JP3274420B2 - Ground surface vibration detection sensor and debris flow detection system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a ground vibration detecting sensor.
Those about the soil <br/> ore flow detection system for detecting the occurrence of a debris flow using support and the sensor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Currently used debris flow detection systems measure the amount of rainfall and predict the danger of the rainfall. Since the debris flow generation itself is not necessarily detected by a sensor, it may be used in combination with a wire sensor. Alternatively, the debris flow generation is detected by using the wire sensor alone and cutting the wire due to the debris flow generation.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional debris flow occurrence detection system measures the amount of rainfall and predicts the degree of danger. Since the occurrence of debris flow itself is not necessarily detected, in addition to the amount of rainfall, the conventional debris flow generation detection system is used between a plurality of poles. A wire sensor is set up, and it is detected that the wire sensor has been cut by the debris flow, thereby detecting the occurrence of the debris flow. However, the reliability of the wire sensor is not high, such as being cut by snow. Therefore, there has been a recent trend to detect debris flow by detecting vibration using a high-sensitivity seismometer or hydrophone, but the detection device is expensive and it is necessary to always supply power to the sensor For this reason, there is a problem that it is difficult to use it for observation of a remote place where a solar cell must be used.

The present invention proposes to solve the above-mentioned problems, and does not require any electric power from outside the sensor system itself, and the ground surface vibration at which the final output as the sensor is a non-voltage contact signal is obtained. for the purpose of development of debris Nagareken knowledge system using the detection sensor and該地surface vibration detection sensor.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a substrate mounted on a ground surface,
Is disposed along a plane perpendicular against a vibrating plate mounted swingably around a fulcrum of the upper corner portion relative to the support member provided on said substrate, said vibrating plate to the substrate
The diaphragm is elastically supported and the diaphragm is vibrated about the fulcrum.
A spring member for converting the vibration of the diaphragm into a rotational operation.
Converting means for generating an electromotive force,
When the electromotive force is output for a predetermined time, the ground vibration
Determining means that the occurrence has occurred using the electromotive force.
A ground surface vibration detection sensor characterized by having
It is.

According to a second aspect, in the first aspect,
A plurality of the vibration plates are provided with different vibration detection directions on the substrate.
It is characterized by having been provided so that.

[0007] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method in which a high altitude is used for a low land.
In the point, the ground vibration detecting sensor according to the first or second aspect of the present invention.
A plurality of observation devices with
To detect the occurrence of debris flow
Debris flow detection system
is there.

[0008] In a fourth aspect based on the third aspect ,
The plurality of observation devices monitor the detected data using a wireless line.
Transmitted to the visual observation device, and the detection data is transmitted from the observation device.
When sending data, each observation device has its own unique
The monitor that transmits after a delay time of
In the observation device, each observation device is based on its own delay time.
The ground vibration detection time of the observation device was calculated.
And features.

[0009]

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. That is, all of the drawings are for explaining the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a structural conceptual diagram of a ground vibration detecting sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a portion related to the circuit, FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a signal flow from the detection of vibration by the ground vibration detection sensor to the output of the final output, that is, the non-voltage contact output of the relay, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an installation conceptual diagram specifically showing an example in which a ground surface vibration detection sensor is used in a debris flow detection system. FIG. 5 shows an example of detection by output signal (observation devices 1 to 6) modes from a plurality of ground surface vibration detection sensors. It is a figure explaining and explaining determination of debris flow generation.

First, the structure of the ground vibration detecting sensor will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes a substrate on which elements constituting the ground surface vibration detecting sensor are mounted, 10 to 13 denote mounting holes provided in the substrate 1, 20 and 21 denote vibration plates for detecting vibrations described later, and vibrations detected by the detected vibrations. Amplifying gear for amplifying the rotational operation, and a support plate for installing a DC generator for transmitting a relay having a non-voltage contact to transmit the amplified rotational operation and output ground vibration detection; 30, 31 Are diaphragms for sensing vibrations on the ground surface in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, and 32 and 33 are diaphragms 30,
31 corresponding to the vibration of the ground surface,
The fulcrum for rotating 1 is a diaphragm 30, 34 is a diaphragm 30,
Gear grooves 40 and 41 are provided on the diaphragms 30 and 31 for transmitting a rotational operation. Weights are provided on the diaphragms 30 and 31 for obtaining an inertia moment of the rotational operation due to the vibration of the diaphragms 30 and 31. , 50 and 51 are diaphragms 30 and 31
The springs 60 and 61 are provided in correspondence with the gears 34 and 35 of the diaphragms 30 and 31 integrated with the amplifying gears described later. , 71 are amplification gears for amplifying the rotation operation from the diaphragms 30 and 31 and transmitting the amplified operation to a DC generator described later. Reference numerals 80 and 81 are DC generators for obtaining an electric output by the rotation operation transmitted from the amplification gears 70 and 71. The DC generator 81 is the same as the DC generator 80 and is not shown, and 82 and 83 are the DC generators 80 and 8.
1 is a generator gear that meshes with the amplifying gears 70 and 71 integrated with each other. The substrate 1 is made of a metal having high rigidity.
Each element constituting the ground surface vibration detection sensor including the zero and the vibration plate 31 is mounted.

The four corners of the substrate 1 are fixed to the ground or a base made of concrete using the mounting holes 10 to 13 with concrete screws or the like. Is configured to be sensitive to vibrations in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. A diaphragm 30 is provided for the X-axis and the Z-axis, and a diaphragm 31 is provided for the Y-axis and the Z-axis. Detect vibrations on the ground surface, respectively.

In the description here, the vibration in the X-axis and Z-axis directions will be described. However, the configuration for the vibration in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions is the same as that in the case of the X-axis and Z-axis. The X
In the configuration of the axis and the Z-axis, the support plate 20 is vertically and integrally fixed on the substrate 1 made of a highly rigid metal plate, and the vibration plate 30 for detecting vibration is a highly rigid plate-like metal. The vibration plate 30 is supported at a slight distance from the support plate 20 so as to be rotatable about a fulcrum 32 provided at the upper end corner of the diaphragm 30. .

Further, in order to transmit the rotating operation of the diaphragm 30 to the DC generator 80, the diaphragm 30 in the vicinity of a position where a spring 50 to be described later is mounted on a lower end corner opposite to the fulcrum 32 of the diaphragm 30 and diagonally is mounted. A gear groove 34 is provided on the side surface of the oscillating plate 30, and transmits the rotation of the diaphragm 30 to the DC generator 80 via the amplification gear 70. The sensitivity and the like of the rotating operation to be transmitted can be easily changed by changing the size of the amplification gear 70 so that it can be converted.

A weight 40 made of heavy metal such as lead is placed on the diaphragm 30 on a plane slightly closer to the fulcrum 31 than the center of the diaphragm 30 to obtain an inertia moment due to vibration. In order for the diaphragm 30 to detect ground surface vibrations faithfully, the bottom of the notch near the gear groove 34 located at the lower end corner opposite to the fulcrum 32 diagonally and the substrate 1
Is provided between the diaphragm 30 and the diaphragm 30.
The position of the fulcrum 32 is set at a position where the diaphragm 30 easily loses its balance with respect to the vibrations in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, that is, a position where the vibration is easily felt.

The metal support plate 21 having high rigidity is made of Y
In order to detect a vibration generated on a plane composed of the axis and the Z axis, the substrate is fixed vertically and integrally to the substrate 1 at a position orthogonal to the diaphragm 30. A diaphragm 31 made of a highly rigid plate-like metal having a structure is installed,
The fulcrum 33 of the diaphragm 31 is attached to the support plate 21 at a position near the fulcrum 32 of the diaphragm 30 with the same structure as the fulcrum 32.

The ground surface vibration detection sensor has a vibration as shown in FIG. 3A, that is, a vibration plate 30 (or a vibration plate 31) having an amplitude of 10 as a base vibration for detecting occurrence of debris flow.
The condition that the vibration of 0 micron and the period of 100 ms lasts for 1 second is determined as the vibration of the ground surface.

When the vibration shown in FIG. 3A is detected by the diaphragm 30, the vibration is transmitted to the amplifying gear 70 through the gear groove 32 so that the amplification gear 70 can obtain an amplification factor of about 60 times. Since the radius ratio is set, the DC generator 80 is given a rotation equivalent to 6 mm. Where D
Assuming that a torque for driving the C generator 80 is required to be about 50 g, 3 kg is added to the weight 40 in order to obtain the necessary moment of inertia for the diaphragm 30.

Next, the operation of the ground vibration detecting sensor will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows a DC generator 80 that outputs, as an electric signal, a starting force due to a rotating operation detected with respect to the ground vibration in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and a rotation detected with respect to the ground vibration in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. An output from the DC generator 81, which outputs the starting force due to the operation as an electric signal, drives a relay to which a common application is applied, and an electric circuit representing a final output by a make contact of a non-voltage contact of the relay. And DC generator 8
1 is supplied to a relay driving unit via a filter unit having the same circuit configuration, a detection unit D1 and a detection unit D2, and a charge-up capacitor unit which is common to both. The filter section is operated by the choke coils of L10, L11, L20 and L21 and the electrolytic capacitors of C10 to C13 and C20 to C23, the detection section D1 and the detection section D2 are formed by a diode matrix, and the charge-up capacitor section. Are respectively constituted by the resistors of R1 and R2 and the electrolytic capacitor of C14, and the relay of K1 is driven by a signal input to the base of the power FET Q1 by a plurality of diodes and outputs a non-voltage contact k1.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show signal waveforms of various parts of the electric circuit shown in FIG. 2 with respect to the vibration waveform from the ground surface detected by the diaphragm 30 and the diaphragm 31. FIG. ) Indicates a DC generator output waveform, (c) indicates a filter passing waveform, (d) indicates a waveform between both ends of the charge-up capacitor, and (e) indicates a relay output. When the diaphragm 30 for detecting the vibrations of the X axis and the Z axis detects the vibration as shown in FIG.
From FIG. 3B. This output signal is applied to the filter units (L10, L11, C10 to C1) shown in FIG.
3) Vibration frequency of debris flow by passing through (10Hz component)
Has been taken out.

As a result, the noise is reduced as shown in (c), and the signal passing through the filter is detected by the detector D1, and charges the charge-up capacitor composed of R1, R2 and C14. If this charging continues for one second, the power (1.8 V across capacitor C14) required to drive small relay K1 with a rated operating voltage of 1.5 V is obtained, power FET Q1 operates, and relay K1 is activated. Operates in pulse form. When the power FET Q1 operates, the capacitance of the capacitor C14 is discharged through the resistor R2 and returns to the initial state. In the above description, the X-axis and Z-axis vibrations are detected by the diaphragm 30, but the diaphragm 3 for detecting the Y-axis and Z-axis vibrations
1 has the same function and operation, and the output of the DC generator 81 is supplied to the filter section (L20, L21, C20 to C2).
Through 3), the charge-up capacitor composed of R1, R2, and C14 is charged through the detection unit D2. As described above, the ground vibration detection sensor converts the vibration energy of the ground to an electric signal and outputs the relay K as the final output.
A pulse output of one non-voltage contact (k1) is obtained.

Next, a system using the ground surface vibration detection sensor will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the installation of the debris flow detection system. Observation devices 1 to 6 are arranged along a mountain stream, and each observation device has at least one ground surface vibration detection sensor described in FIG. The observation devices 1 to 4 transmit the observation results by radio transmission to the monitoring device 10.
Although the signal is transmitted to 0, the content of the signal is modulated by a so-called unique station code for distinguishing the observation devices 1 to 4 and transmitted. Observation devices 5 and 6 do not use a wireless device, and directly transmit a station code to monitoring device 100 when vibration is detected.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of judging debris flow using the detection data of each of the observation devices 1 to 6 in FIG.
(A) shows an example in which the ground surface vibration detection sensors of the observation devices 1 to 6 detect vibrations at the same time, and in this detection mode, vibrations occur on the ground surface at substantially the same time over a wide area due to an earthquake. The monitoring station 100 determines that the debris flow has occurred, and does not use the speaker 102 and the telephone line 103 to issue an alarm for occurrence of debris flow.

The detection mode (b) shows an example in which only the observation device 2 detects vibration, and the observation device 1 and the observation devices 3 to 6 on the downstream side vibrate even after a certain period of time. The monitoring device 100 determines that vibration noise other than debris flow has not been detected, and no alarm is issued as in the detection mode (a).

The detection mode (c) is an example in which vibrations are detected in order of the observation device 1, the observation device 2, and the observation device 3 in order, and such a vibration detection mode indicates that debris flow is occurring. In the monitoring device 100, the speaker 102
The detection mode (a), in which a warning is issued to the danger area using the telephone line 103 to minimize a disaster caused by debris flow, will be described further. If the transmission system is used and the radio frequencies of the observation devices 1 to 4 are the same, interference occurs, and the monitoring station 100 cannot receive and demodulate the signals of the observation devices 1 to 4 normally. Second, the observation devices 4 individually provide a unique delay time, and perform wireless transmission after a set delay time when detecting vibration. As a result, simultaneous transmission of radio waves is avoided.

The monitoring device 100 determines the observation device based on the received signal, calculates the occurrence time from the known delay time, calculates that the vibration is at the same time, and determines that the vibration is caused by an earthquake.

In the above description, the example in which the sensor of the debris flow detection system is constituted only by the ground surface vibration detection sensor has been described. However, it is apparent that the use of the sensor together with the rainfall measurement further improves the accuracy of the debris flow generation detection.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the ground surface vibration detection sensor of the present invention does not require any power, converted into an electrical signal by utilizing the energy obtained by the vibration, the final output signal is caused
Since power is output using, for example, pulse-shaped no-voltage contacts, a new system can be easily configured because it can be easily replaced with the rain gauge of the debris flow generation prediction system that is configured by measuring the current rainfall. it can. Although it depends on the installation location of the ground surface vibration detection sensor, unlike a wire sensor, it does not break or flow out due to snow or the original debris flow, so it can be used repeatedly. The signal processing has a remarkable effect that inexpensive and highly reliable detection can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural conceptual diagram of a ground surface vibration detection sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a ground vibration detection sensor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing signal processing of the ground vibration detection sensor of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of installation of a debris flow detection system according to the vibration detection method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating debris flow generation by the vibration detection method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Board | substrate 10-13 ... Mounting hole 20, 21 ... Support plate 30, 31 ... Vibration plate 32, 33 ... Support point 34, 35 ... Gear groove 40, 41 ... Weight 50, 51 ... Spring 60, 61 ... Gear 70, 71 ... Amplification gears 80, 81 DC generators 82, 83 DC generator gears 100 Monitoring device 101 Antenna 102 Speaker 103 Telephone line

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Yoshiraru Ishikawa & Tadanori Ishizuka, Civil Engineering Research Material, 337 Takashi Yamada, Tetsuyuki Minami & Hideaki Mizuno, Journal of Sabo Society, 50 (5), pp. 60-64 and Imprint ( (Published on January 15, 1998) Makoto Hikita, Seibu District Natural Disaster Sciences Research Bulletin, No. 20, pp. 142-146, March 1996, see Fig. 2 (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ^7, DB name) G01H 1/00 G01D 21/00 G01V 1/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A substrate mounted on a ground surface and a substrate
A vibrating plate that is arranged along a vertical plane and that is attached to a support provided on the substrate so as to be swingable about a fulcrum at an upper end corner, and that the vibrating plate is elastically mounted on the substrate.
And vibrates the diaphragm around the fulcrum
The vibration of the spring member and the vibrating plate is converted into a rotational motion and the vibration is generated.
Conversion means for generating electric power, and electromotive force from the conversion means
When the force is output for a predetermined time, the ground vibration of the detection target occurs
Means for making a judgment using the electromotive force
A ground surface vibration detection sensor. 2. A plurality of said vibrating plates are vibrated on said substrate.
The detection direction is provided differently, The claim characterized by the above-mentioned.
2. The ground surface vibration detection sensor according to 1. 3. The low point from high-altitude point, claim
A plurality having the ground surface vibration detection sensor according to 1 or 2
A debris flow detection system , wherein the observation devices are arranged and the occurrence of vibration is sequentially detected from each of the observation devices to detect the occurrence of debris flow. 4. A one said plurality of observation devices for transmitting detection data to the monitoring device by using a radio channel, when transmitting the detection data from said observation device, different inherent delay time each observation device respectively transmitting after said detection by said monitoring device that receives the data, according to claim 3, characterized in that to calculate the ground surface vibration detection time inherent delay each observation device based on the respective observation devices The debris flow detection system according to 1.