JP3236397B2 - Column moving type horizontal machine tool - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a column-movable horizontal machine tool, and more particularly to a bed and a rigidity between a bed and a work holding portion with respect to a cutting load, and to improve the processing of chips and cutting fluid. Column moving type
The present invention relates to the structure of a horizontal machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 shows a conventional spindle head having a horizontal Z-axis direction.
1 shows an example of a column-movable horizontal machine tool extending in a horizontal direction. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a bed. Bed 1
A guide portion 2 extending linearly is formed on the upper surface of. Above the bed 1, a saddle 3 is located. The saddle 3 moves in the X-axis direction along the guide 2 of the bed 1. The bed 1 is provided with a drive screw 4 for driving the saddle 3. Drive screw 4
It is connected to the X Jikuka movement motor (not shown).

[0003] Above the saddle 3, a column 6 is located. The column 6 moves in the Z-axis direction along a guide 7 provided on the upper surface of the saddle 3. The saddle 3, Z Jikuka movement motor 8 for moving the column 6 is mounted. The column 6 supports the spindle head 9
Have been. The spindle head 9 is movable in the vertical Y-axis direction.

[0004] the top of the column 6, Y Jikuka dynamic motor 10 for moving the spindle head 9 in the Y-axis direction is mounted. A tool 11 is mounted laterally at the tip of the spindle head 9. Tool 11, Ru is rotated by a spindle motor 12 attached to the rear end portion of the spindle head 9.

[0005] At one end of the bed 1, a processing table 13 is formed which protrudes upward. On the upper surface of the processing table 13, a work holding unit 14 for holding a work 15 which is an object to be cut is provided. When the work 15 is being cut by the tool 11, coolant (cutting liquid) is supplied to the cut portion. The cutting fluid that has cooled the cutting portion is supplied to the working table 13 and the hole 1 a of the bed 1.
It flows down along the, Ru is discharged into the coolant pit 17 provided on the floor F.

As a prior art relating to a column moving type horizontal machine tool, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-99036 is known. In this column moving type machine tool, by providing a column in which the spindle head is vertically movable and a column guide member having a reference guide corresponding to a guide in which the column is movable back and forth on the work side, It is designed to increase processing accuracy.

[0007]

And only INVENTION Problems to be Solved], the column moving type machine tool of FIG. 5 and the above publication, there remain problems to be solved in the following.

(1) In the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, since the drive mechanism for moving the saddle 3 and the column 6 is located below the spindle head 9, the machining position of the work 15 is increased, and the work height is increased. Therefore, at the time of attaching and detaching the work 15 to and from the machine tool, the worker M needs to go up to the step 16 and the workability deteriorates. In the case of the above publication, a similar problem arises because there is a mechanism for moving the saddle below the spindle head.

(2) As described above, when the position of the spindle head is increased, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutting position of the work 15 and the height to the upper surface of the bed are increased, and the processing of the bed 1 is performed. A large bending load due to the cutting load P acts on the table 13. Therefore, the rigidity of the bed 1 with respect to the cutting load becomes a problem, and in order to cope with this, it is necessary to increase the size of the bed. In the case of the above publication as well, there is a mechanism for moving the saddle below the spindle head, and a holder for holding the work is mounted on the upper surface of the bed, causing the same problem.

(3) In the case of FIG. 5, there is a drive mechanism for moving the saddle and the column below the cut portion of the work. In the case of the above publication, the saddle is moved below the cut portion of the work. Since there is a mechanism that causes the drive mechanism to deteriorate due to the accumulation of chips and cutting fluid, there is a problem.

(4) In FIG. 5 and the above-mentioned publication, a plurality of drive mechanisms are arranged below the column, and the respective drive motors are scattered. Therefore, the maintainability is poor. It is necessary to secure a large space. Therefore, it is very convenient if maintenance and inspection can be performed from one direction.

The present invention, switching to increase the rigidity between the bed and the bed and the workpiece holding member for cutting load, chips, cutting fluid processing property and driving equipment integrity Column mobile capable of improving the It is intended to provide a horizontal machine tool.

[0013]

The present invention for achieving the above object is as follows. Sectional shape and is substantially U-shaped, and bed recess is opened upwardly, are supported on the upper surface of the two pillars of the bed, and the saddle movable in a horizontal Z-axis direction, of the bed 2 Above the top of the book pillar
The saddle along the top surface of both ends of the bed
And Z-axis drive motor for reciprocating in the Z axis direction, extending vertically hung on the saddle, horizontally movable in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction which is the direction of movement of the saddle and
A column, an X-axis drive motor disposed on the upper surface of the saddle, and reciprocating the column in the X-axis direction ;
The core extends in the Z-axis direction, a tool is attached to the tip,
The lower surface of the dollar lower Ru mounted vertically movable on the column, the spindle head disposed laterally, is arranged on the upper surface of the saddle, Y-axis drive for elevating the spindle head of the lateral direction arrangement A motor is mounted on the end of the bed in the Z-axis direction, holds the work at a position facing the spindle head, and opens a lower wall surface and a wall surface facing the spindle.
A column moving type horizontal machine tool, comprising: a released work holding portion having four other wall surfaces .

[0014]

[Action] In the column moving type lateral machine tool of the present invention, the bed itself is formed into a substantially U-shape, it is lowered column hanging saddle. The spindle head arranged sideways is saddled.
Vertically movably mounted on the column below the lower surface of the
The spindle head and machining position in the X-axis drive mode.
Lower than the motor, Y-axis drive motor, and Z-axis drive motor.
Can be placed. Therefore, each drive motor and slide
There is no swarf, chips or cutting oil on the moving guide,
Dysfunction can be prevented from occurring.

[0015] Since the work holding portion at one end of the bed is attached, it is possible to increase the rigidity of the workpiece, it is cantilever bending load as in the conventional apparatus the workpiece holding portion does not act during switching cutting machining.

[0016] Also, the workpiece holding means, because it is open downwardly directly below the workpiece, chips and cutting fluid on the workpiece Ya
It can be output discharge downwardly without depositing on the table and makes the processing of chips and cutting fluid can be improved.

Each X, YZ axis drive motor is located on the lower surface of the saddle .
Because it is arranged in a higher position, the maintenance of the driving motors is easy, it becomes unnecessary to secure a large maintenance inspection space around the machine tool.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a column moving type horizontal machine tool according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 20 denotes a column moving type horizontal machine tool. Column moving type horizontal machine tool 20
It has a bed 21. The bed 21 is fixed while being placed on a leveling block 18 provided on the floor F. The bed 21 is made of, for example, a casting.

The bed 21 has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The recess 22 of the bed 21 is open upward. On the upper surface of the two pillars at both ends of the bed 21, a straight line-shaped guide portion 23 is provided. One edge of the bed 21, but has become To directly U-shaped so acting cutting load,
Other end has notch 24 is formed in order to reduce the weight of the bed 21.

A saddle 30 is disposed above the bed 21. At the both ends 31 in the width direction of the saddle 30, a Z-axis direction linear motion bearing portion 32 mounted on the guide portion 23 of the bed 21 is attached. The saddle 30 is the bed 21
(Z-axis direction guide rail) 23 can be reciprocated.

On the upper surface of the other end of the bed 21, a saddle 3
A first drive means 40 for reciprocating the O in the Z-axis direction along the guide portion 23 of the bed 21 is provided. The first driving means 40, Z Jikuka dynamic motor (AC servo motor) 4
1, and a Z-axis direction feed Rineji 42. Z Jikuka dynamic motor 41 is fixed to the upper surface of the other end of the bed 21 through the base 43. Z-axis feed screw 42 is connected to the output shaft of the Z Jikuka dynamic motor 41.

The Z-axis direction feed screw 42 is screwed with a female screw (not shown) provided on the saddle 30. When the Z-axis direction feed <br/> Rineji 42 is rotating by Z Jikuka movement motor 41, the saddle 30 is moved along the guide portion 23 of the bed 21. The travel distance of the saddle 30 is NC
It is configured to be grasped by a control unit (not shown) in the control panel 100.

As shown in FIG. 2, a vertically extending column 50 is supported on the central lower surface of the saddle 30.
The column 50 extends to near the bottom surface of the concave portion 22 of the bed 21. The column 5 0, the horizontal X-axis direction linear motion bearing unit 51 is mounted. Linear motion bearing 51, sliding on linear guide portion 35 provided on the lower surface of the saddle 30
Supported as possible . As a result, the column 50 is suspended from the saddle 30 .

[0025] upper surface of the saddle 30, the second drive means 60 is disposed for reciprocating in the horizontal X-axis direction along the column 50 to the guide portion 35. The second driving means 60
X Jikuka dynamic motor has a (AC servo motor) 61, X-axis feed screw 62. X Jikuka dynamic motor 61 is fixed to the upper surface of the saddle 30. X axis direction feed screw 62
It is connected via a toothed belt 63 or the like to an output shaft of the X Jikuka dynamic motor 61.

The X-axis direction feed screw 62 is attached to the column 50.
It is screwed with the female screw 64 attached . When the X-axis direction feed screw 62 is rotation by X Jikuka movement motor 61,
The column 50 moves along the guide 35 of the saddle 30.
You. Moving distance of the column 50 is Ru is grasped by the control unit of the NC control panel 100.

A spindle head 70 extending in the horizontal Z-axis direction is mounted on the column 50 so as to be movable in the vertical Y-axis direction. On one side surface of the column 50, the guide portion 52 in the vertical direction extending linearly it is provided. The spindle head 70 has a table 71 extending vertically in the column 50 side. A linear motion bearing 72 mounted on the guide 52 of the column 50 is attached to the table 71.

On the upper surface side of the saddle 30, the axis is horizontal Z-axis.
A third drive means 80 is provided for raising and lowering the horizontal spindle head 70 extending in the direction along the guide portion 52 of the column 50. Third driving means 80, Y Jikuka dynamic motor 81,
It has a Y-axis direction feed screw 82. Y Jikuka dynamic motor 8
Numeral 1 is arranged on the upper surface side of the saddle 30 in a horizontal state. The output shaft side of the Y Jikuka dynamic motor 81, gear box 83 a bevel gear is built is attached.

[0029] Y Jikuka dynamic motor 81 gear box 83 which is connected with is fixed to the upper surface of the column 50 through the base 84. The gear box 83 is inserted into an assembly hole 36 formed in the saddle 30. Gear box 8
A Y-axis direction feed screw 82 is connected to the output shaft 3. The Y-axis direction feed screw 82 is connected to the through hole 55 of the column 50.
Extends to the vicinity of the lower surface of the cavity 56.

The Y-axis direction feed screw 82 is connected to the table 71
Is screwed with the female screw 73 provided at the bottom. When the Y-axis direction feed screw 82 by Y Jikuka movement motor 81 is rotated, the spindle head 70 along the guide portion 52 of the column 50 vertically
It moves in the Y-axis direction. The moving distance of the spindle head 70 is grasped by a control unit in the NC control panel 100 .

On the tip end side of the spindle head 70, a milling cutter 76 or a drill 77 as a tool is mounted. A spindle motor 75 is attached to the rear end of the table 71 of the spindle head 70. Milling cutter 76
And drill 77 are rotated by spindle motor 75
It is supposed to be. The rotation speed of the spindle motor 75 is controlled by a control unit in the NC control panel 100.
You.

A box-shaped work holding section 90 is attached to one end 25 of the bed 21 in the Z-axis direction . The work holding portion 90 has a side surface facing the spindle head 70 opened to form a tool advance / retreat hole 91 and a lower surface opened.
And has four remaining wall surfaces. A work 96 as a workpiece is arranged at a position facing the tool advance / retreat hole 91 on the side surface of the work holding unit 90. The work 96 is fixed to the side surface 92 of the work holding section 90 by the clamper 97.

During the cutting of the work 96, the work 96
The cutting fluid 98 is applied to the cutting portion of the, and chips 99 are generated from the cutting portion. The lower surface of the work holding part 90 is open
The section 95 . During cutting of the workpiece 96, chips and cutting fluid from the opening 95 is Ru is discharged to the outside.

An opening 95 is provided immediately below the work holding section 90.
A collecting device 110 that collects the cuttings 99 and the cutting fluid 98 discharged from the hopper is disposed. The cutting fluid 98 and the chips 99 collected by the collecting device 110 are separated, and only the cutting fluid 98 is reused.

X, Y, Z axis drive motors 41, 61,
81 is driven by a command from the NC control panel 100, and the spindle head 70 is positioned at a predetermined position according to the amount of rotation of each feed screw 42, 62, 82 connected to each drive motor 41, 61, 81. It has become so. Spindle head 7
When the workpiece 96 is cut by a tool such as a milling blade 76 or a drill 77 mounted on the workpiece 0, the cutting load P is applied only between the upper end and the lower end of the work holding portion 90 that holds the work 96. Has become.

[0036] In this embodiment, the milling cutter 76 and the drill 7
The tool such as 7 is configured to be replaced by the operator 120.
And it is, or may be configured for automatically changing the tool by an automatic tool changer (ATC). Also, the work holding unit 9
In this embodiment, the setting of the work 96 to 0 is also performed by the worker 120.
However, in the case of a production system in which a plurality of machine tools are arranged side by side, the transfer machine may be configured to automatically transfer the work 96 to the work holding unit 90.

Next, the operation of the column moving type horizontal machine tool will be described.

When the unprocessed work 96 is set at a predetermined position of the work holding section 90 by the worker 120, the work 96 is clamped by the clamper 97 and is firmly fixed to the work holding section 90. In this state, the spindle head 70 on which the tool is mounted is retracted with respect to the work holding unit 90.

When the setting of the work 96 in the work holding section 90 is confirmed, the spindle motor 75 and the drive motors 41, 61, 81 of each axis are started. N while driving
The movement amount of each axis is instructed from the C control panel 100 to the drive motor of each axis, and the positioning control of the spindle head 70 on which the tool is mounted is performed in accordance with the command. Drive motors 41 and 6 for each axis
When 1, 81 are activated, the spindle head 70 advances toward the work 96, and cutting by the milling blade 76 and the drill 77 is started.

Here, the spindle head 70 is disposed in the concave portion 22 of the bed 21 having a substantially U-shaped cross section.
The work holding unit 90 for holding the bed 6 is at the end 25 of the bed 21.
, And has high rigidity, so that it can sufficiently receive the load P in the Z-axis direction among the cutting loads of the work .

As shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional apparatus, since the processing table 13 for holding the work 15 has a cantilever structure, the cutting load P
Acts on the bed 1 as a bending load, and the rigidity of the bed 1 becomes a problem. However, in this embodiment, the cutting load P does not act as a bending load, so that the cutting load P is remarkably advantageous in terms of load, and a small and lightweight bed and high rigidity can be obtained. A work holding part structure can be obtained. Therefore, bed 2 due to the cutting load
The deformation of the work 1 and the work holding portion 90 becomes extremely small, and the processing accuracy of the work 96 can be improved.

The work holder 90 is positioned at the end 25 of the bed 21.
And a tool for processing the work 96 is mounted.
The horizontal spindle head 70 descends to near the bottom of the concave portion 22 of the bed 21.
Can be made lower than that of the conventional device. Therefore, the worker 120 can use the work 9 without using a step board or the like.
6 can be attached or detached, and the workability can be greatly improved.

First drive means 40 for driving saddle 30
Is disposed on the upper surface side of the bed 21 and has a second driving means 60 for driving the column 50 and a third driving means 60 for driving the spindle head 70.
Is disposed on the upper surface side of the saddle 30, so that each of the driving units 40, 60, and 80 is located above the processing position of the work 96. Therefore, chips and cutting fluid hardly adhere to the driving units 40, 60, and 80, and deterioration of each driving unit due to accumulation of chips and cutting fluid is prevented.

Since the work holding portion 90 for holding the work 96 is provided with an opening 95 which is opened directly below the work 96 and is opened downward, the chip 99 and the cutting fluid 98 from the cut portion are collected as it is. It can be discharged to 110, and the processability of the chips 99 and the cutting fluid 98 can be improved.

Further, since the work holding portion 90 is attached to the end portion 25 of the bed 21, the bed 21 does not exist immediately below the work holding portion 90, and the collection device 110 can be arranged in this space. There is no need to provide a collecting pit on the floor F. Therefore, foundation work for installing the column moving type horizontal machine tool 20 is also simplified.

In a production line in which a large number of movable column machine tools are arranged side by side, it is necessary to secure a space for maintenance and inspection around the machine tools for each machine. , 60, 80 are arranged on the upper surface side of the bed 21 or the upper surface side of the saddle 30, so that the drive motors 41, 61, 81, which have relatively more failures than other parts,
Etc. can be maintained and inspected from one direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure a space for maintenance and inspection around each machine tool.

In this embodiment, the drive motors 41, 6
Numerals 1 and 81 are configured to perform NC control (numerical control). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and manual control may be used. Further, the work holding unit 90 may be provided with a rotary table for changing the direction of the work 96, or in a production line in which a plurality of machine tools are arranged side by side,
It is good also as composition which arranges a direction change device of a work between each machine tool.

[0048]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) A bed having a substantially U-shaped cross section
The work holding part has high rigidity because the work holding part is attached.
And the cutting load can be sufficiently received.
Therefore, the bending load unlike the cantilever structure does not act on the work holding part, and a highly rigid bed and work holding part structure can be obtained even with a small size and light weight. as a result,
The deformation of the bed due to the cutting load is extremely small, and the processing accuracy of the work can be increased.

(2) The first driving means for driving the saddle is disposed on the upper surface side of the bed, and the second driving means for driving the column and the third driving means for driving the spindle head are arranged on the upper surface side of the saddle. , Each driving means is located above the processing position of the work. Therefore,
Chips and cutting fluid hardly adhere to each driving means, and deterioration of each driving means due to accumulation of chips and cutting fluid can be prevented.

(3) Since the work holding portion for holding the work is provided with an opening that opens downward immediately below the work, the chips and the cutting fluid from the cut portion can be directly discharged downward. . Therefore, it becomes possible to improve the processability of chips and cutting fluid, and it is also possible to reduce the amount of required cutting fluid.

(4) Since each drive means is arranged on the upper surface side of the bed or the upper surface side of the saddle, it is possible to perform maintenance and inspection of each drive means from one direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure a space for maintenance and inspection around each machine tool.

(5) The work head is attached to the end of the bed, and the spindle head on which the tool for processing the work is mounted is:
Since the work descends to the vicinity of the bottom surface of the concave portion of the bed, the work setting position can be lowered as compared with the conventional apparatus.
Therefore, the worker can attach or detach the work without using a step board or the like, and can greatly improve workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a column moving type horizontal machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of a conventional column moving type machine tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 20 horizontal moving machine tool 21 bed 22 recess 30 saddle 40 first drive means 50 column 60 second drive means 70 spindle head 76 tool 77 tool 80 third drive means 90 work holding part 95 opening 96 work 100 NC control panel 110 Collection device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き The continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shoichi Murakami 1-2-1 Nishiki, Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan MT Corporation (56) References JP-A-1-146631 (JP, A) 63-47033 (JP, A) JP-A-4-294946 (JP, A) JP-A-2-6969 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23Q 1 / 00-1/76 B23Q 11/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sectional shape is substantially U-shaped, and a concave portion is upward.
A bed which is open towards the, supported on the upper surface of the two pillars of the bed, and movable in a horizontal Z-axis direction <br/> direction saddles, above the upper surface of the two pillars of the bed disposed, and Z-axis drive motor for reciprocating in the Z axis direction along the saddle at both ends upper surface of the bed, extending vertically hung on the saddle, and the Z-axis direction which is the direction of movement of the saddle A column horizontally movable in the orthogonal X-axis direction; and a column disposed on the upper surface side of the saddle, wherein the column is moved in the X-axis direction.
An X-axis drive motor that reciprocates in a direction, the axis of which extends in the Z-axis direction, and a tool is attached to the tip,
Ru mounted vertically movable on the column at a lower side of the lower surface of the saddle, and the spindle head disposed laterally, it is arranged on the upper surface of the saddle, Y-axis drive for elevating the spindle head of the lateral direction arrangement A motor, which is attached to the end of the bed in the Z-axis direction and holds the work at a position facing the spindle head ;
The wall facing the main shaft is open and has four other walls
A movable column type horizontal machine tool, comprising: a work holding portion;