JP3288007B2 - Step motor type valve device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a step motor type valve device which is driven to be opened and closed by a step motor, and more particularly to a valve device which is suitably applied to an intake throttle valve of a diesel engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since the output adjustment of a diesel engine is mainly performed by controlling the fuel injection amount, conventionally, the intake air amount control has not been required to have very high accuracy. However, in order to meet the increasing demand for emission improvement in recent years, it has become necessary to secure a large amount of EGR through a large amount of exhaust gas recirculation (hereinafter referred to as “EGR”). In order to secure the above EGR amount, it is becoming necessary to precisely control the amount of intake air to the diesel engine itself. In order to enable such fine control of intake air volume, the development of a step motor type intake throttle valve device capable of high-precision opening control independently of the accelerator pedal without interlocking with the accelerator pedal has been promoted. ing.

Such a valve device includes a step motor which is drivingly connected to a shaft of an intake throttle valve, and based on a predetermined step position of the step motor as a reference, based on the number of steps of rotating the motor from that position. The opening degree control is performed by opening and closing the intake throttle valve.

[0004]

By the way, in order to control the opening of the intake throttle valve by such a device, it is necessary that the step position of the step motor and the opening of the intake throttle valve always correspond. However, in such a valve device, the step position and the opening degree of the intake throttle valve correspond to the step position due to step-out of the step motor or interruption of the power supply to the step motor when the engine is stopped. Relationships may be disrupted. For this reason, in such a valve device, it is usually necessary to perform an initialization process for initializing the correspondence and correcting a deviation or the like.

Conventionally, a step motor type valve device for performing initialization in a manner described in, for example, JP-A-3-57852 is also known, but in the case of this device, the following accuracy with respect to the initialization accuracy is as follows. The inconvenience is not negligible.

That is, in this device, a switch is provided for switching the on / off state at a predetermined opening of the intake throttle valve, and the step of the step motor at the time when the on / off state of the switch is switched The position is used as a reference step position to initialize the correspondence between the opening degree of the intake throttle valve and the step position of the step motor.
Since there is hysteresis in the switching of the OFF state, a difference occurs in the opening degree of the intake throttle valve by the amount of the hysteresis when the switch is switched from ON to OFF and when the switch is switched from OFF to ON. In other words, when the switch is switched from on to off and when it is switched from off to on, the step position of the step motor to be initialized and the opening degree of the intake throttle valve have different correspondences. Become a relationship. And
By controlling the opening degree of the intake throttle valve based on such different correspondences, the stability and reliability of the control system are naturally low.

It should be noted that not only the intake throttle valve but also the step motor type valve device generally has such a situation concerning the initialization processing. The present invention
It was made in view of the above situation, and the purpose is
It is an object of the present invention to provide a stepping motor type valve device capable of improving initialization accuracy and performing more reliable and stable valve control.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a step number control based on a predetermined step position of a step motor drivingly connected to an intake throttle valve of a diesel engine. A step motor type valve device that opens and closes the valve based on the switch means that switches between an on / off state when the intake throttle valve is at a fully open position or a position in the vicinity thereof, and the switch.
Off again when the switch switches from off to on
Until it is switched to
From when it switches to off until it switches back on
Drive the step motor and turn it on and off again ,
Or initialization means for initializing and setting the predetermined step position of the step motor based on only one of switching from off to on again; and the initialization means.
When driving the step motor according to the initialization setting of
A drive step corresponding to the hysteresis of the switch means
Do not exceed the specified number of drive steps
And limiting means for limiting the driving of the step motor.
I am trying to.

As described above, the switch means usually has a hysteresis due to a difference in the switching direction of the on / off state. According to the above configuration, when the switch means switches from the on state to the off state, or when the switch means is turned off. Since the correspondence between the step position of the step motor and the opening degree of the intake throttle valve is initialized and set only when switching from the state to the ON state, the influence of such hysteresis is preferably avoided. The initialization of the correspondence is performed with high accuracy. And, by increasing the initialization accuracy in this way, more reliable and stable valve control can be realized.

[0010]

According to a further this configuration, since the initialization is performed when the intake throttle valve is in fully open position or its vicinity, the intake air amount than the required amount in the combustion chamber also diesel engine during initialization Will be secured. That is, the above initialization can be performed without hindering the start and operation of the diesel engine.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which a step motor type valve device according to the present invention is applied to an intake throttle valve of a diesel engine will be described below in detail.

First, an outline of a diesel engine provided with a valve device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. An intake passage 2 is connected to a combustion chamber 12 of the diesel engine 1 via an intake valve (not shown). An air cleaner 3 for filtering the intake air, a pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure (atmospheric pressure) of the intake air, and an intake temperature sensor 78 for detecting the temperature of the intake air are provided in the intake passage 2 from the upstream side. An intake throttle valve 4 for adjusting the amount of intake air introduced into the combustion chamber 12 is provided.

The intake throttle valve 4 is opened and closed by a stepping motor 40 and a drive mechanism 5 mainly composed of a gear group for drivingly connecting the step motor 40 and the intake throttle valve 4. The drive of the step motor 40 is controlled by an electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as “ECU”) 19 for performing various controls of the diesel engine 1. Further, the drive mechanism 5 is provided with a full-open switch 39 that is turned on when the intake throttle valve 4 is located closer to the open side than a predetermined position near the fully open state.

On the other hand, in the intake passage 2, further downstream of the intake throttle valve 4, a branch is made from an exhaust passage 7 connected to the combustion chamber 12 via an exhaust valve (not shown), and merges into the intake passage 2. EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) passage 8 is connected. The EGR passage 8 is provided with an EGR control valve 9 which is opened and closed by an actuator 10 such as a diaphragm controlled by the ECU 19. The amount of intake air is adjusted by the intake throttle valve 4 and the amount of EGR is adjusted by the EGR control valve 9 to adjust the amount of EG for the amount of intake air introduced into the combustion chamber 12.
The ratio of the R amount, that is, the EGR ratio can be freely set. That is, appropriate EGR control can be performed over the entire operation range of the diesel engine 1.

The auxiliary combustion chamber 1 of the diesel engine 1
3 is provided with an injection nozzle 11 for injecting fuel. This fuel injection nozzle 11 is connected to a fuel injection pump 14. The fuel injection pump 14 is driven based on the rotation of the output shaft 23 of the diesel engine 1 and pressurizes and supplies fuel to the injection nozzle 11. Also,
The fuel injection pump 14 includes a timer control valve 15 and a spill valve 16 for adjusting the injection timing and injection amount of the fuel injected from the injection nozzle 11. The operations of the timer control valve 15 and the spill valve 16 are also controlled by the ECU 19.

A rotor (not shown) that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the output shaft of the diesel engine 1 is provided in the fuel injection pump 14, and a protrusion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is detected. A rotation speed sensor 17 comprising an electromagnetic pickup for outputting a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation speed is provided. This rotation speed sensor 17
Is taken into the ECU 19 as a signal contributing to the calculation of the rotational speed of the diesel engine 1.

The ECU 19 also stores accelerator opening information (accelerator opening information) detected by the accelerator opening sensor 18 including atmospheric pressure information detected by the pressure sensor 6 and intake air temperature information detected by the intake air temperature sensor 78. Pedal depression information) and IG (ignition)
ON / OFF information of switch 20, starter switch 21
And the cooling water temperature information detected by the water temperature sensor 77 are also taken in.

Next, the details of the drive mechanism 5 for opening and closing the intake throttle valve 4 will be described with reference to FIGS.
2 is a side sectional structure of the intake throttle valve 4 and its driving mechanism 5, FIG. 3 is a front view of the driving mechanism 5, and FIG. 4 is a driven gear 29 provided in the driving mechanism 5 and its driven gear 29. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional structure of a peripheral portion.

As shown in FIG. 2, an intake throttle valve 4 for varying the opening area of the intake passage 2 and adjusting the amount of intake air flowing through the passage 2 is rotatable integrally with a valve shaft 26. Fixed. The valve shaft 26 is rotatably supported by a throttle body 25 connected to the intake passage 2. One end (the upper end in FIG. 2) of the valve shaft 26 is connected to the throttle body 25 via a return spring 27. And, the valve shaft 26 and the intake throttle valve 4
Is biased in a direction to open the intake throttle valve 4 by the biasing force of the return spring 27.

On the other hand, a driven gear 29 provided in a gear box 28 mounted on the throttle body 25 is integrally rotatably attached to the other end (the lower end in FIG. 2) of the valve shaft 26. The driven gear 29 is meshed with a second intermediate gear 37 rotatably supported by a support shaft 35 provided in the gear box 28. Further, a first intermediate gear 36 that rotates integrally with the second intermediate gear 37 is attached to the support shaft 35. This first intermediate gear 3
Reference numeral 6 meshes with a drive gear 38 attached to the output shaft 41 of a step motor 40 mounted on the gear box 28 so as to be integrally rotatable. That is, the rotation of the output shaft 41 driven by the step motor 40 is transmitted to the valve shaft 26 via the driving gear 38, the first intermediate gear 36, the second intermediate gear 37, and the driven gear 29. The rotation of the valve shaft 26 drives the intake throttle valve 4 to open and close.

As shown in FIG. 3, the valve shaft 26 has a lever 3 having two arms 32a and 32b.
2 is rotatably mounted. This lever 32 is connected to the driven gear 29 via a relief spring 31. The lever 32 is connected to the relief spring 3
The driven gear 29 is urged in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. One of the arms 32b provided on the lever 32 is bent in an L-shape and extends toward the driven gear 29. The distal end of the arm 32b is engaged in a groove 30 formed in the driven gear 29, as shown in FIG. The lever 32 is relatively rotatable with respect to the driven gear 29 by the gap between the groove 30 and the tip of the arm 32b. However, usually, the tip of the arm portion 32b is
Due to the urging force of 1, the groove 30 is in contact with the side wall on the counterclockwise direction centering on the valve shaft 26. In this state, the driven gear 29 and the lever 32 are integrally rotated.

At the tip of the other arm 32 a provided on the lever 32, there is provided a pressing portion 33 which can abut on a fully open switch 39 provided in the gear box 28. The pressing portion 33 is in contact with the full-open switch 39 at the full-open position of the intake throttle valve 4, and can turn on the full-open switch 39. Note that, in the present embodiment, the intake throttle valve 4 is rotatable further in the opening side than the fully open position. Here, the fully open position refers to the position of the intake throttle valve 4 when the opening area of the intake passage 2 is maximized. Then, when the intake throttle valve 4 is further driven in the opening direction from the fully opened position, further opening drive is eventually restricted by a stopper (not shown). Hereinafter, the position of the intake throttle valve 4 at this time is referred to as a maximum opening position.

Further, a not-shown fully closed stopper is provided on the shaft portion opposite to the gear box 28. The fully closed stopper comes into contact with the stopper at a position where the intake throttle valve 4 is in the fully closed position.
Is restricted in the closing direction. Here, the fully closed position means the position of the intake throttle valve 4 when the opening area of the intake passage 2 is minimum, that is, 0. However, at this time, the driven gear 29 can rotate further in the closing direction than the fully closed position. When the driven gear 29 further rotates in the closing direction from the position where the rotation of the lever 32 is restricted by the contact of the stopper, the driven gear 29 is urged in the opening direction by the urging force of the relief spring 31. Will be done.

Next, an electric circuit configuration showing a control system of the diesel engine 1 will be described with reference to a block diagram shown in FIG. The ECU 19 reads out various control programs for controlling the fuel injection amount, the fuel injection timing, the EGR control, the intake air amount, etc. of the diesel engine 1 and maps for calculating values corresponding to various conditions. A dedicated memory (ROM) 61 is provided. Also, ECU
Reference numeral 19 denotes a central processing unit (CPU) 60 for executing arithmetic processing based on a program stored in the ROM 61.
And a random access memory (RAM) 62 for temporarily storing the result of calculation by the CPU 60 and data input from each sensor and the like.
R to maintain the power supply even when the power supply is cut off
AM63 and the like. These CPU 60 and ROM 6
1, a RAM 62 and a backup RAM 63 are connected to a bus 6
4 and an external input circuit 6
6 and an external output circuit 67.

On the other hand, in the ECU 19, input signals from the pressure sensor 6, the accelerator opening sensor 18, the water temperature sensor 77, and the intake air temperature sensor 78 are temporarily stored in a buffer 69. The input signals stored in each buffer 69 are sequentially selected by the multiplexer 68 based on the instruction of the CPU 60, converted into digital signals by the A / D converter 65, and sent to the external input circuit 66. The pulse-like input signal from the rotation speed sensor 17 is sent to the external input circuit 66 after being binarized by the waveform shaping circuit 71. Furthermore, IG switch 2
0, the state of the starter switch 21 and the state of the fully open switch 39 are also transmitted as on / off information of those switches.
The IG switch 20 is a switch for controlling start / stop of the engine, and is turned on when the engine is started and turned off when the engine is stopped. The starter switch 21 is a switch for driving a starter motor for starting the engine, and is turned on when the starter motor rotates,
It turns off when stopped.

On the other hand, an external output circuit 67 of the ECU 19 includes a drive circuit 72 of the step motor 40 and the EG
Driving circuit 73 of the actuator 10 for opening and closing the R control valve 9, driving circuit 74 of the timer control valve 15 (more precisely, its hydraulic valve) of the fuel injection pump 14, and driving of the spill valve 16 of the fuel injection pump 14 Circuit 7
5 is connected. A command signal is sent to each of the drive circuits 72 to 75 based on the calculation result of the CPU 60. Then, each of the drive circuits 72 to 75 transmits the step motor 40 and the actuator 1 based on the command signal.
0, the timer control valve 15 and the spill valve 16 are respectively driven.

Next, the configuration of the step motor 40 and the control mode thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 shows a plan sectional structure of the step motor 40, and FIG.
2 shows a cross-sectional side structure of the motor 40. As shown in these figures, the step motor 40 is roughly composed of a rotor 42 that can rotate integrally with the output shaft 41, and two stator cups provided to surround the rotor 42, that is, A It comprises a phase stator cup 44 and a B-phase stator cup 45. A permanent magnet 43 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 42 so as to be integrally rotatable. This permanent magnet 4
3 shows the stepping motor 40 shown in FIGS.
As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view, N poles and S poles of magnetic poles are alternately formed at predetermined angular intervals.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the A-phase stator cup 44 and the B-phase stator cup 45 have a ring shape, and the rotor 42 is rotatable in a hollow portion thereof. Is housed. These stator cups 44 and 45
Inside, two sets of coils are provided, that is, an Ap phase coil 46 and an An phase coil 47, or a Bp phase coil 48 and a Bn phase coil 49. These coils 46 to 49 are wound in the same direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, in the stator cups 44 and 45, the inner periphery of the hollow portion in which the rotor 42 is housed, as shown in FIGS. The upper teeth 50 and the lower teeth 51 (A-phase stator cup 44) or the upper teeth 52 at the same predetermined angular intervals as the magnetic poles of the magnet 43.
And lower teeth 53 (B-phase stator cup 45) are formed alternately. These upper teeth 50 and 52 and lower teeth 51 and 53
Are excited when a voltage is applied to the coils 46 to 49. Note that the teeth 50 and 51 provided on the A-phase stator cup 44 and the teeth 52 and 53 provided on the B-phase stator cup 45 are shifted by half of the predetermined angle, that is, by half a tooth. Position.

Next, the electric circuit configuration of the step motor 40 and its drive circuit 72 will be described with reference to FIG.
9A and 9B, the stepping motor 40
The relationship between the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 42 and the inner peripheral portions of the stator cups 44 and 45 is schematically shown in a form developed in a plane. In FIG. 9, the electric circuit configuration is also schematically shown in a simplified manner in order to easily explain the function of the drive circuit 72.

Ap provided in the A-phase stator cup 44
A voltage is applied to the phase coil 46 and the An phase coil 47 by a DC power supply 58. The drive circuit 72 includes an Ap-phase coil switch 54 and an An-phase coil switch 5 for allowing or interrupting application of voltage to each of the coils 47 and 48.
5 are provided. By turning on each of the coil switches 54 and 55, a voltage is applied to each of the coils 47 and 48, and the upper teeth 50 and the lower teeth 51 are excited. Although the coils 47 and 48 are wound in the same direction as described above, the directions of the currents applied to the coils 47 and 48 are opposite as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). It is configured so that Therefore, when the voltage is applied to the Ap-phase coil 46 and when the voltage is applied to the An-phase coil 47, the upper teeth 50 and the lower teeth 51 are excited to different poles. That is, when a voltage is applied to the Ap-phase coil 46, the upper teeth 50 are excited to the N pole and the lower teeth 51 are excited to the S pole. On the other hand, An
When a voltage is applied to the phase coil 47, the upper teeth 50
The lower teeth 51 are excited to the N pole.

A similar electric circuit configuration is employed in the B-phase stator cup 45, and the Bp-phase coil switch 56 and the Bn-phase coil switch 57 are selectively turned on and off by the coils 48 and 49. Is applied with a voltage. By applying a voltage to the Bp phase coil 48, the upper teeth 52 are excited to the N pole, and the lower teeth 53 are excited to the S pole.
Is excited to the S pole, and the lower teeth 53 are excited to the N pole.

Next, the operating principle of the step motor 40 driven by the drive circuit 72 will be described with reference to FIGS. The drive circuit 72 includes the CPU 6
0, and operates on one of the coils 46 and 47 of the A-phase stator cup 44 and one of the coils 48 and 49 of the B-phase stator cup 45 simultaneously or on each of the stator cups 44. , 45 to one of the coils 46 to 49. FIG. 10 shows an energization state of each of the coils 46 to 49 of the step motor 40.

The drive circuit 72 selectively switches among eight excitation phase modes 0 to 7 as shown in FIG. As apparent from FIG. 10, in the case of the odd-numbered excitation phase mode, the coils 46, 47 and 48, 4 of the stator cups 44, 45 are provided.
A voltage is applied to each of the coils 9 at a time, and in the case of an even number, a voltage is applied to only one of the coils 46 to 49.

FIG. 9A shows an aspect of the drive circuit 72 and the step motor 40 in the excitation phase mode 1 (the value of the lower 3 bits of elstep = 1) shown in FIG. At this time, the drive circuit 72 closes the Ap-phase coil switch 54 and the Bp-phase coil switch 56, and applies a voltage to the Ap-phase coil 46 and the Bp-phase coil 48. By applying a voltage to these coils 46 and 48, the upper teeth 50 of the A-phase stator cup 44 become the N pole, the lower teeth 51 become the S pole, and similarly, the upper teeth 52 of the B phase stator cup 45 become the north pole. The lower teeth 53 are excited to the N pole and the lower teeth 53 are excited to the S pole. At this time, the S-pole of the permanent magnet 43 of the rotor 42 has the upper teeth 50 of the A-phase stator cup 44 and the upper teeth 52 of the B-phase stator cup 45 excited to the N-pole.
At the center of the upper teeth 50 and 52. Similarly, the N-pole of the permanent magnet 43 of the rotor 42 is connected to the A-phase stator cup 44 excited to the S-pole.
The lower teeth 51 and the lower teeth 53 of the B-phase stator cup 45 are attracted to the lower teeth 51 and 53, and are drawn to an intermediate position between the lower teeth 51 and 53. Thus, the rotor 42 has the S
The pole is rotated so that the pole is located at a position between the upper teeth 50 and 52 and the N pole of the permanent magnet 43 is also located at a position between the lower teeth 51 and 53.

Thereafter, when the excitation phase mode is changed from mode 1 to mode 3, as shown in FIG. 10, the driving circuit 72 switches so that a voltage is applied to the An phase coil 47 and the Bp phase coil 48. The settings are made. FIG. 9B shows an aspect of the drive circuit 72 and the step motor 40 in the excitation phase mode 3 (the value of the lower 3 bits of elstep = 3). At this time, the upper teeth 50 of the A-phase stator cup 44 are excited to the S pole, the lower teeth 51 are excited to the N pole, the upper teeth 52 of the B phase stator cup 45 are excited to the N pole, and the lower teeth 53 are excited to the S pole. Become so. Thus, the S pole of the permanent magnet 43 of the rotor 42 becomes the lower teeth 51 of the A-phase stator cup 44 excited to the N pole.
And the N-pole of the permanent magnet 43 is similarly attracted to the intermediate position between the upper teeth 52 of the B-phase stator cup 45 and the upper teeth 50 of the A-phase stator cup 44 and the B-phase stator. The suction is performed at a position intermediate the lower teeth 53 of the cup 45. Thus, the rotor 42 is rotated rightward by half a tooth in FIG. 9, and the output shaft 41 is rotated clockwise by half the predetermined angle. In the present embodiment, the output shaft 41
When the (rotor 42) rotates rightward in FIG. 9, the intake throttle valve 4 is closed, and when the rotor 42 rotates leftward, the valve 4 is opened.

As described above, the drive circuit 72 switches the excitation phase mode so that the output shaft 41 of the step motor 40
Specifically, by switching the excitation phase mode in descending order, the intake throttle valve 4 is opened, and by switching the excitation phase mode in ascending order, the intake throttle valve 4 is closed. The output shaft 41 is rotated.

By the way, in the control device of the present embodiment, when the step motor 40 is rotated, the two excitation methods are selectively used. That is, the excitation phase mode is changed one by one, specifically, the excitation phase mode is changed from mode 0 → mode 1 →
Mode 2... Or Mode 2 → Mode 1 → Mode 0... And a mode in which a mode in which only one coil is excited and a mode in which two coils are simultaneously excited are alternately repeated (hereinafter referred to as “1- Two-phase excitation method) and two excitation phase modes so that the excitation phase mode always has an odd number. More specifically, the excitation phase mode is changed from mode 1 to mode 3 to mode 5 or mode 5 to mode. The mode is switched from mode 3 to mode 1... And is rotated using only the mode in which two coils are simultaneously excited (hereinafter referred to as “2
Phase excitation method "). 1-
In the case of the two-phase excitation method, the rotation angle of the rotor 42 of the step motor 40 per switching of the excitation phase mode can be set finely, and the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 can be finely controlled. On the other hand, in the case of the two-phase excitation method, the rotation angle of the rotor 42 per switching of the excitation phase mode can be increased, and the opening and closing speed of the intake throttle valve 4 can be increased. In this way, by using the two excitation methods properly according to the situation, it is possible to achieve both improvement in accuracy and improvement in followability in controlling the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4.

In the present embodiment, the opening angle of the intake throttle valve 4 is controlled by defining the rotation angle per switching of the excitation phase mode in the 1-2-phase excitation method as one step. Therefore, in the case of the two-phase excitation method, the motor is rotated by two steps each time the excitation phase mode is switched.

Next, a method of driving the step motor 40 during the normal operation of the intake throttle valve 4 will be described. The CPU 60 of the ECU 19 calculates the target opening of the intake throttle valve 4 based on the detection signals of the various sensors and the engine operating state, and calculates the target step elstrg of the step motor 40 corresponding to the target opening. Note that the target step elstrg is defined as the number of steps from a reference step position where the step position of the step motor 40 at the fully open position of the intake throttle valve 4 is set to “0 step”. The larger the opening is on the closing side, the larger the value is set. The target step elstrg is corrected by the coolant temperature detected by the water temperature sensor 77, the intake air temperature detected by the intake air temperature sensor 78, the atmospheric pressure detected by the pressure sensor 6, and the like. The CPU 60 determines the target step els
Difference elsd between trg and current step elsact
The drive of the stepping motor 40 is controlled using l. In addition,
This current step elsact is similarly defined as the number of steps from the reference step position, and is set to a larger value as the current opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 is closer to the closing side.

The difference elsdl is a positive value, that is, the target step elstrg is the current step elsact.
If the current opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 is larger than the target opening degree, the stepping motor 4 is switched in the ascending order of the excitation phase mode so that the intake throttle valve 4 is closed.
The output shaft 41 is rotated. On the other hand, the difference elsofd
When l is a negative value, that is, when the target step elstrg is smaller than the current step elsact and the current opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 is closer to the target opening degree, the excitation phase mode is switched in descending order. The output shaft 41 of the step motor 40 is rotated in a direction to open the intake throttle valve 4. In this way, the drive control of the step motor 40 is performed so that the current opening of the intake throttle valve 4 matches the target opening.

In this embodiment, when the excitation phase of the step motor 40 is one phase, or when the target step el
When the difference between strg and the current step elsact is one step, the step motor 40 is driven one step at a time in a 1-2-phase excitation mode, that is, every switching cycle of the excitation phase. In other cases, the step motor 40 is driven by a two-phase excitation method in which the step motor 40 is driven by two steps every switching period of the excitation phase.

When the stepping motor 40 is out of synchronization or the engine is stopped, the power supply to the drive circuit 72 of the stepping motor 40 is cut off, and the reference step position and the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 as viewed from the ECU 19 side. May not be able to grasp the exact correspondence between In the above normal operation, the target step elstrg and the current step elsr
Step motor 40 using the difference elsdl from act
Is performed, the target step e
Since lstrg and the current step elsact are defined as the number of steps from the reference step position as described above, if the correspondence between the reference step position and the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 cannot be grasped in this way, the intake throttle This causes a state in which accurate opening control of the valve 4 cannot be performed. Therefore, in such a case, it is necessary to initialize the above-mentioned correspondence and perform the initialization processing of the reference step position for correcting the deviation.

Hereinafter, such initialization processing will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11 is a flowchart of an initialization routine showing a control mode of the step motor 40 during the initialization processing of the reference step position in the present embodiment.

The processing of this routine is executed when either of the following initialization processing execution conditions is satisfied or when step-out of the step motor 40 is confirmed.

In this embodiment, the execution conditions of the initialization processing are as follows: the IG switch 20 is turned on, the starter switch 21 is turned off, and the engine speed NE calculated from the detection signal of the speed sensor 17 is 500 to 500. 2000 rp
m, and the initialization process has not been executed yet after the start of the engine. While the starter motor for starting the engine is rotating, the voltage supply to the various electric devices of the engine 1 such as the step motor 40 and its drive circuit 72 becomes unstable, and the initialization process may not be performed normally. . Further, when the engine speed NE becomes higher than a certain level, the vibration generated by the diesel engine 1 increases, and chattering easily occurs when the full-open switch 39 is turned on / off. May not be performed. Under the above conditions, it is possible to eliminate these unstable elements and execute normal initialization processing.

Further, in this embodiment, it is checked whether the full-open switch 39 is turned on every time the intake throttle valve 4 is fully opened, and the full-open switch 39 is turned off except when the intake throttle valve 4 is fully opened. Is always checked. If an abnormality is confirmed by such a confirmation process, an initialization process is executed because there is a possibility that the step motor 40 may lose synchronism. Therefore, as long as no abnormality is confirmed during the confirmation process, the initialization process needs to be executed only once after the current engine start.

The drive control of the step motor 40 is performed during the processing of this routine. However, the reference step position is not determined until the processing of this routine is completed. There is no control. Therefore, during the processing of this routine, the drive control of the step motor 40 is performed by directly adding or subtracting the command value elsof at the time of the initialization processing output to the drive circuit 72. The command value elso during this initialization process
f completely corresponds to the mode number of the excitation phase mode (FIG. 10), that is, the value (0 to 7) of the lower three bits of the excitation phase corresponding step elstep. Therefore, in the case of the present embodiment, the value of the command value elsof is always set to a value from “0” to “7”. Thus C
The PU 60 outputs the command value elsof at the time of the initialization process to the drive circuit 72 to drive the step motor 40.
The drive circuit 72 changes the excitation phase of the step motor 40 so as to be in the excitation phase mode corresponding to the command value elsof. At this time, the CPU 60 sets the command value el during the initialization process.
The operation amount of the intake throttle valve 4 is estimated by counting the number of times of addition and subtraction of the sof by the counter elsofc. During the processing of this routine, the initial value of the command value elsof in the initialization processing is set to “1”, and the value is set to 2
The intake throttle valve 4 is opened and closed by two steps by adding and subtracting each time. That is, during the processing of this routine, the drive control of the step motor 40 is performed by the two-phase excitation method.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the process of the CPU 60 shifts to this routine, first, in a process S100, the CPU 60 checks the ON / OFF state of the fully open switch 39. At this time, if the full-open switch 39 is turned on, it is estimated that the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 is at the full-open position or is located further open than the full-open position. In the present embodiment, as described above, since the intake throttle valve 4 can be opened further to the open side than the fully open position, the intake throttle valve 4 is moved from the fully open position at the start of the processing of this routine. May be located further on the open side.

As a result of the process S100, the fully open switch 3
9 is on, the CPU 60 proceeds to step S101.
, The counter elsofc is reset, that is, the value of the counter elsofc is set to “0”. After that, CP
U60 drives the intake throttle valve 4 toward the closing side by two steps in step S102. Specifically, the CPU 60
The value of the command value elsof at the time of the initialization process is added with 2, and the command value elsof is output to the drive circuit 72.
The drive circuit 72 changes the excitation phase mode based on the command value elsof, rotates the step motor 40 by two steps, and drives the intake throttle valve 4 to the closing side.

Thereafter, in step S103, the counter e
"2" is added to the value of lsofc. And processing S10
In 4, the CPU 60 checks the on / off state of the fully open switch 39 and determines whether the switch 39 has been switched from on to off. At this time, the fully open switch 39
Is turned off, it means that the intake throttle valve 4 has been closed to the closed side from the fully open position. In this case, the CPU 60 shifts to processing S106. On the other hand, if the full-open switch 39 remains closed, the CPU 60 proceeds to the process S105. In this processing S105, the counter elsofc is compared with a constant k1. The constant k1 is the number of steps of the step motor 40 corresponding to the amount of operation of the intake throttle valve 4 from the maximum opening position to the full opening position. In actuality, the initialization process is started in consideration of the hysteresis of the full-open switch 39 and the variation in the mounting position of the stopper that restricts the intake throttle valve 4 from driving beyond the maximum opening position. Even if the intake throttle valve 4 is positioned at the maximum opening position, if the intake throttle valve 4 is driven in the closing direction by a constant k1 step, the above-mentioned margin is taken into account to ensure that the intake throttle valve 4 is positioned closer to the closing position than the fully open position. A value slightly larger than the operation amount is set. If the value of the counter elsofc is equal to or smaller than the constant k1, the CPU 60
Returns to step S102. That is, the counter elsof
Until the value of c becomes equal to or greater than k1 or the full-open switch 39 is turned off, the CPU
A step 60 repeats the processing from the processing S102 to the processing S105, and continues to drive the intake throttle valve 4 to the closing side by two steps.

In step S105, the counter e
When the value of lsoff becomes equal to or greater than the constant k1, it is estimated that some abnormality has occurred in any of the intake throttle valve 4, the drive mechanism 5 including the step motor 40, or the control device. That is, in this case, even if the intake throttle valve 4 is at the maximum opening position at the start of the processing of this routine, the intake throttle valve 4 has already exceeded the full open position if the normal operation is performed. Drive to the close side, and the fully open switch 39 should have been switched off. At this time, if the full-open switch 39 has not been switched off yet, the disconnection of the step motor 40 or the fixation of the drive unit, the gears 29, 3 of the intake throttle valve 4 or the drive mechanism 5, or the like.
Some trouble occurs, for example, whether the opening and closing drive of the intake throttle valve 4 cannot be performed due to the adhesion of 6, 37, 38 or the like, or the switch 39 cannot be turned on / off due to the failure of the full-open switch 39. Means that Therefore, in this case, the CPU 60 turns on the control abnormality flag in step S118, and ends the processing of this routine once. When the control abnormality flag is turned on, the CPU 60 holds the excitation phase mode at the current step position and fixes the opening of the intake throttle valve 4 as a subsequent process. Stop control.

If it is determined in step S104 that the fully open switch 39 has been switched from on to off, the CPU 60 determines in step S106 that the counter el
sofc is reset again. Then, as the processing from processing S107 to processing S110, the counter elsofc is performed in the same manner as the processing from processing S102 to processing S105.
The step motor 40 is rotated by two steps while counting the number of steps driven by. However, this time, the step motor 4 is driven so that the intake throttle valve 4 is driven to the open side.
0 is controlled, and the step motor 40 is continuously rotated in the opening direction until the counter elsofc becomes equal to or larger than the constant k2 or the fully open switch 39 is switched from the off state to the on state.

At this time, in the process S110, the constant k2 to be compared with the counter elsofc is set in consideration of the hysteresis at the time of turning on / off the fully open switch 39 as described above. In the present embodiment, the fully open switch 39 is set such that the position where the on-off state is switched from on to off is slightly closer to the closing side in the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 than the position where the off-on state is switched on. It is assumed that a large hysteresis exists. The above constant k
2 is set to a value slightly larger than the number of steps corresponding to the magnitude of the hysteresis. If the operation is performed normally, the value of the counter elsofc is set to the variable k.
The full open switch 39 should have been switched from off to on before going above two. Therefore, processing S
At 110, the value of the counter elsofc is set to the variable k2
In this case, it is presumed that some kind of abnormality as described above has occurred, and the CPU 60 proceeds to step S118, turns on the control abnormality flag, and ends the process of this routine once.

On the other hand, when it is confirmed that the fully open switch 39 has been switched from off to on in step S109, the CPU 60 shifts to step S111 where the reference step position is set.

The procedure for setting the reference step position will be described below. In the control system of the present embodiment, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the period from the time when the value of the command value elsof at the time of the initialization process is "1" to the time when it is "1", that is, for one period (the lower 3 bits of elstep) of the excitation phase mode 8 Each step is managed as one unit group. When the process of the CPU 60 shifts to the process S111, that is, when it is confirmed that the full-open switch 39 has been switched from off to on, the predetermined position within the group of the eight steps to which the step position of the step motor 40 belongs is determined. Is set as the reference step position. In the present embodiment, the command value elsof = 3 at the time of the initialization process is set as the specific excitation phase. Therefore, even if the fully open switch 39 is turned on at any step position in the group for every eight steps, the reference step position is the same as long as the switch is in the same group. Thereafter, the CPU 60 sets the reference step position (elsof = 3) set here to the origin (= 0) of the target step elstrg and the current step elsact.
The opening degree control of the intake throttle valve 4 is performed.

It should be noted that even if the reference step position deviates from the position at which the fully open switch is turned on within the range of eight steps in one group, the intake throttle valve 4 is connected to the intake throttle valve 4 so that the opening of the reference step position does not change. The excitation phase of the step motor 40 is adjusted.

Further, from the command value elsof in the initialization process at the time when the full-open switch 39 is turned on, the mode number of the specific excitation phase (as described above, "3" (elsof = The value obtained by subtracting (3) is set) is stored as the command value difference elsofdl. The command value difference elsofdl is a step position at the time when the full-open switch 39 is turned on. In particular, when control that requires identification of the fully open position is performed, for example, when the above-described confirmation processing such as step-out of the step motor 40 is performed, the command value difference elsofdl is used. The exact full open position can be specified.

Next, at the start of the processing of this routine,
That is, in the process S100, the fully open switch 39
The process when it is confirmed that is turned off will be described with reference to FIG. In this case, at the start of the processing of this routine, it is estimated that the intake throttle valve 4 is located closer to the closed side than the fully open position.

In the above case, the CPU 60 shifts the processing to step S112, where the counter elsofc is reset.
Thereafter, in the processing from step S113 to step S116, the step motor 40 is rotated by two steps while counting the number of steps driven by the counter elsofc, as in the processing from step S102 to step S105. However, this time, the step motor 40 is controlled so as to drive the intake throttle valve 4 to the open side, and the counter el is
The step motor 40 is kept rotating in the opening direction until the softc becomes equal to or larger than the constant k3 or the fully open switch 39 is switched from off to on.

At this time, in the process S116, the value of the constant k3 to be compared with the counter elsofc includes the total operation amount of the intake throttle valve 4, that is, the intake throttle valve 4 is driven from the minimum opening position to the maximum opening position. The number of steps corresponding to the operation amount up to the position at the time is set. If the operation is performed normally, before the value of the counter elsofc becomes equal to or larger than the constant k3, the intake throttle valve 4 is driven in the opening direction beyond the fully open position, and the fully open switch 39 is turned from off to on. It should have switched. Therefore, in the above processing S116, when it is confirmed that the value of the counter elsofc is equal to or larger than the constant k3,
The process of U60 shifts to the process S118 (FIG. 11),
Here, after turning on the control abnormality flag, the processing of this routine is temporarily ended.

On the other hand, if it is confirmed in step S115 that the fully open switch 39 has been switched from off to on, the process of the CPU 60 shifts to step S111 (FIG. 11) where the reference step position is set.

The initialization processing procedure according to the above-described routine will be generally described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the transition of the ON / OFF state of the full-open switch 39 and the transition of the step position of the step motor 40 when the full-open switch 39 is ON at the start of the initialization processing. On the other hand, FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the transition of the on / off state of the full-open switch 39 and the transition of the step position of the step motor 40 when the full-open switch 39 is off at the start of the initialization processing.

When the fully open switch 39 is turned on at the start of the initialization process, that is, when the intake throttle valve 4 is at the fully open position or at the open side thereof, first, as shown in FIG. The stepping motor 40 is controlled to rotate in the direction to close the intake throttle valve 4 until is turned off. At this time, if the full-open switch 39 cannot be turned off even if the intake throttle valve 4 is operated beyond the operation amount (“k1” step) from the maximum opening position to the full opening position, some trouble occurs. As a result, the control abnormality flag is turned on, and the initialization processing ends. On the other hand, when the full-open switch 39 is turned off, the rotation of the step motor 40 is controlled in the direction to open the intake throttle valve 4 until the full-open switch 39 is turned on. At this time, if the full-open switch 39 is not turned on even if the intake throttle valve 4 is operated for the hysteresis (“k2” step) or more when the full-open switch 39 is switched on and off, the control abnormality is performed as before. The flag is turned on, and the initialization process ends. Therefore, when the fully open switch 39 is turned on, the step position at that time is set as a reference step position, and the set step position is used as a reference position for controlling the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 thereafter. I do.

When the fully open switch 39 is off at the start of the initialization processing, that is, when the intake throttle valve 4 is located closer to the closed side than the fully opened position, as shown in FIG.
Until the full open switch 39 is turned on, the rotation of the step motor 40 is controlled in a direction to open the intake throttle valve 4. At this time, the total operation amount of the intake throttle valve 4 (“k3” step)
If the full-open switch 39 has not been turned on even after the above operation, the control abnormality flag is turned on and the initialization process is terminated as in the previous case. When the full-open switch 39 is turned on, the step position at this time is set as a reference step position, and the set step position is used as a reference position for controlling the opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 thereafter. .

As described above, in this embodiment, regardless of the position of the full-open switch 39 at the start of the initialization processing, only at the step position where the full-open switch 39 is switched from off to on. The reference step position is being set. Therefore, the reference step position does not change due to the hysteresis when the fully open switch 39 is turned on and off, and the opening of the intake throttle valve 4 as viewed from the control system grasped from the step position of the step motor 40 does not occur. The degree and the actual opening degree of the intake throttle valve 4 can always be uniquely corresponded.

Further, by monitoring the correspondence between the ON / OFF state of the full-open switch 39 and the operation amount of the intake throttle valve 4 during the initialization process, disconnection of the step motor 40, fixation of the drive unit, intake throttle valve, and the like. 4 or each gear 29 of the drive mechanism 5,
36, 37, 38 stuck, full open switch 39 failure, etc.
Many of the abnormalities that may occur in the drive mechanism 5 of the intake throttle valve 4 and its control system can be detected, and the operating amount of the intake throttle valve 4 during processing cannot be a normal operation. In this case, a restriction is imposed so as not to be operated any more, so that the load on the step motor 40 and each gear of the drive mechanism 5 can be suppressed.

Also, immediately after the start of the diesel engine 1, a sufficient amount of intake air needs to be supplied to the diesel engine 1 in order to enable stable operation. Since the initialization is performed at the fully opened position of the intake throttle valve 4, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of intake air, and there is no hindrance to starting and operation of the engine 1.

In FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, for convenience, only the processing relating to the initialization routine is shown as a flowchart, but the actual processing routine is started, for example, as an excitation interrupt of the step motor 40. At this time, for example, processing S104, S109, S
If the determination at 115 or the like is negative (NO), the routine is temporarily exited under appropriate flag processing.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) By limiting the ON / OFF switching direction of the full-open switch 39 to one direction and initializing the reference step position, highly accurate initialization excluding the influence of hysteresis of the full-open switch 39 can be performed. Will be done.
And by increasing the initialization accuracy,
More reliable and stable opening control of the intake throttle valve 4 is also performed.

(2) Since a sufficient amount of intake air can be ensured even during the initialization processing, such initialization processing does not hinder the startup and operation of the diesel engine 1. (3) It is also possible to detect many abnormalities that can occur in the intake throttle valve 4, its drive system and the control system based on the correspondence between the fully open switch 39 and the operation amount of the intake throttle valve 4 during the initialization process. it can.

(4) When the operation amount of the intake throttle valve 4 becomes an operation amount that cannot be a normal operation, the operation is restricted so as not to operate any more. , 36, 37, 38, etc., and the reliability of those members can be improved.

[0074]

The embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
May be changed to In the present embodiment, the step position when the fully open switch 39 is switched from off to on is set as the reference position, but the step position when the switch 39 is switched from on to off is set as the reference position. It may be configured as a position.

In this embodiment, eight steps corresponding to one cycle of the excitation phase mode are grouped into one unit, and the ON / OFF state of the full-open switch 39 is switched at any step position in the group. Even if
Although the step position corresponding to the excitation phase mode “3” in the same group is set as the reference position, the step position at the time when the ON / OFF state of the fully open switch 39 is switched may be set as the reference position. .

[0077]

Next, technical ideas other than the inventions described in the claims grasped from the embodiment will be described below together with their effects. (1) The step motor type valve device according to claim 1 , further comprising a prohibition unit for prohibiting the initialization in a region other than a predetermined rotation speed range of the diesel engine. apparatus.

During the high-speed operation of the diesel engine, the vibration generated by the engine increases, and chattering when the on / off state of the switch means is switched easily occurs. When such chattering occurs, the switch means
It is easy to make an erroneous determination of the switching of the OFF state, and it is difficult to accurately initialize the reference step position. on the other hand,
When the diesel engine is operated at a lower rotation speed than a certain level, the operation of the engine itself is unstable, and the initialization process may not be performed normally. In this regard, according to the configuration described in the above (1), the initialization means is prohibited by the prohibition means in an operation region in which the above-described inconvenience is likely to occur. Become.

(2) The predetermined step position of the step motor and the predetermined step position of the step motor of the step motor type valve device for opening and closing the valve based on the step number control based on the predetermined step position of the step motor drivingly connected to the valve. An initialization method for a step motor type valve device, which initializes a relationship with an opening degree based on switching of a switch that is turned on and off at a predetermined opening position of the valve, wherein the switch is turned on from off or off to on. Wherein the initialization is performed based on any one of the switching operations.

According to the method described in the above (2), the influence of hysteresis is suitably avoided, and initialization with higher accuracy is performed. And, by increasing the initialization accuracy in this way, more reliable and stable valve control can be realized.

(3) A control method of a step motor type valve device for opening and closing the intake throttle valve based on a step number control based on a predetermined step position of a step motor driven and connected to the intake throttle valve of the diesel engine. The relationship between the predetermined step position of the step motor and the degree of opening of the intake throttle valve is determined by turning on / off a switch that is turned on / off at a predetermined degree of opening of the intake throttle valve from on to off or from off to on. A method of controlling a step motor type valve device, wherein the initialization is performed based on only one of the switching operations, and the initialization is prohibited in a region other than a predetermined rotation speed range of the diesel engine.

According to the method described in the above (2), the initialization means is prohibited in an operation region where a problem is likely to occur, so that more accurate initialization can be performed.

[0084]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the stepping motor is controlled only when the switch means switches from the on state to the off state or when the switch means switches from the off state to the on state. By initializing and setting the correspondence between the step position and the opening of the intake throttle valve,
The effect of hysteresis is preferably avoided, and initialization with higher accuracy is performed. And, by increasing the initialization accuracy in this way, more reliable and stable valve control can be realized.

Further , since the above initialization is performed when the intake throttle valve is at or near the fully open position, the start and operation of the diesel engine are not hindered even during the initialization.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a diesel engine to which a step motor type valve device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a side sectional structure of an intake throttle valve and a drive mechanism thereof.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a front structure of a drive mechanism of the intake throttle valve.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a drive mechanism of the intake throttle valve.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the valve device of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a planar sectional structure of a step motor.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a side sectional structure of the step motor.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic structure of the step motor.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the operation principle of the step motor.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state of energizing each coil of the step motor.

FIG. 11 is an exemplary flowchart showing the initialization procedure of the valve device of the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart similarly showing an initialization processing procedure;

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the ON / OFF state of a fully open switch and the excitation phase of a step motor when setting a reference step position.

FIG. 14 shows that the fully open switch is turned on during initialization processing;
5 is a graph showing a relationship between a transition of an off state and a transition of a step position of a step motor.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the transition of the ON / OFF state of the fully open switch and the transition of the step position of the step motor during the initialization process.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... diesel engine, 2 ... intake passage, 4 ... intake throttle valve,
Reference numeral 5: intake throttle valve driving mechanism, 6: pressure sensor, 7: exhaust passage, 8: EGR passage, 9: EGR control valve, 19: electronic control unit (ECU), 20: ignition switch, 21
... starter switch, 26 ... valve shaft, 29 ... driven gear, 3
2 Lever, 33 Pressing part, 35 Support shaft, 36 First intermediate gear, 37 Second intermediate gear, 38 Drive gear, 39
Fully open switch, 40: step motor, 41: output shaft,
42 ... rotor, 43 ... permanent magnet, 44 ... A-phase stator cup, 45 ... B-phase stator cup, 46 ... Ap-phase coil, 4
7 An phase coil, 48 Bp phase coil, 49 Bn phase coil, 60 CPU, 72 drive circuit, 77 water temperature sensor, 78 ambient temperature sensor.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yuukiya Kato 1-1, Kyowa-cho, Obu City, Aichi Prefecture Aisan Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasunori Asakawa 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya City, Aichi Prefecture Address Denso Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-10-110633 (JP, A) JP-A-3-57852 (JP, A) JP-A-2-287245 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed ( Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F02D 9/02 F02D 11/10 F02D 41/00 F02D 45/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A step motor type valve device which opens and closes a valve based on a step number control based on a predetermined step position of a step motor which is drivingly connected to an intake throttle valve of a diesel engine, wherein the intake throttle valve is fully opened. At or near the position
Switch means for switching the on / off state when the switch means is turned on and off , and when the switch means is switched from off to on.
Until it switches off again or the switch means
Switch from on to off and back on again
Initialization means for driving the stepping motor until the power is turned off, and initializing and setting the predetermined stepping position of the stepping motor based on only one of the switching from ON to OFF again or from OFF to ON again. And the step motor accompanying the initialization setting of the initialization means.
When driving, it corresponds to the hysteresis of the switch means.
A predetermined number of drive steps greater than the
Restriction to limit the drive of the step motor so that it does not exceed
Step motor type valve device characterized by comprising a means.