JP3313869B2 - Explosion-proof bulb - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an explosion-proof bulb using a halogen bulb as an inner bulb.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Halogen lamps have a luminous efficiency of 25 to 30% or more better than conventional incandescent lamps.
Since the pressure inside the envelope can be higher than conventional incandescent bulbs,
It is well known that the service life is long.

However, as compared with the conventional incandescent lamp, the halogen lamp has a very small size of the envelope, for example, 2 cc, so that the filament sometimes deteriorates and hangs down when the filament comes into contact with the envelope. If the envelope ruptures due to rapid local overheating of the envelope and the glass shards scatter around with a bursting sound, or if the filament breaks and an arc discharge occurs in the broken part, the internal filling gas will suddenly increase. There is a problem that the envelope ruptures and the glass shards splatter together with the burst sound.

On the other hand, the conventional incandescent light bulb has a size as large as 150 cc as compared with the halogen light bulb and the internal pressure during lighting is not much different from the atmospheric pressure. Even when the envelope does not burst, there is no such thing as a popping sound,
Also, there is no rupture due to arc discharge when cutting the filament. Therefore, in order to adopt a halogen bulb as a substitute for a conventional incandescent bulb, first, it is necessary to solve the problem of explosion and the problem of plosive sound.

Further, as described above, the halogen bulb is smaller in size than the conventional incandescent bulb, and the base used is usually of the E11 type, and is directly connected to a household outlet (E27 or E26 type). In addition to the problem of use that cannot be screwed in, in order to use a halogen bulb as a substitute for a conventional incandescent lamp, it is necessary to make the shape of the familiar incandescent lamp itself or a shape similar thereto, Current halogen bulbs are significantly smaller than conventional incandescent bulbs, and there is a customary problem on the consumer side that makes ordinary consumers feel uncomfortable. In addition, when quartz glass is used for the envelope, if the envelope is directly touched by hand, NaCl on the hand adheres to the envelope, causing devitrification of the envelope. Some were very difficult to use at home. Therefore,
It has been considered that the use of a halogen bulb for home use causes various problems with conventional shapes and materials.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such conventional disadvantages, and an object of the present invention is to provide a halogen lamp as a substitute for a conventional incandescent lamp even in ordinary households. In order to be able to use it safely, to ensure that it has the same shape as conventional incandescent bulbs, its usage is equivalent to conventional incandescent bulbs,
Examples of such measures include reducing the surface temperature of the bulb as much as possible, completely implementing explosion-proof measures for the halogen bulb used as the inner bulb, and minimizing the explosion sound of the halogen bulb. That is, the present invention provides a new and innovative next-generation halogen lamp that combines the features of a halogen lamp with the simplicity and familiarity of a conventional incandescent lamp.

[0007]

The basic type of the explosion-proof light bulb of the present invention is as follows: (a) a halogen bulb (1) used as an inner bulb; and (b) a halogen bulb (1). 1) to store the inside or inside and outside
Anti爆層(8) is formed on the surface, and the outer bulb (7) whose interior is decompressed, (c) the outer bulb (7) die mounted to the open end (9)
It is characterized by being composed of

[0008] An application example of claim 1 is that, as set forth in claim 2, (a) a halogen bulb (1) used as an inner bulb, and (b) a housing containing the halogen bulb (1), And outside
Anti爆層(8) is formed on the surface, and the outer bulb (7) whose interior is decompressed, (c) the outer bulb (7) die mounted to the open end (9)
And (d) a fuse installed in the current path (P) of the halogen bulb (1)
(18).

During long-time use, the filament (2) deteriorates and possibly sags, comes into contact with the envelope (17), and the contact portion of the envelope (17) is rapidly heated. If the envelope (17) ruptures or the pinch seal (3)
In addition, residual distortion due to insufficient annealing around the chip and residual distortion due to insufficient annealing of the chip tube (17a) or its surroundings are promoted by turning on and off the halogen bulb (1), and finally the pinch seal portion (3) and the chip If the envelope (17) ruptures due to cracks in the tube (17a) or its surroundings, or if the filament (2) breaks, an arc discharge will occur in the broken part, and the sealed gas in the envelope (17) will be discharged. May rapidly expand and cause the envelope (17) to burst.

In this case, since the pressure inside the outer valve (7) is reduced, the propagation medium hardly exists in the outer valve (7). Accordingly, even if the envelope (17) ruptures, the explosion sound of the envelope (17) is not transmitted due to the absence of the propagation medium, and accordingly, the halogen bulb (1) housed in the outer bulb (7) is not transmitted. The plosive sound of the envelope (17) of () is reduced to a level that is hardly noticeable.

Further, by reducing the pressure inside the outer bulb (7), there is almost no heat transfer by convection from the halogen bulb (1) to the outer bulb (7).
The temperature rise is only radiant heat, and the surface temperature of the outer valve (7) can be low and the whole can be soaked even with the same wattage as the convection is small. Accordingly, even if the resin for forming the explosion-proof layer (8) is applied to the outer valve (7), for example, a partial high-temperature portion does not occur, so that a partial deterioration of the resin can be suppressed.

Further, as shown in a modified example, the relay code (1
By inserting a fuse (18) in the middle of the current path (P) such as 1), it is possible to prevent the halogen lamp (1) from exploding due to arc discharge that may occur when the filament (2) is cut. it can. The explosion-proof bulb according to the present invention, in addition to these advantages, uses the same base (9) as the conventional incandescent bulb, and the outer bulb (7) has almost the same shape as the conventional incandescent bulb. Halogen lamps can be used for home use as an alternative to conventional incandescent lamps because they do not give a sense of discomfort to the user.

[0013]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an explosion-proof bulb according to the present invention. The explosion-proof bulb of the present invention is mainly
It consists of a halogen bulb (1), an outer bulb (7) and a base (9). The halogen bulb (1) is used as an inner bulb, and the pinch seal (3) of the envelope (17)
A lead rod (4) is erected inside the envelope (17), and a filament (2) is erected at the tip thereof. The enclosure (17) contains various kinds of filling gas including xenon gas or krypton gas, and its filling pressure is 3 to 5 atm. Also, H ₂ O, O ₂ , OH in the inner valve
Removes radicals, prevents so-called water cycle, reduces sag of filament (2)
In order to extend the life of (1), getters such as tantalum, nickel, and aluminum may be encapsulated as necessary.

As the envelope (17), hard glass, quartz glass or the like is selected according to its use. In this embodiment, hard glass is used for cost reduction. Envelope (1
If 7) is hard glass, molybdenum lead rod (4)
And the expansion coefficient are almost equal, so the pinch seal part of the halogen bulb (1) can be directly used without using molybdenum metal foil.
The lead rod (4) can be inserted into (3). Envelope (17)
In the case of quartz glass, although not shown, a molybdenum metal foil is embedded in a pinch seal portion, and an internal lead rod and an external lead rod are connected via the molybdenum metal foil, and the external lead rod is It will be led out from the pinch seal part (3).

The outer bulb (7) has the same shape as or similar to a conventional incandescent lamp, and has an explosion-proof layer (8) formed only on the inner surface or only on the outer surface or on both the inner and outer surfaces. Explosion-proof layer (8)
Is heat-resistant, translucent, such as Teflon resin and silicone resin,
It is made of a material with excellent tensile strength. Of course, the capacity of the outer valve (7) is not limited to this, but usually a capacity of about 150 to 140 cc is used. The material of the outer valve (7) is not particularly limited, but quartz glass, hard glass, soda glass, or the like is used. Hard glass and soda glass are preferable in terms of cost.

When an explosion-proof layer (8) is formed on the outer periphery of the outer valve (7), a resin (for example, Teflon resin or silicone resin) for forming the explosion-proof layer (8) is applied to the outside of the finished product. When the resin for forming the explosion-proof layer (8) is applied to the inner surface of the outer valve (7), for example, Teflon resin powder or silicon resin powder is applied to the outer valve (7) by a method such as electrostatic painting.
And the attached Teflon resin powder or silicon resin powder on the inner surface of the opening is wiped off, and then the outer valve (7) is fired. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the stem (10) is heated to incandescent temperature, and an explosion-proof layer (8) made of Teflon resin or silicone resin is formed on the inner surface of the outer valve (7) except for the opening portion of the softened and connected outer valve (7). Will be done.

The thickness of the explosion-proof layer (8) cannot be determined unconditionally depending on the size of the halogen bulb (1), power consumption and other conditions.
A thickness of 30 μm or more, usually 300 μm, is sufficient. The volume of the outer bulb (7) is usually about 30 to 90 times or more of the volume of the halogen bulb (1). (For example, the volume of the halogen bulb (1) is 2 cc and the volume of the outer bulb (7) is 150 cc.) The explosion-proof layer (8) can be transparent or translucent, and can be colored in any color. You can do it. Thereby, the color of the light coming out of the outer bulb (7) can be freely changed. The material used for the explosion-proof layer (8) is rich in elasticity, strong and resistant to tearing. Actually, as described above, Teflon resin or silicone resin is used, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this.

A stem (10) is hermetically fused to the open end of the outer valve (7), and each of the upper projecting ends of a pair of relay cords (11) embedded in the stem (10). The lead rod (4) of the halogen bulb (1) is connected by welding. Of course, the embedded portion of the relay cord (11) is pressed by the stem (10) so as to maintain an airtight state. Relay cord (11)
Generally, a Dumet wire having an expansion coefficient substantially equal to that of the stem (10) is used. An exhaust hole is formed in the stem (10), and an exhaust pipe (15) projecting from a lower end of the stem (10) is connected to the exhaust hole.

The base 9 is E26, E27 or the like used for a conventional incandescent lamp, and has a shape that can be screwed into a conventional outlet. This base (9) is adhered to the open end of the outer bulb (7) with an adhesive (14), and is used for a halogen bulb.
(1) is fixed so as to be located at the center of the inside of the outer valve (7). Of course, it is also possible to use a bayonet-type base. One end of the relay cord (11) derived from the lower end of the stem (10) is connected to the center electrode (13) of the base (9) (= usually referred to as an eyelet), and the other is soldered to the base (9). Have been. An insulator (12) is filled in a lower end portion inside the base (9), and electrically separates the center electrode (13) and the base (9).

A fuse (18) is provided in the middle of the relay cord (11) which constitutes a part of the current path (P).
If a voltage higher than the withstand voltage is applied to the filament (2), the fuse (18) breaks before the filament (2) breaks, basically preventing the halogen bulb (A) from bursting. I have.

The method for reducing the pressure in the outer valve (7) is as follows.
The exhaust pipe (15) provided in (10) is connected to an exhaust facility (not shown) such as a vacuum pump, the pressure is reduced to a predetermined pressure, and then the exhaust pipe (15) is closed. This allows the outer valve
The inside of (7) is kept in a reduced pressure state. Although not limited to this, the pressure is reduced to, for example, 0.3 atm or less.

The base of the explosion-proof bulb configured as described above.
When (9) is screwed into a household outlet and the switch is turned on, the filament (2) lights up. The halogen bulb (1) has an efficiency of 25 to 30% better than that of an incandescent bulb.
(1) is equivalent. Thereby, energy saving can be achieved.

The pressure inside the envelope 17 of the halogen bulb 1 is as high as 3 to 5 atm as described above (the pressure inside the envelope of the conventional incandescent bulb is 0.8 atm). Degree), and therefore, the evaporation of the filament (2) during the halogen cycle can be suppressed, and the life can be extended by an average of about twice.

During a long period of use, as described above, the filament (2) sometimes deteriorates and hangs down, and comes into extremely close contact with or comes into contact with the envelope. If the envelope (17) bursts due to sudden overheating, or if the pinch seal
(3) Residual distortion due to insufficient annealing of the tip tube (17a) and its vicinity is promoted by turning on and off the halogen bulb (1), and the pinch seal portion (3) and the tip tube (17a) and its vicinity are If the envelope (17) ruptures due to cracks, or if the filament (2) breaks, an arc discharge will occur in the broken part, causing the gas inside the envelope (17) to expand rapidly and cause thermal expansion. The enclosure (17) may burst. If the envelope (17) of the halogen lamp (1) ruptures due to residual strain due to insufficient annealing of the pinch seal portion (3), the tip tube (17a) and the vicinity thereof, the inside of the envelope (17) Cracks and explosions occur before the gas pressure of the gas becomes so large that the explosive power is relatively small.
The probability of leading to the chain rupture in (7) is small.

However, fragments of the envelope (17) may be scattered by the rupture and collide with the outer valve (7) to damage the outer valve (7). In this case, the explosion-proof layer (8) integrally layered on the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the outer bulb (7) can prevent the glass fragments in the outer bulb (7) from scattering around. In addition, the explosion-proof layer (8) applied to the ulta valve (7) is not broken, so that no sound is generated.

Next, as shown in a modification of the present invention, when a fuse (18) is provided in the relay cord (11),
The operation and effect of (18) will be described. As described above, the arc discharge caused by the breaking of the filament (2) occurs in the envelope (17), and if this continues, the gas in the envelope (17) thermally expands, and the gas pressure becomes several tens atmospheres. And reaches nearly the pressure resistance of the envelope (17). As described above, the envelope (17) has a tip tube (1
There is a weak point portion having distortion, such as 7a) and the pinch seal portion (3). Therefore, it is conceivable that the envelope (17) cannot withstand the increase in gas pressure due to the inflation gas and the envelope (17) ruptures.
When the filament (2) evaporates and disappears, an arc discharge occurs, and the resistance value becomes almost zero, so that a large current flows in the envelope (17) of the halogen lamp (1). This large current is applied to the fuse (1
As described above, the fuse (18) is blown and cut off before the gas pressure in the envelope (17) rises above the withstand pressure as described above. That is, the fuse (18) prevents the envelope (17) from being ruptured due to sustained arc discharge.

However, since the blowing of the fuse (18) is not an electrical phenomenon but a physical phenomenon, it takes a little time. Therefore, the halogen bulb (1) may explode before the fuse (18) is blown. In this case, even if the outer bulb (7) ruptures in a chain due to the rupture of the halogen bulb (1), the explosion-proof layer (8) prevents the shards of the outer bulb (7) from scattering around. You.
Also in this case, the explosion sound does not occur for the above-mentioned reason. Here, when an explosion-proof layer (8) is formed on the inner periphery of the outer bulb (7), it is preferable because the explosion-proof layer (8) can absorb the impact of the rupture of the halogen bulb (1), and the outer bulb (8) is preferable. When the explosion-proof layer (8) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of (7), the broken outer valve (7) adheres to the explosion-proof layer (8) and does not scatter. Therefore, it is preferable to form the explosion-proof layer (8) inside and outside the outer valve (7) in order to protect the outer valve (7). still,
When resin is applied to the inner peripheral side, it may be formed only on the spherical portion.

By evacuating the inside of the outer bulb (7), the transfer of heat by convection from the halogen bulb (1) to the outer bulb (7) is inhibited, the outer bulb (7) is evenly heated, and the explosion-proof layer ( 8) Not only can it prevent the resin from partially deteriorating, but also because there is no abnormally high temperature range,
There is an advantage that the range of choice of resin is expanded. It is also possible to change the type of resin for internal and external use, use resin with excellent impact resistance for internal use, and use resin with excellent adhesiveness to the outer valve (7) for external use. And explosion-proof layer
(8) may be made into two layers, the layer to be adhered to the outer valve (7) may be made of a resin having excellent adhesiveness, and the outer surface side may be made of a resin having excellent impact resistance.

<< Experimental Example 1 >> A hard gas was used as the inner valve.
Use a 120V, 42W halogen bulb from Las
The water valve was made of hard glass and made 150 cc. rupture
In the experiment, a voltage of about 200 V was applied to
Explosion-proof, explosion-proof layer effect, outer valve volume and burst shape
The situation was observed. The resin that forms the explosion-proof layer is silicone resin
used. Silicon resin film thicknessThickness (μm) Fragment of outer valve fragments scattered Yes = × No = 10 x 20x 30 ○ (minimum film thickness limit) 40 ○ ::: 300 or more ○ (Generally used film thickness = 300 μm)   Barometric pressure in outer valveAtmospheric pressure Outer valve rupture presence Bursting sound Yes = No No = Yes 0.3 ○ ○ 0.4 ○ ○ 0.5 ○ ○ 0.6 × × 0.7 × × 0.8 × × 1.0 × ×

<Experimental Example 2> Next, an experimental example on the relationship between the break of the filament (2) and the arc discharge and the effect of the fuse (18) installed in the current path (P) will be described below.
When the filament (2) is broken, an arc discharge is likely to occur in the broken portion as described above. When an arc discharge occurs, an excessive current flows in the portion (accordingly, the power supply voltage sharply drops), and the portion is rapidly heated to generate tungsten vapor. The filament (2) evaporates gradually due to the arc discharge, and a stable arc or glow discharge continues in the envelope (17). As a result, the gas temperature in the envelope (17) rises, and eventually, the envelope (17) ruptures.
The time from the breaking of the filament (2) to the rupture of the envelope (17) is not constant, but is about 1.5 seconds. The results of this experiment will be described later.

If the fuse (18) is provided in the current path (P), the fuse (18) is melted and damaged almost at the same time as the occurrence of the excessive current due to the arc discharge, and the fuse (18) is damaged before the rupture of the envelope (17). Arc extinction occurs due to the stop of energization, and the rupture of the envelope (17) is prevented beforehand, which is very safe. In addition, fuse (1
If the envelope (17) ruptures before the fusing of (8), there is a partial weakness as described above, which causes rupture, so its explosive power is relatively small, The probability of chain rupture of the outer valve (7) is small. In the unlikely event that the outer valve (7) ruptures in a chain, the explosion-proof layer (8) prevents the fragments of the outer valve (7) from scattering and the plosive sound from leaking outside with a high probability.

A halogen lamp (A) of 130 V, 50 W, 0.4 A was vertically mounted, and a voltage twice the rated value (260
V) was applied, and changes in current / voltage waveforms and conditions in the envelope (17) until rupture were observed. (Because the halogen lamps used for the voltage test and the current test are naturally different, note that the variation is apparent in the experimental results.)

When a voltage that is twice the rated value is applied, a first inrush current that is about eight times the normal current value appears, and then a second inrush current that appears about twice the normal current value. An inrush current appears as 4, for example. The time during this period is about 0.0
5 seconds. Subsequently, the filament (2) is melted, a partial arc is generated, and the evaporation of tungsten starts.
As a result, the current value rises sharply. Thereafter, the above-described change in the envelope (17) leads to rupture. Therefore, the time from the start of application to the rupture was only 0.15 seconds in the case of this sample. (In another sample, the duration of the arc before rupture was 0.9 seconds.)

On the other hand, looking at the voltage waveform, the filament (2) having a voltage of 260√2 V as a voltage effective value from the start of application
After a lapse of 0.07 seconds, the filament (2) was broken and a partial arc was observed. At this time, the voltage drops to an effective value of 150√2 V, and this state continues for 0.1 second. After that, the effective voltage value is 26 again.
After soaring to 0√2V, the voltage value drops to 0 and becomes 0.8
After continuing for a second, the envelope (17) ruptured. In this case, it takes 1.5 seconds from the start of application to the burst. On the other hand, since the fusing of the fuse (18) occurs in a short time as a result, it is understood that inserting the fuse (18) into the current path (P) is very effective as an explosion-proof measure.

Here, the experimental results in the case where the fuse (18) is actually inserted and the case where the fuse (18) is not used will be introduced. fuse
If no (18) is provided, the rupture will occur sooner or later in the above-mentioned condition.However, when a fuse (18) is inserted, the fuse is generally used in the first cycle of arc discharge. It was found that the arc was extinguished before the gas pressure in the envelope (17) soared due to the disconnection of (18), and the rupture of the envelope (1) was almost avoided.

As described above, the fuse (18) is
Inserting into (P) is very effective in explosion protection, but as mentioned above, it is expected that the fuse (18) will explode before melting. In this case, as described above,
Due to the function of the explosion-proof layer (8) formed integrally with (7),
Even if the outer valve (7) is damaged, it is possible to prevent the glass shards from scattering around, and there is no danger to the user.

[0037]

According to the present invention, the halogen bulb is used as the inner bulb, the inside of the outer bulb is decompressed, and the explosion-proof layer is formed on the inner surface and / or the outer surface. In addition to achieving energy saving, the feature of the halogen lamp that the brightness does not change until the end of its life is realized. (Conventional incandescent lamps become darker with the end of their life.) Should the halogen lamp explode, the plosive sound of the halogen bulb, which is the inner bulb, propagates to the outside due to the absence of the propagation medium in the outer bulb due to the reduced pressure. There is an advantage that it is not done. Even if debris due to the rupture of the halogen bulb collides with the outer bulb and breaks the outer bulb in a chain, due to the presence of the explosion-proof layer integrally formed on the outer bulb,
There is no shards of glass splattering around and consumers are not hurt by the shards of glass. In addition, since the explosion-proof layer is not broken, the enclosed gas does not leak, so that no explosion sound is generated when the outer valve ruptures. Further, when a fuse is provided in the current path, when an arc discharge occurs due to the breakage of the filament, the fuse is blown out at an early stage of the occurrence of the arc discharge to cause the arc to be extinguished, thereby preventing the halogen bulb from exploding. Can do things.
This means that safety is further ensured. If the halogen bulb ruptures before the fuse is blown, the explosion-proof layer performs its function. In addition, since the inside of the outer bulb is in a decompressed state, the heat transfer of the halogen bulb becomes only radiant heat, and the partial abnormal rise in temperature of the outer bulb is eliminated, and the temperature becomes uniform at a relatively low temperature. In addition, there is an advantage that the range of choice of the resin is widened, and at the same time, the chance of getting burned by touching the hand is reduced. The use of halogen bulbs can achieve energy savings, extend the life, etc., and use the same base as conventional incandescent bulbs, making it a very good replacement for conventional household incandescent bulbs. It has the advantage of being effective.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a halogen lamp according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the halogen lamp according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the halogen bulb according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1)… Halogen bulb (7)… Outer bulb (8)… Explosion-proof layer (9)… Base

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き The continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuya Shirai 703 Takamaru, Inaka, Himeji-shi, Himeji City Phenix Electric Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-3-295149 (JP, A) JP-A-4-212261 (JP, A) JP-A-5-166496 (JP, A) JP-A-2-177248 (JP, A) JP-A-61-103862 (JP, U) JP-A-45-9173 (JP, Y1) Table 1986-500391 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01K 1/32-1/34

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A halogen lamp used as an inner bulb, and an inner surface or an inner surface for accommodating the halogen lamp.
An explosion-proof light bulb comprising: an outer bulb having an explosion-proof layer formed on an outer surface thereof, the inside of which is decompressed; and a base attached to an open end of the outer bulb. 2. A halogen lamp used as an inner bulb, and an inner surface or an inner surface for accommodating the halogen lamp.
An explosion-proof structure, comprising an outer bulb with an explosion-proof layer formed on the outer surface , the inside of which is decompressed, a base attached to the open end of the outer bulb, and a fuse installed in the current path of the halogen bulb. Type light bulb. 3. The capacity of the outer valve is at least 30 times the capacity of the inner valve.
Or the explosion-proof bulb according to 2. 4. The explosion-proof bulb according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in the outer bulb is 0.5 atm or less. 5. The explosion-proof bulb according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof layer deposited on the outer bulb is 30 μm or more. 6. The explosion-proof layer is composed of two layers, the layer bonded to the outer bulb is made of a material having excellent affinity with glass, and the outer layer of the adhesive layer is made of a material having excellent impact resistance. The explosion-proof light bulb according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein 7. The explosion-proof bulb according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof layer is formed of a stretchable resin. 8. The explosion-proof bulb according to claim 7, wherein the elastic resin is a silicone resin. 9. The explosion-proof bulb according to claim 7, wherein the stretchable resin is a Teflon resin.