JP3239517U - fire control box - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to easily reproduce various properties of smoke and flames generated during a fire, and to allow people undergoing fire training to experience and learn the properties of smoke and flames experimentally. The combustion chamber comprises an outer shell body 12 as a combustion vessel and an inner body 14 which is placed in the outer shell body 12 for combustion. The inner body 14 is formed of a rectangular tubular body and has a size that can be inserted into the main body 16, and the openings 16a and 16b of the main body 16 define the thickness of the smoke staying in the upper part of the main body 16. A hanging door 22 and a hinged door 24 for controlling the amount of air flowing into the outer shell body 12 are attached so as to be able to be opened and closed, and a window portion through which the inside of the main body portion 16 can be seen on the front portion 16c of the main body portion 16. 18 are formed. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention is a fire control box (hereinafter referred to as "FCB") that can create a small fire in a laboratory and allow people undergoing fire training to experience and learn various properties of smoke and flames during a fire. ”).

In recent years, while the number of fires as a whole has been on the decline, there is a problem that firefighters have insufficient on-site experience and actual experience. In order to compensate for this, education and training are being conducted using FCB, a fire property grasping device, but currently FCBs are generally self-made products made of wood or tin plywood, which requires time and effort to create, durability and There is room for improvement in terms of safety. In addition, since the FCB is placed on a stand or the like and used, there is a risk of it falling due to the external environment such as wind.

JP 2019-058257 A JP 2019-058249 A

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the conventional FCB has room for further improvement in terms of the labor involved in its creation, ease of use, durability and safety.

The FCB according to the present invention has a two-layer structure of the main body of the outer shell, which is the combustion vessel, and the inner body, which is the combustible material, in order to improve the FCB from the aspects of creation labor, usability, durability and safety. The most important feature is that the inner body can be inserted and installed in the main body so that fire experiments can be easily conducted.

That is, the FCB according to the present invention consists of a box-shaped outer shell and an inner body to be burned in the outer shell, the outer shell is made of a nonflammable material, and the inner body is a combustible material. consists of The outer shell body has a substantially rectangular cylindrical main body portion having openings at both ends, and the inner body has a size and shape inside the main body portion along the main body portion.

A window portion is formed in the front portion, which is one side surface of the body portion, so that the inside of the body portion can be overlooked, and a heat-resistant glass is attached to the position of the window portion on the front portion. A hanging door and a hinged door are attached to at least one of the openings of the body. The hanging door is attached to the upper edge of the opening with a hinge so that it can be flipped up, and the hinged door is attached to the vertical edge of the opening with a hinge so that it can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction.

The inner body has a substantially square tubular shape. A window portion of the inner body is formed at a position corresponding to the window portion of the outer shell while the inner body is housed in the outer shell. A hanging door and a hinged door are vertically attached to the other opening of the main body, and the hanging door attached to one opening and the hanging door attached to the other opening have different heights. there is

A smoke outlet is formed in the upper surface of the main body, and the main body has a smoke outlet for opening and closing the smoke outlet. A smoke exhaust port of the interior body is formed at a position corresponding to the smoke exhaust port of the interior body in a state where the interior body is housed in the outer shell body. The corners of the outer shell are reinforced with ribs. A pair of handles are attached to the left and right sides of the outer shell. The hanging door and the hinged door are connected and fixed with snap fittings.

An iron plate, steel plate, or stainless steel plate can be selected as the nonflammable material, but other materials may be used as long as they have heat resistance and mechanical strength. The heat-resistant glass is fixed to the main body with screws. Wood or plywood can be selected as the combustible material, although other materials may be used.

In the above description, the hanging door and the hinged door are attached to both the one opening and the other opening of the main body, respectively. Instead of the door and the hinged door, a slide door may be attached so as to be vertically slidable.

Since the FCB according to the present invention has a double structure so that the inner body can be inserted and installed in the outer shell body, the fire test can be performed simply by inserting and installing the inner body in the outer shell body. , thus facilitating the preparation of fire experiments.

After the fire test, the FCB according to the present invention can be extracted in its original shape without destroying the unburned residue of the interior body. has the advantage of being able to

Since the FCB according to the present invention can open and close the hinged door and control the amount of air flowing into the outer shell, in fire experiments, it is possible to (draft) can be reproduced arbitrarily, so there is an advantage that it is possible to arbitrarily experience and learn in what situations specific fire properties occur.

The FCB according to the present invention can reproduce all the fire properties that occur at the fire site, so the people who receive fire training can experience and learn all the fire properties that occur at the fire site. There is

With the FCB according to the present invention, you can see with your own eyes how smoke and flames flow through the window of the outer shell, so you can experience fire training. This has the advantage that the recipients can use the behavior of the smoke and the behavior of the flame to help extinguish the fire or evacuate.

Since the FCB according to the present invention generates smoke of various colors during the fire experiment, it is useful for those who are trained in fire to understand what the color of the smoke generated at the fire scene means. It has the advantage of being able to teach concretely by showing actual smoke.

Since the FCB according to the present invention can control the amount of air flowing into the outer shell by opening and closing the hinged door, it prevents the entrance of air and the back draft caused by the entrance of the fire brigade into the fire site. It has the advantage of being reproducible.

The FCB according to the present invention changes the area of the opening by changing the degree of opening and closing of the hinged door to change the condition of the incoming air so that people undergoing fire training can change the condition of the incoming air. There is an advantage in that it is possible to observe differences in fire properties due to changes.

In the FCB according to the present invention, when a window is formed at a position corresponding to the window of the outer shell in the inner body, during a fire test, people undergoing fire training can use the inner body It has the advantage of being able to clearly observe the state of flames and smoke inside the .

The FCB according to the present invention changes the thickness of the smoke that stays under the ceiling when the hanging door attached to one opening and the hanging door attached to the other opening are different in height. This has the advantage that fire experiments can be carried out under different smoke thickness conditions.

In the FCB according to the present invention, when a slide door is attached to the other opening of the main body so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, the gap at the bottom of the slide door is slightly opened to reduce the amount of air to flow in from here. Advantageously, the controls allow fire trained personnel to observe differences in fire behavior due to changes in incoming air conditions.

When the FCB according to the present invention is provided with a smoke exhaust port in the outer shell and the inner body, how the flame and smoke flow when the ceiling and the roof are pierced by a fire. have the advantage that they can be realistically observed by those trained in fire.

In the FCB according to the present invention, when the outer shell is made of iron plate, steel plate or stainless steel plate, the outer shell is durable against fire, so that the outer shell can be repeatedly used in fire experiments. It has the advantage of being able to

The FCB according to the present invention has the advantage that when the heat-resistant glass is screwed to the main body, it is easy to remove the heat-resistant glass, clean it, and re-attach the heat-resistant glass to the outer shell. be.

In the FCB according to the present invention, when the inner body is made into a substantially square cylinder or made of wood board or plywood, it becomes easy to make the inner body, and it is easy to prepare for the fire experiment. has the advantage of becoming

The FCB according to the present invention has the advantage that the strength of the outer shell can be increased and the strength of the FCB according to the present invention can be increased when the corners of the outer shell are reinforced with ribs.

The FCB according to the present invention has the advantage of being able to be safely and easily carried even if the FCB is heavy, when a carrying handle is attached to the outer shell.

The FCB according to the present invention has an advantage that when the hanging door and the hinged door are connected and fixed by a snap metal fitting, the hanging door and the hinged door do not open arbitrarily during the fire test or transportation.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an FCB according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of the FCB according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a right side view of one embodiment of the FCB according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a left side view of one embodiment of the FCB according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view of one embodiment of the FCB according to the present invention.

It is a device with a simple structure that aims to experimentally reproduce the various properties of smoke and flames that occur during a fire, and to let people who are trained in fire experience and learn about these properties. , without sacrificing safety.

First, the points taken into consideration when creating the FCB according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(1) Stainless steel plate (SUS304) was adopted for the material of the box in order to realize FCB with high durability.
(2) A wooden (plywood) box was adopted inside the stainless steel box to create a slide-type double structure in order to reproduce the generation of flammable steam and combustion close to that of a real fire. (See Figure 1)
(3) The box size was considered as if it were a room in an apartment. In order to reproduce the entrance of air by opening the opening when the fire brigade enters the fire, the sizes of the openings on the left and right sides of the box are set to two levels of different sizes, making it possible to control various airflows. (See Figures 3 and 4)
(4) A heat-resistant glass of 700 degrees is used on the entire surface so that the combustion state can be checked. In addition, in order to facilitate cleaning of the glass surface, it has a structure that can be easily removed by screwing. (See Figure 2)
(5) In order to make the training equipment suitable for the needs of firefighting, repeated tests were conducted in the presence of fire department staff at the prototype stage, and development was carried out while confirming the performance effects.

Next, the configuration of the FCB according to the embodiment of the present invention will be explained. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of FCB according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of FCB according to this invention, FIG. 3 is a right side view of one embodiment of FCB according to this invention, FIG. 4 is a left side view of one embodiment of the FCB according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of one embodiment of the FCB according to the present invention. , and an inner body 14 to be inserted and installed in the outer shell body 12 .

The outer shell 12 is made of an iron plate, steel plate, or stainless steel plate. The outer shell 12 is composed of a substantially rectangular tubular body 16 and door portions (a hanging door 22 and an opening door 24, which will be described later) that close left and right openings 16a and 16b of the body 16. As shown in FIG. The outer shell 12 has a box-like shape as a whole. A front portion 16c, which is one side surface of the body portion 16, has a window portion 18 through which the inside of the body portion 16 can be seen. A heat-resistant glass 20 is attached at the position of the window portion 18 on the front portion 16c. The heat-resistant glass 20 is screwed to the front portion 16c.

A hanging door 22 and a hinged door 24 are attached to the left and right openings 16a and 16b of the main body 16, respectively. The hanging door 22 is attached to the upper edges of the openings 16a and 16b with hinge metal fittings 26 so as to be flipped up. The hinged door 24 is attached to the longitudinal edges of the openings 16a and 16b with hinge fittings 28 so that it can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction. The height of the hanging door 22 differs between the left and right openings 16a and 16b. The height of the hinged door 24 is also different between the left and right openings 16a and 16b. A smoke exhaust port 32 is formed in an upper surface portion 16 d of the body portion 16 , and the smoke exhaust port 32 can be opened and closed by a smoke exhaust door 34 . The corners of the outer shell 12 are reinforced with ribs 38 . A handle 40 for transportation is attached to the upper surface portion 16 d of the main body portion 16 . The hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 are connected and fixed by a snap fitting 42.例文帳に追加

The inner body 14 has a substantially square tubular shape and has a size and shape that conforms to the body portion 16 inside the body portion 16 . A window portion 30 is formed in the inner body 14 at a position corresponding to the window portion 18 of the main body portion 16 when the inner body 14 is accommodated in the outer shell body 12 . The inner body 14 is made of combustible material. Wood board or plywood can be used as the combustible material, but other materials may be used as long as they have a certain degree of mechanical strength. A smoke outlet 36 is formed in the inner body 14 at a position corresponding to the smoke outlet 32 of the main body 16 in a state where the inner body 14 is housed and installed in the outer shell 12 .

In the above embodiment, the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 are attached to both the left and right openings 16a and 16b of the main body 16, but the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 are provided only to one opening 16a. A sliding door may be attached to the other opening 16b so as to be vertically slidable.

Next, the method of using the FCB according to the embodiment of the present invention will be explained along the procedure of the fire experiment. First, as preparation for the fire experiment, the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 of one opening 16a of the main body 16 of the FCB according to the embodiment of the present invention are fully opened, and the inner body 14 is inserted into the main body 16. Install.

Next, kindling (a piece of wood that can be burned) is put into the interior body 14 and piled up, and this kindling is ignited. When the kindling is ignited, smoke and flame rise from the kindling, and the raised smoke collides with the upper surface portion, which is the ceiling portion of the interior body 14, and spreads around from the collision point. People trained in fire can learn the properties of smoke during a fire by first observing the properties of rising smoke.

The smoke that spreads around under the ceiling part of the interior body 14 is blocked by the hanging door 22 and stays under the ceiling part, increasing the thickness of the smoke. When the thickened smoke stays up to the height of the lower edge of the hanging door 22, the smoke below the height of the lower edge goes over the lower edge of the hanging door 22 and flows out of the outer shell 12. - 特許庁

Since the smoke is produced by incomplete combustion of wood, the smoke remaining under the ceiling of the interior body 14 contains combustible carbon monoxide gas. When the flame rising from the kindling reaches the ceiling, the combustible carbon monoxide gas is ignited and the flame spreads over the entire area under the ceiling of the interior body 14.例文帳に追加This state is called rollover as a property of fire.

Next, when this rollover continues under the ceiling of the interior body 14, the inner surface of the interior body 14 is heated by the radiant heat from the rollover. The ignition temperature is reached and the entire inner surface of the inner body 14 ignites. This state is called flashover as a property of fire.

When this flashover occurs, when the smoke exhaust door 34 blocking the smoke exhaust port 32 of the upper surface portion 16d of the main body portion 16 of the outer shell 12 is opened, smoke and flame are vigorously blown out from the smoke exhaust port 32. - 特許庁In addition, the smoke and flame that have escaped from the opening 16a of the main body 16 of the outer shell 12 are sucked into the opening 16a and do not come out.

Next, when the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 of the opening 16a of the main body 16 of the outer shell 12 are closed in the flashover state, the air does not flow into the outer shell 12. As shown in FIG. If this state continues, the oxygen in the outer shell 12 will gradually decrease due to the combustion of the inner shell 14, the flame in the outer shell 12 will gradually become smaller, and finally the flame will disappear and only smoke will be produced. keep happening.

In this state, when the door 24 of the opening 16 a of the main body 16 is slightly opened, the outside air flows into the outer shell 12 through the gap between the door 24 and the main body 16 . Here, if a spark remains in the interior body 14 or kindling (fire source), the carbon monoxide gas contained in the smoke is ignited by this spark, and the opening 16a of the main body 16 Flames and smoke shoot out. This state is called backdraft as a characteristic of fire.

After the above experiments, the smoke exhaust port 32 is closed with the smoke exhaust door 34, and the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 of the opening 16a are completely closed. By closing the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 of the opening 16a, outside air does not flow into the outer shell 12, and oxygen in the outer shell 12 is reduced or extinguished by combustion of the inner shell 14, and the outer shell The experimental fire in body 12 is extinguished.

After the experimental fire in the outer shell 12 was extinguished, the inside was waited for sufficient cooling, and then the hanging door 22 and the hinged door 24 of the opening 16a were fully opened, and the unburned inner body 14 was removed from the fire source. Pull out with (kindling). Since it is only pulled out, the inner body 14 can be pulled out without being broken. The inner body 14 pulled out together with the fire source (lighting) is used for fire verification.

Finally, specific effects of the FCB according to the embodiment of the present invention will be explained.
(1) By using a stainless steel plate (SUS304) as the material, it has high durability and at the same time it has an appropriate weight (approximately 19 kg), which enables stable experiments.
(2) With the wooden combustion box, it became possible to visually recognize fire properties (rollover, flashover, backdraft, leading smoke, etc.).
(3) By checking the wooden box after the combustion experiment, it is possible to conduct education such as fire cause investigation and carbonization appraisal.
(4) Training suitable for educational materials and equipment such as "primary section education for firefighting schools", "fire training for firefighting headquarters, fire stations and fire brigade", "training for self-defense fire brigade of companies", "fire prevention education for schools", etc. Equipment.
(5)By using the wooden combustion box as a replacement part, it was possible to repeat the experiment without the trouble of creating it. In addition, it can be easily put in and taken out of the outer box with a slide type, so the training time can be shortened.

The FCB according to the present invention can be used as training equipment for fire training at fire schools, fire departments, fire departments/fire brigade, or self-defense fire brigade of companies, etc., or as educational equipment for fire prevention education at schools, etc. .

10 Fire control box 12 Outer shell 14 Interior body 16 Body parts 16a, 16b Opening 16c Front part 16d Upper surface part 18 Window part 20 Heat-resistant glass 22 Hanging door 24 Open door 26 Hinge metal fitting 28 Hinge metal fitting 30 Window part 32 Smoke exhaust port 34 Smoke exhaust door 36 Smoke exhaust port 38 Rib 40 Handle 42 Patch metal fitting

Claims (13)

Composed of a box-shaped outer shell and an inner body to be combusted in the outer shell, the outer shell is made of a nonflammable material, the inner body is made of a combustible material, and the outer shell has both ends. The inner body has a substantially rectangular cylindrical main body portion having an opening in the main body portion, the inner body has a size along the main body portion inside the main body portion, and the front portion, which is one side surface of the main body portion, has the A window is formed through which the inside of the main body can be seen, heat-resistant glass is attached to the position of the window on the front face, and at least one opening of the main body has a hanging door and a hinged door. The hanging door is attached to the upper edge of the opening with a hinge fitting so that it can be flipped up, and the hinged door is attached to the vertical edge of the opening with a hinge fitting so that it can be opened and closed. Fire control box featuring. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein said inner body has a substantially square tubular shape. 3. The fire according to claim 2, wherein an interior window portion is formed at a position corresponding to the window portion in the interior body in a state where the interior body is housed in the outer shell. Control box. A hanging door and a hinged door are vertically attached to the other opening of the main body, and the hanging door attached to one opening and the hanging door attached to the other opening have different heights. A fire control box according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein a sliding door is attached to the other opening of said main body so as to be vertically slidable. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein a smoke outlet is formed in the upper surface of said main body, and said main body has a smoke outlet for opening and closing said smoke outlet. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an interior smoke exhaust port is formed at a position corresponding to the smoke exhaust port in the interior body in a state where the interior body is housed in the outer shell body. fire control box. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein said non-combustible material is iron plate, steel plate or stainless steel plate. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein said heat-resistant glass is screwed to said main body. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein said combustible material is wood board or plywood. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein corners of said outer shell are reinforced with ribs. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein said outer shell is provided with a carrying handle. 2. A fire control box according to claim 1, wherein said hanging door and said hinged door are connected and fixed by snap fittings.

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