JP3245654U - switchgear - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] The hatch cover panel can be moved with less force, has a simpler structure, and requires less maintenance work, and the hatch cover panel has dimensions within a predetermined range without changing the dimensions of the opening/closing device itself. To provide an opening/closing device that can open and close. An opening/closing device 11 includes a first link, a second link, and a third link, one end side of the first link is pivotally supported by a hatch cover panel 211, and the first link is pivotally supported by a hatch cover panel 211. The other end and one end of the second link are pivoted on the first pin, and the other end of the second link and one end of the third link are pivoted on the second pin. The other end of the third link is pivotally supported on the deck side of the ship's hull, and includes a link mechanism 31 that can be extended or bent. The second link is expandable and retractable, the length of the third link is shorter than the length of the first link, and the length of the third link is shorter than the length of the second link in the shortest state. short. [Selection diagram] Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to an opening/closing device, and more particularly to an opening/closing device that opens and closes a hatch by horizontally moving a hatch cover panel that covers the hatch of a ship.

Generally, a hatch cover panel that covers a hatch on a ship is opened and closed by a chain stretched along a coaming frame and a hydraulic motor that drives the chain.

When a side rolling type hatch cover equipped with a hydraulic cam mechanism is provided, a frame called a coaming and horizontal straight rails for moving the hatch cover are provided around the hatch. When closing the hatch cover, slide the wheels attached to the hatch cover diagonally downward from the top of the rail, and then slide the sealing sponge rubber attached to the hatch cover and the protruding plate on the coaming side (this is called a compression bar). Finally, a hydraulic cam mechanism presses the sponge rubber provided on both hatch covers and the compression bar to create a weathertight condition.

Conventionally, a hatch cover opening/closing mechanism using a link mechanism consisting of two links has also been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

The link mechanism includes a first link, a second link, and a third link and is extended or bent; and a predetermined position on the other end side of the second link, the link mechanism being extended or bent. a telescopic drive means provided between a predetermined position on the lower side of the second link and a predetermined position on the deck of the ship's hull, and driven by telescoping to extend or bend the link mechanism; A switching device including the above has also been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-68852 Patent No. 7066247

However, when closing the hatch cover, when the wheels attached to the hatch cover are slid diagonally downward from the top surface of the rail, the amount of vertical displacement from the top surface of the rail to the bottom is usually approximately 200 mm, and when opening the hatch cover, , it is necessary to use a hydraulic cam mechanism to push the hatch cover up to the height of the top of the rail. However, as the hatch cover becomes larger, the hydraulic cam mechanism also becomes larger. Additionally, the chains and hydraulic motors running along the coamings have also become larger and more expensive.

Furthermore, the chain stretches easily and requires adjustment each time it is opened or closed. Also, by eliminating the lifting device and providing grooves in the rails, separate rails were required for the wheels on the ship's center side and the wheels on the ship's side.

In the hatch cover opening/closing mechanism described in Patent Document 1, in order to remove a lifting device and pull up a wheel that has fallen into a rail groove, it is necessary to increase the driving force of the drive device.

Further, in the opening/closing device described in Patent Document 2, when the dimensions of the hatch cover panel change, the dimensions of the opening/closing device itself had to be changed in accordance with the dimensions of the hatch cover panel.

The present invention was developed in view of this situation, and it allows the hatch cover panel to be moved with less force, has a simpler structure, requires less maintenance work, and reduces the dimensions of the opening/closing device itself. This allows hatch cover panels of a predetermined range of dimensions to be opened and closed without changing the dimensions.

An opening/closing device according to one aspect of the present invention is an opening/closing device that is provided on opposite sides of a hatch cover panel covering a hatch of a ship and opens and closes the hatch by moving the hatch cover panel in the horizontal direction. a link, a second link and a third link, one end of the first link is pivotally supported on the hatch cover panel, the other end of the first link and one of the second links are pivotally supported on the hatch cover panel; an end is pivotally supported by the first pin, the other end of the second link and one end of the third link are pivotally supported by the second pin, and the other end of the third link is pivotally supported on the deck side of the ship's hull and has a link mechanism that can be extended or bent, the second link is extendable and retractable, and the length of the third link is equal to the length of the first link. The length of the third link is shorter than the length of the second link in its shortest state.

A telescoping drive may be further provided to extend or shorten the second link.

The telescoping drive can be a hydraulic cylinder.

An extension/bending drive section is further provided which extends or bends the link mechanism by being driven by extension/contraction, and one end of the link mechanism is pivotally supported by an end of the extension/bend drive section on the link mechanism side. a fourth link, the other end of which is pivotally supported on the other end side of the second link; The third link may further include a fifth link coaxially supported at the end and having the other end pivotally supported on the one end side of the third link.

The extension-flexion drive can be a hydraulic cylinder.

The third pin provided on the other end side of the first link contacts the first regulating member provided on the one end side of the second link, so that the first link a first angular position regulating part that regulates the angular position of the second link relative to the second link; and a fourth pin provided on one end side of the third link; It is possible to further provide a second angular position regulating part that regulates the angular position of the third link with respect to the second link by coming into contact with a second regulating member provided in the third link.

The first end surface of the other end of the second link and the second end surface of one end of the third link are such that the angular position of the third link with respect to the second link is a predetermined angle. , the second pin pivots the second link and the third link under the first end surface and the second end surface when the link mechanism is extended. be able to.

As described above, according to the present invention, the hatch cover panel can be moved with less force, has a simpler structure, and requires less maintenance work. Allows opening and closing of hatch cover panels with dimensions in the range of .

1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a switching device 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating expansion and contraction of a link 33. FIG. It is a front view of the opening/closing device 11 in a state where the link mechanism 31 is extended to be the longest. FIG. 3 is a front view of the opening/closing device 11 in which the hatch cover panel 211 has been moved to the right end of the horizontal movement range.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, and the correspondence relationship between the constituent elements of the present invention and the embodiments described in the detailed description of the invention is as follows. This description is to confirm that embodiments supporting the invention are described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, even if there are embodiments that are described in the detailed description of the invention but are not described here as embodiments that correspond to the constituent elements of the invention, this does not apply to such embodiments. This does not imply that the embodiments do not correspond to the constituent features. Conversely, even if an embodiment is described herein as corresponding to a constituent feature, this does not mean that the embodiment does not correspond to constituent features other than that constituent feature. It's nothing to do.

An opening/closing device according to one aspect of the present invention (for example, the opening/closing device 11 in FIG. 3) is provided on opposite sides of a hatch cover panel that covers a hatch of a ship, and moves the hatch cover panel in the horizontal direction to close the hatch. A switching device that opens and closes a first link (for example, link 34 in FIG. 3), a second link (for example, link 33 in FIG. 3), and a third link (for example, link 32 in FIG. 3). including, one end side of the first link is pivoted to the hatch cover panel, and the other end of the first link and one end of the second link are connected to the first pin (e.g., as shown in FIG. 3). The other end of the second link and one end of the third link are pivotally supported by the second pin (for example, hinge pin 38 in FIG. 3), and the third link The other end is pivotally supported on the deck side of the ship's hull, and includes a link mechanism (for example, link mechanism 31 in FIG. 3) that can be extended or bent, and the second link is expandable and retractable. , the length of the third link is shorter than the length of the first link, and the length of the third link is shorter than the length of the second link in its shortest state.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 thru|or FIG. 4, the opening/closing device of one embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a switching device 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(A) is a front view illustrating an example of the configuration of a switching device 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(B) is a front view illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the opening/closing device 11. FIG. FIG. 1C is a plan view illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the opening/closing device 11. FIG.

The opening/closing device 11 horizontally moves a hatch cover panel 211 (described later with reference to FIG. 3) that covers the hatch of the ship or moves horizontally from above the hatch to open the hatch. Open and close the hatch. The opening/closing device 11 is provided on both sides of the hatch cover panel 211. Here, the hatch is the hatch of a ship. Cargo loaded onto a ship is taken in and out of the ship's hold through a hatch.

Note that, hereinafter, the front-rear direction of the ship on which the hatch cover panel 211 is provided will be illustrated by the X-axis, the up-down direction will be illustrated by the Z-axis, and the left-right direction will be illustrated by the Y-axis. Further, in the following, the left side in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1 is simply referred to as the left side, and the right side in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1 is simply referred to as the right side. Further, in the following, the front side in FIG. 1 in the X-axis direction is simply referred to as the front side, and the back side in FIG. 1 in the X-axis direction is simply referred to as the rear side. Furthermore, hereinafter, the upper side in FIG. 1 in the Z-axis direction is simply referred to as the upper side, and the lower side in FIG. 1 in the Z-axis direction is simply referred to as the lower side. Note that the right side is the positive direction of the Y axis, the front side is the positive direction of the X axis, and the upper side is the positive direction of the Z axis. Further, the Z-axis direction is also simply referred to as the up-down direction, and the direction along a plane parallel to the X-axis and the Y-axis is also simply referred to as the horizontal direction or lateral direction. Note that the downward direction is the direction in which gravity is applied. The same applies to the following figures.

The opening/closing device 11 is configured to extend or bend. When extended, the opening/closing device 11 pushes the hatch cover panel 211 to the left to close the hatch. When the opening/closing device 11 is bent, it pulls the hatch cover panel 211 to the right to open the hatch. The left end of the opening/closing device 11 is pivotally supported on the front side of the hatch cover panel 211.

The opening/closing device 11 includes a link mechanism 31. The link mechanism 31 is extended or bent by an extension/bending drive unit 221 (described later with reference to FIG. 3). The link mechanism 31 is extended or bent along a plane parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis.

The link mechanism 31 includes a link 32, a link 33, a link 34, and a length adjustment device 35. The links 32 and 34 are each made of a square bar, a round bar, a square pipe, a round pipe, or an H steel material, such as steel or stainless steel, and are formed into a rod shape having predetermined rigidity and strength. The length of the link 32 and the length of the link 34 are constant and fixed.

The link 33 is expandable and retractable. The link 33 is formed into a rod shape having a predetermined rigidity and strength by combining a square bar material, a round bar material, a square pipe material, a round pipe material, an H steel material, etc., such as steel or stainless steel. For example, the link 33 includes an outer cylinder 121 and a rod-shaped member 122. The outer cylinder 121 stores a rod-shaped member 122 therein in a movable manner. The outer cylinder 121 is made of a square pipe material or a round pipe material such as steel or stainless steel, and is formed into a cylindrical shape having a predetermined rigidity and strength. The rod-shaped member 122 is formed into a rod-like cross section (a cross section parallel to the X-axis and the Z-axis) that can be stored inside the outer cylinder 121. The rod-shaped material 122 is formed into a rod shape having a predetermined rigidity and strength, and is made of a square bar, a round bar, a square pipe, a round pipe, or an H steel material such as steel or stainless steel. The slide support member 141 is provided on the inner surface of the outer cylinder 121 and supports the rod-shaped member 122 in a movable manner. For example, the slide support member 141 is formed into a plate shape. The slide support member 141 is made of MC nylon or engineering plastic such as fluororesin.

In order to extend and contract the link 33, an extension/contraction drive section 63 is provided. The expansion/contraction drive section 63 expands or shortens the link 33. For example, the telescopic drive unit 63 is a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the telescopic drive unit 63 is rotatably supported above the left end of the rod-shaped member 122 by a hinge pin 91 . The other end of the telescopic drive unit 63 is rotatably supported above the right end of the outer cylinder 121 by a hinge pin 92 .

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating expansion and contraction of the link 33. FIG. 2(A) is a front view illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the opening/closing device 11 when the link 33 is at its shortest length. FIG. 2(B) is a front view illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the opening/closing device 11 when the link 33 is at its longest length.

As shown in FIG. 2A, when the telescopic drive unit 63 contracts, it displaces the rod-shaped member 122 with respect to the outer cylinder 121 so that the rod-shaped member 122 is stored inside the outer cylinder 121, so that the link 33 The length of is made shorter.

As shown in FIG. 2(B), when the telescopic drive unit 63 extends, it displaces the rod-shaped member 122 with respect to the outer cylinder 121 so as to pull out the rod-shaped member 122 from the inside of the outer cylinder 121. The length is made longer.

The links 32, 33, and 34 may each have a constant thickness, or may be formed into a tapered shape. The length of the link 32 is shorter than the length of the link 34, and also shorter than the length of the link 33 in its shortest state. For example, the length of the link 32 is set to be between 60 cm and 1 m.

A length adjustment device 35 is provided at the left end of the link 34. The length adjustment device 35 is pivotally supported by the hatch cover panel 211. A bearing 36 for pivotally supporting the hatch cover panel 211 is provided at the left end of the length adjustment device 35 . The length adjustment device 35 is provided with a bolt that is screwed into a screw hole, and the length from the end of the link 34 to the bearing 36 can be changed by tightening or loosening the bolt. The length adjustment device 35 can adjust the length of the opening/closing device 11.

The other end of the link 34 and one end of the link 33 are rotatably supported by a hinge pin 39. The other end of the link 33 and one end of the link 32 are rotatably supported by a hinge pin 38. The other end of the link 32 is rotatably supported by a hinge pin 37 at the upper end of a mounting base 223 (described later with reference to FIG. 3). The other end of the link 32 can be said to be pivotally supported on the deck of the hull of the ship.

A link 71 and a link 72 are provided below a portion where the link 32 and the link 33 contact when the link mechanism 31 is extended. Link 71 and link 72 are links that connect link 32 and link 33. Link 71 and link 72 and link 32 and link 33 form a so-called four-bar link.

One end of the link 72 is coaxially supported under the right end of the link 33 by a hinge pin 74 when the link mechanism 31 is extended. One end of the link 71 is coaxially supported under the left end of the link 32 by a hinge pin 73 when the link mechanism 31 is extended.

The other end of the link 71 and the other end of the link 72 are coaxially supported by a hinge pin 75. The hinge pin 75 coaxially supports the other end of the link 71, the other end of the link 72, and the end of an extension/bending drive section 221, which will be described later.

The other end of the extension/bending drive unit 221 is coaxially supported under the other end of the link 33 via the link 72 when the link mechanism 31 is extended. Since the link mechanism 31 is coaxially supported on the lower side of the link 32 via the link mechanism 31 in the extended state, changes in the angular position of the link 32 with respect to the link 33 due to external force can be suppressed. .

An opening angle regulating portion 62 is provided above the portion where the link 32 and the link 33 contact when the link mechanism 31 is extended. The opening angle regulating section 62 regulates the angular position of the link 32 and the link 33. The opening angle regulating section 62 includes a hinge pin 81, a slider 82, and a pin 83. The main body of the opening angle regulating portion 62 is fixed above the end of the link 33 on the link 32 side. The hinge pin 81 rotatably supports the main body of the opening angle regulating section 62 fixed above the end on the link 32 side and the slider 82 . The slider 82 has a linear hole with a predetermined length into which a pin 83 is movably inserted. The pin 83 can move through a hole formed in the slider 82. The pin 83 is fixed above the end of the link 32 on the link 33 side. When the pin 83 comes into contact with the end of the hole in the slider 82, its movement is restricted. Thereby, the angular position of the link 32 and the link 33 can be regulated.

In this way, the opening angle regulating portion 62 is configured such that the pin 83 provided at one end of the link 32 comes into contact with the slider 82 provided at the other end of the link 33, so that the opening angle regulating portion 62 The angular position of the link 32 relative to the angular position of the link 32 is regulated.

Further, among the end portions of the link 33, a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the link 33 is formed as an end surface 52 at the end portion on the link 32 side. Further, among the end portions of the link 32 , at the end portion on the link 33 side, a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the link 32 is formed as an end surface 51 .

When the link mechanism 31 is in an extended state, the end surface 52 and the end surface 51 that are perpendicular to the extending direction of the link mechanism 31 come into contact with each other, so that the ship tilts toward the center of the roll axis and compresses the link mechanism 31. When a force is applied in the direction of the link 33, the end face 52 of the link 33 and the end face 51 of the link 32 receive the force, so that a larger force can be withstood.

Note that in the state where the link mechanism 31 is extended, it is sufficient that the end surfaces 52 and 51 are in contact with each other, so the end surfaces 83 and 52 may be planes that intersect with the length direction of the link 33. 51 may be a plane intersecting the length direction of the link 32.

When the links 33 and 32 are fully extended linearly, the joint between the links 33 and 32 bends in only one direction. That is, when the end surface 52 and the end surface 51 that are perpendicular to the extending direction of the link mechanism 31 are in contact with each other, the hinge pin 38 connects the link 33 and the link 32 at a position that is shifted downward from the end surface 52 and the end surface 51. Since it is rotatably supported, the link 33 can only be bent counterclockwise with respect to the link 32 in FIG. 1(A), and cannot be bent clockwise. In other words, when the link 33 and the link 32 are fully extended in a straight line, the counterclockwise bending of the link 33 with respect to the link 32 in FIG. Bending to is regulated.

In this way, the end surface 52 of the other end of the link 33 and the end surface 51 of one end of the link 32 come into contact when the angular position of the link 32 with respect to the link 33 is a predetermined angle. Further, the hinge pin 38 pivotally supports the link 33 and the link 32 below the end surface 52 and the end surface 51 when the link mechanism 31 is extended.

Similarly, the link 33 can be connected to the link 32 in a straight line, or can be bent so as to rotate counterclockwise from the straight connected state. The link 33 cannot be bent clockwise from the state where it is connected in a straight line to the link 32.

Further, when the link 33 and the link 32 try to bend at an angle greater than a predetermined angle, the pin 83 of the opening angle regulating part 62 comes into contact with the right end of the hole of the slider 82, and the link 33 and the link 32 are bent. Bending is regulated. Thereby, the angular position of the link 32 and the link 33 is regulated.

Opening angle regulating portions 40 are provided at the end of the link 33 on the link 34 side and at the end of the link 34 on the link 33 side. The opening angle regulating section 40 includes a regulating member 101 and a pin 43. The regulating member 101 is provided at the end of the link 33 on the link 34 side. The regulating member 101 is formed into a plate shape. An abutment guide hole 102 is formed in the opening angle regulating portion 40 . A pin 43 is provided near the end of the link 34 on the link 33 side. When the link mechanism 31 is extended, the pin 43 contacts the side surface of the guide hole 102 of the regulating member 101, and the opening angle regulating section 40 allows the link 34 to rotate clockwise with respect to the link 33. The angular positions of the links 33 and 34 are regulated to prevent this from happening.

The opening angle regulating portion 40 is configured such that the pin 43 provided on the other end side of the link 34 comes into contact with the regulating member 101 provided on the one end side of the link 33, so that the link 33 relative to the link 34 is regulates the angular position of

When the link 34 and the link 33 are fully extended in a straight line, the joint between the link 34 and the link 33 bends in only one direction. That is, the pin 43 contacts the side surface of the guide hole 102 of the opening angle regulating section 40 and regulates the angular position of the link 33 and the link 34 so that the link 34 does not rotate clockwise with respect to the link 33. Therefore, when the link mechanism 31 is extended, the link 34 in FIG. 1(A) can only be bent counterclockwise with respect to the link 33, and cannot be bent clockwise. . In other words, when the link 34 and the link 33 are fully extended in a straight line, the counterclockwise bending of the link 34 with respect to the link 33 in FIG. Bending to is regulated.

In other words, the link 34 can be connected to the link 33 in a straight line, or can be bent so as to rotate counterclockwise from the straight connected state. The link 34 cannot be bent clockwise from the state where it is connected in a straight line to the link 33.

In this way, when the link 34 and the link 33 are fully extended in a straight line, or when the link 33 and the link 32 are fully extended in a straight line, the direction of bending of the link 34, the link 33, and the link 32 is restricted. Therefore, the link mechanism 31 can be more reliably extended or bent in the desired direction by the hinge pins 39 and 38. When closing the hatch, the hatch cover panel 211 can be moved within the horizontal movement range. The hatch cover panel 211 can be moved to the left side, and when the hatch is opened, the hatch cover panel 211 can be moved to the right side of the horizontal movement range.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the opening/closing device 11 in a state where the link mechanism 31 is extended to be the longest. In addition, in the state shown in FIG. 3 in which the link mechanism 31 is extended to be the longest, the link 33 is in the shortest state.

The opening/closing device 11 opens and closes the hatch by horizontally moving a hatch cover panel 211 that covers the hatch of the ship or moves horizontally from above the hatch to open the hatch.

In the example described below, when the opening/closing device 11 moves the hatch cover panel 211 to the right side, the hatch opens. Further, in the example described below, when the opening/closing device 11 moves the hatch cover panel 211 to the left side, the hatch opens. In this way, hatch cover panel 211 is moved horizontally to open and close. In this case, it can be said that the hatch cover panel 211 is moved in the horizontal direction to open and close the hatch.

The opening/closing device 11 is arranged on the front side of the hatch cover panel 211. The opening/closing device 11 is disposed on the front side of a rail 214 provided horizontally along the front side surface of the hatch cover panel 211 so that the longitudinal direction is along a plane parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis. Note that the opening/closing device 11 is provided on each of the front and rear opposing side surfaces of the hatch cover panel 211.

A wheel 212 rotatably supported by the hatch cover panel 211 is provided on the right front side of the hatch cover panel 211. A wheel 213 rotatably supported by the hatch cover panel 211 is provided on the left front side of the hatch cover panel 211. The diameter of the wheel 213 is the same as the diameter of the wheel 212. In front of the hatch cover panel 211, a rail 214 is provided horizontally along the front side surface of the hatch cover panel 211. Wheels 212 and 213 are provided to roll on the upper surface of rails 214. That is, when the hatch cover panel 211 is moved horizontally, the wheels 212 and 213 roll on the upper surface of the rail 214, supporting the hatch cover panel 211.

A groove 215 lower than the top surface of the rail 214 is provided on the right side of the center of the rail 214 . A groove 216 lower than the top surface of the rail 214 is provided on the left side of the rail 214. The depth of the groove 215 and the depth of the groove 216 are supposed to be the same. For example, the depth of the groove 215 and the depth of the groove 216 are 120 cm to 170 cm. When the hatch cover panel 211 is moved to the left and the hatch is closed, the wheels 212 drop into the grooves 215 and the wheels 213 drop into the grooves 216 and the hatch cover panel 211 is in the closed hatch position. It is fastened.

For example, the length of the link 32 is set to be between two and four times the depths of the grooves 215 and 216. It is preferable that the length of the link 32 be as short as possible.

The rear side of the hatch cover panel 211 and the rail on the rear side of the hatch cover panel 211 are similarly configured.

When the hatch cover panel 211 is moved to the left and the hatch is closed, the wheels 212 are depressed into the grooves 215 and the wheels 213 are depressed into the grooves 216, so that even if the vessel is centered on the roll axis, The hatch cover panel 211 is difficult to move due to its own weight, making it difficult to open the hatch.

The lower right end of the opening/closing device 11 is pivotally supported by a hinge pin 37 to the upper end of a mounting base 223 provided on the deck of a ship's hull. When the opening/closing device 11 is bent, the mounting base 223 comes into contact with the opening/closing device 11 to regulate the angular position. The mounting base 223 has a support surface 231 and a support surface 232 formed therein. When the opening/closing device 11 is bent, the support surface 231 comes into contact with the opening angle regulating portion 62 provided on the link 33 and supports the link 33. The support surface 232 comes into contact with the link 32 and supports the link 32 when the opening/closing device 11 is bent. In this way, when the opening/closing device 11 is bent, the mounting base 223 supports the links 32 and 33 by contacting them, and regulates the angular position of the links 32 and 33.

The extension/bending drive unit 221 drives the link mechanism 31 by stretching or contracting, thereby causing the link mechanism 31 to extend or bend. For example, the extension/bending drive section 221 is configured by a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the extension/bending drive section 221 is pivotally supported by a hinge pin 222 provided on the deck of the hull of the ship. The other end of the extension/bending drive section 221 is pivotally supported by a hinge pin 75 . The extension/bending drive section 221 extends or bends the link mechanism 31 by extending/contracting the extension/bending drive section 221 and driving the link mechanism 31 .

When the hatch cover panel 211 closes the hatch, the link 33 is in its shortest state. That is, in this case, the telescopic drive unit 63 is in the shortest state and displaces the rod-shaped member 122 with respect to the outer cylinder 121 so that the rod-shaped member 122 is stored inside the outer cylinder 121.

When the hatch cover panel 211 closes the hatch, the extension/bending drive section 221 is in its shortest state. When the extension/bending drive section 221 is in its shortest state, the distance from the bearing 36 of the length adjustment device 35 to the hinge pin 37 at the other end of the link 32 in the link mechanism 31 is the longest. That is, when the extension/bending drive section 221 is in the shortest state, the link mechanism 31 is extended to be the longest. When the link mechanism 31 is extended to be the longest, the links 32, 33, and 34 are generally straight.

When the extension/bending drive section 221 is in its shortest state and the link mechanism 31 is extended to its longest length, the hatch cover panel 211 is moved to the left end of the horizontal movement range. , the hatch is closed.

Next, the opening/closing device 11 will be described when the hatch cover panel 211 moves to the right and the hatch is opened. FIG. 4 is a front view of the opening/closing device 11 when the hatch is opened by moving the hatch cover panel 211 to the right end of the horizontal movement range. The link 33 is extended from the state in which the extension/bending drive section 221 is fully extended.

In this case, the telescopic drive unit 63 is extended. When the telescopic drive unit 63 is extended, the rod-shaped member 122 is displaced relative to the outer cylinder 121 so as to pull out the rod-shaped member 122 from the inside of the outer cylinder 121, so that the length of the link 33 is made longer.

That is, the telescopic drive unit 63 is extended and the link 33 is extended until the hatch cover panel 211 moves to the right and the hatch is fully opened.

The length by which the link 33 is extended is determined according to the position of the hatch cover panel 211 where the hatch is fully opened. That is, if the hatch can be fully opened even if the moving distance of the hatch cover panel 211 is short, the length by which the link 33 is extended is made shorter. If it is necessary to move the hatch cover panel 211 longer to fully open the hatch, the length by which the link 33 is extended is made longer.

The extension/contraction drive unit 63 can extend the link 33 to a desired length between the shortest length of the link 33 and the longest length of the link 33.

That is, the hatch cover panel 211 having dimensions within a predetermined range can be opened and closed without changing the dimensions of the opening/closing device 11 itself.

In this way, when the extension/bending drive section 221 is in the shortest state and the link 33 is in the shortest state, the link mechanism 31 is extended and the hatch cover panel 211 is moved within the horizontal movement range. Move it to the left edge of As the extension/bending drive section 221 extends, the link mechanism 31 gradually bends, moving the hatch cover panel 211 to the right side, and when the extension/bending drive section 221 becomes the longest, the link mechanism 31 is fully bent. The hatch cover panel 211 is moved to a predetermined position within the horizontal movement range. Further, the telescopic drive unit 63 is extended and the link 33 is extended, thereby moving the hatch cover panel 211 to the right end of the horizontal movement range.

When starting to close the hatch, the telescopic drive unit 63 retracts and the link 33 retracts, thereby pulling the hatch cover panel 211 to the left and moving it to the left. When the link 33 is in its shortest state, the link 32 comes into contact with the support surface 232 of the mounting base 223, and the angular position of the link 32 with respect to the mounting base 223 is regulated. Since the end face 51 of the link mechanism 31 is in contact with the end face 51 of the link mechanism 31, the link mechanism 31 starts to extend so that the link 33 rotates counterclockwise with respect to the link 32. That is, when the hatch starts to close due to the structure in which the support surface 232 of the mounting base 223 and the end surface 52 of the link 33 and the end surface 51 of the link 32 come into contact when the link 32 and the link 33 are connected in a straight line. The manner in which the link mechanism 31 extends is regulated.

The opening/closing device 11 provided on the rear side of the hatch cover panel 211 operates in a plane parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis, and the opening/closing device 11 provided on the front side of the hatch cover panel 211 and the hatch cover panel operate in a plane parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis. Since the operation of the opening/closing device 11 provided on the front side of the hatch cover panel 211 is symmetrical with respect to the surface between the hatch cover panel 211 and the opening/closing device 11 provided on the rear side, a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, when the extension/bending drive part 221 starts to extend from the state in which the link mechanism 31 is extended to the longest state with the extension/bending drive part 221 at its shortest state, the opening/closing device 11 moves from the hatch cover panel 211 is pulled to the right side with a larger force, so that the wheels 212 reach the upper surface of the rail 214, and the wheels 213 reach the upper surface of the rail 214, and the hatch cover panel 211 is in a driveable position where it can be moved with a smaller force. This eliminates the need for a hydraulic cam mechanism to push up the hatch cover panel when opening.

When the hatch cover panel 211 starts to be moved from the closed state of the hatch, the length of the link 32 is shorter than the link 33 and shorter than the link 34, and the length of the link 32 is shorter than the length of the link 34, and the force that is almost the same as the force by which the extension-bending drive part 221 is extended is applied. Since the force is transmitted to the hatch cover panel 211 as a rightward force, the hatch cover panel can be opened and closed with less force.

Also, compared to a chain, a hydraulic motor that drives the chain, and a hydraulic cam mechanism that pushes up the hatch cover panel, it has a simpler structure, eliminates the need for maintenance work such as greasing the chain, and reduces maintenance work. can do.

Since the link 33 is expandable and retractable, the hatch cover panel 211 having dimensions within a predetermined range can be opened and closed without changing the dimensions of the opening/closing device 11 itself.

Furthermore, since the link 33 is expandable and retractable, the links 32, 33, and 34 can be shortened, thereby requiring the force necessary to pull up the hatch cover panel 211 that has been dropped into the grooves 215 and 216. (force generated by the extension/bending drive section 221) can be made smaller.

The number of hatches that can be used with the opening/closing device 11 (linkage mechanism 31) having the same specifications increases when changing the width of the hatch. An opening/closing device 11 designed to fit a large hatch can be used in a smaller hatch. That is, the opening/closing device 11 of one size can be shared by hatches of different sizes. Therefore, by preparing a plurality of opening/closing devices 11 of different sizes, such as large, medium, and small, it is possible to open and close many hatches of different sizes, from extremely large hatches to extremely small hatches. become.

Since the length of the link mechanism 31 as a whole can be made shorter, it can be manufactured more easily and at lower cost.

In this way, the hatch cover panel 211 can be moved with a smaller force, resulting in a simpler structure and less maintenance work. The hatch cover panel 211 can now be opened and closed.

Although it has been explained that the extension/bending drive unit 221 or the extension/contraction drive unit 63 is a hydraulic cylinder, it is sufficient that the link mechanism 31 or the link 33 is driven to extend and contract to extend or shorten, or to extend or bend. An electric actuator or an air cylinder consisting of an electric motor and a ball screw may also be used.

Further, the hinge pins 37 to 39, the hinge pin 73, the hinge pin 74, the hinge pin 75, the hinge pin 81, the hinge pin 91, the hinge pin 92, and the hinge pin 222 only need to be rotatably supported, and can be supported by a bearing or the like.

Note that when the hatch cover panel 211 that covers the hatch of the ship is moved horizontally to the front or rear to open and close the hatch, the opening/closing device 11 can be provided on the front or rear side of the hatch cover panel 211. . In this case, the bearing 36 of the opening/closing device 11 is pivotally supported on the front or rear side surface of the hatch cover panel 211.

The opening/closing device 11 is provided on the side surface of a hatch cover panel 211 that covers a hatch of a ship, and opens and closes the hatch by moving the hatch cover panel 211 in the horizontal direction. The opening/closing device 11 includes a link mechanism 31. The link mechanism 31 includes a link 34, a link 33, and a link 32. One end of the link 34 is pivotally supported by the hatch cover panel 211, and the other end of the link 34 and one end of the link 33 are connected to a hinge pin. 39, the other end of the link 33 and one end of the link 32 are pivotally supported by a hinge pin 38, and the other end of the link 32 is pivotally supported on the deck side of the hull of the ship, Extended or flexed. The link 33 is expandable and retractable, and the length of the link 32 is shorter than the length of the link 34, and the length of the link 32 is shorter than the length of the link 33 in the shortest state.

A telescoping drive unit 63 that extends or shortens the link 33 may be further provided.

The telescopic drive unit 63 can be a hydraulic cylinder.

An extension/bending drive section 221 that extends or bends the link mechanism 31 by being driven by extension/contraction is further provided, and one end of the link mechanism 31 is the end on the link mechanism 31 side among the ends of the extension/bend drive section 221. a link 72 which is pivotally supported by the link 33 and whose other end is pivotally supported by the other end of the link 33; The link 71 may further include a link 71 that is coaxially supported at one end and whose other end is supported pivotally on one end side of the link 32 .

The extension-flexion drive 221 can be a hydraulic cylinder.

The pin 43 provided on the other end of the link 34 contacts the regulating member 101 provided on the one end of the link 33, thereby creating an opening that regulates the angular position of the link 33 with respect to the link 34. The angle of the link 32 with respect to the link 33 is controlled by the angle regulating portion 40 and the pin 83 provided at one end of the link 32 coming into contact with the slider 82 provided at the other end of the link 33. An opening angle regulating section 62 for regulating the position may further be provided.

The first end surface of the other end of the link 33 and the second end surface of one end of the link 32 are in contact when the angular position of the link 32 with respect to the link 33 is a predetermined angle, and the hinge pin 38 is When the link mechanism 31 is extended, the link 33 and the link 32 can be pivotally supported below the first end surface and the second end surface.

Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

11 opening/closing device, 31 link mechanism, 32 link, 33 link, 34 link, 35 length adjustment device, 36 bearing, 37 hinge pin, 38 hinge pin, 39 hinge pin, 40 opening angle regulating section, 43 pin, 51 end face, 52 end face, 61 drive connection link mechanism, 62 opening angle regulating section, 63 telescopic drive section, 71 link, 72 link, 73 hinge pin, 74 hinge pin, 75 hinge pin, 81 hinge pin, 82 slider, 83 pin, 91 hinge pin, 92 hinge pin, 101 regulating member , 102 contact guide hole, 121 outer cylinder, 122 rod-shaped material, 141 slide support member, 211 hatch cover panel, 212 wheel, 213 wheel, 214 rail, 215 groove, 216 groove, 217 hatch coaming, 221 extension/bending drive section, 222 hinge pin, 223 mounting base, 231 support surface, 232 support surface

Claims (7)

An opening/closing device that is provided on opposite sides of a hatch cover panel covering a hatch of a ship and opens and closes the hatch by moving the hatch cover panel in a horizontal direction,
a first link, a second link and a third link, one end of the first link is pivotally supported by a hatch cover panel, the other end of the first link and the second one end of the link is pivotally supported by a first pin; the other end of the second link and one end of the third link are pivotally supported by a second pin; The other end of the link No. 3 is pivotally supported on the deck side of the hull of the ship, and includes a link mechanism that can be extended or bent,
The second link is expandable and contractible,
The length of the third link is shorter than the length of the first link,
The length of the third link is shorter than the length of the second link in the shortest state. The opening/closing device. The switchgear according to claim 1,
The opening/closing device further includes a telescoping drive section that extends or shortens the second link. The switchgear according to claim 2,
The telescopic drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder. Opening/closing device. The switchgear according to claim 1,
further comprising an extension/bending drive unit that is driven by extension/contraction to extend or bend the link mechanism;
The link mechanism is
One end is pivotally supported on the link mechanism side of the ends of the extension/bending drive section, and the other end is pivotally supported on the other end of the second link. and the fourth link that
One end is coaxially supported by one end of the fourth link and an end of the extension/bending drive part, and the other end is supported by one end of the third link. A switchgear further comprising: a fifth pivotally supported link. The switchgear according to claim 4,
The extension/bending drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder. Opening/closing device. The switchgear according to claim 1,
The third pin provided on the other end side of the first link contacts the first regulating member provided on the one end side of the second link. a first angular position regulating section that regulates the angular position of the second link with respect to the first link;
The fourth pin provided at one end of the third link abuts the second regulating member provided at the other end of the second link. An opening/closing device further comprising: a second angular position regulating section that regulates the angular position of the third link with respect to the second link. The switchgear according to claim 1,
A first end surface of the other end of the second link and a second end surface of one end of the third link are such that the angular position of the third link with respect to the second link is predetermined. If the angle of
The second pin pivotally supports the second link and the third link below the first end surface and the second end surface when the link mechanism is extended. Opening/closing device .

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