JP3312415B2 - Lithium-ion battery charger - Google Patents
Lithium-ion battery chargerInfo
- Publication number
- JP3312415B2 JP3312415B2 JP03342793A JP3342793A JP3312415B2 JP 3312415 B2 JP3312415 B2 JP 3312415B2 JP 03342793 A JP03342793 A JP 03342793A JP 3342793 A JP3342793 A JP 3342793A JP 3312415 B2 JP3312415 B2 JP 3312415B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- voltage
- battery
- circuit
- constant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、リチウムイオン蓄電池
で構成される二次電池を充電するのに使用するリチウム
イオン蓄電池用充電器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lithium ion storage battery.
Lithium is used to charge a secondary battery constructed in
The present invention relates to a battery charger for an ion storage battery .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】二次電池として、リチウムイオン蓄電池
と称されるものが近年開発されている。このリチウムイ
オン蓄電池は、正極と負極との間の電解液中でリチウム
イオンが移動することで充放電が行われるもので、従来
から二次電池として広く使用されているニッケル・カド
ミウム蓄電池に比べ、エネルギー密度が高い等の利点が
ある。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a secondary battery called a lithium ion storage battery has been developed. This lithium ion storage battery is charged and discharged by the movement of lithium ions in the electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, compared to nickel-cadmium storage batteries that have been widely used as secondary batteries in the past. There are advantages such as high energy density.
【０００３】ところで、このリチウムイオン蓄電池は、
図４に示す特性Ｘに従って充電する必要がある。即ち、
最初に定電流Ｉa の状態で電圧値を０から徐々に高くし
て、所定の電圧値Ｖa まで定電流充電を行い、この電圧
値Ｖa を越えてからは電圧値を徐々に高くすると共に電
流値を徐々に低くする定電力充電を行う。そして、この
定電力充電で電圧値がＶb になると、以後は電圧値をＶ
b で一定に維持させた状態で電流値を徐々に低くさせる
定電圧充電を行い、最終的に電流値を０にさせる。[0003] By the way, this lithium ion storage battery is
It is necessary to charge according to the characteristic X shown in FIG. That is,
First gradually increasing the voltage value from 0 in a state of constant current I a, a constant current charging to a predetermined voltage value V a, gradually increasing the voltage value from exceeding the voltage value V a At the same time, constant power charging for gradually lowering the current value is performed. When the voltage value in the constant power charging is V b, thereafter a voltage value V
While maintaining the constant at b , constant voltage charging is performed to gradually lower the current value, and finally the current value is reduced to zero.
【０００４】このように定電流充電→定電力充電→定電
圧充電と変化させて充電させるのは、リチウムイオン蓄
電池の場合電荷がどの程度残っているかでインピーダン
スが変化するためである。そして、このように充電する
場合において、特に定電力充電で充電させるための充電
回路として、従来例えば図５に示す回路が使用されてい
た。この図５に示す回路は、オペアンプを用いた加算回
路で構成される回路で、入力端子１に得られる電位Ｖ1
の信号を、抵抗器Ｒ11を介してオペアンプ３の反転側入
力端子に供給し、入力端子２に得られる電位Ｖ2 の信号
を、抵抗器Ｒ12，Ｒ13の直列回路を介してオペアンプ３
の出力端子に接続し、抵抗器Ｒ12と抵抗器Ｒ13との接続
中点をオペアンプ３の反転側入力端子に接続する。さら
に、オペアンプ３の非反転側入力端子を、抵抗器Ｒ14を
介して接地する。そして、オペアンプ３の出力端子に得
られる信号を、充電信号出力端子４からＶOUT として出
力させる。この場合、オペアンプ３には電源電圧＋Ｖcc
及び−Ｖccを供給する必要がある。[0004] The reason why the charging is performed by changing the constant current charging → the constant power charging → the constant voltage charging in this way is that in the case of a lithium ion storage battery, the impedance changes depending on how much charge remains. In such charging, a circuit shown in FIG. 5, for example, has conventionally been used as a charging circuit for charging with constant power. The circuit shown in FIG. 5 is a circuit composed of an adder circuit using an operational amplifier, and has a potential V 1 obtained at an input terminal 1.
The signals through the resistor R 11 is provided to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 3, a signal having a potential V 2 obtained at the input terminal 2, a resistor R 12, via a series circuit of R 13 operational amplifier 3
Connected to the output terminal, connecting a connection point between the resistor R 12 and the resistor R 13 to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 3. Furthermore, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 3 is grounded through a resistor R 14. Then, a signal obtained at the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3 is output from the charging signal output terminal 4 as V OUT . In this case, the operational amplifier 3 has the power supply voltage + Vcc
And -Vcc.
【０００５】このような回路による出力電圧特性ＶOUT
は、次式で示される。The output voltage characteristic V OUT by such a circuit
Is represented by the following equation.
【０００６】[0006]
【数１】 (Equation 1)
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、このような
オペアンプを使用した加算回路は、回路構成が複雑であ
ると共に、電源電圧＋Ｖcc及び−Ｖccが必要で、そのた
めの電源回路も必要であり、充電器の構成が複雑になる
不都合があった。However, an adder circuit using such an operational amplifier has a complicated circuit configuration, requires power supply voltages + Vcc and -Vcc, and requires a power supply circuit for that purpose. There was a problem that the configuration of the vessel was complicated.
【０００８】本発明はかかる点に鑑み、簡単な構成で良
好に定電力充電ができる充電器を提供することを目的と
する。In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a charger which can favorably perform constant power charging with a simple configuration.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、例えば図１に
示すように、電源回路の出力を定電流充電から定電力充
電に、該定電力充電から定電圧充電に変化させて、リチ
ウムイオン蓄電池で構成されるバッテリ１２を充電する
リチウムイオン蓄電池用充電器において、電源回路１１
の制御回路と、電源回路１１の出力電流を検出する第１
の抵抗Ｒ3 と、バッテリ１２の両端電圧を検出する分圧
抵抗としての第２，第３の抵抗Ｒ1 ，Ｒ2 とを設け、分
圧抵抗の接続中点で検出された電圧と、第１の抵抗Ｒ 3
で検出した電圧に基準電圧を加算した電圧とを比較し、
該比較結果に基づいて制御回路で電源回路１１の制御を
行い、定電力充電の際に、リチウムイオン蓄電池の充電
で必要な充電特性に近似するように、Ｖ0 Ｒ2 ／（Ｒ1
＋Ｒ2 ）＋Ｉ0 Ｒ3 ＝ＶRの式に基づいて制御を行うよ
うにしたものである。（Ｖ0 はバッテリの両端電圧、Ｖ
R は基準電圧、Ｉ0 はバッテリの充電電流、Ｒ1 及びＲ
2 は分圧抵抗としての第２及び第３の抵抗、Ｒ3 は第１
の抵抗）According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the output of a power supply circuit is changed from constant-current charging to constant-power charging, and from the constant-power charging to constant-voltage charging. In a lithium ion battery charger for charging a battery 12 composed of a storage battery, a power supply circuit 11
And a first circuit for detecting the output current of the power supply circuit 11.
The resistor R 3, the second as a voltage dividing resistor for detecting the voltage across the battery 12, and a third resistor R 1, R 2 provided, min
The voltage detected at the midpoint of the connection of the piezoresistor and the first resistor R 3
Comparison with the voltage obtained by adding the reference voltage to the voltage detected in
The control circuit controls the power supply circuit 11 based on the comparison result, and at the time of constant power charging, V 0 R 2 / (R 1) so as to approximate the charging characteristics required for charging the lithium ion storage battery.
+ R 2) + I is 0 R 3 = those to perform the control based on the equation of V R. (V 0 is the voltage across the battery, V
R is the reference voltage, I 0 is the charging current of the battery, R 1 and R
2 is the second and third resistors as voltage dividing resistors, and R 3 is the first
Resistance)
【００１０】[0010]
【００１１】[0011]
【００１２】[0012]
【作用】本発明の構成によると、定電力曲線にほぼ近似
した充電特性が、加算処理による簡単な回路で実現さ
れ、定電力充電による充電が良好に行える。According to the structure of the present invention, a charging characteristic approximately similar to a constant power curve is realized by a simple circuit by addition processing, and charging by constant power charging can be performed satisfactorily.
【００１３】この場合、リチウムイオン蓄電池の充電器
に適用することで、定電力充電を必要とするリチウムイ
オン蓄電池の充電が良好に行えるようになる。In this case, by applying the present invention to a charger for a lithium ion storage battery, the lithium ion storage battery requiring constant power charging can be favorably charged.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図１〜図３を参照
して説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
【００１５】図１は本例のバッテリ充電器の回路構成を
示す図で、図中１１は電源回路を示し、この電源回路１
１の正極及び負極の出力端子を蓄電池１２の正極及び負
極に接続し、電源回路１１の出力により蓄電池１２の充
電を行わせる。この場合、本例においては蓄電池１２と
してリチウムイオン蓄電池を使用する。また、この電源
回路１１は、安定化電源回路より構成され、出力電流Ｉ
0 及び出力電圧Ｖ0 の調整を行う制御回路（図示せず）
を有し、後述する誤差増幅器１３の出力により制御され
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of a battery charger according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a power supply circuit.
The output terminals of the positive and negative electrodes 1 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery 12, and the output of the power supply circuit 11 charges the storage battery 12. In this case, in this example, a lithium ion storage battery is used as the storage battery 12. The power supply circuit 11 is composed of a stabilized power supply circuit and has an output current I
Control circuit (not shown) for adjusting 0 and output voltage V 0
And is controlled by an output of an error amplifier 13 described later.
【００１６】そして、蓄電池１２の両極間に、分圧抵抗
器Ｒ1 ，Ｒ2 の直列回路を接続し、この抵抗器Ｒ1 と抵
抗器Ｒ2 の接続中点を、誤差増幅器１３の一方の入力側
に供給する。また、図中ＶR は基準電源を示し、この基
準電源ＶR の出力を、誤差増幅器１３の他方の入力側に
供給する。さらに、電源回路１１の負極側と蓄電池１２
の負極との間に、電力検出用抵抗器Ｒ3 を接続し、この
抵抗器Ｒ3 と電源回路１１の負極側との間に、基準電源
ＶR の負極側を接続する。A series circuit of voltage dividing resistors R 1 and R 2 is connected between both poles of the storage battery 12, and a connection point between the resistors R 1 and R 2 is connected to one end of the error amplifier 13. Supply to input side. In the drawings, V R indicates the reference power, the output of the reference power source V R, and supplies the other input of the error amplifier 13. Further, the negative side of the power supply circuit 11 and the storage battery 12
Between the negative electrode of, connect the power detection resistor R 3, between the negative electrode side of the resistor R 3 and the power supply circuit 11, to connect the negative side of the reference power supply V R.
【００１７】そして、誤差増幅器１３の出力電圧を、電
源回路１１の制御回路に帰還させ、電源回路１１の出力
を制御させる。Then, the output voltage of the error amplifier 13 is fed back to the control circuit of the power supply circuit 11 to control the output of the power supply circuit 11.
【００１８】このように構成されることで、ほぼ定電力
による蓄電池１２の充電が行える。この回路による充電
を説明すると、図２に示すように、蓄電池１２の両極１
２ａ，１２ｂ間に加わる電位（即ち充電電圧）をＶ0 と
し、抵抗器Ｒ1 ，Ｒ2 の中点１３ａと電源回路１１の負
極側との間の電位をＶS とし、各抵抗器Ｒ1 ，Ｒ2 ，Ｒ
3 の抵抗値をＲ1 ，Ｒ2 ，Ｒ3 とすると、抵抗器Ｒ1 ，
Ｒ2 に流れる電流が充電電流Ｉ0 に比べて十分に小さい
とすると、電位ＶS は次式で示される。With this configuration, the storage battery 12 can be charged with substantially constant power. The charging by this circuit will be described. As shown in FIG.
The potential (ie, the charging voltage) applied between 2a and 12b is V 0 , the potential between the midpoint 13a of the resistors R 1 and R 2 and the negative side of the power supply circuit 11 is V S, and each resistor R 1 , R 2 , R
3 of the resistance value when the R 1, R 2, R 3, resistors R 1,
Assuming that the current flowing through R 2 is sufficiently smaller than the charging current I 0 , the potential V S is expressed by the following equation.
【００１９】[0019]
【数２】ＶS ＝Ｖ0 Ｒ2 ／（Ｒ1 ＋Ｒ2 ）＋Ｉ0 Ｒ3 V S = V 0 R 2 / (R 1 + R 2 ) + I 0 R 3
【００２０】このようにして得られる電位ＶS は、充電
電圧Ｖ0 と充電電流Ｉ0 の検出電圧（Ｉ0 Ｒ3 ）との加
算値になる。ここで、図１の実際の回路に戻ると、この
電位ＶS を誤差増幅器１３に入力させて、ＶS ＝ＶR と
なるように電源回路１１の制御回路に帰還をかけること
で、出力電流の増加に大して出力電圧が直線的に減少す
る図３の直線ａで示される充電特性が得られる。この本
例の充電回路の充電特性を数式で示すと、次式のように
なる。The potential V S obtained in this manner is the sum of the charging voltage V 0 and the detection voltage (I 0 R 3 ) of the charging current I 0 . Here, when returning to the actual circuit of FIG. 1, this potential V S is input to the error amplifier 13 and the control circuit of the power supply circuit 11 is fed back so that V S = V R. The charging characteristic shown by the straight line a in FIG. When the charging characteristics of the charging circuit of this example are shown by mathematical expressions, they are as follows.
【００２１】[0021]
【数３】Ｖ0 Ｒ2 ／（Ｒ1 ＋Ｒ2 ）＋Ｉ0 Ｒ3 ＝ＶR V 0 R 2 / (R 1 + R 2 ) + I 0 R 3 = V R
【００２２】なお厳密に定電力での充電を行うために
は、図３に破線で示す定電力曲線ｂで示すように、充電
電圧Ｖ0 と充電電流Ｉ0 とを乗算した値で制御する必要
があるが、本例の充電特性ａはこの定電力曲線ｂと近似
した特性であり、特にリチウムイオン蓄電池の充電で必
要な範囲では定電力曲線ｂと極めて近似している。従っ
て、この充電回路でのリチウムイオン蓄電池の充電は、
定電力で行われると見なすことができる。In order to perform charging with strictly constant power, it is necessary to control with a value obtained by multiplying the charging voltage V 0 and the charging current I 0 as shown by a constant power curve b shown by a broken line in FIG. However, the charging characteristic a of the present example is a characteristic that is close to the constant power curve b, and is particularly close to the constant power curve b in a range necessary for charging the lithium ion storage battery. Therefore, the charging of the lithium ion storage battery in this charging circuit is
It can be considered to be performed at constant power.
【００２３】このように本例の充電回路によると、リチ
ウムイオン蓄電池のように定電力充電が必要な蓄電池の
充電が良好に行われる。この場合、従来のような複雑な
回路を必要としない簡単な構成で実現でき、充電回路を
低価格にすることができると共に、部品点数も少ないの
で、充電回路として必要な基板の面積を少なくすること
ができ、充電装置を小型に構成できるようになる。As described above, according to the charging circuit of this embodiment, a storage battery that requires constant power charging, such as a lithium ion storage battery, can be favorably charged. In this case, the charging circuit can be realized with a simple configuration that does not require a complicated circuit as in the related art, the charging circuit can be inexpensive, and the number of components is small. And the charging device can be made compact.
【００２４】[0024]
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】本発明によると、定電力曲線にほぼ近似
した充電特性が、加算処理による簡単な回路で実現さ
れ、定電力充電を必要とするリチウムイオン蓄電池の充
電が良好に行えるようになる。According to the present invention, a charging characteristic substantially similar to a constant power curve is realized by a simple circuit by addition processing, and charging of a lithium ion storage battery requiring constant power charging is good. Will be able to do it.
【００２６】[0026]
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す回路図である。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】一実施例の原理を説明するための回路図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the principle of one embodiment.
【図３】一実施例による充電特性を示す特性図である。FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing charging characteristics according to one embodiment.
【図４】リチウムイオン蓄電池の特性を示す特性図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing characteristics of a lithium ion storage battery.
【図５】従来の充電回路の一例を示す回路図である。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional charging circuit.
１１ 電源回路 １２ 蓄電池 １３ 誤差増幅器 ＶR 基準電源 Ｒ1 ，Ｒ2 分圧抵抗器 Ｒ3 電力検出用抵抗器11 power supply circuit 12 battery 13 error amplifier V R reference power R 1, R 2 voltage dividing resistors R 3 power detecting resistor
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H02J 7/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H02J 7/10
Claims (1)
充電に、該定電力充電から定電圧充電に変化させて、リ
チウムイオン蓄電池で構成されるバッテリを充電するリ
チウムイオン蓄電池用充電器において、 上記電源回路の制御回路と、上記電源回路の出力電流を
検出する第１の抵抗と、上記バッテリの両端電圧を検出
する分圧抵抗としての第２，第３の抵抗とを設け、上記分圧抵抗の接続中点で検出された電圧と、上記第１
の抵抗で検出した電圧に基準電圧を加算した電圧と を比
較し、該比較結果に基づいて上記制御回路で上記電源回
路の制御を行い、 定電力充電の際に、リチウムイオン蓄電池の充電で必要
な充電特性に近似するように、次式に基づいた制御を行
うようにしたリチウムイオン蓄電池用充電器。 Ｖ0 Ｒ2 ／（Ｒ1 ＋Ｒ2 ）＋Ｉ0 Ｒ3 ＝ＶR 但し、Ｖ0 はバッテリの両端電圧、ＶR は基準電圧、Ｉ
0 はバッテリの充電電流、Ｒ1 及びＲ2 は分圧抵抗とし
ての第２及び第３の抵抗、Ｒ3 は第１の抵抗である。1. A lithium ion battery charger for charging a battery composed of a lithium ion battery by changing the output of a power supply circuit from constant current charging to constant power charging and from constant power charging to constant voltage charging. a control circuit of the power supply circuit, a first resistor for detecting the output current of the power supply circuit, the second as a voltage dividing resistor for detecting a voltage across the battery, and a third resistor is provided, the amount The voltage detected at the midpoint of the connection of the piezoresistor and the first
Compares the voltage obtained by adding the reference voltage with the detected voltage by the resistance, based on the comparison result and controls the power supply circuit in the control circuit, during the constant power charge, necessary in charging of the lithium ion battery A battery charger for a lithium-ion storage battery that performs control based on the following equation so as to approximate a suitable charging characteristic. V 0 R 2 / (R 1 + R 2 ) + I 0 R 3 = V R where V 0 is the voltage across the battery, V R is the reference voltage, I
0 is the charging current of the battery, R 1 and R 2 are the second and third resistors as voltage dividing resistors, and R 3 is the first resistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03342793A JP3312415B2 (en) | 1993-02-23 | 1993-02-23 | Lithium-ion battery charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03342793A JP3312415B2 (en) | 1993-02-23 | 1993-02-23 | Lithium-ion battery charger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06245402A JPH06245402A (en) | 1994-09-02 |
| JP3312415B2 true JP3312415B2 (en) | 2002-08-05 |
Family
ID=12386263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03342793A Expired - Fee Related JP3312415B2 (en) | 1993-02-23 | 1993-02-23 | Lithium-ion battery charger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3312415B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5576609A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-11-19 | Dell Usa, L.P. | Constant power dissipation control of a linear pass element used for battery charging |
| KR100539216B1 (en) * | 1997-11-29 | 2006-02-28 | 페어차일드코리아반도체 주식회사 | Battery charge circuit |
| JP2008295170A (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-12-04 | Canon Inc | Charger and control method thereof |
| KR101192010B1 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2012-10-16 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | System for controlling charging of battery and battery pack comprising the same |
| JP6160773B2 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-07-12 | 富士電機株式会社 | Battery charger |
| CN106848462B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-10-08 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of energy-storage battery charging/discharging thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-02-23 JP JP03342793A patent/JP3312415B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06245402A (en) | 1994-09-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |