JP3316922B2 - Variable displacement compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable displacement compressor mainly used for a refrigeration system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a compressor which converts a rotational swing of a swash plate into a reciprocating motion of a piston, and further changes a piston stroke, that is, a discharge capacity, through a tilt displacement of the swash plate. I have. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-21546
In the oscillating plate type compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-90, a cylindrical sleeve is loosely fitted on a drive shaft, and pivot pins provided on both left and right sides of the sleeve are fitted into the rotating swash plate to form the rotating swash plate. The rotary swash plate is pivotally supported so as to be tiltable, and is further connected to a rotor fixed to the drive shaft via a hinge mechanism. An oscillating plate whose rotation is restrained is fitted to the cylindrical portion of the rotary swash plate so as to be relatively rotatable, and the oscillating plate is connected to each piston via a connecting rod.

On the other hand, in a swash plate type compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-175783, a spherical sleeve (bush) is loosely fitted to a drive shaft, and the spherical portion of the spherical sleeve has a disk-shaped rotary oblique. The swash plate is fitted to the plate to support the swash plate in a tiltable manner. The swash plate is connected to a rotor fixed to a drive shaft via a hinge mechanism, and each piston is connected via at least a pair of shoes. Is directly linked to

[0004]

However, the pivoting means of the rotary swash plate employed in the above-mentioned compressor has a considerable amount of processing and assembly steps together with the sleeve and the two pins connected thereto. If this means is applied to the latter compressor which does not have a rocking plate, the rotary swash plate must be divided into two parts, inside and outside, because of the pin connection with the sleeve. In addition, the pivoting means employed in the latter compressor is required to perform any special processing required for spherical fitting of the rotating swash plate and the sleeve, and such spherical fitting is not limited to tilting of the rotating swash plate. Therefore, the moment acting on the rotary swash plate based on the compression reaction force is received by the hinge mechanism, and the hinge mechanism is naturally required to be large.

An object of the present invention is to provide a pivotal swash plate pivoting means which is extremely simple to process and assemble and does not increase the load on a hinge mechanism. It is.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a crank chamber, a drive shaft extending in the crank chamber and rotatably supported, and a rotor fixed to the drive shaft. is tiltably pivotally supported via a slidably fitted to the sleeves on the drive shaft, and through the hinge mechanism該Ro - a rotating swash plate which is connected to the motor, is linked to the swashplate A plurality of pistons that move directly in each bore based on the rotational swing thereof, a suction chamber that supplies fluid into the bore, and a discharge chamber where fluid compressed in the bore is discharged, Variable displacement compression configured to adjust the pressure difference between the suction chamber pressure and the crank chamber pressure, and to vary the volume of the fluid taken into the bore by the tilt displacement of the rotary swash plate accompanied by the axial sliding of the sleeve. Machine, the above sleeve is formed on its upper surface
Bearing element with a curved surface and a spherical surface
The rotating swash plate is in sliding contact with the curved surface of the sleeve.
An inner bottom wall having a top wall and a spherical seat that is in sliding contact with the bearing element;
The drive shaft is provided between the curved surface of the sleeve and the bearing element.
The inner top wall and the inner bottom of the rotary swash plate which are relatively fitted to each other.
A novel technical means is adopted which is configured to pivotally support the rotary swash plate by the spherical seat of the wall .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bearing element is a sphere held by a spherical seat formed in a sleeve, and in another embodiment, a hemispheric shoe held by a counterbore formed in the sleeve. It is. Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary swash plate is fitted to the sleeve by a distribution surface parallel to a movement trajectory surface of the bending line.

[0008]

Therefore, the pivoting of the rotary swash plate is performed by only two members, the sleeve and the bearing element, which greatly simplifies the processing and assembly as compared with the conventional cylindrical sleeve or spherical sleeve, and in particular, the pivot pin. Since the swash plate is not of the bearing type, a swash plate having a single structure may be used, and the play of the swash plate can be skillfully restricted by flat fitting with the sleeve.

[0009]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
It will be described based on. In the figure, a front housing 2 is connected to a front end of a cylinder block 1 serving as a main body of the compressor, and a rear housing 3 is connected to a rear end via a valve plate 4. In a crank chamber 5 formed by the cylinder block 1 and the front housing 2, a drive shaft 6 interlocked with an engine (not shown) is housed. The drive shaft 6 is rotatably supported by bearings 7 and 8. . The cylinder block 1 is provided with a plurality of bores 9 arranged in parallel around the drive shaft 6.
Are fitted with pistons 10, respectively.

A rotor 11 cooperating with the drive shaft 6 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 6 in the crank chamber 5, and a substantially rectangular sleeve 12 is slidably fitted. A coil spring 13 is interposed between the rotor 11 and the sleeve 12 to urge the sleeve 12 rearward. The sleeve 12 has a rotating swash plate 14 fitted through a sphere 30. It is pivotally pivoted. In addition,
When the coil spring 13 shown in FIG. 1 is in the most contracted state, the regulating surface inclined to the lower rear surface of the rotary swash plate 14 is
1, the maximum inclination angle of the rotary swash plate 14 is regulated. The piston 9 is moored to the disk surface formed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary swash plate 14 via hemispherical shoes 15, 15. On the other hand, the rotor 11
An arm 16 that constitutes a hinge mechanism protrudes rearward from the outer peripheral edge of the arm. A guide pin 18 extending from an articulating portion 19 of the rotary swash plate 14 is provided at the tip of the arm 16. It is slidably inserted through a spherical split bush 17.

The interior of the rear housing 3 is partitioned by a partition into a suction chamber 20 and a discharge chamber 21, and a suction port 22 and a discharge port 23 are formed in the valve plate 4 so as to correspond to the respective bores 9. A suction valve 22 and a discharge port 23 are opened and closed by a suction valve and a discharge valve 24 (not shown) in accordance with the reciprocating motion of the piston 10, and a control valve for adjusting the pressure of the crank chamber 5 is provided in the rear housing 3. , But detailed illustration and description thereof are omitted.

2 and 3 which relate to a spherical body 30 (bearing element according to the present invention) which cooperates with the rotary swash plate 14 and the sleeve 12 and pivotally supports the rotary swash plate 14, which is the most characteristic configuration of the present invention. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the rotary swash plate 14 coupled to the sleeve 12 has a tilt angle of zero degree, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view cut along the axis including the bending line L shown in FIG. The cross section itself in FIG. 3 represents the movement locus plane of the bending line L according to the present invention.

As can be understood from the drawing, the spherical body 30 is formed on the inner bottom wall of the rotary swash plate 14 and has a spherical seat 14a having a center on the bending line L and an equal diameter formed on the bottom surface of the sleeve 12. Of the sleeve 1
2 has a curved surface 12b defined by a distance r from the center of the spherical seat 14a to the inner top wall of the rotary swash plate 14 as a radius r.
Is formed. At least the first half of the inner bottom wall and the inner top wall is greatly expanded to allow the sleeve 12 to be attached and detached.
b and 14b are distribution surfaces parallel to the movement trajectory surface of the bending line L, and are fitted to both outer surfaces of the opposing sleeve 12.

The first embodiment is constructed as described above, and the rotary swash plate 14 and the sleeve 12 are assembled by placing the sphere 30 on the spherical seat 14a of the rotary swash plate 14 in advance, After fitting the spherical seat 12a of the sleeve 12 tilted along the expanded inner bottom wall of the plate 14 to the spherical body 30,
This can be achieved extremely easily by reversing the sphere 30 around (FIG. 3). Also, when the spherical seat 14a is machined, the cutting tool can be easily inserted by adding a relief groove 14c or the like. It is. Further, in the present embodiment, the inner side walls 14b, 14b
Are fitted to both outer surfaces of the opposing sleeve 12 to restrict the play thereof, and this fitting effectively receives the moment acting on the rotary swash plate 14 based on the compression reaction force. The hinge mechanism composed of the guide pin 18 and the like can be implemented with a very simple configuration unevenly distributed on only one side (FIG. 2).

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a hemispherical shoe 31 is used as a bearing element, and the hemispherical shoe 31 is formed on the inner bottom wall of the rotary swash plate 14A and has a spherical seat 14d having a center on the bending line L.
The structure is basically the same as that of the first embodiment except that it is held by a counterbore 12c formed in the bottom surface of the sleeve 12A. As a result, the workability for forming the spherical seat 14d can be improved by that much.

In the above embodiment, the spherical seats 14a, 1a
Although the mode in which 4d has a center on the bending line L of the rotary swash plates 14, 14A has been described, it is not necessarily limited to this, and it is added that the mode is selected depending on the combination with the hinge mechanism. .

[0017]

As described in detail above, the present invention has the configuration described in the claims, and therefore has the following excellent effects. (1) The number of parts is smaller than that of the conventional cylindrical sleeve type, and the processing and assembly are much easier than the spherical sleeve type.

(2) The rotary swash plate can be applied to a swash plate type compressor without being divided into two members. (3) Since the rotating swash plate and the sleeve can be fitted with a distribution surface parallel to the movement trajectory surface of the bending line of the rotating swash plate, simplification of the hinge mechanism can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the entire volume of a variable displacement compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which a rotary swash plate and a sleeve are connected.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line L in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line L similar to FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 is a drive shaft, 10 is a piston, 11 is a rotor, 12.1
2A is a sleeve, 14 and 14A are rotary swash plates, 14a and 1
4d is a spherical seat, 30 is a sphere, and 31 is a hemispheric shoe.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-302187 (JP, A) JP-A-6-249143 (JP, A) JP-A-62-147055 (JP, A) JP-A-5-205 99137 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F04B 27/08-27/22 F04B 39/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A crank chamber, a drive shaft extending in the crank chamber and rotatably supported, a rotor fixed to the drive shaft, and a three-slidably fitted to the drive shaft. is tiltably pivotally supported by through <br/> the blanking and該Ro via a hinge mechanism - a rotating swash plate which is connected to the motor, is linked to the swashplate,
A plurality of pistons that move linearly in each bore based on the rotational swing, a suction chamber that supplies fluid into the bore, and a discharge chamber that discharges fluid compressed in the bore; A variable displacement compressor configured to adjust a pressure difference between a chamber pressure and a crank chamber pressure and to vary a volume of the fluid taken into the bore by an inclination displacement of the rotary swash plate accompanied by an axial sliding of the sleeve. Wherein the sleeve has a curved surface formed on an upper surface thereof and a lower surface thereof.
A bearing element having a spherical surface provided on the rotating swash plate
Is an inner top wall that is in sliding contact with the curved surface of the sleeve, and the bearing element
It has an inner bottom wall with a spherical seat that is in sliding contact with the drive shaft.
Relative to the curved surface of the leave and the bearing element.
A variable displacement compressor characterized in that the rotary swash plate is pivotally supported by the inner top wall of the rotary swash plate and the spherical seat of the inner bottom wall . 2. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 1, wherein said bearing element is a sphere held by a spherical seat formed on said sleeve. 3. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 1, wherein said bearing element is a hemispherical shoe held by a counterbore formed in said sleeve. 4. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 1, wherein said rotary swash plate is fitted to said sleeve by a distribution surface parallel to a movement trajectory surface of the bending line.