JP3284140B2 - Grate plate - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to an apparatus for cooling hot materials, such as those discharged from a kiln.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A general class of refrigeration equipment, such as that to which the present invention pertains, is used to cool particulate materials (e.g., cement clinker and other mineral materials) burned in a kiln. Such an apparatus can be configured to include a moving gate cooler, a thrust gate cooler, and the like. The hot particulate material discharged from the kiln outlet is typically quenched at the material inlet portion of the cooling device, then moved and distributed as much as possible to successive rows of grate. Additional cooling then takes place on the grate, during which the material to be cooled is transported along a path extending from the material inlet to the material outlet of the cooler of the grate plate. Typically, the cooling air blown through the hot material in the recovery zone of the chiller is then reused, ie, more generally, recirculated as air for combustion in a previous kiln.

[0003] Grate for cooling and combustion generally comprises overlapping grate plates. Some of the grate plates are mounted in fixed positions and others are reciprocated. This generally means that they oscillate in the longitudinal direction, the advance of this oscillation being the direction in which the granular material to be cooled moves through the cooler, and thus the grate plate is in part the material passing through the cooler. It means to facilitate movement.
The grate plate is attached to the carrier beam, the carrier beam traversing the direction of material flow through the cooler, and adjacent grate plates are abutted. The air required for cooling or combustion is directed from the underside of the grate plate through the port openings to enter, penetrate and pass through the bed of material to be cooled or burned. The material is placed on the top of the grate plate.

[0004] Grate plates are worn away by mechanical and thermal action. For example, when cooling a grate, the exposed area of the grate located near the discharge end of the cooler is subject to considerable wear and exposure to heat. In contrast, the unexposed portion of the back of the grate plate is barely worn away and is exposed to minimal heat.

[0005] Grate plates are offered in various shapes.
One common shape is referred to as a flat grate plate shape, as the name implies, uses a flat surface to support the clinker as it is transported through the cooler. In this configuration, the ports through which the cooling air flows are located on the surface of the grate. The clinker will therefore rest directly on the top of the port. The clinker moves through the port, clogging the air passages, and often falls onto the lower support structure, damaging the support structure, and often uneven distribution of the cooling air flow to the grate plate device. There is always the possibility that hot parts will be formed, which will exceed the endurance limit of the metal.

[0006] Over the years there has been a remarkable change in shape from the so-called flat grate shape. For example, one such modification is a wedge grid configuration. In this, the front area, including a portion of the exposed area of the grate, was bent or tilted at an angle to the flat horizontal plane of the remaining part of the grate. This shape formed a partially defined area at the bend, in which the clinker rested on the surface of the grate.
This design also served to slow the flow of the clinker through the cooler, which was somewhat successful in eventually slowing down the reducer condition inside the cooler. Air is distributed into the clinker through openings typically located in the upwardly curved area of the grate plate. This design does not include any anti-migration features, and small particles of hot clinker enter and clog the air distribution holes or pass through the holes into the air distribution member below the grate. Invade. Furthermore, there was a limited tendency for the clinker to remain stationary within the special shape of the grate. This shape was mainly used in the mid-1950s-1960s.

For another grate plate design, see 1950.
In the early years, the assignee of the present invention designed and sold a special shape commonly known as a pan grate. It essentially includes a grate plate with a large recess on the top surface in which the clinker is retained. Its primary purpose is to keep the majority of the clinker material located in the recess essentially stationary, thereby reducing the wear and improving the resistance to red hot shock conditions, thereby increasing the life of the grate plate. It was to improve. The grate plate can be used in a reciprocating or stationary manner.

In cross-section, this prior art grate plate has the general name of a pan, with varying degrees of depression, and a grate in the unexposed area of the grate plate. The deepest recess is located at the rear of the plate.
The term unexposed area indicates that area of the top surface of the grate plate that is covered by the overlap with the previous grate plate for at least some time. The recess does not deepen towards the front of the grate plate, i.e. the part of the grate near the material outlet of the cooler.

[0009] Air was distributed directly into the recess where the clinker was held stationary through a plurality of air distribution holes located in the exposed shallow grate section. In this configuration, some of the clinker in the shallow area will rest directly on the top surface of the air distribution hole, especially if some of the clinker is likely to be in the air distribution hole while the cooling fan is turned off. Resulting in moving in.

The prior art configuration does not have any anti-migration features, has a high rate of exhaust of the air flowing through the air distribution holes to the clinker, and, in the marketed version, one grate is used for the cooler. It is designed to extend the entire working width in the transverse direction, so that even if only one part of the grate is excessively worn, it is necessary to replace the entire grate, which is expensive and maintenance-intensive. Had become.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a grate plate for transferring particulate solid material through a cooling device in a predetermined direction. The present invention is particularly useful for cooling cement clinker after exiting the kiln. The cooling system in which the grate is used comprises a material inlet, a material outlet and a plurality of rows of grate, the grate typically alternating between stationary or reciprocating operation. Each row of grate plates extends across the width of the cooler in a direction transverse to the flow of material through the cooler. Each previous grate row overlaps the next grate row. The underside of each grate plate is attached to a carrier beam. The upper surface of the grate plate never overlaps any part of the previous grate, and the exposed area located at the front of the grate plate, which is close to the material outlet end of the cooler, at least one time Is divided into a non-exposed area portion that overlaps with the grate plate. The grate plate of the present invention is suitable for receiving a controlled supply of air.

In the grate of the present invention, substantially the entire area of the exposed surface is recessed from both the upper edge of its outer edge and the surface of the unexposed area at a substantially level position. The recessed area has an overall shape that receives the particulate material to be cooled. Preferably, most of the material placed in the recessed area is stationary. The undulating shape of the recessed exposed area is formed by alternately arranging the air distribution conduits and the secondary distribution grooves. In particular, at least one, and preferably a plurality of, substantially cylindrical hollow air distribution conduits are provided, these of the exposed area recessed in a direction substantially parallel to the movement of the material through the cooling device. Substantially extended over all distances
Are there . This conduit is connected to a supply of cooling air. The cylindrical air distribution conduit has a top surface and two side surfaces, on which some of the material transferred through the cooling device is contacted. Cooling air enters the air distribution conduit from the underside of the grate plate through a plurality of air inlets and outlets located on the side walls of the air distribution conduit, travels along the length of the conduit, and passes through the conduit. Exit and enter the secondary air channel. Thereafter, the air is directed through the material held in the recessed area and / or through the material being transported through the cooling device by the grate plate. The air distribution conduit is adjacent at one or more of the longitudinal side edges. This is for a narrow open secondary air distribution groove that extends substantially the entire distance of the exposed area that is recessed in a direction parallel to the movement of the material through the cooling device.
It depends on whether it is located on the side of the grate or towards the center. This secondary air distribution groove is located either between two adjacent air distribution conduits or between the air distribution conduit and the inner side wall of the exposed area of the grate plate. The alternating arrangement of air distribution conduits and secondary air distribution grooves creates a raised effect in the recessed exposed area.
The recessed exposed area is the inner side wall of the grate plate, i.e., the side wall facing the front pressing surface, the inner side wall of the exposed area portion of the grate plate, and the exposure parallel to the front pressing surface. The area that is not bordered on the adjacent side.

One of the advantages of the shape of the grate cooling air distribution device of the present invention is that, compared to the shape of a conventional grate plate,
A reduction in the speed of the cooling air can be achieved both when the cooling air is first discharged from the air distribution outlet and when the retained clinker is moved through the area where it rests. This slowdown offers many advantages. This includes (1) improved heat recovery, (2)
High secondary air temperature, (3) does not promote the fluidization of the clinker during normal and glowing conditions, (4) a large element to hold the cooling air in the retained clinker volume, (5) air Low wear properties on the grate plate due to the high velocity of the material that wears the grate plate surface at and around the outlet, and (6) improved quenching,
Is included. The actual realized air velocity is partly influenced by the shape of the primary cooling air outlet, which directs the discharge of cooling air to the secondary air groove, and directly by the shape of such a secondary air groove, Both are described further below. In the preferred embodiment described below, the cooling air velocity is optimized to minimize the minimum required to properly cool the material while promoting the desired anti-migration and anti-fluidization features. It is anticipated that a cooling air velocity of will be used. In this regard, the final air velocity through the secondary air channel acts as an element other than the primary air outlet and the shape of the secondary air channel, one element being the secondary air channel.
It will be understood that it is a packing element of any material that can be located in the air channel. Another advantage of this design of the present invention is that the recessed area of the exposed area can receive the material in an essentially stationary manner. Reducing the movement of the material relative to the exposed area of the metal surface of the grate plate significantly reduces wear in said parts.

[0014]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, one embodiment of a grate plate of the present invention is indicated generally by the numeral 20.
The grate plate can be used in either a stationary or reciprocating manner.

The drawing of the grate plate 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a top view, the top surface of which is an exposed area generally indicated by the numeral 70 with a longitudinal boundary indicated by a dotted line 61. Portion and the unexposed area portion 71 shown by dotted line 60
And is divided into The material moves longitudinally through the cooler in the direction indicated by arrow F. Boundary of the exposed area portion, furthermore the outside of the side walls 21 and 22 and top edge,
It is formed by a front pressing surface 23 having an opening 24 and an edge 25 of an unexposed area.

A substantial portion of the exposed area is recessed, said recess being the top edge 24 of the front pressing surface 23, the longitudinal edges 26 and 27, and the surface 28 of the unexposed area. Measured from

As the material travels through the cooler, the material generally falls onto the exposed area. The surface 28 of the unexposed area is covered by an overlap formed by the grate plate immediately behind the material in the cooler, at least at one point during the operation of the cooler. Note that the previous grate plate can be either stationary or reciprocally operated.

The recess in the exposed area of the grate plate is
Good recognition can be obtained with reference to the line 40 in FIGS.
This represents a plane that intersects the highest position located on the upper surface of the grate plate 20. The grate plate 20 is, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, flush with the longitudinal edge 26, the surface 28 of the unexposed area, and the top edge 24, and Surface 28 and top edge 24 are not shown in FIG.

The exposed area 70 has at least one
One, preferably a plurality of air conduits 30 are arranged through which the cooling air is moved. Cooling air is supplied primarily from carrier beam 80 to air conduit 30. The carrier beam 80 is arranged below the grate plate 20. Cooling air can enter the air conduit 30 horizontally from the bottom of the grate near the junction of the exposed and unexposed areas. Cooling air can also flow vertically into the air conduit. The air conduit 30 has an essentially hollow cylindrical structure and includes an air passage 31. The conduit 30 extends over essentially the entire horizontal length of the exposed area, the direction of which is parallel to the direction of material flow through the cooler. The cooling air travels longitudinally through the air conduit 30 and in the passage 31 in the same direction as the material flow, i.e. from the rear to the front. The cooling air is supplied through the air conduit 30.
From the secondary air groove 56 through the primary air outlet 55. The secondary air channel extends substantially the entire length of the exposed area as well as the conduit 30, and substantially fills the entire recessed area alternately with the conduit 30. Referring to FIG. 2, the secondary air groove 56 has two adjacent air conduits 30.
Or the longitudinal edge 29 inside the grate plate 20
Alternatively, it is located somewhere between 29a and the adjacent air conduit.

The air conduit 30 may be spaced from the inner side wall of the longitudinal edge of the area exposed by the secondary air distribution groove, as shown in FIG. 2, or, in some embodiments, the inner side. It may be located in the same plane as the side wall.

The air flowing through the primary air outlet 55 goes into the secondary air groove 56. Preferably, this air has a downward angle, that is, into the secondary air distribution groove 56 at an angle slightly below horizontal. The shape of the secondary air groove 56 is, of course, determined by the shape of at least one of the side walls 58 of the adjacent air distribution conduit 30. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, these sidewalls 58
Is preferably tilted inward to shield the primary air outlet 55 so that it is not directly exposed to the material. In such a case, the bottom 91 of the secondary air distribution groove is wider than the upper area 92. Side wall 5
The inward tilt of 8 results in essentially no movement of the grate plate in conjunction with the downward angle of the primary air outlet 55. In addition, because the top area 92 is narrower than the bottom 91, the air is better distributed over the entire length of the secondary air channel 56, as well as further restricting the cooling air from being discharged from the top of the channel 56. . Furthermore, such good air distribution is also a result of the presence of an enlarged storage and transfer area under the limited upper part. As a result, the cooling air moves up and down the groove as needed to maintain a uniform airflow at the top of the secondary air groove.

The primary air outlet 55 is preferably viewed as a square shaped slot 60 in the side wall 58 of the air distribution conduit 30. The longer side edge of the slot is substantially parallel to the direction of material flow through the cooler. Preferably, the slot is located at a substantially central portion, i. Slot 60 is for air distribution conduit 3
Because it is located on the zero side wall 58, air is discharged from the primary air outlet 55 in a direction transverse to the flow of the clinker through the cooler. Rather than having a single slot extending along the length of the air distribution conduit on each side wall,
A plurality of slots are disposed along the length of each side wall 58. This structure has been found to have many advantages. For example, the structural integrity of the grate plate is improved. The slots maintain the speed of movement, which minimizes material backflow into the air conduit. Further, by minimizing the discharge rate, the potential for fluidization is reduced. FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the slot 60 arrangement.

FIG. 3 also shows that the slot closer to the pressing surface of the grate plate is longer than the slot farther away. As a result, air is evenly distributed over the entire exposed area of the grate plate. In other embodiments of the invention, the width of the slot can be varied.

[0024] Particularly advantageous features of the present invention is that it comprises secondary air discharge groove 56 is directly being adjacent flow communication with the primary air outlet 55. As shown,
There are a plurality of secondary grooves that extend substantially parallel to the direction of material flow that actually traverses the entire length of the exposed area of the grate plate. This secondary air groove acts as a nozzle and also acts to reduce the velocity of the cooling air discharged to the clinker holding area, thereby reducing the likelihood of the clinker being fluidized.

The air conduit 30 is generally wider than the secondary air groove 56. In this regard, the shapes of the secondary air grooves are preferred when their length to width ratio is in the range of about 8: 1 to about 30: 1, and more preferably when they are about 10: 1 to 26: 1. It was determined to be. If the secondary air channels have a length to width ratio of greater than 30: 1, the velocity of the air flowing through these channels will be too high. If this ratio is less than 8: 1, the performance of the secondary air channel will be adversely affected and will not function as a nozzle.

If a given grate plate is provided with a plurality of air conduits or secondary air grooves, one or more may optionally vary in width and / or height from the corresponding conduit or groove. In particular, the air conduits and secondary grooves located relative to the side edges of the grate plate are generally narrower than those located in the central area of the grate. In other embodiments, all secondary air channels may be the same height and / or width, and / or all conduits may be the same height and / or width.

The top surface 32 of each of the air conduits 30 is preferably recessed from the plane indicated by line 40 and is sufficiently recessed to provide at least some, but most, of the clinker in this recessed area. Is preferably maintained in a stationary state.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the edges 21 of adjacent grate plates overlap, and the bottom edge 26a combines with the edge 27 to form an overlapping connection, which in effect causes the clinker to actually connect the adjacent clinker. Preferably, side edges 27 are recessed from surface 40 so as to eliminate falling between the grid plates.
Alternatively, the longitudinal edges of the grate plates may be of the same height and shape as one another such that the relaying grate plates are abutted without overlap.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In this, the top surface 32 of the air conduit 30 projects like a shroud to the primary air outlet 55, thereby promoting the anti-migration feature of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs in several respects from the embodiment of FIGS. First, as compared to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4 where the air channel is displaced from the side wall by a secondary air conduit, FIG. A conduit 30 is shown. Further, the air from the primary air outlet 55 enters the secondary air groove 56 horizontally at the bottom 91 of the secondary air groove, and the air flows downward in the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It does not enter at approximately the center of the next air conduit. Finally, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the shroud-shaped top surface 32 projects over the primary air outlet 55.

The grate plate of the present invention can be modified in a manner as is known to those skilled in the art, so that it can be used for any communication of a cooler without changing the unique features of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view of one preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 along the line AA in FIG. 1;

3 is another sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 along the line BB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 20 grate plate 21, 22 side wall 23 front pressing surface 24 top edge 25 edge 26, 27 longitudinal edge 28 surface 29 inner longitudinal edge 30 air distribution conduit 31 air passage 32 top surface 40 surface 55 Primary air outlet 56 Secondary air groove 58 Side wall 60 Slot 70 Exposed area 71 Unexposed area 91 Bottom 92 Top

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shane Kay. Aresi Boxes 337-Kews Town, PA, United States of America-Kew, Earl. Dee. Number 3 (72) Inventor Robert Holland Amon Way, Whitehall, Pennsylvania, USA 4341 (72) Inventor George Double. Bride Kutz Town Road, Kutz Town, PA 15582 (56) References JP 3-59329 (JP, B2) JP 6-3351 (JP, B2) JP-B 61-35475 (JP, B2) (58) ) Surveyed field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F27D 15/02 C04B 7/47 F23H 17/12

Claims (17)

(57) [Claims] 1. A grate plate having a material inlet, a material outlet, and a plurality of rows of grate plates, wherein a grate plate of each preceding row is partially overlapped with a grate plate of a next row, and the grate plate has an outer edge. , Having an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the lower surface is attached to the carrier beam and the upper surface is divided into an exposed area that is never superimposed and a non-exposed area that is at least partially superposed by the preceding grate plate. A grate plate for transferring granular material in a predetermined direction through a cooling device, wherein a generally exposed area portion is substantially depressed from an upper surface of an outer edge to accommodate a large amount of granular material therein. And further, the area where the concave portion is formed,
(A) extending substantially the entire distance of the recessed exposed area in a direction parallel to the movement of the material through the cooling device;
A substantially cylindrical hollow air distribution conduit having a top surface with which some particulate material conveyed through the cooling device is contacted and two sidewalls. A distribution conduit, and (b) a narrow open secondary air distribution groove extending substantially the full distance of the recessed exposed area portion substantially in a direction parallel to the movement of the material through the cooling device. Formed by alternating rows, and the side walls of the air conduit each having a plurality of primary air outlets disposed therein, through which cooling air is passed from the interior of the air distribution conduit to an adjacent secondary air outlet. A grate plate, wherein the grate plate is flowed into an air distribution groove. 2. A grate plate according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the primary air outlets are square slots provided in the side walls of the air conduit, the slots having longitudinal walls having cooling devices. Grate plate characterized by being parallel to the direction of the material to be moved through. 3. The grate plate according to claim 2, wherein the slot is located at a substantially central portion of the side wall. 4. The grate plate according to claim 2, wherein a slot remote from the material inlet of the cooling device is longer than a slot near the material inlet. 5. The grate plate according to claim 1, wherein the cooling air passes below the primary air outlet and flows into an adjacent secondary air distribution groove. . 6. The grate plate according to claim 1, wherein cooling air enters into an adjacent secondary air distribution groove from a bottom thereof. 7. The grate of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of air distribution conduits of varying width. 8. The grate of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of air distribution conduits of varying height. 9. The grate plate of claim 1, wherein the ratio of length to width of the secondary air distribution conduit is from 8: 1 to 3.
A grate plate characterized by the range of 0: 1 . 10. The grate plate of claim 1, wherein the air conduit is separated from an outer side wall of the area exposed by the secondary air distribution groove. 11. The grate plate of claim 1, comprising at least one air conduit positioned relative to an outer sidewall of the exposed area. 12. The grate plate according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the air conduit is inclined inward. 13. The grate plate of claim 1, wherein the top surface of the primary air conduit projects over the primary air distribution outlet. 14. A grate plate according to claim 1, grate plate substantially all of the material located on the exposed area within the portion and wherein the quiescent der Rukoto. 15. The grate plate according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal edges of adjacent grate plates in one row overlap each other and are fitted. . 16. The grate plate according to claim 1, wherein the material is a cement clinker. 17. A grate plate having a material inlet, a material outlet, and a plurality of rows of grate plates, wherein a grate plate of each preceding row is partially overlapped with a grate plate of a next row, wherein the grate plate has an outer edge. , Having an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the lower surface is attached to the carrier beam and the upper surface is divided into an exposed area that is never superimposed and a non-exposed area that is at least partially superposed by the preceding grate plate. A grate plate for transferring granular material in a predetermined direction through a cooling device, wherein longitudinal edges of adjacent grate plates in one row overlap and fit with each other, and are entirely exposed. An area portion substantially recessed from the upper surface of the outer edge to accommodate a large amount of particulate material therein in a substantially stationary manner, and further comprising an area having the recess formed by: Substantially the recessed exposed area Total distance of, a hollow air distribution conduit in a substantially cylindrical shape extending substantially moved parallel to the direction of the particulate material through the cooling device, some of the particulate material conveyed through the cooling device Cooling the substantially cylindrical hollow air distribution conduit having a top surface to be contacted and two inwardly inclined sidewalls; and (b) substantially the entire distance of the recessed exposed area. Extend substantially in a direction parallel to the movement of the material through the device
Plurality of narrow open secondary air distribution grooves that, of being formed by the alternate rows, also said the side wall of the air conduit has a plurality of primary air outlets disposed thereon, through the primary air outlet Cooling air is flowed down from the interior of the air distribution conduit into an adjacent secondary air distribution groove, and at least some of the primary air outlets are square slots provided in the side walls of the air conduit; Grate plate having a longitudinal side parallel to the direction of the material moving through the cooling device.