JP3299110B2 - Lignophenol-based molded article, method for producing the same, and method for treating lignophenol-based molded article - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for utilizing a lignophenol derivative obtained by phenol derivatization of lignin, which is a constituent component of wood, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a molded article using a lignophenol derivative,
Further, the present invention relates to a technique for recovering and reusing a lignophenol derivative from such a molded article.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been increasing interest in forest resources that can be used permanently instead of fossil resources such as oil and coal, which are expected to be depleted as industrial raw materials. Here, forest resources, ie, lignocellulosic resources, are composed of hydrophilic carbohydrates such as cellulose and hemicellulose and hydrophobic lignin (polyphenol), which have an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure in the cell wall. In this case, they are intricately entangled to form a complex. Lignocellulosic resources have been given usefulness as various materials due to the structure of the composite.

[0003] On the other hand, considering the conventional form of utilization of lignocellulosic resources, that is, wood as a material, one of them is processed as a building material or furniture material of a predetermined shape as a composite. Or use
There are a direct use form in which it is used as a molding material such as wood chips and fibers, and an indirect use form in which cellulose as a component of the composite is extracted and pulped. Here, considering effective use of forest resources in consideration of future depletion of fossil resources, it is important to reuse forest resources in both of these forms of use.

[0004]

However, at present, in a direct utilization mode in which wood, which is a composite, is directly used as a molded product, the shape and size of the composite material are limited.
It is difficult to reuse and often disposed after use. Further, when used as a molding material, it is difficult to reuse it because it contains a thermosetting resin as a binder. As described above, in the direct use mode, at present, it is difficult to reuse cellulose and the like and lignin constituting the complex. further,
In the indirect use form, although recycling is achieved by repeating fiberization and sheeting, lignin, a constituent component other than cellulose, is hardly used. As described above, lignin is hardly reused in both usage modes. On the other hand, lignin is an organic substance present on earth on a large scale next to cellulose. However, as described above, at present, there is no attempt to create a reusable form of a wood product or to reuse a wood product by focusing on lignin in a complex.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new molded article which can be easily reused by using a composite structure using lignin which is a constituent component of a lignocellulose composite structure of forest resources. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a molded article that can be easily reused by creating a composite structure using lignin. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering a lignin component from a molded body using lignin in a reusable manner.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have created the following inventions. That is, the first invention is a molded article containing a cellulosic molding material and a lignophenol derivative obtained by adding a concentrated acid to a lignocellulose material to which a phenol derivative has been added. According to the present invention, the lignophenol derivative improves the integrity of the molding material. Also,
The lignophenol derivative is easily extracted from the molded article by a solvent having an affinity for the lignophenol derivative, and is separated from the molding material.

In a preferred embodiment, the molding material is a cellulosic fiber. This is because the cellulosic fiber is easily available, is easily separated from the lignophenol derivative, and is again used for many purposes.

In the present invention, the lignofenol
Is a phenol derivative in the α-position of the side chain of lignin.
It is a preferred form to have a substituted structure
You. Further, the lignophenol derivative is an acetylene derivative.
Also preferably extractable by tons or alcohol
It is a form. In a preferred embodiment, the phenol derivative is cresol. This is because a lignophenol derivative using a phenol derivative as cresol has high hydrophobicity, and a molded article containing this lignophenol derivative forms a hydrophobic molded article.

The second invention is characterized in that a phenol derivative is added.
Obtained by adding concentrated acid to the extracted lignocellulosic material
Add lignophenol derivative to cellulosic material
Process, and using the lignophenol derivative as a binder
And molding the cellulose-based molding material.
This is a method for producing a molded article. According to the present invention, a lignophenol derivative exhibits caking properties in a molding material.
As a result, the integrity of the molding material is improved. In the present invention, the lignophenol derivative is a lignophenol.
The cellulose-based molding as a solution or powder of the derivative
It is a preferred form to be added to the material. The molding
Prior to or during the molding process.
Of removing the solvent from the solution of the lignophenol derivative
It is also a preferred embodiment to have a step. Also, the molding
The process should include a heating and / or pressure step.
This is a preferred mode. Further, the cellulose-based component
The shape material is added prior to the addition of the lignophenol derivative.
It is also a preferred form that it is molded in advance .

In the present invention, the lignophenol derivative preferably has a structure in which the α-position of the side chain of lignin is substituted with a phenol derivative. In a preferred embodiment, the phenol derivative is cresol. Moreover the mixture may have to <br/> preferred that a solution of the lignophenol derivative is impregnated. In these inventions described above , the lignophenol derivative is obtained from a phenol derivative phase of a phenol derivative phase and a sulfuric acid phase obtained by adding sulfuric acid after adding a phenol derivative to a lignocellulose-based material. Is preferred. Wood, waste materials, offcuts, herbaceous plants, agricultural wastes, and the like can be used as the lignocellulosic material, and the lignocellulosic material can be effectively used and reused.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molding material is a cellulose fiber obtained by fibrillating a lignocellulose material. When the molding material is a cellulosic fiber obtained by fibrillating a lignocellulose material, a novel molded body is formed using the lignocellulose material. Moreover,
Cellulosic fibers are easily available, are easily separated from lignophenol derivatives, and are again used for many purposes. In particular, when the lignophenol derivative is obtained from a lignocellulosic material, both the cellulose component and the lignin component of the lignocellulosic material are effectively used.

[0012] A third invention provides a cellulosic molding material ,
Lignophenol derivatives obtained by adding concentrated acid to the lignocellulosic material phenol derivative is added, the molded body or a piece containing city, lignophenol
It is a method for treating a molded article , comprising a step of adding a derivative affinity solvent . According to the present invention, lignophenol-based
The lignophenol derivative is separated and extracted from the compact,
Separation of lulose-based molding material and lignophenol derivative
Is done. In addition, lignophenol derivative affinity solvent and
Are acetone, ethanol, dioxane, each of these
It is a mixed solution of this and water or an alkaline aqueous solution. This
In the method of the present invention, a lignophenol derivative and / or
Include a process for collecting lurose-based molding material
Is preferred. The lignophenol derivative is a lignophenol
A structure in which the α-position of the side chain of nin is substituted with a phenol derivative
It is a preferred form to have. The cellulose based composition
The shape material is also preferably cellulosic fiber
No. If the molding material is cellulosic fiber, the rig
As a result of treatment with a nophenol derivative affinity solvent, the cell
Loin fibers are also easily separated at the same time.

The present invention also relates to a method for adding a phenol derivative.
Obtained by adding sulfuric acid to lignocellulosic material
Cellulose molding containing lignophenol derivative
Provide a binder for the material. In this binder, the lignophenol derivative is a lignin side chain α
It is a preferred embodiment that the compound has a structure in which the position is substituted with a phenol derivative. In this binder, the phenol derivative is preferably in the form of cresol. In a preferred embodiment, the cellulose-based molding material is a cellulose-based fiber.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. In the present invention, the lignophenol derivative is essentially obtained from a lignocellulosic material containing lignin. As the lignocellulosic material containing lignin, woody materials, various materials mainly wood, for example, wood flour, chips, waste materials,
Scraps and the like can be mentioned. Moreover, the kind of wood used can be used irrespective of the kind, such as conifer or hardwood. In addition, various herbaceous plants, related samples,
For example, agricultural wastes can be used.

In order to obtain a lignophenol derivative from a lignocellulose material, it is necessary to treat the lignin in the lignocellulose material with a phenol derivative and extract it as a lignophenol derivative from the lignocellulose material. Currently, there are two types of methods for extracting lignin in lignocellulosic materials as lignophenol derivatives. The first method is a method described in JP-A-2-233701.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a liquid phenol derivative (such as cresol) is infiltrated into a lignocellulosic material such as wood flour, and the lignin is solvated with the phenol derivative. (For example, 72% sulfuric acid) is added to dissolve the cellulose component.
According to this method, a phenol derivative solvated with lignin and a concentrated acid in which a cellulose component is dissolved form a two-phase separation system. The lignin solvated by the phenol derivative is contacted with the acid only at the interface where the phenol derivative phase comes into contact with the concentrated acid phase. Be attacked. As a result, a lignophenol derivative is formed in the phenol derivative phase (see FIG. 3).
From this phenol derivative phase, a lignophenol derivative is extracted. The extraction can be performed, for example, by the following method. That is, the precipitate obtained by adding the phenol derivative phase to a large excess of ethyl ether is collected and dissolved in acetone. The insoluble portion is removed by centrifugation, and the acetone-soluble portion is concentrated. The acetone-soluble portion is added dropwise to a large excess of ethyl ether, and the precipitate is collected. After distilling off the solvent from this precipitation section, it is dried in a desiccator containing phosphorus pentoxide to obtain a lignophenol derivative. The crude lignophenol derivative can be obtained by simply removing the phenol derivative phase by distillation under reduced pressure. The acetone-soluble portion can be used as it is as a lignophenol derivative solution for the production of a molded article.

In the second method, as shown in FIG. 2, a solvent (for example, ethanol or acetone) in which a solid or liquid phenol derivative is dissolved is penetrated into a lignocellulosic material, and then the solvent is distilled off. (Phenol derivative sorption step). Next, a concentrated acid is added to the lignocellulosic material to dissolve the cellulose component. As a result, as in the first method, the lignin solvated with the phenol derivative contacts the acid at the interface where the phenol derivative and the concentrated acid come into contact, and is attacked by the phenol derivative to produce a lignophenol derivative. You.
Then, similarly to the first method, the phenol-derivatized lignophenol derivative is extracted with the liquid phenol derivative. The extraction of the lignophenol derivative from the liquid phenol derivative phase can be performed in the same manner as in the first method. Alternatively, the entire reaction solution after the concentrated acid treatment is poured into excess water, the insoluble fraction is collected by centrifugation, dialyzed, and dried. Acetone or alcohol is added to the dried product to extract a lignophenol derivative. Further, similarly to the first method, the soluble fraction is dropped into excess ethyl ether or the like to obtain the lignophenol derivative as an insoluble fraction. In this method, similarly, the acetone-soluble portion can be used as a lignophenol derivative solution for producing a molded article.

Of these two methods, the second method is particularly the latter, that is, the method of extracting and separating a lignophenol derivative with acetone or alcohol requires a small amount of the phenol derivative. Is economical. Further, this method can treat many lignocellulosic materials with a small amount of a phenol derivative, and thus is suitable for mass synthesis of a lignophenol derivative.

FIG. 4 shows a state where a phenol derivative is selectively introduced into the α-position of the lignin side chain in these methods. Further, FIG. 5 shows the conversion process from natural lignin to a lignophenol derivative according to these methods by showing a change in the partial structure of natural lignin and the lignophenol derivative.

The phenol derivatives used in these methods include monohydric phenols, dihydric phenols,
It is possible to use a value of phenol. Examples of the monohydric phenol include phenol, alkylphenols such as cresol, methoxyphenol, and naphthol. Examples of the divalent phenol include catechol, alkylcatechol, resorcinol, alkylresorcinol, hydroquinone, alkylhydroquinone, and the like. Can be mentioned. Examples of the trivalent phenol include pyrogallol and the like. Regarding the hydrophobicity of the lignophenol derivative synthesized from such a phenol derivative, the lignomonophenol derivative has the highest hydrophobicity, and the lignodiphenol derivative and the lignotriphenol derivative decrease in hydrophobicity in this order. Therefore, when the production of a hydrophobic molded article is intended, it is preferable to use a monovalent phenol as the phenol derivative when synthesizing the lignophenol derivative,
In particular, cresol is more preferable in consideration of cost, stability, and ease of handling.

The lignophenol derivative may be a lignophenol derivative recovered from a lignophenol-based molded article containing the lignophenol derivative. The lignophenol derivative is recovered from the lignophenol-based compact by immersing it in one or more solvents selected from acetone, ethanol, methanol, dioxane, a mixture of each of these, water and an alkaline solution. Is done. This lignophenol derivative is reusable. According to this method, the lignophenol derivative can be repeatedly reused, which leads to effective use of resources.

As a molding material used for producing a lignophenol-based molded article, a natural or synthetic material such as a fiber, a chip, and a powder can be used. The form of the molding material is not limited to these forms, and various widely known forms can be used.
As the fibrous molding material, various fibers such as various types of natural and synthetic hydrocarbon fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers and the like, or recycled fibers thereof can be used. Among them, cellulosic fibers are preferred because they are easily available. As the cellulosic fiber, mechanical pulp, chemical pulp, semi-chemical pulp, recycled pulp thereof, and the like, and various artificial cellulose fibers synthesized from these pulp as raw materials can be used.

As the raw materials for such cellulosic fibers, wood fibers, mulberry,
Any non-wood fiber such as kenaf, manila hemp, straw and bagasse can be used. Further, as the cellulosic fiber, those obtained by fibrillating various products such as cardboard and newsprint, which are pulp products manufactured from a lignocellulose material, can also be used.

As the chip-shaped molding material, various materials such as various natural and synthetic hydrocarbons, metals, glasses and ceramics can be used. Examples of the hydrocarbon-based chip include natural cellulose-based chips made of wood or a material other than wood, examples of the metal-based chip include aluminum chips, and examples of the ceramic chip include Al ₂ chips. O ₃
And SiO ₂ chips. Further, as the powdery molding material, a material similar to the above-mentioned chip-like material may be used, or a pulverized or inherently powdery molding material may be used.

In order to form a molded body using the lignophenol derivative, the lignophenol derivative is added to the molding material in a liquefied state, and the liquefied lignophenol derivative is solidified. The lignophenol derivative exhibits caking properties when changing from a liquefied state to a solid. That is, when the solvent is distilled off from the state of being dissolved in the solvent and precipitated as a solid, or when the state of itself is solidified by cooling from the state of being molten, it exhibits a caking property. By utilizing such a process of exhibiting caking properties, a lignophenol derivative can be used as a binder for bonding a molding material. Therefore, the lignophenol derivative is subjected to a process of adding a lignophenol derivative solution to a molding material and distilling off the solvent, or a process of adding the lignophenol derivative in a solid state, followed by heating, melting, and cooling. Will be. Here, as the lignophenol derivative solution, a solution obtained by dissolving a lignophenol derivative in acetone, ethanol, methanol, dioxane, or a mixture of each of these and water can be used. In the step of synthesizing and separating a lignophenol derivative from a lignocellulosic material, the obtained lignophenol derivative solution can also be used.

For example, as a molding method, a method including the steps shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 6, a cellulosic fiber is formed, and
After impregnation with the lignophenol derivative solution, the solvent is distilled off. By distilling off the solvent, the lignophenol derivative exhibits caking properties and exhibits adhesiveness to the molding material. As a result, a lignophenol-based molded article in which the lignophenol derivative is attached and the lignophenol derivative acts as a binder is obtained. If necessary, this molded body may be further molded by pressing and / or heating.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a cellulosic fiber is formed and impregnated with a lignophenol derivative solution. Thereafter, by pressing and / or heating the molded body, the solvent is simultaneously distilled off. By distilling off the solvent, the lignophenol derivative exhibits caking properties and exhibits adhesiveness to the molding material. As a result, a lignophenol-based molded article in a state where the lignophenol derivative acts as a binder is obtained.

According to the method shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the step of distilling off the solvent, the lignophenol derivative moves to the surface of the molded body. That is, a large amount of the lignophenol derivative is attached to the surface layer of the molded body. Therefore, since a large amount of the lignophenol derivative can be present on the surface layer by impregnating a small amount of the lignophenol derivative, the molded body efficiently imparted with water resistance and strength by the binder action of the lignophenol derivative on the surface layer side. Can be obtained.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, after the cellulose fiber in an unformed state is impregnated with a lignophenol derivative solution, the solvent is distilled off. Thereafter, the fiber is heated and pressed to be formed. According to this method, the lignophenol derivative is attached to the fiber because the lignophenol derivative exhibited tackiness by the solvent distillation process. As described above, by performing heating and pressure molding using the fiber to which the lignophenol derivative is previously attached, a molded article containing the lignophenol derivative uniformly throughout can be formed. Therefore, this method is preferable as a method for producing a molded article having uniform physical properties.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a powdery lignophenol derivative is mixed with the cellulosic fiber, and the mixture is heated and pressed to be molded. In addition, prior to final molding, temporary molding can be performed by applying pressure. The temporary molded body is then heated and molded, and if necessary, pressurized. According to this method, the step of distilling off the solvent becomes unnecessary. In addition, a molded article containing the lignophenol derivative uniformly throughout the molded article can be formed, and a molded article having uniform physical properties can be manufactured.

When a molded article is produced from various molding materials and a lignophenol derivative, a tentative molding step or molding method before molding is selected and added depending on the type of molding material to be used. Can be added. For example, when a fiber-like pulp is used as a molding material, there are a wet method and a dry method for forming a molded body, and the temporary molding method and the like are different between the wet method and the dry method.

The strength of the molded article formed by such a method is improved by the addition of a lignophenol derivative. In addition, since the lignophenol derivative is hydrophobic, the water resistance is improved. Further, at the same time, it is possible to reduce the water absorption of the molded article and the swelling property due to the water absorption, thereby imparting dimensional stability to the molded article.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, as the lignophenol derivative lipophilic solvents, acetone, ethanol, dioxane, a mixture of these each with water, an alkaline aqueous solution. Considering simplicity, acetone and alcohol are preferred. Also, in consideration of cost, an aqueous alkali solution is preferable.

Specifically, in a state where the original form of the molded body is maintained or processed into small pieces, the molded body is immersed in a solvent having an affinity for a lignophenol derivative, or is stirred in addition to immersion. As a result, the lignophenol derivative is eluted in the solvent. By making the compact into small pieces and stirring in a solvent, rapid separation and extraction can be performed. When it is desired to maintain the original form of the molded article, the lignophenol derivative-affinity solvent is immersed in a non-aqueous solvent (for example, acetone) and extracted without stirring.
In particular, when the molding material is a cellulosic material, the lignophenol derivative is extracted, and at the same time, when it is desired to decompose the molding into a molding material by fibrillation or the like, it is immersed in an aqueous alkali solution and stirred.

Thus, the recovered lignophenol derivative can be used again in various fields including production of a molded article. Further, the molding material separated at the same time can be reused again for various processed products including production of a molded body.

According to the present invention, a lignophenol derivative is separated from various lignocellulosic materials through a phase separation system process using a phenol derivative and a concentrated acid, and the lignophenol derivative is combined with various fibers. A molded article is manufactured. The lignophenol derivative in the compact is separated from the compact. Therefore, by using the lignophenol derivative as a material for the molded article, the production and decomposition of the molded article can be repeated. Therefore, the lignocellulosic material can be effectively reused.

[0036]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples. In the following examples, production of a molded article of cellulosic fiber using a lignophenol derivative and recovery of the lignophenol derivative from the molded article will be described.

Example 1 (Synthesis of Lignophenol Derivative) Using pine (Pinus Thunbergii) as a lignocellulosic material, lignocresol was synthesized as a lignophenol derivative according to the following steps. That is, an acetone solution containing 2 mol of p-cresol per ₉ units of lignin C in the black pine defatted wood flour was added to 100 g of the defatted black pine wood flour, and the wood flour was impregnated with p-cresol. Thereafter, the wood flour was spread thinly in a vat, and left in a fume hood until the smell of acetone disappeared to distill off acetone. Incidentally, C ₉ unit amount of lignin in the Pinus thunbergii defatted wood powder is calculated based on elemental analysis of the lignin in the Pinus thunbergii defatted wood powder.

Next, 400 ml of 72% sulfuric acid was added to the whole amount, immersed in a water bath at 30 ° C., and vigorously stirred for 60 minutes.
After a predetermined period of time, stirring was stopped to stop the reaction, and the reaction solution was added little by little to a large excess of ion-exchanged water under cooling with vigorous stirring to make the total volume 4000 ml. After about 60 minutes, stirring was stopped, and insolubles were separated by centrifugation. The insoluble matter was placed in a dialysis membrane, dialyzed with running water and a large amount of ion-exchanged water, and subjected to dialysis until the pH of water outside the dialysis membrane reached 6, and no coloration of p-cresol due to diazotized sulfanilic acid disappeared. went. After dialysis,
The content was centrifuged, the precipitate was dried in a drier at 60 ° C., and further dried under reduced pressure over phosphorus pentoxide. The dried precipitate was extracted with 600 ml of acetone, centrifuged,
The supernatant was obtained as a lignocresol-acetone solution.

(Preparation of Cellulose Fiber Mat)
In this example, recycled paper, cardboard, and newsprint were used as the lignocellulosic material, and 25 g each.
Immersed in water overnight, and a small spreader (ULTRA-TURRAX T-250 J
After sufficiently fibrillating with ANKE & KUNKEL IKA-Labortechnik), a mat was manufactured using a cylinder having a diameter of about 10 cm. After dehydrating various mats, the mats were dried in a dryer at 60 ° C., and the weight was measured.

(Impregnation of lignocresol to cellulosic fiber mat) In various mats formed from recycled paper, cardboard, and newsprint, lignocresol was 5%.
And / or 10%. That is, the lignocresol-acetone solution is appropriately diluted to prepare an impregnating solution, and the amount of lignocresol impregnated to various mats is 5% or 10% in a cylindrical stainless steel container having a diameter of 10 cm. As described above, a predetermined amount of the above-mentioned applying solution was added thereto, and the resultant was immersed in the solution overnight to sufficiently penetrate the mat into the mat. After that, the acetone was gradually evaporated while turning over the top and bottom surfaces of the mat every hour,
Lignocresol was impregnated on a cellulosic fiber mat.

When the acetone disappeared from the container by visual inspection, the mat was taken out of the container, and acetone remaining inside the mat was evaporated in an air dryer at room temperature. Furthermore, it was dried in a dryer at a temperature of 60 ° C. and weighed. The amount of lignocresol impregnation was calculated by subtracting the initial weight of the mat from the weight after lignocresol impregnation.

(Preparation of boards from mats impregnated with lignocresol) Various mats impregnated with lignocresol were pressed under the following conditions to prepare various boards. Pressing conditions Initial pressing 50kg / cm ² , 3min Breathing 5kg / cm ² , 2min Holding 50kg / cm ² , 5min Temperature 170 ° C The size of the board produced is 10cm in diameter and about 4.
5 mm. For comparison, mats using various lignocellulosic materials as raw materials were prepared, and various control boards were produced in exactly the same steps as in the example except that the step of attaching lignocresol was not performed. The size of each control board is 10cm in diameter,
The thickness was about 4.5 mm.

The following items were tested for the various boards and the like prepared as described above. (Appearance of mat and board) Various mats and boards were visually observed. The recycled paper mat is colored brown overall, and the board made by hot pressing this mat is
The color tone was uniformly darkened. From this result, it was found that lignocresol was held inside the mat even in hot pressing.

The corrugated cardboard mat was entirely colored brown, and the board produced by hot-pressing the mat was uniformly darkened. Newspaper mats are also available in the above 2
Like the seed mat, it was uniformly colored and had a reddish gray hue. The color tone was changed to black by heat-pressing the mat. In each of the mats, when the mat was lightly tapped, a sound and feel like plastic were obtained.

(Board strength test)
A test piece was cut into a size of 20 mm × 90 mm × 4.5 mm, and the span length was set to 80 mm, and an Instron universal testing machine 1000 (INSTRON CORPORA) was used.
A load-deflection curve was measured by using TION), and a bending Young's modulus (MOE) and a bending fracture modulus (MOR) were calculated from the curve. The strength test was performed based on JIS A5905, except for the size of the specimen and the span length.

The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table 1]

From these results, it was found that both the Young's modulus and the flexural fracture coefficient of the molded articles using any of the molding materials were higher than those of the respective controls. Therefore, it was clear that the strength of the molded article can be improved by attaching the lignophenol derivative to the molded article as a binder.

(Water Absorption Test of Board) A control board of recycled paper and cardboard, a recycled paper board and a cardboard board impregnated with lignocresol in an amount of about 5% and 10% by weight of the fiber were immersed in water at 25 ° C. In order to keep the upper surface 3 cm below the water surface, the wire net was placed on the upper surface of the board with a weight as a weight and left for 1 hour. After a lapse of a predetermined time, the immersed board was taken out, left standing on a stainless steel vat against a wall surface for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, water droplets remaining on the sample surface are removed,
Thereafter, the weight and dimensions were measured , and the water absorption and volume expansion of the board were measured from the obtained values. Table 2 shows the results.

[0049]

[Table 2]

As is clear from this table, in the recycled paper board, the control board exhibited a water absorption of 200% or more, whereas in the 5% and 9% impregnated boards, it was 72% and 41%, respectively. It exhibited low water absorption. In addition, the expansion rate is 18
8%, 88% for the 5% board and 20% for the 9% board. As described above, the impregnated board exhibited lower water absorption and expansion rate than the control, and the larger the amount of lignocresol impregnated exhibited lower water absorption and expansion rate.

In the cardboard board, the control board exhibited a water absorption rate of nearly 200%, while the lignocresol-impregnated boards (5% and 8%) had low water absorption rates of 15% and 28%, respectively. Was. In addition, the expansion rate is close to 200% for the control board,
For the attached board (5%, 9%), 27% and 24% respectively
%Met. Thus, the cardboard board also had a significantly lower water absorption and expansion coefficient than the control board. Also, the cardboard board is
The rate of decrease for the control board was greater than that for the recycled paper board.

From these results, it was found that by adding lignocresol to the molding material, the water absorption and swellability of the board were reduced, and as a result, dimensional stability against moisture was imparted.

(Recovery test of lignocresol from board) From a fiber mat of recycled paper, a block of 2 cm × 2 cm was cut out, a 10% amount of lignocresol was attached thereto, and then pressurized and heated under the above conditions. A recovery test board was prepared. The board was immersed in about 30 ml of acetone in a vial. After standing for 2 days without stirring or the like, the immersion liquid was filtered, washed with acetone, the filtrate and the washing liquid were combined, acetone was distilled off, and the extracted fraction was used as recovered lignocresol. Table 3 shows the results.

[Table 3]

As is clear from the results, 97% of the lignocresol attached to the board was recovered. Also, when immersing the board in acetone,
The acetone was quickly colored yellow and the board surface was changed from brown to white, indicating that lignocresol was extracted from the board surface. Furthermore, when the molecular weight distribution of lignocresol obtained from acetone was confirmed by gel chromatography, the molecular weight distribution was not significantly different from the molecular weight distribution of the attached lignocresol, and no condensation of lignocresol occurred due to hot pressing. Was confirmed. FIG. 11 shows the results of the gel chromatography. Therefore,
The lignocresol recovered from the compact was usable again. In this example, the board maintained its initial shape because the stirring and defibration treatments were not performed during the extraction.

From the results of these tests, it is found that the board to which lignocresol is added has improved strength, lowers water absorption and swelling properties, and has a more preferable function as a board than lignocresol-free board. It turned out that it was given.

(Example 2) Next, an example in which a board is manufactured without using pressure by using recycled paper as a raw material of a molding material will be described. (Synthesis of Lignophenol Derivative) In the synthesis of the lignophenol derivative, a lignocresol-acetone solution was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using defatted pine wood powder.

(Preparation of Cellulose Fiber) In this example, recycled paper (KO) was used as a lignocellulose material.
After defibrating in the same manner as in Example 1 except that KUYO KB-K39) was used, a mat was produced using a cylinder having a diameter of about 10 cm. After dehydrating each mat, it was dried in a dryer at 60 ° C., and its weight was measured.

(Attachment of Lignocresol to Cellulosic Fiber Mat) In the same manner as in Example 1, lignocresol was attached to the cellulose fiber for the mat formed from the recycled paper. In the present example, lignocresol was attached at a ratio of 5, 10 and 20% to the mat. Further, acetone was evaporated in the same manner as in Example 1. Further, some of the mats were heated at 170 ° C. for 60 minutes to produce heat-treated boards. These two types of mats (without heat treatment / with heat treatment) were dried in a dryer at a temperature of 60 ° C. and weighed. The initial weight of the mat was subtracted from the weight after lignocresol impregnation to calculate the amount of each lignocresol impregnated. The size of each of the prepared boards was about 10 cm in diameter and 9 mm in thickness. For comparison, two types of control boards (without heat treatment / with heat treatment) were prepared in the same manner as in the example, except that the same recycled paper was used as the material and lignocresol was not applied. Produced.

The appearance, strength, water absorption and lignocresol recovery test were performed on these boards in the same manner as in Example 1. However, in the strength test, the size of the specimen was 20 m
The measurement was performed as mx 90 mm x 9 mm.

The test results are shown below. (Appearance) The appearance of the board was different in the degree of coloring between the board subjected to the heat treatment and the board not subjected to the heat treatment, and the board subjected to the heat treatment exhibited a more brownish color. (Strength) The results are shown in Table 4 and FIG.

[Table 4]

As is clear from Table 4 and FIG. 12, no significant difference was observed in the strength of the board depending on the presence or absence of the heat treatment at any of the attachment amounts.

(Water absorbency and swellability) The results are shown in Tables 5 and 6, and FIGS.

[Table 5]

[Table 6] * Expansion rate with respect to volume before water absorption

As is clear from the test results, when the amount of lignocresol impregnated is 5% or less, the board without heat treatment has a higher water absorption than the board with 10% and 20% impregnated with or without heat treatment. No difference was observed. Also, as for the volume expansion coefficient, when the amount of attachment is 5% or less, the board not subjected to the heat treatment has a larger volume expansion coefficient than the board subjected to the heat treatment. There was no significant difference between the two, and it corresponded to the result of the water absorption. That is, it was shown that depending on the amount of impregnation, the heat treatment could effectively act to improve the binder effect of lignocresol in some cases.

(Recovery rate) The results of tests on a board not subjected to heat treatment with 10% impregnation and a heat-treated board were 100.0% and 96.4%, respectively. Further, the molecular weight distribution of the lignocresol recovered from each was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography, and as shown in FIG. 15, any of the lignocresols was replaced with the molecular weight distribution of the lignocresol used for the impregnation. It was confirmed that no condensation occurred during board production.

[0065]

As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, there is provided a molded article which can be repeatedly used by effectively utilizing lignin which is a component of the lignocellulose complex structure of forest resources. Forest resources can be used effectively. Further, according to the third aspect, the lignin component can be recovered from the molded body using the lignin in a reusable manner, and the lignin component of the forest resources can be effectively used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first method for synthesizing a lignophenol derivative.

FIG. 2 shows a second method for synthesizing a lignophenol derivative.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a reaction between lignin and a phenol derivative through contact with a concentrated acid at an interface of the phenol derivative phase in a two-phase separation system of a phenol derivative phase and a concentrated acid phase.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where a phenol derivative is selectively introduced into the α-position of the side chain of lignin.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a partial structure of lignin that undergoes a structure change by the introduction of a phenol derivative at the α-position of the side chain of lignin.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a process for producing a lignophenol-based molded product using a cellulose-based fiber.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a molded article of a lignophenol-based molded article using a cellulose-based fiber.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a process for producing a molded article of a lignophenol-based molded article using a cellulose-based fiber.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a process for producing a lignophenol-based molded product using a cellulose-based fiber.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a step of recovering a lignophenol derivative from a lignophenol-based molded article.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a chromatogram of a lignophenol derivative recovered from the lignophenol-based molded product of Example 1 by gel chromatography.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a strength test result of a lignophenol-based molded product of Example 2.

FIG. 13 is a view showing the results of a water absorption test of a lignophenol-based molded product of Example 2.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a swelling rate test result of a lignophenol-based molded product of Example 2.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing a chromatogram of a lignophenol derivative recovered from the lignophenol-based molded product of Example 2 by gel chromatography.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kabayashi Kinoshita 1089 Kurimamachiyacho, Tsu-shi, Mie Prefecture Machiya Heights 203 (72) Inventor Isao Ami-gun, Aki-gun, Mie Prefecture Shimizu Shimizugaoka Danchi 903-41 (56) References JP-A-3-43442 (JP, A) JP-A-4-300949 (JP, A) JP-A-4-300950 (JP, A) JP-A-57-76056 (JP, A) JP-A-52-93444 (JP, A) JP-A-2-233701 (JP, A) JP-B-45-28593 (JP, B1) Construction of a recycled molded body by compounding lignophenol derivative-cellulose fiber, 1995 Proceedings of the Meeting of the Chapter, Vol.5, Japan, Chubu Chapter of the Japan Mood Society, October 16, 1995, 52-53 (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C08J 5/04 C08B 1 / 00 C08J 7/02

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] A molded article comprising a cellulose-based molding material and a lignophenol derivative obtained by adding a concentrated acid to a lignocellulosic material to which a phenol derivative has been added. 2. The molded article according to claim 1, wherein the lignophenol derivative has a structure in which α-position of a side chain of lignin is substituted with the phenol derivative. 3. The molded article according to claim 1, wherein said phenol derivative is cresol. 4. The molded article according to claim 1, wherein said molding material is a cellulosic fiber. 5. A lignocell to which a phenol derivative has been added.
Lignofenol obtained by adding concentrated acid to loin-based materials
Adding a cellulose derivative to a cellulose-based molding material, and using the lignophenol derivative as a binder,
Shaping the cellulosic molding, it has a capital, process for producing a molded article. 6. The lignophenol derivative is a lignophenol.
Cellulose as a solution or powder of the enol derivative
The production method according to claim 5, which is added to a metal-based molding material . 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said forming step is performed prior to said forming step.
In the process, dissolution of the added lignophenol derivative
The method according to claim 6, further comprising a step of distilling off the solvent of the liquid . 8. The method according to claim 8, wherein heating and / or
The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the method has a pressurizing step . 9. The cellulose molding material according to claim 1 , wherein
Preformed prior to the addition of the enol derivative ,
The method according to claim 5. 10. A molded article containing a cellulose-based molding material and a lignophenol derivative obtained by adding a concentrated acid to a lignocellulose-based material to which a phenol derivative has been added, or a small piece thereof, which has an affinity for the lignophenol derivative.
A method for treating a molded article , comprising a step of adding a solvent . 11. A solvent having an affinity for a lignophenol derivative is added.
The lignophenol derivative and / or
Or the step of recovering a cellulosic molding material . 12. Lignose to which a phenol derivative has been added.
Lignopheno obtained by adding concentrated acid to lurose-based material
A binder for a cellulosic molding material containing a cellulose derivative . 13. The binder according to claim 12, wherein said phenol derivative is cresol.