JP3246223U - spanner - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a wrench that improves the workability of tightening or loosening a screw member, and allows the work to be performed reliably and safely. [Solution] The present invention is a spanner (1) used for tightening or loosening a hexagonal screw member, which is removably fixed to a spanner body (10) and a spanner body (10). (10) and an attachment (20) that surrounds the screw member (P). The spanner body (10) has contact surfaces (T1 to T4) that come into surface contact with four continuous side surfaces (S1 to S4) of the six side surfaces (S1 to S6) of the screw member (P), respectively. The attachment (20) has contact surfaces (T5, T6) that are in surface contact with the other two side surfaces (S5, S6) of the screw member (P), respectively. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a spanner used for tightening or loosening an N-gon (for example, hexagon) screw member.

In valve devices, the gland packing deteriorates due to wear and heat history during use, causing leakage from the gland packing (gland leakage). To prevent gland leakage, the gland (gland nut) is retightened, and gland leakage can be prevented by retightening the gland by tightening the gland nut using a tightening tool such as a wrench.

Publication No. 53-009598

The gland nut of a valve device is placed in various positions depending on the type and structure of the valve device. For example, in some structures, the gland nut is installed in a position where it does not interfere with the handle connected to the valve stem, or in a structure in which the gland nut is placed in a position that does not interfere with the handle connected to the valve stem, or in a shaft that extends from the handle to the valve stem. There is a structure in which a gland nut fits into the structure.

In the former case, the gland nut is located in a position that does not interfere with the handle, etc., so you can use a spanner or box wrench to retighten the gland, but in the latter case, the gland nut is fitted onto the shaft of the handle. Because of this, it is not possible to put a box wrench over the gland nut, and a spanner must be used.

Torque is applied to the wrench by holding two opposing sides of a threaded member (nut or bolt). However, when a large torque is applied, the arm portions on both sides that contact the two opposing side surfaces of the screw member are deformed, and the contact area with the side surfaces of the screw member becomes small. Deformation of the spanner means that the gap between the spanner and the threaded member becomes larger, which not only makes it difficult to tighten or loosen the threaded member even when torque is applied, but also causes the spanner to come off from the threaded member when applying torque. Problems such as damaging the screw member arise.

One solution to this problem would be to use the aforementioned box wrench, but if there is an obstruction above, it will not be possible to fit the wrench over the screw member. In order to use the wrench, however, it is necessary to dismantle the various parts connected to the screw member, and then reassemble them after tightening or loosening, which is a time-consuming task. In particular, dismantling requires the device or equipment to be stopped, which poses the problem of reduced operating rates.

In addition, the box wrench including the spanner of Patent Document 1 has a structure in which the protrusion projecting inward from the circumferential surface of the fitting portion makes point contact with the side surface of the screw member, so the contact area with the side surface of the screw member is small. . Therefore, since the contact area for torque transmission is small, there is a problem of slipping and spinning.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a wrench that improves the workability of tightening or loosening a screw member and that can be performed reliably and safely.

(1) The present invention is a spanner used for tightening or loosening a hexagonal screw member, and the spanner includes a spanner body and an attachment that is removably fixed to the spanner body and surrounds the screw member together with the spanner body. and has. The spanner main body has contact surfaces that make surface contact with each of four consecutive sides of the six side surfaces of the screw member, and the attachment has contact surfaces that make surface contact with each of the other two side surfaces of the screw member. It has a surface.

(2) In the above (1), the wrench body can be configured to have a base and a pair of arms branching off from the base. Two abutment surfaces that come into surface contact with two opposing side surfaces of the screw member can be provided on the pair of arms, respectively, and abutment surfaces that come into surface contact with the four side surfaces other than the two opposing side surfaces can be provided on the base.

(3) In the above (1), the spanner main body can be configured to have a base and a pair of arm parts branched from the base. Two contact surfaces that are in surface contact with two opposing side surfaces of the threaded member are provided on a pair of arm sections, respectively, and the pair of arm sections are provided with a contact surface that is in surface contact with two opposing side surfaces of the threaded member. Each of the guide surfaces may be provided with an extended guide surface. The attachment may include a guide portion that is inserted into the openings of the pair of arm portions while being in contact with the guide surface.

(4) In (2) or (3) above, each of the pair of arm portions has a fixing hole with a thread groove formed in the attachment/detachment direction of the attachment, and the attachment has a fastening member that is threadedly inserted into the fixing hole. It can be configured such that a possible insertion hole is formed. The pair of arm portions and the attachment can be configured to be connected and fixed via a fastening member.

(5) In the above (2) or (3), the attachment can be fixed so as to close the openings of the pair of arms after insertion into the screw member, and when the pair of arms are connected and fixed by the attachment, each of the six consecutive side faces of the screw member can be configured to be surrounded and in surface contact with the abutment surfaces of the wrench body and the abutment surfaces of the attachment.

(6) In (1) above, the spanner head composed of the spanner body and the attachment can be configured to be removably attached to the handle connected to the spanner body, and the spanner head can be configured to be removably attached to the handle connected to the spanner body, and the spanner head can be configured to It can be constructed so that it can be replaced with a different spanner head prepared in advance.

(7) The present invention is a wrench used for tightening or loosening an N-sided (N is an integer of 3 or more) screw member, the wrench having a wrench body and an attachment that is removably fixed to the wrench body and surrounds the screw member together with the wrench body. The wrench body has abutment surfaces that respectively come into surface contact with M consecutive side surfaces out of the N side surfaces of the screw member, and the attachment has abutment surfaces that come into surface contact with the other (N-M) side surfaces of the screw member.

According to the present invention, the spanner body can be inserted into the screw member from any direction including the horizontal direction with the detachable attachment removed, and by fixing the attachment to the spanner body after insertion into the screw member, the wrench body can be inserted into the screw member from any direction including the horizontal direction. It can surround the sides of the member. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the spanner body from separating from the screw member when torque is applied, and it is also possible to suppress deformation of the spanner body when torque is applied.

The six side surfaces surrounded by the spanner body and the attachment are in surface contact with the contact surfaces of the spanner body and the attachment. Thereby, a large torque transmission area to the screw member can be ensured, and torque transmission efficiency can be improved.

In this way, the present invention improves the ease of tightening or loosening a screw member, while allowing it to be performed reliably and safely.

It is a figure showing the spanner of Example 1 concerning the present invention. It is a figure for explaining how to attach the spanner of Example 1 based on this invention. It is a figure for explaining how to attach the spanner of Example 1 based on this invention. It is a figure for explaining the surface contact state when applying torque to a screw member using the spanner of Example 1 based on this invention. It is a figure which shows the spanner of Example 2 based on this invention. It is a figure which shows the wrench of the modification 1 based on this invention. It is a figure which shows the wrench of the modification 2 based on this invention. 13 is a view showing a third modified example of a wrench according to the present invention; FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(Example 1)
1 to 4 are diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a spanner 1 of this embodiment. The screw member P is a nut or a bolt, and the screw member P is tightened or loosened by inserting a spanner 1 into the head of the hexagonal nut or hexagonal bolt. In FIG. 1, six consecutive sides of the hexagonal screw member P are labeled S1 to S6.

The spanner 1 includes a spanner body 10 and an attachment 20. The attachment 20 is a member that is detachably fixed to the spanner body 10 and surrounds the screw member together with the spanner body. The spanner body 10 is integrally formed with the handle 30. The spanner body 10 and the attachment 20 constitute a spanner head 100.

The spanner main body 10 includes contact surfaces T1 to T4 that come into surface contact with four continuous side surfaces S1 to S4 of the six side surfaces S1 to S6 of the screw member P, respectively. It has contact surfaces T5 and T6 that are in surface contact with the other two side surfaces S5 and S6, respectively.

The spanner body 10 includes a base 11 and a pair of arm parts 12 and 13 branched from the base 11. Two contact surfaces T1, T2 that make surface contact with the two opposing side surfaces S1, S2 of the screw member P are provided on the pair of arm portions 12, 13, respectively. Contact surfaces T3 and T4 that make surface contact with side surfaces S3 and S4 other than the two side surfaces S1 and S2 are provided on the base 11.

That is, among the six continuous side surfaces of the screw member, the contact surfaces T1 and T2 that come into surface contact with the opposing side surfaces S1 and S2 are provided on the pair of arms 12 and 13, and are continuous from the side surface S1. A contact surface T3 and a contact surface T4 that are in surface contact with the side surface S3 and the side surface S4 continuous from the side surface S2 are provided on the base 11. The attachment 20 is provided with a contact surface T5 and a contact surface T6 that are in surface contact with a side surface S5 opposite to the side surface S3 and a side surface S6 opposite to the side surface S4.

The pair of arm portions 12 and 13 provided with contact surfaces T1 and T2 are respectively provided with guide surfaces G1 and G2 extending from the contact surfaces T1 and T2, and the inner surfaces of the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are provided with guide surfaces G1 and G2 extending from the contact surfaces T1 and T2, respectively. are formed as long as the guide surfaces G1 and G2. The attachment 20 includes guide parts g1 and g2 that are inserted into the opening between the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 while coming into contact with the guide surfaces G1 and G2. The guide portions g1, g2 protrude toward the wrench body from the end surface 22 where the fixing hole 21 is formed, and the side surfaces of these protruding portions abut against the guide surfaces G1, G2. The guide surfaces G1, G2 of the spanner body 10 and the guide portions g1, g2 of the attachment 20 form a guide mechanism for the spanner 1.

Each end face 15 of the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 is provided with a fixing hole 14 having a thread groove formed in the attachment/detachment direction of the attachment 20, respectively. The attachment 20 has an insertion hole 21 through which a fastening member Q that is screwed into the fixing hole 14 can be inserted. The pair of arm parts 12 and 13 and the attachment 20 are connected and fixed via a fastening member Q.

More specifically, the attachment 20 is removably fixed so as to close the opening between the pair of arms 12 and 13 by the contact surface T5 and the contact surface T6. As a result, the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 that are separated after the screw member P is inserted are connected and fixed to each other, and the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 are connected and fixed by the attachment 20, and the screw member Six continuous side surfaces S1 to S6 of P are surrounded by contact surfaces T1 to T4 of the spanner body 10 and contact surfaces T5 and T6 of the attachment 20, respectively.

2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining how to attach the spanner 1 of this embodiment. With the attachment 20 removed from the spanner body 10, the spanner body 10 is inserted into the threaded member P (for example, a nut) to be worked on. At this time, since the space between the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 is open, the spanner main body 10 can be installed horizontally with respect to the screw member P. Note that the spanner body 10 of this embodiment is not limited to the horizontal direction, but can be inserted into the screw member P from any direction including the horizontal direction, for example, diagonally upward, diagonally downward, or upward. The spanner body 10 can also be inserted from below.

Attachment 20 is attached to spanner body 10 into which screw member P is inserted. The attachment 20 is attached to the spanner body 10 so as to cover the other side surfaces S5 and S6 of the screw member P that are not surrounded by the spanner body 10. The attachment 20 is fixed to the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 with a fastening member Q such as a bolt.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the surface contact state when applying torque to the screw member P using the spanner 1 of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, when the pair of arm parts 12 and 13 that are spaced apart after being inserted into the screw member P are connected and fixed by the attachment 20, all six continuous side surfaces S1 to S6 of the screw member P are It is surrounded by surface contact with each of the contact surfaces T1 to T6 of the main body 10 and the attachment 20 without any gaps.

In other words, the spanner 1 of this embodiment has a contact surface S1, a contact surface S2, and a contact surface S3 that face each other at a distance of width s across flats (see FIG. 1) of a screw member P having a hexagonal outer shape. It has a contact surface S5, a contact surface S4, and a contact surface S6, and six consecutive side surfaces S1 to S6 of the screw member P are held between the contact surfaces corresponding to the width across flats s on any side. Ru.

When torque is applied to the handle 30 in this state, all six continuous side surfaces S1 to S6 of the threaded member P are in surface contact with the spanner 1, so the torque transmission efficiency is improved and the thread is reliably and smoothly screwed. The member P can be tightened or loosened. Note that the torque can be applied by rotating the handle 30 manually by the operator, or by hitting the handle 30 with a hammer or the like.

In the spanner 1 of this embodiment, the spanner body 10 can be inserted into the screw member P from the horizontal direction with the removable attachment 20 removed, and the attachment 20 is fixed to the spanner body 10 after being inserted into the screw member P. By doing so, the side surface of the screw member P can be surrounded. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the spanner body 10 from separating from the screw member P when torque is applied, and it is also possible to suppress deformation of the spanner body 10 when torque is applied.

The six side surfaces S1 to S6 surrounded by the wrench body 10 and the attachment 20 come into surface contact with the contact surfaces T1 to T6 of the wrench body 10 and the attachment 20. This ensures a large torque transmission area to the screw member P, providing reliable tightening or loosening operations. It also prevents damage to the screw member P caused by free rotation.

In addition, the guide mechanism formed by the guide surfaces G1, G2 of the spanner body 10 and the guide parts g1, g2 of the attachment 20 allows the attachment 20 to be smoothly attached and fixed to the spanner body 10, improving workability. It is possible to improve the

Therefore, the workability of tightening or loosening the screw member P can be improved, and the work can be performed reliably and safely.

In addition, as mentioned above, by using the spanner 1 of this embodiment for retightening the gland nut of a valve device, various parts connected to the gland nut can be dismantled even if there is an interference above the gland nut. Further, retightening work can be easily and reliably performed without the need for laborious work such as reassembling after tightening or loosening work. In addition to improving work efficiency, it is possible to suppress a decrease in productivity (operating rate) because there is no need to stop the operation of related devices and equipment.

(Example 2)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The spanner 1A of this embodiment differs from the spanner 1 of the first embodiment in that it does not include a guide mechanism.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the spanner 1A does not include the guide surfaces G1, G2 of the spanner main body 10 and the guide portions g1, g2 of the attachment 20 of the first embodiment. Each end surface 22 in which the fixing hole 21 of the attachment 20A is formed is formed so as to be adjacent to and continuous with the contact surfaces T5 and T6, respectively. The spanner main body 10A is not provided with guide surfaces G1 and G2, and the lengths of the contact surfaces T1 and T2 are approximately the same as the lengths of the side surfaces S1 and S2 of the screw member P. The spanner body 10A and the attachment 20A constitute a spanner head 100A. The spanner 1A of this embodiment can obtain the same technical effects as in the first embodiment. Note that the other configurations are given the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Modification 1)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing modification example 1 according to the present invention. The spanner 1B of this modification is a double-ended spanner. Specifically, the spanner 1B has the spanner head 100 of the first embodiment described above and a hexagonal screw having the same configuration as the spanner head 100 but having a smaller width across flats than the spanner head 100 on both sides of the handle 30. It has a spanner head 100' corresponding to the member. The other configurations are given the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Modification 2)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second modification according to the present invention. The spanner 1C of this modification is a double-ended spanner. Specifically, the spanner 1C has a hexagonal screw on both sides of the handle 30 that has the same configuration as the spanner head 100A of the second embodiment and the spanner head 100A, but has a smaller width across flats than the spanner head 100A. It has a spanner head 100A' corresponding to the member. The other configurations are given the same reference numerals as those in the second embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Modification 3)
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third modification according to the present invention. In the spanner 1D of this modification, a spanner head 100 composed of a spanner main body 10 and an attachment 20 is configured to be attachable to and detachable from a handle 30.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the spanner head 100 (spanner body 10) and the handle 30 can be connected and fixed by inserting a fixing pin in a state where they are fitted to each other. The spanner head can be removed from the handle 30 by removing the fixing pin. Note that the manner of connecting and fixing the spanner head 100 and the handle 30 is not limited to this, and any known method may be applied as appropriate.

In this way, the spanner 1D of this modification can be replaced with a different spanner head 100 that is prepared in advance according to the size of the hexagonal screw member P. Incidentally, the spanner 1A of the second embodiment can also be constructed as a replaceable spanner.

Although the embodiments have been described above, the spanner of the present invention can be applied to threaded members P that are polygonal (triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, octagonal, etc.) other than hexagonal. In other words, the present invention:
A spanner used for tightening or loosening an N-shaped screw member (N is an integer of 3 or more),
The spanner body,
an attachment detachably fixed to the spanner body and surrounding the screw member together with the spanner body;
The spanner main body has a contact surface that makes surface contact with each of M consecutive side surfaces among the N side surfaces of the screw member,
The attachment may be a spanner having a contact surface that makes surface contact with (NM) other side surfaces of the threaded member.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments and modified examples, the spanner main body 10, the attachment 20, and the handle 30 have the same thickness. In this case, for example, the spanner 1 etc. can be cut out from a single iron plate by laser processing. Note that the thicknesses of the spanner body 10, the attachment 20, and the handle 30 are arbitrary, as long as they can provide strength corresponding to the size of the screw member and the amount of torque to be applied.

Moreover, in the above-mentioned Modifications 1 and 2, the double-ended spanner is provided with the spanner head 100 (or spanner head 100') of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 and the spanner head 100A (or spanner head 100A') of the above-mentioned embodiment 2. You can.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D Spanner 10, 10A Spanner body 11 Base 12 First arm 13 Second arm 14 Fixing hole 15 End surface 20, 20A Attachment 21 Insertion hole 22 End surface 30 Handle 100, 100', 100A, 100A' Spanner head g1, g2 Guide part G1, G2 Guide surface P Threaded member s Width across flats Q Fastening member S1 to S6 Side surface of threaded member T1 to T6 Contact surface

Claims (7)

A wrench used for tightening or loosening a hexagonal screw member,
A spanner body and
an attachment that is removably fixed to the wrench body and surrounds the screw member together with the wrench body;
the wrench body has abutment surfaces that come into surface contact with four consecutive side surfaces of the six side surfaces of the screw member,
The wrench according to claim 1, wherein the attachment has abutment surfaces that come into surface contact with the other two side surfaces of the screw member. The spanner main body has a base and a pair of arm parts branched from the base,
The two contact surfaces that make surface contact with the two opposing side surfaces of the screw member are respectively provided on the pair of arm portions,
2. The spanner according to claim 1, wherein the contact surface that makes surface contact with a side surface other than the two opposing side surfaces among the four side surfaces is provided on the base. The spanner main body has a base and a pair of arm parts branched from the base,
The two contact surfaces that make surface contact with the two opposing side surfaces of the screw member are respectively provided on the pair of arm portions,
The pair of arm portions are each provided with a guide surface extending from the contact surface that makes surface contact with two opposing side surfaces of the screw member,
The spanner according to claim 1, wherein the attachment includes a guide portion that is inserted into the opening of the pair of arm portions while contacting the guide surface. The pair of arm portions each have a fixing hole formed with a thread groove in the attachment/detachment direction of the attachment,
The attachment has an insertion hole through which a fastening member that is screwed into the fixing hole can be inserted,
The spanner according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pair of arm portions and the attachment are connected and fixed via the fastening member. the attachment is fixed to close the openings of the pair of arms after being inserted into the screw member,
A wrench as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that when the pair of arm portions are connected and fixed by the attachment, each of six consecutive side surfaces of the screw member is surrounded by and in surface contact with the abutment surfaces of the wrench body and the abutment surfaces of the attachment. The spanner body and the attachment constitute a spanner head,
The spanner head is removably installed on a handle connected to the spanner body,
The spanner according to claim 1, wherein the spanner head can be replaced with a different spanner head prepared in advance depending on the size of the hexagonal screw member. A spanner used for tightening or loosening an N-shaped screw member (N is an integer of 3 or more),
The spanner body,
an attachment detachably fixed to the spanner body and surrounding the screw member together with the spanner body;
The spanner main body has a contact surface that makes surface contact with each of M continuous side surfaces among the N side surfaces of the screw member,
The wrench is characterized in that the attachment has a contact surface that makes surface contact with (NM) other side surfaces of the threaded member.

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