JP3311080B2 - Variable diameter propeller for ships - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a propeller boss fitted and connected to a propeller shaft supported on a propulsion unit body and protruding rearward thereof, the propeller boss being surrounded by the propeller boss and connected to the propeller boss. Variable shipboard with multiple propeller blades mounted via parallel arranged blade axes so that they can pivot between a closed position that minimizes the propeller diameter and an open position that maximizes the propeller diameter It relates to a diameter type propeller.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Such variable diameter propellers are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,565,544.
Already known.

[0003]

The exhaust system of a marine engine includes an underwater exhaust system in which exhaust gas is discharged into the water through an exhaust passage penetrating through propeller labs, and an exhaust system through an exhaust pipe provided independently of the propulsion unit. It is roughly classified into an atmospheric exhaust system that discharges into the atmosphere. The underwater exhaust system is mainly applied to outboard motors, and the atmospheric exhaust system is mainly applied to inboard engines.

Since the conventional variable diameter propeller is mainly used for an inboard motor, no consideration is given to an underwater exhaust system.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned variable-diameter type propeller capable of exhausting exhaust gas of an engine underwater.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a propeller boss which is adapted for each blade shaft.
To form a synchronous chamber with a polygonal cross section with the
In this synchronization chamber, all blade axes are interconnected
A synchronous device for synchronous rotation is provided, and a plurality of recesses and lands are formed on the outer periphery of the propeller boss so as to be alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each recess is supported on both end walls in the front-rear direction. The propeller blade has a boss of a propeller blade supported by the blade shaft, and the propeller boss has an exhaust passage for opening the exhaust outlet of the propulsion unit to the rear end of the propeller boss.
Crosses the synchronous chamber while penetrating each land in the front-rear direction
Each concave part and propeller axis passing outside of each side of the surface polygon
The first feature is that the space is provided to avoid the gap .

[0007] The present invention, in addition to the above features, the front end surface of the propeller boss, in that a cylindrical recess which communicates said exhaust outlet to said respective exhaust passage and a second feature, further that
In addition to the second feature, further concave from the bottom surface of the cylindrical concave portion.
A polygonal recess that exposes part of the outer peripheral surface of each blade shaft with
The third feature is that the synchronous chamber is formed as
And

[0008]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, in FIG. 1, a propulsion unit 1 mounted on a transom of a ship is connected to a vertically arranged drive shaft 2 driven by an engine (not shown) via a forward and reverse gear mechanism 3. A propeller shaft 4 of a horizontal diameter is supported, and a variable-diameter type propeller 5 is mounted on a portion of the propeller shaft 4 protruding rearward from the propulsion unit 1.

The forward and reverse gear mechanisms 3 are of a well-known bevel gear type, and a forward mode and a reverse mode in which the propeller shaft 4 can be driven in the forward direction from the drive shaft 2 by raising and lowering a switching operation rod 6 parallel to the drive shaft 2. The mode is switched to a reverse mode that can be driven in the direction.

In FIG. 2, a bearing holder 1 for holding a pair of front and rear bearings 8 and 9 for supporting a propeller shaft 4 is provided in a mounting hole 7 opened on the rear surface of the propulsion unit main body 1.
0 is fitted, and a ring nut 11 for pressing it from behind is screwed. The bearing holder 10 includes a large-diameter cylindrical portion 10a for holding the front ball bearing 8 and a small-diameter cylindrical portion 10b for holding the rear needle bearing 9, and the two cylindrical portions 10a and 10b are connected via the tapered cylindrical portion 10c. Connected together. The small-diameter cylindrical portion 10b is integrally formed with a flange 10d protruding from the outer peripheral surface and pressed by a ring nut 11.
At d, a plurality of exhaust outlets 13 are provided which communicate with the exhaust port of the engine via the hollow portion 1a of the propulsion unit 1.

The structure of the variable diameter propeller 5 will be described with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 2, a thrust plate 14 is fitted to the propeller shaft 4 via a spline 15 adjacent to the rear end of the bearing holder 10. The thrust plate 14 abuts the tapered surface 4a of the propeller shaft 4 to prevent forward movement. Further, a hollow extension shaft 16 having a front end abutting on the thrust plate 14 and a rear end extending rearward from the propeller shaft 4 is detachably fitted to the propeller shaft 4 via a spline 17. The rear end face of the extension shaft 16 is pressed by a hexagonal head 18a of a long cap nut 18 screwed around the rear end of the propeller shaft 4.

A propeller boss 19 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the extension shaft 16 over substantially the entire length thereof so as to be relatively rotatable. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, an annular recess 20 is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the rear half of the propeller boss 19.
The torque limiting device 49 is configured by press-fitting the cylindrical damper rubber 21 baked on the outer peripheral surface of the extension shaft 16 facing the above into the concave portion 20. Thus, the damper rubber 21 is connected to the propeller boss 19 with a certain frictional force, and slips between the damper rubber 21 and the propeller boss 19 when it receives a rotation torque of a certain value or more.

In order to prevent the damper rubber 21 from coming off, the holding ring 22 is fitted to the rear end of the extension shaft 16 so as to intervene between the rear end of the damper rubber 21 and the hexagonal head 18a of the long cap nut 18. At the same time, a split pin 24 is mounted on a series of pin holes 23 formed in the press ring 22, the extension shaft 16 and the long shaft cap nut 18. Thus, the split pin 24 also serves as a stopper for the cap nut 18 against the propeller shaft 4.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the propeller boss 19 has three circumferentially alternately arranged in the first half thereof.
Each of the concave portions 25 and the land portions 26, a pair of bearing holes 27 and 28 opened on the front and rear side walls of each concave portion 25, and the propeller boss 19 axially penetrates through the land portions 26.
An exhaust passage 29 and a cylindrical recess 30 which is open at the front of the propeller boss 19 and accommodates the thrust plate 14 are provided. The exhaust passage 29 and the front bearing hole 27 open into the cylindrical recess 30. A boss 31a of a propeller blade 31 is arranged in each recess 25, and both ends of a blade shaft 32 that is spline-fitted to the boss 31a are rotatably supported by bearing holes 27 and 28.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, all blade shafts 32 are interconnected by a synchronizing device 33 so as to rotate synchronously. The synchronizing device 33 has a triangular recess 34 that is further recessed from the bottom surface of the cylindrical recess 30 to expose a part of the outer peripheral surface of each blade shaft 32.
A triangular-shaped synchronous plate 35 rotatably supported on the blade shaft 32, and a synchronous pin 36 fitted and supported in a lateral hole 37 opened in the outer peripheral surface of each blade shaft 32 exposed in the triangular concave portion 34.
The triangular recess 34 has a polygonal cross section according to the present invention.
And the outside of each side of the synchronization chamber is
Road 29 passes . A connecting groove 3 is provided at each top of the triangular synchronous plate 35.
A cylindrical enlarged portion 36a is formed at one end of the synchronous pin 36 protruding from the horizontal hole 37, and the enlarged portion 36a is engaged with the corresponding connection groove 38. Thus, at the time of each rotation, all the blade shafts 32 can rotate synchronously by regulating their rotation angles via their own synchronization pin 36 and common synchronization plate 35.

As shown in FIG. 6, a cover 39 is fixed to the bottom surface of the cylindrical recess 30 by bolts 40 to prevent the blade shaft 32 and the synchronization plate 35 from coming off. This cover 3
9 is provided with three notches 41 so as not to close the three exhaust paths 29.

As shown in FIG. 4, each propeller blade 3
Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary shaft that rotates together with the blade shaft 32 between a closed position A that minimizes the propeller diameter D and an open position B that maximizes the propeller diameter D. A first stopper surface 42 that is in contact with the outer peripheral surface is formed at the rear end of each propeller blade 31 in the rotation direction,
In addition, a second stopper surface 43 that contacts one side surface of the concave portion 25 for regulating the opening position B is formed on the blade boss 31a.

Each propeller blade 31 is spring-biased toward its closed position A, and a torsion coil type return spring 44 (FIG. 2) is provided for the blade boss 31a.
Attached to.

A warhead-shaped weight 45 is screwed to each propeller blade 31 at the rear side in the rotation direction.

In this case, the weight 45 may be attached in a structure as shown in FIGS. That is, the rear edge of the propeller blade 31 is fitted into a slot 46 provided in the front half of the streamline weight 45, and a screw 48 is screwed into the weight 45 so as to pass through the through hole 47 of the propeller blade 31. Be worn.
Further, the weight 45 may be provided with an additional weight 45a as shown by a chain line.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When the propeller shaft 4 is driven from the drive shaft 2 via the forward and reverse gear mechanisms 3, the drive torque is transmitted to the propeller boss 19 through the spline 17, the extension shaft 16 and the damper rubber 21 in order. The propeller blades 31 rotate together with the propeller boss 19 to generate thrust.

In the low-speed rotation range of the propeller boss 19, the propeller blades 31 are held at the closed position A by the resilient force of the return spring 44, and the propeller diameter D is minimized. Is relatively small, and trolling can be easily performed.

Thereafter, when the rotation speed of the propeller boss 19 rises beyond a certain value, each propeller blade 31
Is opened until the centrifugal force acting on itself and the weight 45 balances the elastic force of the return spring 44. Then, when the vehicle enters a predetermined high-speed rotation region, the maximum opening position B is reached and the propeller diameter D is maximized, so that a large thrust is generated to enable high-speed cruising.

During this time, since the blade shafts 32 of all the propeller blades 31 rotate synchronously with each other via the synchronizing device 33 as described above, the centrifugal force acting on each propeller blade 31 and the resilient force of the return spring 44, etc. The dispersion of the opening angle due to the difference, the resistance of water, and other external factors can be eliminated, and the performance of the propeller 5 can always be stabilized.

If a small obstacle such as a floating object hits the propeller blade 31 during navigation, the damper rubber 21 is torsionally deformed, and the impact force applied to the propeller blade 31 can be reduced. When a large obstacle such as a rock hits the propeller blade 31, a slip occurs between the fitting surfaces of the damper rubber 21 and the propeller boss 19, and the propeller shaft 4 idles with respect to the propeller boss 19. An overload on the blade 31 and the power transmission system can be cut off.

Exhaust gas from an engine (not shown) is exhausted into the hollow portion 1a of the propulsion unit 1, and the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust outlet 13 of the bearing holder 10 to the cylindrical recess 30 of the propeller boss 19, and from there. Three exhaust paths 29
And is released into water. Therefore, even when the propeller boss 19 is rotating, the distribution of the exhaust gas to the three exhaust paths 29 can be equalized. Moreover, each exhaust passage 2
9 is formed so as to pass between the three blade shafts 32 parallel to the axis of the propeller boss 19, so that the propeller boss 19 is not disturbed by the blade shaft 32.
It is possible to secure a necessary and sufficient cross-sectional area without enlarging the diameter of the exhaust gas, and to contribute to the reduction of the exhaust resistance in combination with the uniform distribution of the exhaust gas. On the other hand, the blade shaft 32 is
9, without a pair of front and rear bearing holes 27, 28
, And the propeller blade 31 can be strongly supported.

The damper rubber 21 of the torque limiting device 49
Is interposed between the extension shaft 16 and the propeller boss 19 behind the recess 25 accommodating the blade boss 31a, so that the large-capacity damper rubber 21 can be adopted without being disturbed by the blade boss 31a. Become. Moreover, the inner peripheral surface of the damper rubber 21 is baked on the extension shaft 16 and its outer peripheral surface is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the annular concave portion 20 in the rear half inner periphery of the propeller boss 19, so that the propeller blade 31
The sliding surface of the damper rubber 21 can be set as large as possible without being disturbed by the motor, so that the torque limiting device 49 having a large torque capacity can be easily obtained.

When a normal type propeller having a fixed blade is required, the extension shaft 16 is removed, and the boss of the normal type propeller is directly spline-fitted to the propeller shaft 4.
A nut is screwed onto the rear end of the propeller shaft 4 so that the boss is pressed against the thrust plate 14.

In the above embodiment, various design changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the shock absorber including the damper rubber 21 and the extension shaft 16 can be omitted, and the propeller boss 19 can be directly spline-coupled to the propeller shaft 4.

[0032]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the propeller boss is provided with a portion corresponding to each blade axis.
A synchronization chamber with a polygonal cross section at the top is formed and
All blade shafts are connected to each other and
A plurality of recesses and lands are formed on the outer periphery of the propeller boss so as to be alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each recess has a blade supported on both front and rear end walls thereof. accommodating a boss of the propeller blade to be supported by the shaft, the propeller boss, an exhaust passage for opening the exhaust outlet of the main propulsion unit to the rear end of the propeller boss, the exhaust path each run
Cross section of the synchronous chamber while penetrating the
Pass through the outside of each side of
The propeller boss is specially expanded without being disturbed by the blade shaft and the synchronization device.
A substantially straight exhaust path with a large cross-sectional area for propeller labs
It can be formed reasonably , and therefore, in the variable diameter propeller, the propeller lab is reduced in size in the radial direction.
While, whereas it is possible to perform a resistance less water exhaust, the blade shaft becomes possible across the support without being obstructed by the exhaust passage. In addition, since there is a land between the recesses for accommodating the bosses of the propeller blade, it can contribute to a reduction in rotational resistance of the propeller boss.

Further, according to the second feature of the present invention, since a cylindrical concave portion is provided in the front end face of the propeller boss so as to communicate the exhaust outlet with each of the exhaust passages, the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust outlet of the propulsion unit body. The exhaust gas can be evenly distributed to a plurality of rotating exhaust paths via the cylindrical recess, which can contribute to a further reduction in exhaust resistance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal side view of a main part of a marine propulsion system equipped with a variable diameter propeller according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a propeller unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a modification of the mounting structure of the weight of the propeller blade.

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

A Closed position B Opened position D Propeller diameter 1 Propeller main body 4 Propeller shaft 5 Propeller 13 Exhaust outlet 16 Extended shaft 19 Propeller boss 25 Depression 26 Land portion 27 Bearing hole 28 Bearing hole 29 Exhaust path 30 Cylindrical recess 31 Propeller blade 31 Blade Boss 32 Blade shaft 33 Synchronizer 34 Triangular recess (synchronous chamber)

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B63H 1/20 B63H 3/00 B63H 21/32 B63H 23/34

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A propeller boss (19) is fitted and connected to a propeller shaft (4) supported by a propulsion unit body (1) and protruding rearward thereof. And a plurality of propeller blades (3) via a plurality of blade shafts (32) disposed around and parallel to the axis thereof.
1) in a variable diameter propeller for a ship, mounted such that they can rotate between a closed position (A) that minimizes the propeller diameter (D) and an open position (B) that maximizes the propeller diameter. The propeller boss (19) has a pair of blade shafts (32).
Synchronous chamber (3
4), and all the brakes are placed in the synchronization chamber (34).
Synchronizing device for mutually connecting and synchronizing rotating shafts (32)
(33) is disposed to the outer periphery of the propeller boss (19) is formed so as to align the plurality of recesses (25) and a land portion (26) in the circumferential direction alternately, that each recess (25) A boss (31a) of a propeller blade (31) supported by a blade shaft (32) supported on both end walls in the front-rear direction is accommodated therein, and a propeller body ( 19) is accommodated in a propeller boss (19 ).
An exhaust path (29) that opens the exhaust outlet (13) of the propeller boss (19) to the rear end of the propeller boss (19) .
The synchronization chamber (34) while penetrating the portion (26) in the front-rear direction.
Passing through the outside of each side of the cross-sectional polygon of
A variable diameter propeller for ships, wherein the propeller is provided so as to avoid the space between the propeller shafts (4) . 2. A propeller boss (19) according to claim 1, further comprising a cylindrical recess (30) provided at a front end face of said propeller boss (19) for communicating said exhaust outlet (13) with each of said exhaust passages (29). A variable diameter propeller for ships, characterized by: 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
Each blade shaft (3) is further recessed from the bottom of the recess (30).
The polygonal concave portion (34) that exposes a part of the outer peripheral surface of 2)
And forming it as the synchronization chamber .
Variable diameter propeller for ships.