JP3289026B2 - Manufacturing method of tomato pigment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a simple method for improving oxidation, light, heat and storage stability, and has an average particle size of 0.2 to 1%.
Efficient production of tomato pigments containing 0 μm lycopene complex as a main component, having very little impurities (insoluble solids), almost tasteless and odorless, and suitable as natural pigments for cosmetics such as natural coloring for food and lipstick About the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a tomato concentrate which is crushed and degraded by a plant tissue-disintegrating enzyme, and then subjected to permeation through an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cutoff of about 120,000 to 200,000 to give a reddish tomato concentrate from a non-permeated part Is known (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-35).
No. 580). Further, an alkali is added to the crushed tomato to separate the carotenoid complex from the living tissue, and after removing unnecessary epidermis, seeds, fibers, and the like from the separated liquid, an acid is added to separate and precipitate the carotenoid pigment. There is known a method of obtaining a carotenoid content for red food coloring by adjusting the pH to approximately neutral to slightly alkaline and then concentrating the mixture, making it acidic by adding an acid thereto, and further adding salt to produce the carotenoid-containing substance for red food coloring (Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-1311). Reference).

[0003]

However, the former tomato concentrate contains abundant amounts of insoluble solids such as pulp, polysaccharides and proteins and soluble components such as sugars, acids and aroma components, and has a unique flavor of tomatoes. Has a disadvantage that it cannot be widely used as a tomato pigment because of its high concentration. Also,
The lycopene content also has the disadvantage of being small. Further, the latter carotenoid for coloring foods has a feature that the content of lycopene is high, but has a drawback that an alkali and an acid must be used in the production and the process is very complicated. Further, the product has a salty taste, and thus has a disadvantage that it is restricted when used as a tomato pigment in foods, cosmetics, and the like. Accordingly, the present invention provides a lycopene complex in a high concentration by a simple means, containing little impurities (insoluble solids) such as pulp, almost tasteless and odorless, as a natural coloring agent for foods and natural pigments for cosmetics such as lipsticks. An object of the present invention is to efficiently obtain a suitable tomato pigment.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve such problems, and as a result, the processed tomato product was centrifuged to collect a liquid portion, which was used to reduce the membrane pore size.
Perform permeation treatment using a 0.1 μm to 10 μm microfiltration membrane.
When the non-permeate side, the oxidation, light, heat and storage stability are high, the lycopene complex having an average particle size of 0.2 to 10 μm as a main component, and impurities (insoluble solids) are very small. The inventor has found that a tomato pigment which is almost tasteless and odorless and which is suitable as a natural pigment for foods and a natural pigment for cosmetics such as lipstick can be efficiently obtained, and based on this finding, completed the present invention. That is, in the present invention, the processed tomato product is centrifuged to collect a liquid portion, which is then subjected to a membrane pore size of 0.1 μm to 10
This is a method for producing a tomato pigment, comprising collecting a non-permeated substance by performing a permeation treatment using a microfiltration membrane of μm .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. Examples of the processed tomato product used in the present invention include a crushed tomato product, a crushed processed product, a pulp-treated product thereof, and a plant tissue degrading enzyme-treated product thereof. In particular,
Tomato paste obtained by grinding or rinsing the pulp of a tomato by a conventional method to remove the pericarp and seeds, or tomato paste obtained as it is or concentrated, tomato ketchup obtained by a conventional method, tomato puree obtained by a conventional method, and a conventional method And tomato juice obtained by the above method. Prior to centrifugation, the processed tomato product is almost or completely destroyed by a grinding treatment using mechanical shearing force such as a blender-type grinder and / or a plant tissue disruption enzyme treatment. It is preferable because a tomato pigment containing a high concentration of a lycopene complex can be easily obtained. Examples of the plant tissue-disintegrating enzymes include pectidase, pectinase, cellulase,
Hemicellulases, proteases, amylases, lipases and the like can be mentioned. Enzyme treatment should be performed at the optimum
H, preferably with gentle stirring near the optimum temperature. For example, when pectidase is used, pH 3 to
In step 4, it is preferable to perform the process at a temperature of 20 to 55 ° C. until the cell membrane and the cytoplasm are completely separated and the cells are completely disrupted.
The processed tomato product may be used as it is. However, it is preferable to subject the enzyme to heat treatment to completely inactivate the enzyme remaining in the tomato product, followed by centrifugation. If necessary, the processed tomato product is preferably subjected to coarse filtration using a coarse filter cloth or the like to remove water-insoluble solids floating on the processed tomato product, followed by centrifugation.

[0006] In order to carry out the present invention, the above-mentioned processed tomato product is centrifuged as it is, or after it is appropriately added with water and uniformly stirred to form an aqueous suspension. The amount of water is 1.5
It is preferably at least twice the volume, particularly preferably 2 to 5 times the volume. Such an aqueous suspension is preferable because a lycopene complex can be obtained at a high recovery rate, and a tasteless and odorless tomato pigment can be obtained by a washing effect due to contact with a large amount of water.

For centrifugation, any centrifugation method can be adopted, but in order to perform solid-liquid separation in a short time, it is preferable to employ high-speed centrifugation. As the conditions of the centrifugal force and the time, arbitrary conditions are adopted so that the recovered amount of the liquid portion becomes as large as possible when the processed tomato is separated into a liquid portion and a sedimentation portion by centrifugation.
It is preferable to employ 0 minutes or more.

In the present invention, this centrifugation is important, and by this operation, it is very easily separated into a semi-fluid (paste-like) solid content and a liquid portion. Since the lycopene complex contained in the processed tomato product is released in the liquid portion, if the liquid portion is recovered by centrifugation, the lycopene contained in the raw material can be recovered in good yield.

The liquid portion thus obtained contains the lycopene complex at a high concentration, and at the same time, contaminants derived from the raw materials (insoluble components such as pulp, polysaccharides, proteins, etc., and soluble components such as sugars, acids, and aroma components). Component) at a high concentration. In the present invention, this liquid portion can be separated into a non-permeate portion containing only the desired lycopene complex at a high concentration and a permeate portion containing the contaminant component at a high concentration by microfiltration. Microfiltration (mic) used in the present invention
rofilation, MF) is 0.1 to 10
This means that suspended particles of about μm are separated using a membrane. The microfiltration membrane used in the present invention may be of a tuber type, a capillary type, a spiral type or a hollow fiber type. As the filtration method, an arbitrary method such as a cross-flow filtration method, a feed and bleed method (Feed & Breed) method, a direct method or the like can be used. Specific examples of the microfiltration membrane include an organic membrane made of a polysulfone-based, fluorine-based, or polyolefin-based material, and an inorganic membrane made of a ceramic material. Specific examples of those made of organic film include NT
F-5201 (manufactured by Nitto Denki Kogyo), 5202 (manufactured by the company), 52005 (manufactured by the company), SF-501 (manufactured by Kuraray), PW-303 (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo), and inorganic films The ceramic membrane CEFI is an example made of
LT (manufactured by NGK Insulators, Ltd.). The operating pressure of the microfiltration membrane is a normal operating pressure of 0.1 to 8.0 kg / cm2,
The reaction is performed at a temperature of 10 to 80 ° C. Average pore size is 0.1 μm
When a smaller microfiltration membrane is used, not only the lycopene complex but also contaminant components (insoluble components such as pulp, polysaccharides, proteins, and soluble components such as sugars, acids, aroma components, etc.) from the liquid portion are simultaneously large. As a result, the purity of the lycopene complex of the final product is reduced, and conversely, the average pore size is 1
When larger than 0 μm, the average particle size is 0.2 to 10 μm
However, there is a disadvantage that the recovery amount of the lycopene complex of the present invention is reduced.

[0010] Next, in order to permeate the liquid portion with a microfiltration membrane, an appropriate microfiltration processing apparatus can be selected. For example, in the case of a tuber type ceramic filter, the membrane inlet temperature is 10 to 80 ° C., and the pump rotation speed is 20.
~50H _Z, inlet pressure 2.0~8.0kg / cm ² · G,
Outlet pressure 3.0-9.0 kg / cm ² · G, circulation amount 10
It is preferable to process at a condition of 条件 50 L / min.
Also, pre - in Totaipu ceramic filter machine, membrane inlet temperature 10 to 80 ° C., pump speed 20～60H _Z, inlet pressure 2.0~8.0kg / cm ² · G, outlet pressure 0.1
It is preferable to process under conditions of up to 5.0 kg / cm ² · G and a circulation rate of 50 to 150 l / min.

[0011] Thus, according to the present invention, oxidation, light, heat and heat are collected by a very simple means of centrifuging a processed tomato product to collect a liquid portion, and microfiltration of the liquid portion to collect a non-permeate. High storage stability, average particle size 0.2-1
It is possible to efficiently produce a tomato pigment containing a lycopene complex of 0 μm in an amount of 300 mg% or more and having a very small amount of impurities (insoluble solids) of 2% by weight or less. In addition, the lycopene complex of the present invention is a lycopene complex in which the hydrophobic bond of tomato lycopene is broken, and an amphiphilic polymer structure such as a tomato-derived protein or polysaccharide is bonded to the lycopene complex. Since it shows excellent solubility and suspension properties and is almost tasteless and odorless, it can be suitably used as a natural colorant for food and a natural dye for cosmetics such as lipstick. Also, when the vertical axis of the coordinates is the heating temperature and the horizontal axis is the heating time (minutes), 9
0 ° C: 7 minutes, 100 ° C: 3 minutes, 110 ° C: 3 minutes, 115
By performing the heat treatment under the conditions belonging to the upper part of the boundary line obtained by connecting the points of 3 ° C. and 118 ° C .: 0, a tomato pigment free of heat-resistant bacteria can be obtained.

The effects of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.

[0013]

Example 1 Tomato pulp was ground and strained by a conventional method to remove the pericarp, seeds, etc., and the water content was adjusted. The soluble solids (Brix) was 10.5%, and the viscosity measured with a Bostwick viscometer was 9%. An aqueous suspension of tomato paste of 0.8 cm / 30 seconds was prepared (see FIG. 2). This was circulated several times at 10,000 rpm using a blender-type attritor, and the tissue and cells of the tomato fruit were almost completely disintegrated by microscopic observation, and the viscosity was measured with a Bostwick viscometer. Was 6.8 cm / 30 seconds (the viscosity increased by 144% as compared to before the treatment) to obtain a processed tomato product (see FIG. 3). To this processed tomato product, a plant tissue-disintegrating enzyme pectolyase (manufactured by Seishin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was added under the conditions of pH 3.5 and a temperature of 30 ° C., and the disintegration reaction of the tomato fruit tissue and cells was performed with gentle stirring. And then heat-treated to deactivate the added enzyme, to obtain a processed product of tomato in which the cell membrane and the cell content were separated by microscopic observation and the tissue and cells were completely disrupted (see FIG. 4). ). Next, the processed tomato product was centrifuged at 6000 G for 20 minutes by a high-speed centrifugal separator (manufactured by Westphalia Separator Co., Ltd.), and a paste-like sediment containing a rich pulp content was obtained. A liquid portion having a red color and containing 15 mg% of the lycopene complex was separated. Then, the liquid portion was passed through a microfiltration membrane “NTF-5202 manufactured by Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
(2 μm, plate type). " (Operation conditions of microfiltration membrane) Membrane inlet temperature 14 to 32 ° C, pump rotation speed 40 Hz, inlet pressure 2. 8kg / cm ²・
G, outlet pressure 0.2 kg / cm ² · G, circulation volume 80 L /
Then, about 300 mg% of a lycopene complex having a paste-like dark red color and an insoluble solid content of about 1% were obtained from the non-permeate side of the upper part of the microfiltration membrane. (Note that the analysis of lycopene and insoluble solids was conducted by the Japan Tomato Processed Food Condiment Inspection Association,
Sources and Vinegars (PART I) ”, March 1981,
Analyzed on pages 8-9 and 21. )

[0014]

Example 2 An aqueous suspension having a soluble solids content (Brix) of 11.0% was prepared by adding water to a commercially available tomato paste.
This aqueous suspension was centrifuged at 6000 G for 20 minutes by a high-speed centrifugal separator (manufactured by Westphalia Separator Co., Ltd.), and a paste-like sediment rich in pulp content and a deep red color were removed. The lycopene complex was separated into a first liquid portion containing 17 mg%. Next, the pulp content was added to a thick paste-like sediment to prepare an aqueous suspension having a soluble solid content of 5.0%, which was again subjected to high-speed centrifugation and continuously at 6000 G for 20 minutes. The mixture was centrifuged to separate into a paste-like precipitate further containing the pulp component and a second liquid portion having a dark red color. Subsequently, the first liquid portion and the second liquid portion were mixed, and the mixture was subjected to a ceramic microfiltration membrane; CEFILT (membrane pore size: 0.2 μm, tuber type) manufactured by NGK Insulators, Ltd. (Operating conditions of ceramic microfiltration membrane) Membrane inlet temperature 21-
32 ° C., pump speed 40 Hz, inlet pressure 4. 2kg /
cm ² · G, outlet pressure 3.9 kg / cm ² · G, circulation amount 3
0 L / min. From the non-permeate side of the microfiltration membrane, a tomato pigment having a paste-like deep red color, about 500 mg% of lycopene complex, and about 1% of insoluble solids was obtained.

(Example of a scattering type particle size distribution measurement test of the tomato pigment obtained in Example 1 by laser diffraction method) Distilled water was added to the tomato pigment obtained in Example 1 to give a lycopene content of 128. A 0.5 mg% aqueous suspension was prepared and this suspension was
Using an LA-910 laser analysis / scattering type particle size distribution analyzer manufactured by ORIBA, under the following measurement conditions, the results shown in FIG. 1 were obtained. From these results, it was found that the tomato pigment obtained in the present invention had an average particle size of 0.2 to 10 μm. (Measurement conditions) Transmittance laser: 88.0% Distribution state: standard LAMP: 81.2% Number of times of incorporation: 10 times Refractive index: 1.20 to 0.001 Dispersion time: 0.0 minutes Stirring: 3 Circulation: 4 Ultrasonic time: 0.0 minutes Waiting time: 0 seconds (Display condition) Particle size standard: Number standard Particle size interval: Fixed interval Graph axis: logX-linear Y

(Example of Oxidation and Light Stability Test of Tomato Dye) An aqueous suspension of the tomato dye having a lycopene content of 128.5 mg% was prepared by a. At room temperature, b. In a thermostat at 37 ° C., c. Each was stored for 90 days in a light irradiation room, and the lycopene content was measured daily. Table 1 shows the results.

[0017]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that there is no change in the lycopene content in any of the categories, indicating that the tomato pigment of the present invention has high oxidative stability and light stability.

(Test Example of Color Stability of Tomato Pigment) The initial color tone is (L value = 22.5, a value = 32.8, b value = 12.
9, an Lb / a value of 8.85) was stored in a constant temperature room at 37 ° C. and a light irradiation room at 37 ° C. for 90 days, respectively, and the color tone was measured over time. Table 2 shows the results.

[0020]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the tomato pigment of the present invention has high color stability, since all the categories have almost the same color tone as the initial color tone.

(Example of thermal stability test of tomato pigment) An aqueous suspension of tomato pigment having a lycopene content of 128.5 mg% was mixed with 90
Heat treatment was performed at 130 ° C. for 1 to 7 minutes, and the lycopene content after the treatment was measured. Table 3 shows the results.

[0023]

[Table 3]

From the results in Table 3, the tomato pigment of the present invention was
There is almost no difference in lycopene content before and after heat treatment,
It turns out that heat stability is very high.

(Example of storage stability test of heat-treated tomato pigment) A water suspension of a tomato pigment having a lycopene content of 128.5 mg% was heated at 95 to 130 ° C for 5 minutes, and the resultant was heated to room temperature. For 90 days, and the lycopene content was measured over time. Table 4 shows the results.

[0026]

[Table 4]

From the results shown in Table 4, it can be seen that the lycopene content did not change in any of the categories and the storage stability was high.

(Example of Determining the Heat Sterilization Conditions of Heat-resistant Bacteria Contaminated in Tomato Pigment) 1 ml of an aqueous suspension of tomato pigment having a lycopene content of 128.5 mg% is placed in a 3 ml heat-resistant vial bottle, and the tomato is added to the suspension. A few drops of heat-resistant bacterium pre-culture solution (obtained by inoculating the heat-resistant bacterium in a normal liquid nutrient medium and culturing at 35 ° C. for 24 hours) were mixed with the heat-resistant bacterium, and the heat-resistant bacterium was contaminated. A tomato pigment was prepared. The aqueous suspension of this tomato pigment is prepared at 90 to 130 ° C for 1 to 7
After the heat treatment, the number of residual bacteria after the treatment was measured. Table 5 shows the results.

[0029]

[Table 5]

From the results in Table 5, the tomato pigment of the present invention was
When the ordinate of the coordinates is the heating temperature and the abscissa is the heating time (min), 90 ° C .: 7 minutes, 100 ° C .: 3 minutes, 110 ° C .:
3 minutes, 115 ° C .: 3 minutes and 118 ° C .: 0 minutes. By performing the heat treatment under the conditions belonging to the upper part of the boundary obtained by connecting the points, the tomato pigment without any heat-resistant bacteria can be obtained. It can be seen that it can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the results of a scattering particle size distribution measurement of a water suspension of tomato pigment by a laser diffraction method.

FIG. 2 shows the results of observation of a processed tomato product under a microscope (× 100) (tissue of tomato fruit, state before destruction of cells).

FIG. 3 shows observation results of a processed tomato product after grinding by a microscope (100 ×).

FIG. 4 shows the results of microscopic observation of a processed product of tomato treated with a cell wall disrupting enzyme after grinding.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-308168 (JP, A) JP-B-55-1311 (JP, B1) JP-B-59-35580 (JP, B1) (58) Field (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C09B 61/00 C09B 67/54

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A processed tomato product is centrifuged to collect a liquid portion, which is then subjected to microfiltration having a membrane pore size of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.
A method for producing a tomato pigment, wherein a non-permeate is collected by permeation treatment using a membrane . 2. A processed tomato product is centrifuged to collect a liquid portion, which is then subjected to microfiltration having a pore size of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.
A natural colorant for foods comprising, as an active ingredient, a tomato pigment obtained by collecting a non-permeate by a permeation treatment using a membrane . 3. The processed tomato product is centrifuged to collect a liquid portion, which is then subjected to microfiltration with a membrane pore size of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.
A natural pigment for cosmetics comprising as an active ingredient a tomato pigment obtained by collecting a non-permeate by permeation treatment using a membrane .