JP3281064B2 - Surveying instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surveying instrument for measuring an angle or a distance or an angle and a distance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in such a surveying instrument, a telescope which is rotatably supported in a vertical plane via a shaft portion and is provided with a solid-state image pickup device and is provided on a surface of the support portion is provided. There is a display that displays a light flux condensed on the solid-state imaging device as an image, and uses this display to collimate and measure measurement points.

As data transfer means from the solid-state imaging device to the display device, a method in which the solid-state imaging device and the display device are connected by a coaxial cable passing through a shaft portion, and a method in which a parallel connection is performed using a slip ring in the shaft portion. Some are performed by communication.

[0004]

By the way, in a surveying instrument, in order to eliminate various errors, the telescope is rotated in a vertical plane to measure both the positive position and the opposite position. .

[0005] However, collimation of the measurement point is performed by visually observing a light beam incident on the telescope as an image on a display, and the image displayed on the display is in a state of being incident on the telescope. Because it is as it is
When the telescope is rotated in the vertical plane and rotated to the opposite position, there is a problem that the image is inverted upside down because the image signal is taken out from the opposite direction.

In addition, when a coaxial cable is used as a video data transfer means, noise can be reduced, but a problem arises in that the telescope cannot be rotated all around in a vertical plane, and a slip occurs on the shaft. When a ring is used, not only the structure is complicated due to the necessity of a large number of slip rings for parallel communication, but also there is a problem that noise is greater than that of a coaxial cable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and not only can an erect image be always displayed on a display, but also data transfer from a solid-state imaging device to a display can be performed easily and with noise. It is an object of the present invention to provide a surveying instrument that can perform the measurement without sacrificing reduction and rotation of the telescope.

[0008]

In order to achieve the object, according to the present invention, there is provided a surveying instrument for measuring an angle or a distance or an angle and a distance. A telescope having a solid-state imaging device that rotatably supports the telescope in a vertical plane via a shaft portion and collects a reflected light beam reflected by the reflection mirror; A display that is provided in the solid-state imaging device and displays a light beam condensed on the solid-state imaging device as an image on a screen, and an image rotation unit that sets the image displayed on the display to an erect image according to the rotation of the telescope. The point is to have it.

[0009]

According to the structure of the first aspect,
A support unit rotatably supports a telescope provided with an objective lens, a focusing lens, and a reflection mirror in a vertical plane via a shaft unit. In addition, a solid-state imaging device that collects the reflected light beam reflected by the reflection mirror is built in the support portion, and the light beam that is condensed on the solid-state image pickup device by a display provided on the support portion is displayed on a screen as an image. Is displayed.

At this time, when the telescope is rotated, the image displayed on the display is rotated by the image rotating means so as to always become an erect image in accordance with the rotation.

In addition, since the solid-state image pickup device is provided on the support portion side, an image can be displayed on a display device without employing a coaxial cable or a parallel communication system. There is no regulation or noise in the video.

[0012]

Next, an embodiment of the surveying instrument according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 1 denotes a surveying instrument, 2 denotes a telescope, and 3 denotes a support for rotatably supporting the telescope 2 in a vertical plane via shafts 4 and 4.

The telescope 2 incorporates a light wave range finder. The distance measurement data is transferred to the support unit 3 through a slip ring (not shown) to which the shaft unit 4 is attached. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), an objective lens 5, a focusing lens 6, and a reflecting mirror 7 are provided in this order inside 2a of the telescope 2.

The support section 3 is provided with a solid-state image pickup device 8 inside 3a of the reflection mirror 7 in the reflection direction. A display 9 having a screen 9a and an operation unit 9b is provided on the surface of the support unit 3. Further, the support section 3 includes a horizontal angle detecting means 10 for measuring a horizontal angle, and a vertical angle detecting means 10 'for measuring a vertical angle.

Each data of the horizontal angle and the elevation angle measured by each of the detecting means 10 and 10 'is displayed on the screen 9a in accordance with the operation of the operation section 9b.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the image of the measurement point observed by the telescope 2 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 7 through the objective lens 5 and the focusing lens 6 at a substantially right angle, and the solid-state image element is formed. 8, is converted into a video signal, and is converted to a screen 9.
a. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the video signal is signal-processed by a video signal processing circuit (image rotating means) 11 and is displayed on the screen 9a in a state where the video signal is rotated according to the rotation position of the telescope 2. You.

The video signal processing circuit 11 includes a solid-state image sensor 8
Drive circuit 12, preamplifier 13, A / D conversion circuit 1
4, memory 15, scan converter 16, memory 1
7, a signal processing circuit 18 and a display adjustment circuit 19.

The measurement point imaged on the solid-state image sensor 8 is output to the preamplifier 13 as a pixel signal synchronized with the pulse of the drive circuit 12. This pixel signal is supplied to the preamplifier 13
Then, the signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D conversion circuit 14 in accordance with the timing of each pixel output of the drive circuit 12, and then stored in the memory 15.

The data stored in the memory 15 is scanned in accordance with the rotational position data output from the elevation angle detecting means 10 'to the scan converter 16, and then the scan is executed. Stored as data.

The rotation angle correction data is displayed on the screen 9a, and is subjected to various signal processing by the signal processing circuit 18, for example, detection of the intensity of light reflected from a prism (not shown) of a distance measurement signal. used.

The image displayed on the screen 9a is adjusted by the display adjustment circuit 18 for its contrast, brightness, color balance, and the like. At this time, the image from the telescope 2 and the character information as the horizontal angle and the elevation angle data are selectively or simultaneously displayed on the screen 9a.

As described above, the image on the solid-state imaging device 8 is an upright image upside down and an inverted image right and left, but by rotating the image electrically, the scan direction of the scan converter 16 Regardless of the state of the image simply by changing according to the position, the upright / reverse image can be used as an erect image.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 3 to 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. While the image rotating means of the first embodiment is the electric video signal processing circuit 11, the image rotating means of the second embodiment is mechanically constructed. Note that the distance measurement data and the angle data are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 21 denotes a surveying instrument, reference numeral 22 denotes a telescope, and reference numeral 23 denotes a support for rotatably supporting the telescope 22 through a shaft 24 in a vertical plane.

The telescope 22 is provided with an objective lens 25, a reflection mirror 26, and a focusing lens 27 in this order.

The support 23 is provided with a condenser lens 28 and a solid-state image sensor 29. Although not shown, a display having a screen and an operation unit is provided on the surface of the support unit 23, similarly to the above embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the shaft 24 is fixed to the telescope 22 and rotates in conjunction with rotation of the telescope 22 in a vertical plane. 30 and an inner cylinder 31 slidably provided therein.

Gears 32 and 33 having different diameters are provided integrally with ends of the outer cylinder 30 and the inner cylinder 31 facing the support portion 23, respectively. Further, an image rotator 34 as image rotating means is provided in the inner cylinder 31.

A driven gear 35 meshes with the gear 32 as shown in FIG. The driven gear 35 is supported
3 is supported by a shaft (not shown) provided on the shaft 3, and a reduction gear 36 is provided on the shaft. This reduction gear 36 meshes with an intermediate gear 37 that meshes with the gear 33.

Thus, the inner cylinder 31 rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the outer cylinder 30. In addition, these gears 32, 3
The gear ratios of 3, 35, 36, and 37 are such that the inner cylinder 31 rotates in the opposite direction to one rotation of the telescope, that is, one rotation of the outer cylinder 30.
It is set to make two rotations.

The image at the measurement point P passing through the objective lens 25 is reflected at a substantially right angle by the reflection mirror 26, becomes a parallel light beam by the focusing lens 27, and is rotated by the image rotator 34. The light is focused on the solid-state imaging device 29. At this time, since the image is inverted, the solid-state imaging device 29 is mounted in reverse.

Then, a telescope 22 is displayed on a screen (not shown).
In conjunction with the rotation in the vertical plane, the image rotator 34 makes a half turn with respect to the rotation of the telescope 22 in a direction opposite to this rotation, and displays the upright / reverse image as an erect image.

[0035]

As described above, in the surveying instrument of the present invention, a telescope provided with an objective lens, a focusing lens, and a reflecting mirror, and the telescope is rotated in a vertical plane via a shaft. A supporting part which supports the light-emitting device and supports the reflected light flux reflected by the reflection mirror, and a light-beam which is provided on the supporting part and which is focused on the solid-state imaging device is displayed on a screen as an image. And an image rotating means for turning an image displayed on the display into an erect image in accordance with the rotation of the telescope, so that the erect image can be always displayed on the display. In addition to the above, the data transfer from the solid-state imaging device to the display can be performed easily and without reducing noise or sacrificing the rotation of the telescope.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1A and 1B show a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a front view of a surveying instrument, and FIG. 1B is a schematic view showing an optical system thereof.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a main part in the same manner.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an optical system showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

4 (A) is a side view of a shaft, and FIG.
(B) is a sectional view thereof.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a gear for explaining rotation of a shaft portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Surveying instrument 2 ... Telescope 3 ... Support part 4 ... Shaft part 5 ... Objective lens 6 ... Focusing lens 7 ... Reflection mirror 8 ... Solid-state imaging device 9 ... Display 9a ... Screen 11 ... Video signal processing circuit (image rotation means) )

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-250013 (JP, A) JP-A-59-58975 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01C 15 / 00 G01C 1/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A surveying instrument for measuring an angle or a distance or an angle and a distance, comprising: a telescope having an objective lens, a focusing lens, and a reflecting mirror, and the telescope being rotatable in a vertical plane via a shaft. And a supporting part provided with a solid-state imaging device for collecting the reflected light beam reflected by the reflection mirror, and the light beam provided on the supporting portion and condensed on the solid-state imaging device is displayed on a screen as an image. A surveying instrument comprising: a display; and an image rotating unit that always makes an image displayed on the display in accordance with rotation of the telescope an upright image. 2. The surveying instrument according to claim 1, wherein said image rotating means is an image rotator. 3. The surveying instrument according to claim 1, wherein video and character information are selectively or simultaneously displayed on the display.