtracting this is:
When the transmission power control is not performed in the own station, the reception level is received by the partner station. The partner station can determine “rain” based on this.

Accordingly, it is possible to accurately judge “rainfall” with respect to the attenuation of the propagation route for both of the two-way propagation routes. The fourth embodiment described above is based on the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, but is different from the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and the third embodiment shown in FIG. The present invention can be easily applied to the embodiments, and further modified examples within the scope of the present invention.

Further, in the above description of the embodiment, an example has been described in which the polarization plane of a radio wave is detected to determine rainfall. However, the transmission output control device according to the present invention is not limited to rainfall. For example, since the plane of polarization also changes depending on the presence of a duct (groove) or the surface of the sea, it is possible to determine the presence of such a thing, and if that attenuates radio waves,
It is also possible to compensate for the attenuation by transmission power control.

[0080]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. Any one of claims 1, 4, and 6
In the transmission power control method of the transmission output control apparatus or claim 1 5, wherein the section, wherein, to detect the amount of change with respect to time of non-rainfall wave polarization direction, when the variation amount is larger than the predetermined change amount It determines that it is raining and controls the transmission output based on the result.

As described above, the transmission output is controlled only when the attenuation is caused by the rain, by utilizing the fact that the polarization direction of the radio wave is changed by the rain. Increase and prevent interference with others. In the transmission output control device according to any one of claims 2, 3, and 5, or the transmission output control method according to claim 16, the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is detected. When the amount of decrease in the reception level of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is detected, and the amount of decrease is larger than a predetermined amount of decrease and the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is larger than the predetermined amount of change. Is determined to be rainy, and the transmission output is controlled based on the result.

Accordingly, it is possible to more accurately determine rainfall and detect the amount of attenuation of radio waves due to rainfall, so that appropriate transmission output control can be performed. Claim
8, 1 1, in 1 3 rainfall determination method of rainfall determination apparatus or claim 1 7, wherein according to any one of the, detects a change amount with respect to time of non-rainfall wave polarization direction, the amount of change Is larger than a predetermined change amount, it is determined that it is raining.

As described above, by utilizing the fact that the polarization direction of radio waves changes due to rainfall, rainfall can be accurately determined. This can prevent erroneous determination of rainfall due to a failure of the transmission device or the like. Claim 9 , 1
0, 1 2, in the 1 4 rainfall determination method of rainfall determination apparatus or claim 1 8, wherein according to any one of the, detects a change amount with respect to time of non-rainfall wave polarization direction, further the radio The amount of decrease in the reception level with respect to the time of non-rainfall is detected, and when the amount of decrease is greater than a predetermined amount of decrease and the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave with respect to the time of non-rainfall is greater than the predetermined amount of rainfall. Is determined. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately determine rainfall and to detect the attenuation of radio waves due to rainfall.

[0084] In claim 19 or 2 0 transmission output control method of the transmission output control apparatus or claim 2 1 or 2 wherein the wherein the control information of the transmission output is transferred to the partner station, also transferred from the remote station Upon receiving the transmitted control information of the transmission output, the rainfall determination means makes a determination in consideration of the control information. Therefore, the rain determination unit can determine the rainfall before the transmission output control is performed, and can perform accurate bidirectional transmission output control between the own station and the partner station.

[0085] In the transmission output control apparatus according to claim 2 3 wherein detects the polarization direction of the variation of the radio wave, and controls the transmission output on the basis of the amount of change. Therefore, not only rainfall,
When the polarization plane changes and the reception level is attenuated during the propagation route due to other factors, the attenuation of the reception level can be compensated by the transmission output control.

According to the transmission output control device of the twenty- fourth aspect , in addition to the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave, the amount of decrease in the reception level is detected, and the transmission output is controlled based on the detected amount. Therefore, since the amount of attenuation of the reception level can be accurately detected, accurate transmission output control can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an inclination of an electric field due to deformation of a raindrop.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a transmission output control device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration example of a determination circuit of a first embodiment of the transmission output control device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of the determination circuit shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a rainfall amount and a polarization identification amount.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between an AGC monitor voltage and a reception level.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the transmission output control device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration example of a determination circuit according to a second embodiment of the transmission output control device shown in FIG. 7;

9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the determination circuit shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a third embodiment of the transmission output control device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a fourth embodiment of the transmission output control method according to the present invention.

12 is a detailed configuration diagram of the determination circuit shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between interference of a microwave line and a rainfall region.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Antenna 3 Polarizer / demultiplexer 5, 5 ', 7 Receiving circuit 9, 9' Judgment circuit 10, 10a, 10b Control circuit 11, 11a, 11b Transmission circuit 13 Polarization angle controller 15 Control circuit 17 Judgment circuit 17a, 17b Judgment circuits 19a, 19b Inter-polarization interference compensation circuit 20 Variable attenuator 21, 22 A / D converter 31, 32, 33, 34 Memory 35 Clock oscillator 40 Switch 41, 42 AND gate 51, 52, 53, 54 Subtractor 61 , 62 comparator 63 ROM 64 OR gate

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-280420 (JP, A) JP-A-3-35175 (JP, A) JP-A-3-274922 (JP, A) JP-A-4-90639 (JP) JP-A-4-269685 (JP, A) JP-A-4-334130 (JP, A) JP-A-5-63622 (JP, A) JP-A-5-122102 (JP, A) 57-202147 (JP, A) JP-A-60-64539 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Application Hei 5-9050 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04B 1/02 -1/04 G01R 29/08 G01R 29/10 G01W 1/14

Claims (24)

(57) [Claims] 1. A transmission output control device for detecting a radio wave attenuation due to rainfall in a propagation route and controlling a transmission output, wherein a change amount in a polarization direction of the radio wave is detected to determine whether it is rainfall. Rain determination means, and control means for controlling transmission output based on the result of the rain determination means, wherein the rain determination means is a polarization splitter that splits into vertical polarization and other horizontal polarization. Means, a reception level detection means for detecting a reception level of the vertical polarization and a reception level of the horizontal polarization split by the polarization splitting means, and an amount of decrease in the reception level of the vertical polarization from the time of non-rainfall A
And a determining means for calculating an amount of decrease B of the reception level of the horizontal polarization from the time of non-rainfall, and judging rain if the amount of decrease A is greater than the amount of decrease B. Output control device. 2. The rainfall determining means further comprises means for detecting a reduction in the reception level of the radio wave, and determines whether or not it is rainfall based on the reduction in the reception level and the change in the polarization direction. The transmission output control device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining unit determines that the rainfall occurs when the amount of decrease A is greater than a predetermined amount of decrease and the amount of decrease A is greater than the amount of decrease B. Transmission output control device. 4. The rainfall determination means includes: a reception level detection means for detecting a reception level of the radio wave; and a control signal connected to an input of the reception level detection means to control the radio wave so as to maximize the reception level. A polarization angle control means for controlling the polarization angle of the control means, and a change amount of the control signal of the polarization angle control means from the time of non-rainfall is calculated, and when the change amount is larger than a predetermined change amount, it is determined that rainfall occurs. 2. The transmission output control device according to claim 1, further comprising a determination unit that performs the determination. 5. The determination means calculates an amount of decrease in the reception level from the time of non-rainfall, wherein the amount of decrease is greater than the predetermined amount of decrease and the change of the control signal of the polarization angle control means is changed. The transmission output control device according to claim 4, wherein when the amount is larger than the predetermined change amount, it is determined that rainfall occurs. 6. The rainfall determination means, a reception level detection means for detecting a reception level of the radio wave, and a control signal for controlling the transmission output by a control signal such that interference between polarizations of the radio wave is minimized. Inter-polarization interference compensating means for compensating for interference, calculating a change amount of the control signal of the inter-polarization interference compensation means from the time of non-rainfall, and determining the rainfall when the change amount is larger than a predetermined change amount The transmission output control device according to claim 1, comprising: 7. The determining means calculates an amount of decrease in the reception level from the time of non-rainfall, wherein the amount of decrease is larger than the predetermined amount of decrease and the change of the control signal of the inter-polarization interference compensation means. 7. The transmission output control device according to claim 6, wherein when the amount is larger than the predetermined change amount, it is determined that rainfall occurs. 8. A method for determining rainfall in a radio wave propagation route.
A rain determination device, which detects a change in the polarization direction of the radio wave to determine whether or not it is raining.
Rain determining means, wherein the rain determining means is a polarization demultiplexing means for demultiplexing into a vertically polarized wave and other horizontal polarized waves.
And a reception level of the vertically polarized wave split by the polarization splitting means.
Reception level detector that detects the reception level of
And the amount of decrease A of the reception level of the vertical polarization from the time of non-rainfall
And the amount of decrease in the reception level of the horizontal polarization from the time of non-rainfall
B is calculated, and if the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B,
Rainfall determination apparatus characterized by having a rainfall and determining means if. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rainfall determining means includes a reception level of the radio wave.
Means for detecting the amount of decrease in the bell,
Whether the rain falls due to the amount of bell drop and the amount of change in the polarization direction
9. The rainfall judgment according to claim 8, wherein the judgment is made.
Setting device. 10. The determining means determines that the amount of decrease A is a predetermined value.
Decrease the amount of decrease in magnitude KuKatsu the reduced amount A than the amount B of
If it is larger, it is determined that it is raining
Item 10. The rainfall determination device according to Item 9. Wherein said rain determination means receives the level detecting means for detecting a reception level of the radio wave
If the received record is connected to the input of the reception level detection means
The control signal is used to maximize the bell to maximize the bell.
Polarization angle control means for controlling a wave angle, and a change in a control signal of the polarization angle control means from the time of non-rainfall
Calculate the amount and the amount of change is larger than a predetermined amount of change
9. The rainfall determination device according to claim 8, further comprising a determination unit for determining rainfall. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the determining unit determines whether the reception level is non-conforming.
The amount of decrease from the time of rainfall is calculated, and the amount of decrease is the predetermined amount.
The control signal of the polarization angle control means being larger than the decrease amount.
Signal if the amount of change is greater than the predetermined amount of change.
The rainfall judgment according to claim 11, wherein it is determined to be rainy.
Setting device. Wherein said rain determination means receives the level detecting means for detecting a reception level of the radio wave
If, on the control signal so that cross-polarization interference of the radio waves is minimized
Inter-polarization interference compensating means for compensating the interference of the radio wave, and a change in the control signal of the inter-polarization interference compensating means from the time of non-rainfall.
And if the amount of change is greater than a predetermined amount of change,
Judgment means for judging rain if the rainfall occurs.
The rainfall determination device according to claim 8. 14. The receiving means according to claim 1 , wherein
The amount of decrease from the time of rainfall is calculated, and the amount of decrease is the predetermined amount.
Control of the inter-polarization interference compensation means larger than the amount of decrease
If the signal change is greater than the predetermined change
The rainfall according to claim 13, wherein the rainfall is determined.
Judgment device. 15.Radio wave attenuation due to rainfall in the propagation route
Is a transmission output control method for detecting transmission and controlling transmission output.
And the method comprises: (A) detecting the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave, (B) determining whether it is rainfall based on the change amount, (C) controlling the transmission output when it is determined to be rainy Step
Including the floor, The step (a) is divided into vertical polarization and other horizontal polarization.
And the received level of the split vertical polarized wave and the horizontal polarized wave.
Of the vertical polarization reception level.
The amount of reduction A from the time of rainfall and the reception level of the horizontal polarization
Calculating the amount of decrease B from the time of non-rainfall;  In the step (b), the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B.
It is a stage where it is determined that it is raining when it is heavy
Transmission output control method. 16. The step (a) comprises the step of receiving the radio wave.
Further comprising a step (a-1) of detecting an amount of decrease in the bell,
The step (b) includes the step of reducing the reception level and the polarization.
And determining whether or not it is raining based on the amount of change in direction.
16. The transmission output control method according to claim 15, wherein:
Law. 17.Judgment of rainfall in radio wave propagation route
A rainfall determination method, wherein the method includes: (A) detecting the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave, (B) determining whether or not it is rainfall based on the change amount;
Including The step (a) is divided into vertical polarization and other horizontal polarization.
And the received level of the split vertical polarized wave and the horizontal polarized wave.
Of the vertical polarization reception level.
The amount of reduction A from the time of rainfall and the reception level of the horizontal polarization
Calculating the amount of decrease B from the time of non-rainfall;  In the step (b), the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B.
It is a stage where it is determined that it is raining when it is heavy
Rainfall determination method. 18. The step (a) comprises receiving the radio wave.
Further comprising a step (a-1) of detecting an amount of decrease in the bell,
The step (b) includes the step of reducing the reception level and the polarization.
And determining whether or not it is raining based on the amount of change in direction.
18. The rainfall determination method according to claim 17, wherein: 19. The transmission output control device according to claim 1, wherein
Further including a transmission means for transferring the control information to the partner station
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
Transmission output control device. 20. The transmission power control device according to claim 1, wherein
Further have a receiving means for receiving control information of the transmission output of
The rain determination means considers the control information and determines
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the setting is performed.
The transmission output control device according to claim 1. 21. A transmission power control method comprising the steps of :
The method may further include a step of transferring output control information to a partner station.
17. The transmission output control according to claim 15, wherein
Method. 22. The transmission power control method according to claim 22, wherein (a-2)
Receives transmission power control information from the partner station and
Correcting the reception level of these radio waves with the control information.
17. The method according to claim 15, further comprising:
Transmission output control method. 23.By detecting the attenuation of the radio wave in the propagation route
A transmission output control device that controls transmission output, Detecting means for detecting the amount of change in the polarization direction of the radio wave, Control means for controlling transmission output based on the amount of change.
Have The detection means, Polarization and demultiplexing means for demultiplexing into vertically polarized waves and other horizontally polarized waves
When, The reception level of the vertically polarized wave split by the polarization splitting means.
Reception level detector that detects the reception level of
Steps and The amount of decrease A in the reception level of the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization
And a decrease amount calculating means for calculating the decrease amount B of the reception level of
Have  The determining means determines that the reduction amount A is larger than the reduction amount B.
Controlling the transmission output when the
Output control device. 24. The receiving means according to claim 21, wherein
Means for detecting the amount of decrease in
Is the amount of decrease in the reception level and the amount of change in the polarization direction.
The transmission power is controlled based on
20. The transmission output control device according to 19.