JP3257684B2 - Forward directional warhead - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention particularly relates to a forward directional warhead having a more effective debris effect on targets in the direction of flight of a missile warhead.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A warhead used for a missile or the like is limited to a cylindrical shape because of the necessity of disposing a homing portion in front of the warhead. In the case of a cylindrical shape, most of the generated fragments are scattered laterally with respect to the flight direction, and it is extremely difficult to direct the fragments in the flight direction, that is, in the forward direction. In the case of a bell-shaped warhead used for a normal shell, fragments are scattered to some extent in a wide range forward, but it is difficult to arrange a homing portion in front of the warhead. However, in practical use, there is a demand for a warhead that has a destructive effect on targets located in the flight direction (forward).

A cylindrical warhead intended to direct debris forward is disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,974,771. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of the structure of the warhead. In the warhead shown in the drawing, fragments 1 between the fixed plate 9 and the explosive 3 are scattered forward by the detonation of the explosive 3 initiated by the detonator 5. However, there is a large useless space 11 between the fixing plate 9 and the outer shell 10, and the structure is extremely complicated. As described above, a warhead that has a cylindrical shape and scatters fragments forward and has no wasted space and a simple structure has been demanded, but a warhead that meets this demand has been known to date. Not.

[0004]

In order to scatter the fragments generated from the peripheral wall due to the explosion of the cylindrical warhead, it is necessary to tilt all the angles of the fragments forward. For this purpose, the shape of the warhead is close to a conical shape, which is different from the requirement of a cylindrical shape. On the other hand, if a conical warhead is placed in a cylindrical container, it must meet a demand but has a large wasteful space, and the structure itself becomes complicated. As a way to avoid this, it is conceivable to make the inner wall of the warhead that will become debris by detonation into a step shape, but simply by making it into a step shape, the generated fragment scatters almost to the same side as a normal cylindrical warhead . In other words, it is a very difficult technology at present to obtain a simple warhead that has a cylindrical shape and has no useless space and scatters fragments forward.

[0005]

The inventors of the present invention have studied over a long period of time, and have found that the debris generated by the detonation scatters forward by optimizing the shape of the explosive charge of the warhead and the shape of the metal case. Was obtained. Based on this finding, the inventors have invented a forward directional warhead that has a cylindrical shape, scatters fragments generated by detonation forward, has no useless space, and has a simple structure. That is, the present invention has a metal case, and a plurality of protruding pieces inclined forward from the inner side wall of the metal case in a forward directional warhead including the explosive and the detonating means stored in the case, and the rear of each protruding piece. An air chamber for maintaining a space between the projecting piece and the explosive is provided, wherein the forward directional warhead and the front end having a blade at the tip of the projecting piece for shutting off the front of the air chamber. Regarding directional warheads.

Next, an example of a preferred configuration of the forward directional warhead of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a metal case, and reference numeral 3 denotes an explosive stored in the metal case. Arrows indicate the flight direction of the warhead, and there are a plurality of projecting pieces 1 ′ inclined with respect to the flight direction from the inner side wall of the metal case 2, and a space is maintained between the projecting piece 1 ′ and the explosive charge 3 There is an air chamber 4. 5 is a detonator.
Numeral 6 is a blade for holding an air chamber provided at the tip of the projecting piece.

When the explosive 3 detonates, the side walls of the metal case 2 become fragments. In this case, the gas generated by the detonation of the explosive is compressed in the air chamber 4, so that the fragments are scattered forward according to the inclination angle of the projecting pieces inside the side wall from the reaction. Further, the presence of the blades 6 holding the air chamber further enhances the effect of compressing this gas,
The debris will scatter more forward. If the air chamber 4 does not exist, the effect of the compressed gas cannot be expected, so that the debris has little difference in forward directivity as compared with a normal non-angled warhead.

The size of the air chamber 4, that is, if the distance between the debris and the explosive is too small, the effect of the compressed gas cannot be expected, so that the capability with respect to the forward directivity is reduced. And the speed of the fragments is reduced, so that the power of the fragments is reduced. Although this interval varies depending on the demand for the warhead, this interval is narrow to some extent when emphasizing the power of the fragment, for example, it is desirable to set it smaller than the thickness of the fragment, and when emphasizing forward directivity, this interval is Is desirably set to be somewhat large, for example, larger than the thickness of the fragments.

The number of projecting pieces 1 'of the metal case is determined by the requirements for the warhead. Reducing the number of protruding pieces, that is, the pieces produced by the detonation, reduces the amount of explosive charge, thereby reducing the speed of the pieces, but increasing the mass of the pieces. Also, when the number of projecting pieces 1 ′ is large, that is, when the generated fragments are small, the amount of explosive charge increases accordingly, thereby increasing the speed of the fragments and reducing the mass of the fragments.

The material of the metal case 2 is preferably made of a material having high strength which has a great effect of penetrating a target and which is not subdivided by an impact. It is preferable to use a material having a holding strength.

The angle of inclination of the protruding piece 1 'of the metal case 2 with respect to the front is preferably about 45 ° in terms of its configuration. However, depending on the requirements for the warhead, different angles can be applied. For example, as the angle decreases, the angle at which the fragments are scattered forward decreases, but the space on the side of the warhead can be reduced, so that the amount of explosives can be increased, that is, the power of the fragments can be increased. Also, as the angle increases, the space on the side of the warhead increases, so that the amount of explosive is small, that is, the power of the fragments decreases, but the angle at which the fragments scatter forward increases.

The explosive 3 is mainly composed of a high explosive explosive, such as cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX) or a secondary explosive such as cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), in order to increase the debris velocity. Although it is desirable to use explosives that explode, especially when the demand for the debris velocity is not strong, aluminum powder and ammonium perchlorate (A
High-energy explosives mainly composed of an exothermic agent such as P) and an oxidizing agent may be used.

The blade 6 may be made of any material as long as it has a certain strength for the purpose of blocking the gas flow until the metal case becomes a fragment and jumps out. Further, the thickness may be a certain thickness for the above-mentioned purpose, but if it is too thick, the speed of the fragments is undesirably reduced.

Regarding the method of manufacturing the warhead, it is difficult to put the explosive charge after assembling the metal part,
It can be manufactured by dividing the metal part vertically and attaching the divided metal part to the explosive charge before holding it outside.

[0015]

The metal case 2 is scattered as fragments by the detonation of the explosive 3 detonated by the detonating device 5, but the gas generated by the reaction of the detonation of the explosive 3 is compressed in the air chamber 4. As a result, the fragments are scattered forward according to the angle of the projecting pieces from the reaction. Furthermore, since the gas generated by attaching the blade 6 holding the air chamber to the protruding piece becomes difficult to escape from the air chamber, the effect of the compression becomes stronger and the fragments are scattered more forward.

[0016]

By using the forward directional warhead of the present invention, even a normal missile warhead having a homing portion at the front of the warhead can generate more effective debris than a conventional warhead against a target located in front. Can do harm.

[0017]

The present invention will be described by way of examples and comparative examples. Example 1 A forward directional warhead according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was manufactured.
First, the configuration of the warhead will be described. Explosive 3 has a high explosive speed, RDX is 80%, the rest is made of a polyurethane type binder, the explosive speed is 8000 m / s, and the maximum outer diameter is 70
mm, the minimum outer diameter is 56 mm, and the length is 112 mm. The side surfaces are formed in eight steps based on the structure of the inner wall side surface of the metal case 2 described below. The angles of the stairs were all set to 90 ° and the angle to the front was set to 45 °. The metal case 2 has an outer diameter of 84 mm and a length of 112
Eight protruding pieces 1 ′ which are set in such a manner that the angle to the front is 45 ° like the explosive are attached. The thickness of the protruding piece 1 'is 4.5 mm, and a space is maintained between the protruding piece 1' and the explosive. The interval, that is, the thickness of the air chamber is 5.5 mm. In FIG. 2, a blade 6 is provided at the tip of the protruding piece 1 '. The blades are attached to the protruding pieces with adhesive. The metal case is SS41 carbon steel and the blade is a stainless steel plate.

The scattering angle distribution of generated fragments was calculated by detonating the forward directional warhead. The calculation method will be described with reference to FIG. The forward directional warhead 7 is fixed vertically and vertically at the center, and has a thickness of 3.2 m around the entire circumference at a distance of 0.8 m.
A target steel plate 8 of SS 41 mm was placed (only the side steel plate is shown in the figure), and the scattered pieces of the fragments scattered by firing the warhead from above were measured. Table 1 shows the results.

Example 2 Explosive was high energy explosive, AP 42%, aluminum powder 26
%, With the balance being polyurethane binder and RDX, the warhead was detonated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the explosion speed was 6000 m / s, and the scattering angle distribution of the generated fragments was calculated. Table 1 shows the results.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE The same experiment was conducted using a normal cylindrical warhead (having substantially the same size as that of the embodiment) having no irregularities on the side of the explosive charge, no protruding pieces inside the metal case, and no air chamber. . Table 1 shows the results.

[Table 1] The Examples and Comparative Examples show that the warhead of the present invention is superior to the conventional warhead in forward directivity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a forward directional warhead of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of another forward directional warhead of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an experimental method.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a warhead intended to direct debris forward as described in US Pat. No. 3,974,771.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fragment 1 'Projection piece 2 Metal case 3 Explosive charge 4 Air chamber 5 Detonator 6 Blade 7 Forward directional warhead 8 Target steel plate 9 Fixing plate 10 Outer shell 11 Space

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-48199 (JP, A) JP-A-2-106700 (JP, A) JP-A-48-31800 (JP, A) (58) Investigation Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F42B 12 / 14,12 / 00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A forward directional warhead comprising a metal case, and an explosive and a detonating means stored in the case,
Forward directivity characterized by a plurality of protruding pieces inclined forward from the inner wall of the metal case side, and an air chamber that maintains a space between the protruding pieces and the explosive is installed behind each protruding piece . warhead. 2. The forward end of the air chamber is cut off at the tip of the projecting piece .
Forward directional warhead of claim 1 having a blade for that.